人教版2025年八年级英语下册 Unit 3【单元知识清单】

Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom？Unit3核心话题家务、杂务重点词汇1.n.杂乱；不整洁→adj.杂乱的；不整洁的2.v.厌恶；讨厌→n.厌恶；仇恨3.n.精神压力；心理负担/v.强调→adj.感到有压力的→adj.令人感到有压力的；紧张的4..v.依靠:信赖→adj.依靠的→adj.独立的；独立自主的→adv独立地→n.独立v.发展；壮大→n.发展→adj.发展中的→adj.发达的n.公正性；合理性→adj.合理的；公平的→adv.公平地；合理地→adj.不公平的；不公正的→adv不公正7.n.邻居→n.社区；临近街区8.adj.生病的→n.疾病重点短语__________________倒垃圾__________________扫地__________________待在外面;不在家4.__________________从事;创作5.__________________帮助做完某事6.__________________至少7.__________________扔下8.__________________在……前面9.__________________过来;顺便来访10.__________________带……去散步重点句型1.Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?你能打扫一下你的房间吗?2.Ihavetodosomework.我必须干些活。3.CouldIuseyourcomputer?我可以用一下你的电脑吗?4.Shewon'tbehappyifsheseesthismess.如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。5.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。6.MymomcameoverassoonasIsatdowninfrontoftheTV.我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。7.Ihatetodochores.我不喜欢做杂务。语法情态动词could的用法写作有关学生做家务发表观点词汇精讲考点1.takev.拿，采取，获得用法例句(1)takeout意为“把带出去” Pleasetakeouttherubbishwhenyougoout.(2)takeoff意为“脱下;起飞;请假”Takeoffyourwetclothes. Whendidtheplanetakeoff? Iwanttotakeadayoff. (3)takedown意为“写下，记下”Ididn’ttakedownhisphonenumber. (4)takeup意为“开始从事;占用”Iwanttotakeupwriting. (5)takeaway意为“拿走”Pleasetaketherubbishaway.It’ssmelly.【经典练】1．IfI________availablenextweekend,I________atriptoBeijing.A．am;take B．am;willtake C．willbe;take2．—________?—Yes.Abowlofbeefandtomatonoodles.A．MayItakeyourorder B．How’sitgoingC．Whatwouldyouliketodrink D．What’sthematter考点2.infrontof在 前面 用法 例句(1)infrontof（在事物外部的前面）+名词Thereisabigtreeinfrontoftheclassroom. (2)Inthefrontof在事物内部的前面+名词Thereisateacher’sdeskinthefrontoftheclassroom.【经典练】1．Look!Thereisablackboard________theclassroomandthereisabigtree________theclassroom.A．infrontof;infrontof B．inthefrontof;inthefrontofC．inthefrontof;infrontof D．infrontof;inthefrontof2．Walk________thisstreet,andyou’llfindthebookstore________thebank.A．down;inthefrontB．along;inthefrontofC．along;infrontof D．away;infrontof考点3.surprisen.&v.惊奇，诧异用法例句(1)insurprise意为“惊奇地”Tomlookedatmeinsurprise. (3)toone’ssurprise意为“使人吃惊的是”Tooursurprisetheboywonthe prize.(4)surprise作及物动词意为“使吃惊”：surprisesb.Hisprogresssurprisedme.(5)拓展：surprised为形容词，意为“吃惊的”，常用搭配为：besurprisedtodosth. Iwassurprisedtoseehimthere.(6)拓展：surprising 也为形容词，意为“令人吃惊的”Hegavemesomesurprisingnews.【经典练】1．Whatseemedmost________tomewasthatnoonethoughtofhisownsafety.A．surprised B．surprise C．surprising D．tosurprise2．—Youwonthevolleyballgame!Wepreparedagiftforyou.—________!Thankyou,myfriend!A．Cheerup B．Comeon C．Whatasurprise D．Nevermind3．It’sapieceof________newsandweareall________atit.A．surprising;surprise B．surprising;surprisedC．surprised;surprising D．surprised;surprise考点4.辨析：spend,cost,take和pay表“花费”时的区别 主语花费的东西搭配例句spend人时间/金钱(1)sb.spendtime/moneyonsth.意为“在上花费时间/金钱”(2)sb.spendtime/money(in)doingsth.意为“花费时间/金钱做某事” 例：Ispenttwohoursonthismathsproblem. 