采矿地质词汇

1、矿业常用术语和词汇中英文对照表固体矿产资源 solid fuels and mineral resources查明矿产资源 total identified mineral resources潜在矿产资源 undiscovered resources储量 extractable reserve可采储量 proved extractable reserve预可采储量 probable extractable reserve基础储量 basic reserve资源量 resource预查 reconnaissance普查 prospecting详查 general exploration勘探 de

2、tailed exploration矿化潜力 mineralization potential地质可靠程度 geological assurance预测的 reconnaissance推断的 inferred控制的 indicated探明的 measured可行性评价 feasibility assessment概略研究 geological study预可行性研究 pre-feasibility study可行性研究 feasibility study采矿报告 mining report采矿证mining license矿权证concession方位角azimuth倾角dipping ang

3、le走向strike倾向 Dip倾斜度dip angle孔位collar钻杆drill rod倒班shift exchange套管casing机上余尺remain length泥浆添加剂additives消耗材料consumed material 新闻发布 press release金刚石钻头diamond bit扩孔器reamer shell孔底堵漏器cementing and wedging bottom packager品名 product name, item name数量quantity制造商manufacturer购买商purchaser孔深hole depth使用说明usage手

4、册manual每年的annual钻孔坐标hole coordinate钻孔数据hole data岩心定向core orientation测斜 down-hole survey安全培训Safety Training环境、健康和安全Environment Health and Satety(E.H.S或EHS)健康职业安全 OHS(Health， Occupation &Safety）地质结构geological structure总计sum total钻探表drilling sheet岩心编录报告logging sheets矿区project area, concession district孔

5、号hole Code绕道bypass余矿remains施工operating等待standby工作内容work description 钻探回次drilling trip进尺trip 米距interval 岩心长度core length检查verify采样sampling岩石样Rock sample副样duplicates空白样blank sample 标样standard sample给水watering 取芯core recovery垂直的vertical 水平的horizonal旋风钻机（粉末钻机）RC drills高程、海拔RL=relative level海拔elevation水泥

6、cement石灰了lime石膏gypsum马赛克mosaic地质作用Geological process内力 endogenous force内力作用 endogenous process外力exogenous force外力作用exogenous process地壳运动 crustal movement 侵入岩intrusive rock 风化作用weathering侵蚀作用erosion磨蚀作用abrasion 剥蚀作用denudation冰川glacier沉积作用sedimentation机械沉积化学沉积mechanical deposit晶体crystal晶质crystalline高品

7、位 high grade贵重金属noble metal稀有金属minor metal工时man-hour劳动力manpower板岩slate编号compile全站仪total station 定位仪positional instrument 经纬仪transit instrument 薄片分析 thin section analysis 露天采矿open cut, open pit测绘survey & drawing沉淀form a sediment地质成因cause of a formation地壳the crust地幔 the mantle 地核 the core顶板roof二氧化物dio

8、xide 二氧化碳carbon dioxide氧化物 oxide 发源，起源origination矿体 ore body, ore shoot覆盖层overburden橄榄石olivine共生intergrowth共生矿，伴生矿 mineral intergrowth、associated mineral 推土机bulldozer挖掘机excavator, digger装载机loader钻机drilling machine 掘进机tunnel machine 平地机grader洒水车watering truck 压路机roller红土red-clay白蚁样本termite sample 伟晶岩

9、pegmatite异常anomaly砖红壤laterite变质沉积岩meta-sediment黑云母biotite云母 mica角闪石amphibious薄层状foliated 人工智能artificial intelligence 火山凝灰岩lapilli tuff 蛇纹岩serpentinite 橄榄岩dunite英闪岩tonalite玄武岩basalt纲要scenario 推荐recommendation植被vegetation基础设施infrastructure 辅助设施ancillary facilities 尾矿库Tailing storage，tail management fa

10、cility (TMF)尾矿坝 Tailing Dam地相学physiography 岩石学lithology 热液蚀变hydrothermal alteration 块段法资源评估polygonal resource estimation边界品位Cut-off grade配剂站/医务室dispensary 污水处理站sewage treatment plant二手设备used equipment, second-hand equipment经济可行性级别degree of economic viability预可研报告Pre-feasibility report 可行性研究报告Feasibi

