中考英语专题复习专题十七完形填空第5讲完形填空Thepowerofstory

PAGEPAGE13专题十七完形填空第5讲ThePowerofStory教学目标教学目标1.驾驭本篇完形填空中出现的高频词及长难句。2.驾驭完形填空的解题技巧，并能够指出本篇完形填空中运用到的解题技巧。3.通过完形填空高频词、长难句等语料的积累，及完形填空解题技巧的练习，敏捷应对各种完形填空题。名师点拨名师点拨学问篇“巧妇难为无米之炊”，在英语学习的过程中，语料的积累至关重要。对于完形填空高频词和长难句的梳理，能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。敬爱的同学，老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句，快来看看你驾驭了吗？一、高频词【课前检测学生的词汇量储备,以老师提问的形式进行。具体运用中可以删去词义词性部分，给小例句提示。并标记出学生的实际驾驭状况（优—良—差）】单词词性及词义示例备注驾驭状况powern.1)影响力2)权力3)力气v.驱动ThePowerofStoryThecarispoweredbyengine.相关词：powerfuldisappearv.消逝；不见…mydogGraciedisappearedsixyearsago.相关词：appear“dis-”表否定的前缀believev.信任；认为IreallylearnedwhatIbelieve.相关词：beliefsearchv.搜查Wesearchedtheneighborhoodforhours…lostadj.1)迷路的2)丢失的3)茫然无措的Ifeltsolostaftermydogislost.patientlyadv.耐性的相关词：patient;patienceendlesslyadv.无止境地；不断地Searchendlessly相关词：endlessfaithn.信任；信念；信仰ItoldherlosingGraciewaslikelosingfaithineverything.相关词：faithfuladventuren.冒险imaginev.想象Sheimaginedwalkingintoaforestandenjoyingthefreshair.相关词：imaginationwaitv.等待supportv./n.1)支持2)养活3)支撑Hehasabigfamilytosupport.相关词：supportermovedadj.感动的相关词：movingreasonableadj.合理的；公道的相关词：reasonunreasonableordern.1)次序2)吩咐3)订单v.1)吩咐2)订购,点菜Theofficerorderedthemtofire.remindv.提示；使想起HeremindedherofSantaClaus.suggestv.1)建议2)表明;示意Isuggestthatwegoouttoeat.Alltheevidencesuggeststhathestolethemoney.相关词：suggestion;advice;advise;lastingadj.长久的lastingfriendships相关词：lastputup1)张贴2)搭建3)提高Weputupadvertisements.lookup1)+sb探望2)+sth查阅3)+tosb敬重Ilookeditupinthedictionary.buildup1)创建2)增加setup1)建起2)安装好3)开办makeup1)构成2)编造3)铺床4)弥补giveup放弃dealwith处理；解决相关词：dowith;holdonto抓紧holdsth.together使保持团结It’swhatholdsourlifetogether.二、长难句【课前检测学生的句型储备,以老师提问的形式进行。可以依据提示分析句子结构完成句子翻译。】1.WhenmydogGraciedisappearedsixyearsago,IreallylearnedwhatIbelieve.结构分析：_________________________________________________________________________________本句含有when引导的时间状语从句，表示“当…时候”和what引导的宾语从句。句子翻译：_________________________________________________________________________________当我的小狗Gracie六年前失踪后，我真正学到我所信任的。仿句练习：读书的时候，你最好记录下你认为对你有帮助的内容。

