备战2025年高考英语二轮复习专题4：语篇填空 第3讲 冠词、代词和介词

第3讲冠词、代词和介词WPS,aclicktounlimitedpossibilities汇报人：技法点拨

第一步:确定是否填冠词首先,分析句子结构,看空后是否有名词。第二步:判断是特指还是泛指(1)若设空后有单数可数名词,搭配后表示泛指时,应考虑不定冠词a/an;(2)若设空后有名词,搭配后表示特指时,应考虑定冠词the;(3)看是不是固定搭配。

技法1如何确定填冠词典型例题1.(2023浙江1月卷)Incontrasttothecourtlifeandupper-classculturerepresentedbytheForbiddenCity,theSummerPalace,andtheTempleofHeaven,thehutongsreflect____________cultureofgrassrootsBeijingers.2.(2023新课标Ⅰ卷)Themeatshouldbefreshwith_____

touchofsweetness,andthesouphot,clearanddelicious.3.(2022全国甲卷)____________friendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobehiscompanionduringthetrip.theaA解析1.考查冠词。分析句子结构可知,设空后为名词culture,有限定词ofgrassrootsBeijingers,应用冠词修饰表特指。2.考查冠词。atouchof意为“少许,微量”,是固定搭配。3.考查冠词。名词friend前没有限定词,应用冠词。结合句意可知,此处指“他的一个朋友”,属于泛指,故应用不定冠词。friend的发音以辅音音素开头,故应用不定冠词a。空处位于句首,首字母应该大写,故填A。泛指不定冠词a/an用在首次提到的或没有限定的单数可数名词前表示泛指特指1.特指上文提到的人或物,用定冠词the2.特指被限制性修饰语加以限定的人或物,用定冠词the3.特指表示双方所默认的特定的人或物,用定冠词the类指1.不定冠词a/an用于表示事物的可数名词前表示“一类人或物”,如ahorse,avirus2.定冠词用于形容词前表示“一类人或物”,如therich,thepoor等特殊手法1.以元音字母开头的单词前用a的特殊词:university,uniform,European,unit,useful,usual,unique等2.以辅音字母开头的单词前用an的特殊词:hour,honour,honest等3.固定搭配中的冠词:inthechargeof,asaresult等4.a/an加序数词表示“另一,又一”,如asecondchance意为“再一次机会”[名师点津]冠词的用法语篇填空考查代词有两种考查方式:有提示词类和无提示词类。人称代词及物主代词多以有提示词的形式出现,已经在前面讲到。无提示词类主要考查it的用法。技法点拨

发现句子缺少形式主语或形式宾语时,应考虑it。

典型例题(浙江6月卷)Manywesternerswho/thatcometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap

canbetoeatout.解析考查代词。分析句子结构可知,it为形式主语,toeatout为真正的主语。it技法2如何确定填代词[名师点津]it的用法(1)指代天气、时间、距离等;(2)代替上文提到过的事物;(3)可作形式主语或形式宾语;(4)it常用的固定句型:①Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分.正是……某事(物)/某人才……②It+be+adj.+of/forsbtodosth.对某人来说做某事是……的。③Itisnogood/nouse/useless/awasteoftimedoingsth.做某事不好/没用/浪费时间。④sbhates/likes/enjoysitthat...某人讨厌/喜欢……⑤whenitcomesto...当谈到……⑥assbputsit正如某人所言⑦makeit成功技法点拨

第一步:确定是否填介词首先,分析句子结构,发现名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时,其前面一般填介词。第二步:根据句意及固定搭配确定答案分析句子结构,发现设空处在名词前后时,应考虑名词与介词的搭配;分析句子结构,发现设空处在不及物动词后名词前时,应考虑动词与介词的搭配;分析句子结构,发现设空处在形容词后名词前时,应考虑形容词与介词的搭配。

技法3如何确定填介词典型例题1.(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)IhappentoknowthatTang’splayThe