11、lity report重力分级工艺gravity circuit杂质mixture杂岩，混合岩mixtite河成阶地fluvial terrace选矿ore-dressing, 选矿法beneficiation method判例，先例precedent结果，后果consequence立约covenant海底资源submarine resource海洋资源marine deposit航标navigation mark驱动轮driving wheel传动杆、传动轴driving shaft横断面cross section烘烤toast滑石粉talcum powder贵重金属rare-metal/n

12、oble metal回收率rate of recovery/percentage of recovery火山volcano夹层double layer掘土机power shovel经纬度longitude and latitude晶体crystal精选refine、purify井口concentration坑道gallery穿脉crosscut 空洞cavity平硐access drift/horizontal shaft斜井decline矿脉lode矿石 ore口径 bore累计add up累积accumulate复合片麻岩composite gneiss老虎钳vise雷管detonator

13、立方cube立方米cubic meter平方米square meter零工odd-job man隆起swell炉料furnace charge炉渣slag内径internal diameter内角interior angle泥灰岩marl泥浆slurry钻井泥浆drilling mud珍珠状feldspar泥石流mud-rock flow浓度consistency密度density 欧亚大陆Eurasia排污pollutants 柴达木盆地the Qaidam Basin片麻岩gneiss 片岩schist板岩slate斑岩porphyry 闪长岩diorite千枚岩phyllite黄铁矿py

14、rite闪锌矿sphalerite黄铜矿chalcopyrite斑铜矿bornite磁黄铁矿pyrrhotite玛瑙agate黑玉jet黄玉topaz青玉sapphire绿玉emerald碧玉jasper坡度the degree of slope纵剖面longitudinal section剖面图section drawing剖视图cutaway view石场，露天矿石场quarry 选矿厂ore-dressing plant筛洗选矿法ore dressing by screening切割机、切片剂slicer 氢氧化钠hydroxide倾角测量仪dip-meter日均average per

15、day浓缩concentrate/enrich起草draft切片分析slice assay 容积volume容量capacity溶解、融化dissolve 石灰line水泥cement砂浆mortar石膏gypsum熔点melting point三脚架tripod沙金placer gold/sand gold筛分机screening machine筛选dress and wash塌方collapse /cave in探宝treasure prospecting 钻探drilling exploration贫化率dilution rate 脱水dewatering 条痕streak 淘金矿was

16、h sand for gold节理joint微量元素trace element稀有金属rare metal 稀土金属rare-earth metal 砷arsenic化石fossil伟晶岩crystallite界面interface手工、人工artificial/manual work容器container、vessel3S系统：全球信息系统GIS-Global information system卫星遥感系统SRS-Satellite remote system全球定位系统GPS-Global position system活塞piston发动机/发电机generator二氧化物dioxid

17、e三氧化物trioxide显微镜microscope多极的multipolar压力press, pressure万能扳手universal spanner 换算表conversion table直径diameter半径radius/ semi diameter 内径internal diameter贫矿lean ore钻井平台drilling platform通风井skylight /raise竖井shaft通风工程ventilation system基建工程civil work土石方工程earth work岩层rock formation岩样rock specimen矿样ore sample

18、盐酸hydrochloric 硫酸vitriolic 硫酸盐sulfate 灭火器extinguisher化学异常geochemical anomaly 化探geochemical 物探geophysical 遥感系统remote sensing冶炼时间smelting time 加热时间duration of heat萤石fluorite永久冻层permanent frost horizon 云母片mica sheet杂质impurity炸药explosive/dynamite珍珠岩pearlite硬度hardness 韧性toughness工作报表work schedule日报表daily

19、 report sheet选矿机、分矿机ore separator属性properties鲜美的、光滑的delicate 走向strike倾向trending,dip倾角、倾向dip or dip degree氰化物cyanide 雷管detonator塌方、塌陷 caving 永久的permanent 暂时的temporary 黏贴paste石棉asbestos岩心采取core recovery acceptability 岩心率proportion of core, rate of core recovery空压机air compressor液压hydraulic pressure掘进si