When

you

read

a

book,

you’d

better

writedownwhatyouthinkishelpfultoyou.___________________________________________________________________________________________2.…bydark,wereturnedhome,exhausted(精疲力竭).结构分析：_________________________________________________________________________________本句含有“形容词exhausted”做主语补语的结构，表明主语的状态。句子翻译：_________________________________________________________________________________天黑时，我们精疲力竭地回家了。仿句练习：天黑时，我们又累又饿地回到家里。Bydark,wereturnedhome,tiredandhungry.___________________________________________________________________________________________3.IfIknewshehadfoundabetterhome,Iwouldbe______(33)yetrelieved(放心的).结构分析：_________________________________________________________________________________本句含有if引导的条件状语从句，表示假如；本句中的“yet”表示转折，意为“但是”。句子翻译：_________________________________________________________________________________假如我知道她有了一个好去处，我会____但是会放心些。仿句练习：假如我们多关爱地球，就会拥有一个更美妙的世界。Ifwepaymuchattentiontotheearth,we'llhaveabetterworld.___________________________________________________________________________________________4.Asonewritersaid,all(that)wehaveisstories.It’swhatholdsourlifetogether.结构分析：_________________________________________________________________________________本句含有1.“as引导的非限制性定语从句”意为“正如…”；2.省略that的定语从句“(that)wehave”修饰all；3.what引导的表语从句。句子翻译：_________________________________________________________________________________正如一位作家所说，我们所拥有的一切都是故事。它使我们的生活凝合到一起。仿句练习：众所周知，那些做一般简洁工作的人也在为社会的发展做贡献。Asweallknow,thosewhodosimpleandordinaryjobsarealsomakingacontributiontothedevelopmentofthesociety.___________________________________________________________________________________________5.Whynotimaginenowthatshewasoffonanadventureexploringherwolfside?结构分析：_________________________________________________________________________________本句含有1.“whynot…”结构，表示“为什么不…呢？”；2.that引导的宾语从句句子翻译：_________________________________________________________________________________为什么不想象现在她正在冒险探究她狼的那一面呢？仿句练习：为什么不加入我们呢？Whynotjoinus?___________________________________________________________________________________________方法篇 “方法得当,事半功倍。”只有语料的积累，没有好方法的协助也是不够的。对于完形填空解题方法的梳理，能够帮助我们更好地理解完形填空的命题逻辑，在有足够语料积累的基础上，能够帮助我们争取高分。敬爱的同学，老师已经为你细心整理了完形填空的解题技巧，快来看看你驾驭了多少？一、完形填空解题步骤第一步通读全文，把握脉络跳过空格，速读全文，把握大意。留意文中的语篇关键词，和句中的连词，如but出现后就说明句子强调的重点是but后面的内容；再如代词it指代的定是前文的单数或者不行数名词。找到关键词可以帮助我们驾驭文章的也许意思及其想要传达的寓意。其次步瞻前顾后，上下求索联系上下文，运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，抓住文章中的上下文线索词。【具体的解题策略会在下一部分具体描述】第三步再读文章，核查答案代入答案，再读全文，反复检查，争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。二、完形填空解题策略方法方法一：词汇复现法说明“词汇复现”是指某一词汇以原词、词形改变(如protect和protection)、同义词/近义词(如road和trail)、反义词(如wrong和correct)、上下义词(上下义是指词的总结和分解关系，上义词是总称词，下义词是被包含的个体或种类。如adult是myfather的上义词；coat是clothes的下义词)等重复出现在语篇之中。例题例1：Heisverykindandfriendlytoothers.Becauseofhis___________,heisquitepopularwiththepeoplearoundhim.A.abilityB.honestyC.relationshipD.kindness【分析：通过上文“Heisverykindandfriendlytoothers”，由“kind”可知因为他的“和善友好”他很受欢迎。故选D。】