Peony

Pavilion(《牡丹亭》)issimilarinsomeways__________

Romeo

and

Juliet.2.(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)TheGlasshousestands___________

agreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapathretracing(追溯)thestepsalongtheSilkRoutewhichbroughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatocometodefinemuchoftherichnessofgardeninginEngland.3.(2024全国甲卷)Thisarea,withitsuniqueandbreathtakingnaturalbeauty,mustbewellpreserved____________allpeopleofthenationtoenjoy—asanationalpark.to

asfor解析1.考查介词。此处考查固定短语besimilarto,表示“与……相似”。故填to。2.考查介词。作为当代设计的伟大成就,玻璃屋矗立着。根据语境语义填as,此处非固定搭配。3.考查介词。结合句意,这里表示“为了”,用介词for。句意:这个地区必须为了供全国人民欣赏得到很好的保护。[名师点津]常用的介词(短语):(1)方位介词:at,in,on,to,above,across,along,among,around,below,beside,between,down,near,off,over,through,towards,under,up等。(2)时间介词:after,at,before,by,during,for,from,in,on,over,since,through,till,until,within,between等。(3)表示工具、手段、方式的介词:by,on,over,with,in等。(4)表示原因的介词:with,for,from,of,over等。(5)表示支持、反对的介词:for,against等。(6)表示“除……之外”的介词:besides,except,exceptfor,but,apartfrom等。(7)表示有或没有的介词:with,without等。(8)其他常用的介词:like,unlike,next,opposite,considering,including,regarding,concerning等。(9)常用的介词短语:accordingto,becauseof,insteadof,upto,dueto,owingto,thanksto,butfor等。课堂应用Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Asitispurelyandfairlyclearandrichincolor,theregoesthesayingthatnowaterisworthyourattentionafteryourvisit

Jiuzhaigou.

2.Zhouhasbeenofferedopportunitiestogoabroadandexchangeexperience

peersoverseas.

3.IthaswontheloveofthemajorityofpeopleinChinaandbeenregarded

oneofthebestmatchesforrice.

4.Susanmade

cleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.

towithasit5.Chensays,“Ifeel

ourresponsibilitytocommunicateaboutthecharmoftheprimitiveinscriptionwiththeyoungergenerationsandforeigners.”6.Peoplewon’tpayattentiontoyouwhentheystillhavealotofideasoftheirowncrying

expression.

7.Whentheroverfinallyapproachedtheobject,itturnedouttobe__________rabbit-shapedrock.

8.

wasacustomforpeopletohangpeachwoodcharmstodriveawayevilspiritsduringtheSpringFestival.

9.Oneday,whenwelookupatthesky,wemayfindthatmanysatellitesin

vastuniversearelookingbackatus.

10.Alivingtreeisthus

importantstoragesiteforcarbonwhichmightotherwisebeaddedtothelevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmosphere.

itforaIttheanⅡ.语篇填空A(2024河北衡水示范性高中三模)Thecenturies-oldtraditionalChinesemedicinescraping(刮)massage,guasha,hasbecomeafashionamongyoungpeopleonthemainlandwhoshowoffthebruises(淤青)itcreates.Ontheyouthlifestylesocialmediaplatform,ayoungwomanusingtheaccountname@huapostedpicturesofherselfwearingaT-shirt,inwhichsheshowedherbruises1.

describedthemas“cool”.Sheisoneofmanywhoregardguashaasanefficientwaytoeasemusclepainsand2.

(tired).

andtirednessManyshared3.

(they)guashaexperiencesandtips,suchasusinghomemadescrapingtoolsanddifferentmeridians(经脉)onthebodytorelax.

4.

(translate)fromjingmaiinChinese,themeridiansrefertopathsthroughwhichthelifeenergy5.

(flow)inthebodyandtoorgans.

