杜绝手部伤害.ppt

1、,灼伤,破口,扭伤和挫伤,骨折,皮炎,Burns,Fractures,SprainsandStrains,Dermatits,Lacerations,HANDSAFETY,Yourhandsareyourmostvaluabletools.Nothinghaseverbeeninventedthatcanmatchthemforusefulnessandadaptability.Thatswhyitssoimportanttolearnhowtoprotectyourhands,bothatworkandathome.,手的价值无以伦比。从来没有什么比手更有效更灵活的发明。因此，学会上下班如何

2、保护双手，非常重要。,Yourelyonyourhandsconstantly.Thinkforamomentwhatlifewouldbelikewithoutoneofyourfingers.Notaverypleasantthoughtisit?Inthismaterialyouwilllearn10rulesforhandsafety.Therulesarelistedbelow,日常生活中，我们非常依赖双手。想一下，缺了一支手指，生活会变成什么样。想想就不舒服，是吧?以下列出了手的安全的十条规则,Howtoprotectyouhands,1.Keephandsawayfrompinc

3、hpointsandcrushinghazards.Inspectmaterialsforslivers,jaggededges,burrs,androughorslipperysurfaces.MATERIALHANDLING2.Alwaysconsiderergonomicsofthehands.3.Usethecorrecthandtoolforthejobanduseitproperly.4.AlwayswearsuitableglovesunlessnotedonyourWorkProcedure.Neverweargloveswhenworkingaroundrotatingequ

4、ipment.5.Removealljewelrybeforeperformingwork.6.Makesuresafetyguardsareinplacebeforeyoubeginanyjob.7.Neverreachintomachinerytorepair,oil,oradjustwithouttakingtheproperlockout/tagoutsteps.8.Cleanupwitharagorbrush-neverusesyourfingersorhands.9.KnowtheDangerZones.10.Keepyourhandsclean.Dontignorehandinj

5、uries.Knowthesignsofdermatitisandotherskindisorders.Getpromptmedicalattentionwhenrequired.,TENRULES,1.不要把手放在可能夹到或压到的地方。处理材料，工具和设备前，一定要先检查一下是否有毛刺、飞边，材料表面是否粗糙、光滑。2.时刻想到手的生理结构3.选用合适的手动工具，并正确使用4.除非在WorkProcedure(工作程序)中有特别注明,所有作业都要戴合适的手套。而旋转设备周围作业时则禁止戴手套5.作业前摘掉所有可能影响安全的首饰6.开始作业前确认机器是否有安全防护装置7.没有上锁/挂标签之前，

6、禁止进行机器的修理、上油或调试8.用抹布或刷子擦拭，不要用手指或手。9.了解危险区域10.保持手的清洁，不要忽视任何可能的伤害。了解皮炎的症状或其它皮肤病，必要时立即就医。,十条原则,Keephandsawayfrompinchpointsandcrushinghazards.Inspectmaterialsforslivers,jaggededges,burrs,androughorslipperysurfacesbeforehandling,1,MaterialHandling,Becarefulwhensettingdownheavyboxesorotheritems.,Checkthe

7、widthofthedoorwaybeforeyouventurethroughittobesureyourhandswillsafelyfit.,Carryloadsthroughdoorwaysandcloseareaswithhandsatthetopandbottomoftheload,notonthesides,ifpossible.,Setdrumsandcylindersdowncarefully.Gethelpifyouneedit.,Taglinesshouldbeusedtocontrolallloads.Taglinesmustneverbewrappedaroundha

8、ndsorbody.,不要把手放在可能夹到或压到的地方。处理材料，工具和设备前，一定要先检查一下是否有毛刺、飞边，材料表面是否粗糙、光滑,1,处理材料,重的箱子或其它材料都要轻拿轻放,事先检查一下门是否足够宽，过门时是否会伤到手,搬运重物过门或其它狭窄区域时，尽可能将手放在物体的底部或上面，不要抱着两边,放桶或气瓶时千万小心，必要时要找人帮忙；,应用牵引线控制好所有重物。牵引线不要缠在手上或身上,Pinchpointsandcrushinghazardsareeverywhere.夹伤和压伤的危险无处不在Keepthesafetyofyourhandsinmindatalltimes.头脑中要