例2：Theoldmantendstoforgetthingsfromtimetotime.Inotherwords,heismoreandmore_________.A.forgetfulB.unforgettableC.easy-goingD.hard-working【分析：通过上文“Theoldmantendstoforgetthingsfromtimetotime”，由“forget”可知他越来越“健忘”。故选A。（forgetful“健忘的”，unforgettable“难忘的”。）】方法方法二：上下文推理法说明“上下文推理法”是指依据对上下文的语义和整个语篇的理解，进行适当的推理推断，因此需重点留意挖空处的上下文语境，推断清晰所要表达的含义。例题例：Whenwetalked,Idiscovered（发觉）somedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle__17__thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhavefortyminutesineachclass.17.A.shorterB.longerC.earlierD.later【分析：通过上文“eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS”和下文“Weusuallyhavefortyminutesineachclass.”可知美国每节课是50分钟，中国每节课是40分钟，依据上下文可以推断出美国的课时比中国的长，故选B。】方法方法三：逻辑推理法说明“逻辑推理法”是依据文章的逻辑关系（如因果、并列、让步、转折、时间依次、目的、条件、选择等）进行适当的推理推断，因此需特殊留意挖空处表示逻辑关系的连词（如and表并列，but和however表转折，so表因果，firstofall、then和finally表依次等）。例题例1：MyyoungestcousinlikesChineseBeijingOperaverymuch,buthecan’tsing6.6.A.badly B.easily C.well D.excitedly【分析：通过上文“MyyoungestcousinlikesChineseBeijingOpera”和连词“but”，可以推断出前后存在转折关系，此处想要表达的含义是“喜爱但唱得不好”，故选C。】方法方法四：文化背景常识法说明“文化背景常识法”是指完形填空的文章内容往往与我们的文化生活、史地学问、生活科技等相关，有些内容是我们已经驾驭的生活常识，答题时要充分调动相关学问帮助我们分析、推断。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推断”经常交织在一起的，因为虽有背景常识，仍需简洁推理。需留意中外文化的差异性，不能总是用中国人看问题的角度来看待其它国家发生的事情。例题例：Therearemanykindsofanimalsintheworld.Elephantsarethe1animalsthatliveonland.Onlysomekindsofwhales(鲸鱼)arebiggerthanelephants,buttheyliveinthe2.1.A.biggestB.smallestC.smallerD.bigger2.A.riverB.lakeC.seaD.forest【分析：第1题，众所周知：大象是陆地上最大的动物，故选A.biggest。第2题，众所周知：鲸鱼生活在大海里，故选C.sea。】方法方法五：固定搭配法说明完形填空以语境考查为主，但也有小部分题目考查语法学问、固定搭配和固定句型，解题过程中我们须要结合所学固定搭配选出正确答案。例题例1：Whentwopeopleareinaconversation,thespeakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotime,inordertomakesurethatthelistenerdoespayattention13whatheorsheisspeaking…13.A.forB.ofC.withD.to【分析：考查固定短语“payattentionto留意”，故选D。】例2：…butwewererelaxedwhenwewerelyingonthebeach.We10somephotosthere.10.A.gotB.broughtC.boughtD.took【分析：考查固定短语“takephotos拍照”，故选D。】语篇精讲语篇精讲障碍阅读【遵循完形填空“先完意，后完形”的原则，指导学生在障碍阅读的前提下领悟文章的主要意思，防止学生理解跑偏】（西城二模）ThePowerofStoryWhenmydogGraciedisappearedsixyearsago,IreallylearnedwhatIbelieve.Gracieescapedfromourbackyardaround2:00p.m.Wesearchedtheneighborhoodforhoursbuthadno______(31).Weputupadvertisements,andbydark,wereturnedhome,exhausted(精疲力竭).Onthesecondday,Icalledmyanimaldoctor,theSPCA,andtheanimalshelter(收容所).Nothing.Ifeltlost.IfIknewGraciehadbeen______(32),Iwouldhavebeenheartbroken.IfIknewshewascaughtsomewhere,Iwouldsaveher.IfIknewshehadfoundabetterhome,Iwouldbe______(33)yetrelieved(放心的).ButhowdoIdealwiththeunknown?Waitpatiently?Searchendlessly?Giveup?Thethirdday,whileIwassearchinginthewoodswithmyfriendRhea,ItoldherlosingGraciewaslikelosingfaith(信任)ineverything.Rheasmiledandsaid,“Youknow,maybeGracie’sonagreatadventure.”Itseems______(34),butIfeltbetterthen.Rhea’swords______(35)mewhat,asawriter,Isurelyhavefaithin:thepowerofstory.Asonewritersaid,allwehaveisstories.It’swhatholdsourlifetogether.Wecallstoriesscience,somestoriesmyth(神话),butimaginehearingforthefirsttimethattheworldmayberound.Suchstoriesonlybecomerealwhenwe______