20、nking变质岩metamophic岩石学、岩性lithology面理foliat解体breakup薄岩层leaf-like layer宝石gem翡翠jade地层strata子午线meridian 本初子午线the first meridian比例尺scale白云母muscovite 白云石dolomite白榴石leucite白钨矿scheelite石榴石garnet堇青石cordierite背斜anticline 向斜syncline变质作用metamorphism剥蚀作用denudation薄片分析thin section analysis哺乳动物mammal不透明opaque 层理bed

21、ding片理schistosity 不透水层impermeable stratum残余、余矿remains层状stratiform闪长玢岩diorite-porphyries板状tabular石英岩quartite角砾岩breccia橄榄岩dunite花岗岩granite 超基性岩ultra-mafic rock基性岩辉岩basite/mafic rock 火山碎屑岩volcano-clastic 科马提岩komatite 辉岩pyroxenite 辉长岩gabbro钙长岩anothosite 角闪石岩hornblendite 石英闪长岩quartz diorite安山岩andesite 长英

22、矿物felsic rock喷出岩extrusive rock 喷入岩 intrusive rock 凝灰岩tuff流纹岩rhyolite 碧玉jasper玛瑙agate 英安岩quartite硅质岩siliceous rock 沉积岩sedimentary rock沉积角砾岩sedimentary breccia砂岩sandstone 砾岩conglomerate 粉砂岩siltstone 层间粉砂岩inter-bedded siltstone粘土岩clay stone 泥岩mudstone 燧石chet铁帽iron-formation 石灰岩limestone 白云岩dolomite碳酸岩脉

23、carbonatite 金伯利岩Kimberlite 煌斑岩lamprophyre 正长岩syenite超基性片岩ultra-mafic schist滑石talcum滑石-炭质片岩tc-cb schist滑石-绿泥石-炭质片岩tc-ch-cb schist滑石-蛇纹片岩tc-se-cb schist蛇纹岩serpentine 透闪石片岩tr-ch schist滑石镁橄榄石岩tc-fo rock变质片岩mafic schist绿泥石片岩ch-ab schist含铜绿泥石片岩ch-am schist角闪石岩amphibolite 片麻岩felsic gneiss铁镁质片麻岩mafic gneiss

24、铁镁质麻粒岩mafic granulites 斑岩porphyry蚀变角闪石辉石斑岩hb-ac-px-pl porphyry 完全蚀变斑岩totally altered porphyry长英质felsic长英片岩 felsic schist长英麻粒岩felsic granulite 花岗片麻岩granitoid gneiss斜长岩plagioclase斜长片麻岩plagioclase gneiss 页岩shale断层角砾岩fault breccias 变质泥质岩metapelite 断层泥fault gouge泥质片岩pelitic schist炭质片岩carbonate schist 碎石f

25、ragment rock石英炭质片岩qz-cb schist绢云母石英片岩sr-qz schist斑状变晶结构的片岩porphyry-blastic schist石墨graphite石墨片岩graphitic schist黑云母biotite黑云母石英片岩bi-qz schist白云石大理岩dolomitic marble黑云母石英片麻岩bi-qz schist黑云母斜长片麻岩bi-sm plagio-gneiss冲积层alluvium 沉积岩sedimentary rock矿脉vein构造structure 构造岩structural rock断层带fault zone剪切带shear zo

26、ne 凝固solidify 沉井open caisson 岩石空隙rock void 矿石填充物rock fills沉积搬运覆盖层transported cover变质岩altered rock 变质作用metamorphic process 低级变质作用lower metamorphic高级变质作用higher metamorphic基岩primary rock中性岩石intermediate rock酸性岩石felsic rock碱性岩石alkaline rock同生矿syngenetic mineral伴生矿物associated mineral 太古代Archaean 元古代Prote

27、rozoic 显生宙Phanerozoic古生代Paleozoic中生代Mesozoic新生代Cenozoic寒武纪Cambrian奥陶纪Ordovician志留纪Silurian泥盆纪Devonian石炭纪Carboniferous 二叠纪Permian三叠纪Trias侏罗纪Jurassic白垩纪Cretaceous第三纪Tertiary第四纪Quaternary渐新世 Oligocene火山岩lava喷出岩extrusive rock沉积岩sedimentary rock雾化器atomizer 采道berm边坡batter工作面work face台阶bench 切割块flitch贫化dil