9、时刻想着手的安全Ifyouareinjured,getfirstaidtreatmentimmediately.一但受伤，立刻采取急救措施,Alwaysconsiderergonomicsofthehands.时刻想到手的生理结构,Whydoweusehandtools?人类为什么要使用手动工具？-Handtoolsallowustoperformtaskswithgreaterstrengthandprecisionthanwecoulddowithourbarehands.-与双手比起来，手动工具能使人们更有效、精确地完成工作任务。,2,Maintaininganeutralposture

10、putsyourhandintoapositionwhereyouhavethegreatestmechanicaladvantage.Musclesprovidinggripstrengtharelocatedintheforearms.Abentwristrequiresmorework,reducesstrengthandputsyourhandsatriskforchronicinjuriessuchastendonitis,tenosynovitis,carpaltunnelsyndrome,DeQuervainsdiseaseofthethumb,triggerfinger,and

11、ganglioncysts.Avoidstaticpositions.Avoidstressconcentrationoverthesofttissuesofthehand.Usetoolswithhandlesthatdonotterminateinthepalm.Longerhandlesonpliersandscrewdriversputthestressbeyondthesofttissuesofthehand.Reducegripforce.Usepaddingonhandtoolstolessentheforceandtoincreasegripspan.Avoidrepetiti

12、vefingertriggeractions.Protecthandsfromheatandcold.Avoidexcessivevibration.Vibrationabsorbingpaddinginglovescanhelplessentheadverseeffectsofsometools.Whenworkingwithvibratingtools,orwhenthehandissubjectedtostrikingforces,makecertainyouareusingalltheprotectionrequired.,身体直立，手放在能发挥最大机械优势的位置。提供抓力的肌肉位于前

13、臂。手腕弯曲，则需要做更多功，力量减小，长期如此，可能会引起腱鞘炎、手腕综合症、手指关节僵硬、腱鞘囊肿等慢性病症。避免长期保持同一姿势。避免将压力集中在手的软组织上。工具手柄的末端不可顶在手掌上。老虎钳和螺丝刀的长手柄能将力量转移到手的软组织之外。减小相握的力道。在工具上加一块软垫以减小相握的力道，扩大控制范围避免手指重复弯曲的动作。避免烫伤或冻伤。避免过多的震击。手套中的减震衬垫有助于减小使用工具时的反作用力的影响。若工作中可能会使用震动工具，或手可能受到震击，要先确认并采取所有必要的保护,Usethecorrecthandtoolforthejobanduseitproperly选用合适的

14、手动工具，并正确使用,Thinkaboutyourthumbsforamoment.Althoughthumbslookabitlikeshort,stubbyfingers,theyrereallyalotmoreimportantthanyoumightthink.Trytyingyourshoeswithoutthehelpofyourthumb,orunlockingadoor.Trystartingyourcar.Yourthumbisausefultool-andwithonewrongmoveyoucouldloseoneofthem.Soalwaysusetherighttoo

15、lforthejob-onethatisingoodcondition-anduseitcorrectly.想想你的拇指，尽管他们看起来又短又粗，但他们比你想象的要重要得多。试试不用拇指把鞋带系上，把门打开，启动车子。拇指是不可或缺的工具且一不小心，就可能会失去他们。因此，要选用适合作业的工具，确保工具完好，并按正确的操作方法使用。,3,Knivesareconsideredamajorsourceofdisablinginjuries.Toavoidinjurywhenusingaknifeonthejob,followthesetips:1.Keeptheknifesharpsothaty

16、ouwonthavetouseasmuchforcetocutwithit.Thisreducesthelikelihoodthatitwillslipandinjureyou.2.Alwayscutawayfromyourbody,usingsmooth,evenmovements.Ifthatisnotpossible,besurehandsandbodyareclear.3.Concentrateonwhatyouredoing.Anydistractionsmightcauseyoutomakeawrongmoveandcutyourhand.4.Wearcutresistantglo

17、ves,(e.g.*Kevlar)whenusingknivesorhandlingmaterialwithsharpedges.Ahandleguardwillpreventyourhandfromslippingontotheblade.5.Keeptheknifeinasheathorretractthebladewhenitsnotinuse,andstoreitappropriatelywithedgesguardedwhenyourefinishedwithit.Neverleavekniveshiddenunderrags,paper,amongothertoolsindrawe