(36)them.Andsomestoriesareneversupportedwithscientificfacts,buttheystillseemtoholdtrue.Forexample,tenyearsearlier,I’ddreamtthatIshouldgeta______(37),andbythatevening,Graciecameintomylife.Whenpeoplewouldaskwhatkindofdogshewas,IwouldsayMuppetwolfterrier(小猎狗).ItwassomethingI______(38)becauseIbelievedGraciewashalfdog,halfwolf.Sowhynotimaginenowthatshewasoffonanadventureexploringherwolfside?Thefourthdaystartedwithmefindinga______(39)onthesidewalk,I’dalwaysthoughtoffindingmoneyasagoodsign.AndIwassureGraciewouldcomehomeonthefifthday.Iguessitwasanotherstorytoholdonto.OnDayFive,Iwasatafriend’shousewhenherphonerang.IknewimmediatelyitwasnewsaboutGracie.AndIwasright.WhenIfinallysawherinmyhallway,Icried.“Mywolfdaysare______(40).”Gracieseemedtosay.“I’mbacktobeingadog”.OrsoisthestoryIchoosetobelieve.文章大意为（只给出关键词即可）________________________________________________________________参考关键词：thepowerofstory;dog;disappear;havefaithin;story;better参考答案：whenhisdogdisappearedsixyearsago,thewriterrealizedthepowerofstory.【注：程度比较好的学生可以进行无选项填空训练】语篇练习话题体裁词数建议用时实际用时正确率难度人生感悟类记叙文44612-15分钟__/10（西城二模）ThePowerofStoryWhenmydogGraciedisappearedsixyearsago,IreallylearnedwhatIbelieve.Gracieescapedfromourbackyardaround2:00p.m.Wesearchedtheneighborhoodforhoursbuthadno______(31).Weputupadvertisements,andbydark,wereturnedhome,exhausted(精疲力竭).Onthesecondday,Icalledmyanimaldoctor,theSPCA,andtheanimalshelter(收容所).Nothing.Ifeltlost.IfIknewGraciehadbeen______(32),Iwouldhavebeenheartbroken.IfIknewshewascaughtsomewhere,Iwouldsaveher.IfIknewshehadfoundabetterhome,Iwouldbe______(33)yetrelieved(放心的).ButhowdoIdealwiththeunknown?Waitpatiently?Searchendlessly?Giveup?Thethirdday,whileIwassearchinginthewoodswithmyfriendRhea,ItoldherlosingGraciewaslikelosingfaith(信任)ineverything.Rheasmiledandsaid,“Youknow,maybeGracie’sonagreatadventure.”Itseems______(34),butIfeltbetterthen.Rhea’swords______(35)mewhat,asawriter,Isurelyhavefaithin:thepowerofstory.Asonewritersaid,allwehaveisstories.It’swhatholdsourlifetogether.Wecallstoriesscience,somestoriesmyth(神话),butimaginehearingforthefirsttimethattheworldmayberound.Suchstoriesonlybecomerealwhenwe______(36)them.Andsomestoriesareneversupportedwithscientificfacts,buttheystillseemtoholdtrue.Forexample,tenyearsearlier,I’ddreamtthatIshouldgeta______(37),andbythatevening,Graciecameintomylife.Whenpeoplewouldaskwhatkindofdogshewas,IwouldsayMuppetwolfterrier(小猎狗).ItwassomethingI______(38)becauseIbelievedGraciewashalfdog,halfwolf.Sowhynotimaginenowthatshewasoffonanadventureexploringherwolfside?Thefourthdaystartedwithmefindinga______(39)onthesidewalk,I’dalwaysthoughtoffindingmoneyasagoodsign.AndIwassureGraciewouldcomehomeonthefifthday.Iguessitwasanotherstorytoholdonto.OnDayFive,Iwasatafriend’shousewhenherphonerang.IknewimmediatelyitwasnewsaboutGracie.AndIwasright.WhenIfinallysawherinmyhallway,Icried.“Mywolfdaysare______(40).”Gracieseemedtosay.