Thepractice,alsoknownasscrapingandcoining,is6.

formoftraditionalChinesemassage(按摩)thatusesasmallandflattooltoscrapethesurfaceofskinalongthemeridians,7.

(leave)redbruisingasasignofreleasedtoxins.

theirTranslatedflowsaleavingThefolktreatment8.

originatedinancientChinahasenjoyedhugepopularityamongtheoldergeneration.Thetreatmentisusedfor9.

(condition)considerednotseriousenoughtogotohospital,accordingtoanarticleinthemagazineSanlian

Life

Lab.

Somedescribeguashaas“theChinesewaytocurethestressfromtheworkplace”sayingthepainandtearsasessionbringsare10.

(pleasurable)thanpartiesoraweekendattheseaside.that/whichconditionsmorepleasurable答案与解析【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的传统中医刮痧被越来越多的年轻人所接受。1.and考查连词。此处连接showed和described这两个动词应用连词and。故填and。2.tiredness考查词性转换。根据painsand可知,此处应该用名词形式。故填tiredness。3.their考查代词。修饰下文experiencesandtips应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。4.Translated考查非谓语动词。此处translate与themeridians为被动关系,用过去分词形式作状语。首字母大写。故填Translated。5.flows考查动词的时态和主谓一致。主语energy为不可数名词,且这句话陈述的是一般事实,故此处的谓语动词应该用第三人称单数的形式。故填flows。6.a考查冠词。form是可数名词,表示泛指,且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。7.leaving考查非谓语动词。设空处与上文构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填leaving。8.that/which考查定语从句。定语从句修饰先行词treatment,关系词在从句作主语,指物。故填that/which。9.conditions考查名词的数。condition此处意为“疾病”,是可数名词,此处数量大于一,应用复数形式。故填conditions。10.morepleasurable考查形容词的比较级。根据后面than的提示可知,这里应该用pleasurable的比较级,在前面加more。故填morepleasurable。B(2024江苏徐州打靶试题)LocatedwithinHuzhou,ZhejiangProvince,XiaoxiStreetstandsasahistoricalandculturalprotectionblock.Itgracefullypreservesitsrichheritage1.

embracingtheessenceofmodernityperfectly.

With2.

(impress)buildingsdatingbacktothelateQingDynasty,thishistoricplace,situatedalongsidetheCaoduRiver,once3.

(serve)asajunctionplaceforancientcanaltransportation.Theriver,actingasavitalchannellinkingthemountainousregionsofJiangsu,Zhejiang,andAnhuiProvinces4.

Huzhoucity,playedasignificantroleintheprosperityofthisgreatlyrespectedblock.

whileimpressiveservedto/withThroughouthistory,XiaoxiStreetattractedhonoredfamilies,richmerchants,andgovernmentofficials,resultinginthe5.

(create)ofmassesofarchitecturalwondersthathavestoodthetestoftime.

creationAmongthesetreasures,theresidence(豪宅)ofNiuFubao,6.___________unusualQingDynastyofficial,standsasanoticeablehighlight.ConstructedbyamerchantfromHuizhou,thecomplex,7.

(display)distinctiveHuizhou-stylearchitecture,waslateracquiredbytheNiufamily.Remarkably,thecomplexboastsdelicatestonecarvingson8.

(it)doorsandararehigh-levelbeamstructure,carefully9.

(preserve)tothisday.Since2013,thelocalgovernmenthasundertakenacomprehensiveprojectaimedatprotectingthishistoricblock.Meanwhile,modernculturalindustries,includinggalleries,pottery-makingworkshopsandpubliclibraries,10.

(integrate)tobreatheyouthfulvitalityintothearea,transformingtheblockintoacenterofculturalandcreativeindustries.

andisplayingitspreservedhavebeenintegrated答案与解析【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要向我们介绍了浙江省湖州市境内的小西街的风景、建筑,以及小西街历史和文化意义。1.while考查连词。句子的主干部分是“Itgracefull