18、rsorworkboxes.6.InmostcasespocketknivesareNOTpermittedtobeusedastools.Knowtherequirementsonyourjobsite.7.Considertheuseofautomaticretractingbladeknives.,刀是使手致残的一个重要因素。为了在使用刀的工作中避免手伤害，使用时请遵循以下建议：1.刀要锋利，这样切割时就不需要化太大的力气。这样可以减小刀滑脱伤人的可能性。2.确保切割时运刀方向远离身体，切割的动作要干净利落。若工作条件不允许，也要确保不会伤到手和身体。3.集中注意力做手头的工作。注意力不

19、集中，会使作业人员因操作失误而割到手。,4.使用刀或搬运有锋利边的材料时，要戴防切割手套（如Kevlar手套）。好的刀柄可避免手滑到刀刃上引起的伤害。5.不用的刀具要放在刀鞘里或折起来，用后要放好，刀刃要保护好。禁止将刀具藏在破布、纸张下，或和抽屉或工具箱内的其它工具混在一起。6.通常，袖珍的刀具不允许当作作工具使用。使用前要先了解工作现场的具体要求。7.推荐使用刀刃能自动回缩的刀。,ALWAYSwearsuitableglovesunlessnotedonWorkProcedure.Neverweargloveswhenworkingaroundrotatingequipment.除非在Wo

20、rkProcedure(工作程序)上有注明，否则所有作业必须戴手套。而旋转设备上作业时则禁止戴手套。,Glovesareprovidedtoprotectyou-knowwhichglovesarerequiredforthejobandwearthem.Whenyoumakeexcusesfornotwearingthem,suchas,“Whybother?Thisjobwillonlytakeaminute,”or“Theyreinmylocker-Idonthavetimetogetthem,”youareonlyaskingforaninjury.,4,手套是用来保护你自己了解工作所

21、需的手套种类，作业时戴好。若为作业时没有戴手套而找借口，如:“何必麻烦，一会就做完了。”;“放在柜子里了，没有时间去拿。”等等，其实你是在自找伤害。,Removealljewelrythatcouldinterferewithyoursafetybeforeperforminganywork.作业前要摘掉所有可能影响安全的首饰。,Mostpeoplewearringsasamatterofhabitandseldomstoptothinkwhatcouldhappen.Ifyourringcatchesonamovingmachinepartoronafixedobjectwhenyourbo

22、dyismovingrapidly,yourfingercouldbetornoff.Ifyouthinktheringwillcomeoff,thinkagain.Testinghasfoundthatittakes1,670poundsofpulltobreakanaveragering.Thismeansthatitsdoubtfularingwillbreakbeforeyourfingerwill.Sodonttakeanychances-leaveyourringsandotherjewelryathome.,5,大多数人都习惯戴戒指，但很少去想戴着戒指作业会发生什么问题。若戒指被

23、旋转的机器卡住或当你走得很快时被固定的物体卡住了，则手指可能会被折断。若你觉得此时戒指会先脱离，请再仔细想想看。有测试表明，弄断一普通的戒指所需的拉力为1670磅。这说明手指断掉之前戒指先断是不大可能的。所以还是不要冒险为好请把戒指和其它首饰放在家里,Makesuresafetyguardsareinplacebeforeyoubeginanyjob.开始作业前先确认机器是否有安全防护装置。,Machineguardshavebeeninstalledtoprotectyou.Whenyoubypassthem,youriskseriousinjury.Besuretheyareinplace

24、beforeyoubeginyourwork.Knowwhatguardsshouldbeonyourtools,theirpurposeandwheretheyshouldbeplaced,6,机器的安全防护装置是用来保护作业人员，若忽略了他们，则会增加作业的危险性。作业前要先确认机器设备有安全防护装置。了解机器所需的安全防护装置，安装目的及安装的位置。,Neverreachintomachinerytorepair,oil,oradjustwithouttakingtherequiredLockOut/TagOutsteps.,LockOut/TagOutrulesaredesignedt