“I’mbacktobeingadog”.OrsoisthestoryIchoosetobelieve.31.A.luck B.reason C.good D.problem32.A.kept B.sold C.stolen D.killed33.A.mad B.worried C.sad D.moved34.A.right B.strange C.reasonable D.real35.A.ordered B.warned C.reminded D.suggested36.A.hear B.know C.believe D.read37.A.dog B.prize C.story D.house38.A.lookedup B.builtup C.setup D.madeup39.A.card B.coin C.phone D.book40.A.lasting B.exciting C.short D.over语篇精讲：参考答案：31—35ADCBC36—40CADBD文章大意：本文作者通过讲解并描述六年前他丢失他的小狗的经验以及心路历程，阐述了故事的力气。答案解析：31.通过上文“Wesearchedtheneighborhoodforhours”和转折连词“but”，可推断出他们找了很久但是没找到，havenoluck没有好运气，这里指没有找到小狗，故选A。32.通过下文“Iwouldhavebeenheartbroken.”可知作者会心碎，因此可以推断出前后存在因果关系，上文的意思应当是指假如它被杀了，故选D。33.通过上文“IfIknewshehadfoundabetterhome”和下文“yetrelieved(放心的)”，及结合生活常识，可知比起遭受不幸，小狗有个好去处是一件让人放心但是仍旧会因为它的离开而难受。故选C。34.通过转折连词“but”可知前后存在转折关系，下文表达“我感觉好多了”，上文的意思应当与其相对，只有B符合语境，故选B。35.通过下文作者回忆起以前的事情可知，这些都是听了挚友的话后想起来的，故选C。36.通过前文“Isurelyhavefaithin:thepowerofstory.”可知作者信任故事的力气，因此可以推断出这里指的是“那些故事会变成真的，当我们信任它们的时候。”，故选C。37.通过下文“Graciecameintomylife.Whenpeoplewouldaskwhatkindofdogshewas,”可推断出作者梦见他有了一只狗。故选A。38.通过下文“becauseIbelievedGraciewashalfdog,halfwolf.”可知“因为我信任它一半是狗，一半是狼”，可推断出那是作者编造的，故选D。39.通过下文“I’dalwaysthoughtoffindingmoneyasagoodsign.”可知作者是发觉了钱，故选B.coin。40.通过前文“IbelievedGraciewashalfdog,halfwolf.”和下文“I’mbacktobeingadog”，可推断出它作为狼的日子结束了。精讲笔记【学生在老师的指导下，回顾本讲中积累的完形填空的学问和方法】语篇中积累的词汇【至少驾驭10个】单词词性及词义单词的运用（激励学生用所学词汇造句）realize…语篇中的学到的方法【依据具体教学状况归纳总结】【至少驾驭2个】方法一：词汇复现法如：本篇文章中的39.(coin)…方法二：上下文推理法方法三：逻辑推理法方法四：文化背景常识法方法五：固定搭配法实力提升实力提升基础过关一、词汇/短语翻译单词词性、词义备注1powern.1)影响力2)权力3)力气v._______提示：Thecarispoweredbyengine.2_______v.消逝；不见3_______v.信任；认为4_______v.搜查5lostadj.1)迷路的2)丢失的3)_______翻译：Ifeltsolostaftermydogislost.6_______adv.耐性的7endlessly_______8_______n.信任；信念；信仰9_______n.冒险10_______v.想象翻译：她想象着走进一片森林，呼吸簇新的空气。11_______v.等待12supportv./n.1)_______2)_______3)支撑翻译：Hehasabigfamilytosupport.13reasonable_______14_______n.1)次序2)吩咐15_______v.提示；使想起16suggestv.1)建议2)_______翻译：Alltheevidencesuggeststhathestolethemoney.17lasting_______18_______v.警告19putup_______提示：Weputupadvertisements.20lookup1)+sb_______2)+sth_______3)+tosb_______提示：Ilookeditupinthedictionary.21buildup_______提示:Youneedmoreexercisetobuildyouup.22setup_______提示：Theysetupaworkingpartytolookintotheissue.23makeup_______提示：ItwassomethingImadeupbecauseIbelievedGraciewashalfdog,halfwolf.24giveup_______提示：We’llnevergiveupuntilthegoalisreached.25dealwith_______26holdonto_______27holdsth.together_______二、句子翻译1.当我的小狗Gracie六年前失踪后，我真正学到我所信任的。_______________________________________________________________________________________2.天黑时，我们精疲力竭地回家了。_______________________________________________________________________________________3.假如我知道她有了一个好去处，我会难受但是会放心些。_______________________________________________________________________________________4.我告知她失去Gracie就像失去对一切的信念一样。_______________________________________________________________________________________5.正如一位作家所说，我们所拥有的一切都是故事。_______________________________________________________________________________________完形练习（西城二模）JohnandMaryhadanicehomeandtwolovelychildren,aboyandagirl.OnceJohnwasaskedtogoonabusinesstripandMaryneededtogoalongtoo.Theyfoundababysittertocareforthe31