例：Theyspenttwoyears(in)building thisbridge.cost事物时间/金钱(doing)sth.costssb.事花费了某人多少时间/金钱Rememberingthesenewcosthimalotoftime.takeit/事时间Ittakes sb＋时间＋todosth.做某事花了某人多少时间Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad. pay 人金钱pay(sb.)moneyforsth.：付钱（给某人）买...Ihavetopaythem20poundsforthisroomeachmonth.【经典练】1．—HowmuchisthetickettoKunming?—Aone-wayticket________800yuan,andyoucan________another300yuanforaround-trip.A．costs;pay B．cost;spend C．pay;spend D．spends;pay2．It________thirtyminutestogettoXuzhouRailwayStationbyunderground.Maybetheticket________about5yuan.A．spends;costs B．takes;costsC．takes;spends D．spends;pays考点5.provide提供provide为应急等做好准备而“提供；供给”providesb.withsth.=providesthforsb.提供某人某物offer侧重表示“愿意给予”offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.对某人提供某物offertodosth主动提出干某事supply定期“供应”,强调替代或补充所需物品Supplysb.withsth=supplysth.tosb.为某人提供某物【经典练】1．TheEarthprovidesus_________air,waterandfood.Itisourhome.A．to B．for C．with D．by2．—Wouldyoupleaseprovideus________someinformationabouttheaccident?—Sure.Ithappened________themorningofSeptember5th.A．for;in B．with;in C．with;on考点6.invite及物动词，意为“邀请”。名词形式为invitation,意为“邀请；请柬”。其常见的用法有：invitesb.to+地点名词”意为“邀请某人到某地”。IinvitedJennytomyhouse.我邀请珍妮到我家。②invitesb.todosth.意为“邀请某人做某事”。Theyinvitemetoplaythegame.他们邀请我来玩这个游戏。【经典练】1．Wouldyouplease________them________usinthegames?A．inviting;join B．invite;tojoin C．toinvite;tojoin D．toinvite;join2．Iwon’tgotoTina’sbirthdaypartyunlessI________.A．aminviting B．willbeinvited C．wasinvited D．aminvited3．—Whowouldyoulike________joinyourbirthdayparty?—Myfriends.A．toinviteto B．toinvite C．invite D．invitingto考点7．depend依靠，依赖dependon意为“依靠；依赖”，主语通常是表示人的词，其中depend用作动词，意为“依靠；依赖”。Independence为名词独立，其形容词是independent独立的。Youcan'tdependonyourparentsforever.你不能永远依赖你的父母。［拓展］dependon其他的用法：①dependon意为“信赖”。YoucandependonthisEnglishdictionary.②dependon意为“取决于；视······而定”。Everythingdependsonwhetheryoupasstheexam.③Itdepends.看情况吧【经典练】1．—WhatisthebestwaytovisitNanjing?—________.WhenIdon’tneedtorush,I’dliketoseeitbybike.A．Noproblem B．Forgetit C．Withpleasure D．Itdepends2．Childrenthesedaysdepend________theirparentstoomuch.A．in B．at C．on D．of考点8.throwv.扔、掷threw-thrownthrowsb.sth.=throwsth.tosb.throwaway扔掉、抛弃、浪费throwat向…扔去throwto扔给【经典练】1．—Whatdoesthesignmean?—Itmeans“________”A．Youmustbequiethere. B．Don’twalkonthegrasshere. C．Youshouldn’tthrowrubbishhere.2．SinceHuangshiistrying________acivilizedcity(文明城市),youhadbetter________therubbisheverywhere.A．tocreate;notthrow B．creating;notthrowC．creating;don’tthrow D．tocreate;don’tthrow考点9.theminute(that)·一…就······theminute(that)意为“一·····就······”，引导时间状语从句，相当于themoment或者assoonas.例：I'lltellhertheminutethat/themomentthatshecomes.她一来我就告诉她。assoonas····“一·····就······”相当于前面学到的theminute(that).在含有assoonas引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，如果主句用一般将来时（或主句含情态动词，或主句为祈使句），从句应用一般现在时。例：Youcangoassoonashecomes.他来了你就可以走。【经典练】1．________Isatdowninfrontofthecomputer,mymomcameover.A．Theminute B．Aswellas C．If D．Aslongas2．—________isyourhomefromtheschool?