25、opreventtheaccidentalstart-upofmachinery.Imaginewhatcouldhappentoyourhandifsomeoneaccidentallystartedamachinewhileyourhandwasinside,adjustingormakingrepairs.Youcanpreventthisfromhappeningbyfollowinglockout/tagoutproceduresanytimeyouhavetorepair,oil,oradjustamachine.,7,上锁/贴标签的规定是为避免意外启动机器。想象一下，当你的手在机

26、器内调试或修理时，机器突然启动会发生什么？进行机器的维修、上油或调试工作前，若遵循上锁/挂标签程序，可以避免此类危害事故的发生。,Cleanupwitharagorabrush-notyourfingersorhands.用抹布或刷子擦拭，不要用手指或手,Protectyourhandsbyusingaragorabrushforcleaning.Itsalsoagoodideatoweargloveswhenyourecleaningtopreventinjury.Dontuseanairhoseinplaceofabrushorvacuum.Theair-streamcouldsendpr

27、ojectilesthroughtheairposingahazardforanypersonorobjectinitspath.,8,为保护双手，要用抹布或刷子清洁，或戴手套也能避免手的伤害。禁止用压缩空气代替刷子或吸尘器。气流的冲击力可能会伤及任何在其前方的人或物体。,KnowtheDangerZones了解危险区域,9,危险区域可能是：被旋转设备夹住；带电的系统-没有执行上锁程序；被物体撞到或撞到物体上；被夹持点夹住；不当使用电动工具；接触到热的物体或材料；接触到腐蚀性材料；被尖利的物体碰到或撞击；不良的卫生习惯；重复的机械动作/设备设计不合理；包扎伤口方法不当；.手或身体的位置不当。,

28、DANGERZONESCOULDBE:HHandlingorstruckbysharpobjects.CCaughtinrotatingequipment.EEnergizedSystems.-NoLOCKOUTSStruckbyoragainstobjects.CCaughtinpinchpoints.MMis-useofportablepowertools.CContactwithhotobjectsormaterials.CContactwithcausticorcorrosivematerials.PPoorhygienepractices.RRepetitivemotion/poor

29、equipmentdesign.IImproperlydressedwounds.PPoorhandorbodyposition.,Keepyourhandsclean.Dontignoreanyhandinjuries.Knowthesignsofdermatitisandotherskindisorders.Getpromptmedicalattentionwhenrequired.保持手的清洁。不要忽视任何可能的伤害。了解皮炎的症状或其它皮肤病。必要时要立即就医。,Protectyourhandsbykeepingthemascleanaspossibleatalltimes.Washt

30、hemimmediatelyafterdirectexposuretoanychemicalsandalwaysbeforeyoueat,smoke,orapplylotionormakeup.Useapprovedcleanerswhenwashingyourhands.Iftheybecomedryandchapped,applyamoisturizer.Getpromptmedicalattentionforanyhandinjury.Aminorinjurycanturnintoamajoroneifyoudontattendtoitrightaway.,10,尽可能始终保持手部清洁以

31、保护您的双手。接触任何化学品后要立刻洗手，并且在吃饭、吸烟及化妆前都要洗手，且洗手液要是检验合格的产品。若手有干裂迹象，要用保湿护肤品。如有任何损伤，立即就医。若重视不够，小病也会变大病。,Concentrateonwhatyouredoing.Thinkaboutyourhandsandguardthemeveryminute.专心工作，记着自己的双手并时刻保护好,Howmanytimeshaveyoureachedforsomethingwithoutlookingwhereyourhandwasgoing?Whenyourecareless,preoccupied,oroverconfi

32、dent,youreonlyreachingfortrouble.Takecareofyourhandsbywatchingwheretheyregoingatalltimes.Iftheareaisdark,turnonlightsbeforeyoureachinwithyourhands.Iftheareaisdirtyputontheappropriategloves.Inotherwords,takeproactivestepstoprotectyourhandsfromharm.还记得有多少次，连看也不看就用手去拿东西？如果你太粗心、太专注别的事情，或太过自负，那么你拿到的可能就是麻烦。关照你的手，随时知道它们的去向。如果太黑，去拿东西前先把灯打开。若物体脏，拿之前先戴好手套。换句话说，任何操作都要有预防措施，以保护你的双手免受伤害。,HandSafetyAuditTool,DangerZone!,SafetyBuffer,PrimaryLev