andmadethetrip,returninghomealittleearlierthantheyhadplanned.Astheydroveintotheirhometown,they32

smoke,andtheywenttoseewhatitwas.Theyfoundahomeonfire.Marysaid,"Oh,well,itisn'tourhome.Let'sgo."ButJohndrove33

andsaid,"ThehomebelongstoFredJoneswhoworksatthefactory.Hewouldn'tbeoffworkyet,maybethere'ssomethingwewoulddo.""Ithasnothingtodowithus,"saidMary.ButJohndroveup,stoppedandfoundthewholehouseonfire.Awomaninthestreetwascrying,"Thechildren!34

thechildren!"Johngrabbed(抓)herbytheshouldersaying,"Getaholdofyourselfandtelluswherethechildrenare!""Inthe35

,"criedthewoman,"downthehallandtotheleft."AlthoughMarydidn'tagree,Johnwethisclothesand36

forthebathroomwhichwasfullofsmokeandheat.Hefoundthedoorandgrabbedtwochildren,holdingoneundereacharm.Ashelefthecouldhearsomeothersoundlikecrying.Hesentthetwobadly37

andnearlysuffocated(窒息)childrenintowaitingarms.Thenhewastoldtwomorechildrenwerestillinthere.Marygrabbedhisarmandshouted,"John!Don'tgoback!Thathousewillfalldowninanysecond!"Butheshookheroffandwentbackby38

hiswaydownthesmoke-filledhallwayandintotheroom.Itseemedacenturyhadpassed39

hefoundbothchildrenandstartedback.Theywerecoughingandheloweredhisbodytryingtogetsome40

.Ashewalkeduptheendlesssteps,thethoughtwentthroughhismindthattherewassomethingstrangelyfamiliaraboutthelittlebodies,andatlastwhentheycameoutintothesunlightandfreshair,hefoundthathehadjustsavedhisownchildren.Thebabysitterhadleftthematthishomewhileshedidsomeshopping.31.A.children B.pet C.garden D.business32.A.watched B.recognized C.noticed D.realized33.A.farther B.