—Only________walk.A．Howfar;5minutes’B．Howfar;5minute’sC．Howlong;5minutes’ D．Howlong;5minutes考点10.pass给，递passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.,意为”把某物递给某人”。Hepassedmethemagazine.=Hepassedthemagazinetome.他把那本杂志递给了我。pass作动词的其他常见含义①走过；通过例：Theroadwassonarrowthatcarswereunabletopass.②及格，合格例：IwashappythatIpassedtheexam.【经典练】1．Morethanfivehundredstudents________thistestinthe________fewyears.A．havepasted;passedB．havepassed;passC．passed;past D．havepassed;past2．—I’dliketoreadthebookoverthere.Couldyoupass________,please?—Certainly.Hereyouare.A．meonit B．ittome C．itforme考点11.inorderto目的是，为了inorderto表示目的，后接动词原形，可位于句首，也可位于句中。例：Inordertofinishthereport,hestayedupverylate.拓展延伸inorderthat也表示＂为了”，其后要接从句。可与inorderto或sothat进行转换。例：Inordertocatchtheearlybus,hehastogetupearly.＝Hehastogetupearlyinorderthathecancatchtheearlybus.=Hehastogetupearlysothathecancatchtheearlybus.为了赶上早班车，他不得不早起。【经典练】1．________getlostintheforest,we’dbettertakeacompass(指南针)withus.A．Inorderto B．Don’tinorderto C．Inordernotto D．Inordertonot2．Thechildrenstartearlyinthemorning________gettoschoolontimebecausetheirschoolisfarfromtheirhomes.A．inorder B．inorderto C．inorderthat D．sothat考点12.fairnessn.公正性；合理性为不可数名词。例：Thejudgewasamanoffairness.这位法官是一个是非公正的人。fairadj.公正的fairnessn.公平性；合理性unfairadj.不公正的unfairnessn.不公平；不合理【经典练】1．—DidyouwatchtheshowReadersonCCTV1lastnight?—Yes.It’sveryeducational.Ittellsofthe________ofreadingclassic.A．importance B．habits C．fairness D．independence2．Inthiscompetition，it's____togiveeachstudentfifteenminutestotalk.A．sad B．fair C．dangerous D．delicious考点13.since因为；既然；从······以后；自······以来since在此处作连词，意为“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句，常位于句首。since表示的原因是众所周知或显而易见的。Sinceyoudon'tknowtheboy,I'llasksomeoneelse.拓展延伸:（1)作连词，意为“从······以后；自······以来”，其引导的时间状语从句常用一般过去时，主句多用现在完成时。例：Maryhaslivedheresinceshewasfive.玛丽从五岁起就一直住在这里。（2)作介词，意为“从······以后；自······以来＂，后接表示时间点的词或短语，句子的时态常用现在完成时。Shehasbeenheresincethreeo'clockthismorning.她从今天凌晨三点起就一直在这儿。（3)作副词，意为“从······以后；自······以来＂。常与现在完成时连用。Onceshegotsickfromeatingricenoodlesandshehasn'teatenthemsince.一次，她吃米线得了病，从那以后，她就再也没有吃过。【经典练】1．—HowdoyoulikeChina?—Greatchanges________sinceI________here8yearsago.A．havetakenplace;came B．havetakenplace;havecome C．tookplace;came2．She________thisbook________nearlythreeweeksago.A．hasborrowed;sinceB．hasborrowed;forC．haskept;for D．haskept;since考点14..takecareof照顾；处理takecareof意为“照顾；处理”，相当于lookafter或者carefor例：Canyouhelpmetakecareof/lookafter/careformylittlebrother?你能帮我照顾我弟弟吗？拓展延伸.takecare意为“小心；当心”，相当于becareful和lookoutTakecarethatyoudon'tdrinktoomuch!当心别喝得太多！【经典练】1．—CanyoucometomypartyonSaturday?—I’mafraidIcan’t.Ihavetotakecareofmybabysisterthisweekend.A．lookfor B．lookover C．lookafter2．—Didyou________agoodideatomakethemhappy?—Yes.IwilltakethemtowatchthemovieKungfuPanda4tonight.A．takecareof B．getoutof C．comeupwith D．lookforwardto考点15.stress意为“精神压力；心理负担”。既可以做可数名词，又可以做不可数名词，意为精神压力，心理负担。作可数名词复数时形式为stresses例：Peoplefinddifferentwaystodealwithstresses.人们找到各种不同的方法来应对压力。【经典练】1．WhenIlistentomusic，I____________andforgeteverythingthatIworryabout.A．feelrelaxed B．amstressed C．feelsad D．ammodest2．—Fewstudentslikeexamsbecausetheybringthestudents__________—Iagree.Ithinkfewerexamswillmakestudentsless______________A．stress;stressed B．stressed;stressC．stress;stress D．stressed;stressed考点16.while（1）while作连词时，可以意为“当……时候,和……同时”。