28、ution贫化率dilution radio 顶边crest底边toe预裂孔presplit hole隐患hazard风管air duct弯头 elbow导轨guide rail气压计barometer直接头straight joint中性岩neutral rock火成岩igneous rock 岩浆岩magmatic rock石灰岩limestone灰泥岩lime mudrock翼、边缘limb劈理cleavage载重量payload 型号model 非公路运输卡车off-highway truck自卸卡车 dump truck水车water cart矿用车mining truck 水泥运输

29、车concrete carrier连挂车厢articulated dump truck最大扭矩Max. torque额定功率rating power最大钻进深度max. Drilling depth最大直径max. Diameter 铲土机motor scraper平装struck 堆装heaped 增压/中冷turbocharged/after cooled 双轴变速箱twin countershaft transmission 人工照明车artificial light 全液压系统full hydraulic system动力转向power steering 运行参数performance

30、 index 发动机曲轴箱engine crankcase变速箱transmission 冷却系统cooling system油箱fuel tank 转向液压系统 steering、body hydraulic system 轮边减速器planetary 差速器differential 悬挂suspension前悬缸front ride strut 后悬缸rear ride strut车辆最大外廓回转直径 vehicle clearance diameter 化学活性chemical activity化学淋滤作用chemical eluviation 分带/划带 zoning 安全棚safet

31、y shed支架support 支护supporting 背板lagging 前支护fore-poling 锚杆bolt支护空间space between support and rock 矿石压力rock press 旧矿场goaf 采场stope 采空区处理disposition of mine-out 岩层控制strata control顶板控制roof control冒顶roof fall 漏顶roof collapse with cavity底鼓floor heave 敲帮问顶sounding 大面积冒顶large area roof falls冲击地带bump 封闭采空区close

32、 goaf 采空区mine-out area (stope)放顶caving 强制放顶force caving 放顶距caving interval 控顶距face width 顶板垮塌roof caving 放顶柱breaker props岩体固化rock mass solidification 开采沉陷mining subsidence 垮落带caving zone裂隙带fracture zone弯曲带sagging zone地表移动surface movement岩层移动strata movement移动盆地subsidence trough充分采取full extraction 下沉系

33、数subsidence factor缓冲沟buffering trench安全开采深度safe mining depth建筑物下采矿mining under the buildings 水体下采矿 mining under water bodies废石waste废石场 waste dump 废石处理waste disposal 滑动面sliding plane滑动层sliding bedding防爆方式type of protection总接地general earthed system井下主接地极main earthed electrode 局部主接地极local earthed eletr

34、ode 接地装置earthing device 接地母线earthing busbar 辅助接地母线auxiliary earthing busbar井下接地underground protective earthing 安全电压safety voltage 露电保护earth leakage protection 静电事故electrostatic accident 静电灾害electrostatic hazard 杂散电流stray current 超前切断电流 power source release apparatus 综合保护装置versatile protector防爆性 non-

35、transmission of internal explosion 耐爆性explosion stability 阻车器car stop过卷over-travel 过卷距离over-travel distance过速over-speed 过放距离over-fall height安全制动safety braking 防坠器safety catch 制动绳braking rope 缓冲绳buffer rope 防撞绳rubbing rope防跑车装置bull 平装闭锁装置interlocking device 保护伞protection umbrella 深度指示剂depth indicator

36、安全绞车safety winch 落道derailment 锚固装置anchor device 放倒装置tilting prevention device防滑装置/止轮器anti-skid device卡轨器check plate稳定器stabilizer安全器safety device 充填料的泄漏 leakage of backfill materials砂门sand grizzly 根底tight bottom安全平台safety berm防护栏protective grating 边坡稳定性slope stability 边坡安全系数slope safety factor边帮破坏slope failure倾倒topple 滑坡slope slide 滑面sliding surface临界滑面critical sliding surface 边坡加固slope reinforcement 边坡监测slope monitoring 边坡预警slope prediction排土场滑坡waste dump slide排土场泥石流dump mud-rock flow炸药explosive雷管