例如：Ourfriendsarrivedwhilewewerehavingdinner.当我们吃饭的时候，朋友们来了。（2）while还可作并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表示两者之间的对比。例如：Ilikelisteningtomusic,whilemybrotherlikesdoingsports.我喜欢听音乐，而我的弟弟爱好运动。【知识拓展】while用法小结用法例句常用来引导时间状语从句，强调主句的动词和从句的动词所表示的动作或状态同时发生WhileIwasdoingmyhomeworklastnight,myparentswerewatchingTV.昨天晚上我在做作业时，我的父母在看电视。用作并列连词时，意为＂然而＂，表示对比Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothersdon’thaveenough.有些人浪费食物，然而有些人却没有足够的食物。作名词，意为＂一会儿；一段时间＂Weareoffforawhile.我们要离开一会儿。【经典练】1．Whilewe________,theteachercamein.A．discuss B．arediscussing C．discussed D．werediscussing2．—Excuseme,________youever________aUFO?—Yes,IsawoneintheskywhileI________backhomelastmonth.A．did;see;waswalking B．have;seen;walked C．have;seen;waswalking3．—Howfineitis!Let’splayfootball________.—Thatsoundsgood,butwecan’tplayfortoolong.A．forawhile B．forawalk C．forarest句式精讲考点17.Ithinkitisimportantforchildrentolearnhowtodochoresandhelptheirparentswithhousework.我认为对孩子们来说学习如何做家务和帮助父母做家务是很重要的。本句是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句，其句式结构如下：真正主语形式主语Ithink[itisimportantforchildrentolearnhowtodochoresandhelptheirparentswithhousework].真正主语形式主语在从句中，it是形式主语，不定式复合结构forchildrentolearnhowtodochoresandhelptheirparentswithhousework是真正的主语。【知识拓展】it作形式主语的用法(1)当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某句中作主语时，常用it作形式主语置于句首，而真正的主语放在句尾。(2)it作形式主语的三种常见句型结构：①It’s+adj.+todo...②It’s+adj.+forsb+todo...③It’s+adj.+ofsb+todo...(3)It’s+adj.+forsb+todo...与It’s+adj.+ofsb+todo...的用法辨析It’s+adj.+forsb+todo...句中的形容词常表示客观情况，如：hard，easy，important等It’s+adj.+ofsb+todo...句中的形容词常表示人的性格、品质与特点等，如kind，nice，clever等【经典练】1．Somestudentsfind________veryhard________intheearlymorning.A．is;togetup B．that;getup C．it;togetup D．it’s;getsup2．Somepeoplethink________awasteoftimetowatchshortvideosonline,buttheyjustcan’tstop.A．one B．it C．this D．that3．Ifound________hardtogetatickettotheChengduUniversityduringthesummervacation.A．that B．it C．this D．one4．Ifound________relaxingtotakeawalknearthelake.A．it B．those C．its D．that考点18.Couldyoupleasesweepthefloor?请你扫一下地好吗?此处情态动词could并非表示过去时态，而是表示委婉语气，后跟动词原形表达有礼貌地请求或请求允许做某事。表示请求时与please连用会使语气更加委婉。☞CouldIwatchTV?我可以看电视吗?☞—Couldyoupleasegivemeapieceofpaper?请你给我一张纸好吗？—Sure.Hereyouare.当然可以。给你。【知识拓展】1.常见表示委婉请求做某事的句型及其答语委婉请求：Couldyouplease+dosth?Couldyou+dosth?Wouldyouplease+dosth?Wouldyou+dosth?肯定回答：Sure./Ofcourse./Noproblem./I’dloveto.否定回答：Sorry./Sorry,Ican’t./I’dloveto,but...2.Couldyouplease...?句型的否定结构是在please后加not。☞Couldyoupleasenotmakenoises?请你不要制造噪音好吗？【经典练】1．—_________youpleasetellmehowtomakeapaperairplane?—Sure.First,weneedapieceofpaperandthen…A．Shall B．Could C．Must考点19.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.“neither+连系动词be/助动词／情态动词＋主语”表示“······也不”。这是一个倒装结构，表示前面否定的情况也同样适合后者。neither此处用作副词，也可用nor来替换，意为“也不”。Hedoesn'tlikeswimmingandneitherdoesTom.他不喜欢游泳，汤姆也不喜欢。Youcan'tspeakJapaneseandneithercanI.你不会说日语，我也不会。［拓展］①neither还可用作代词，意为“两者都不”，其反义词为both,意为“两者都”。Neitherofhisparentsknows/knowEnglish.他的父母都不懂英语。Neitheroftheanswersis/areright.两个答案都不对。②neither也可用作限定词，意为“两者都不（的）”，其后直接跟可数名词的单数形式。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Neitheranswerisright.两个答案都不对。【经典练】1．—ShallwegotothescienceandtechnologymuseumthisSaturdayorSunday?—________dayisOK.Wecanvisittherenextweek.A．Both B．Either C．Neither2．—Helen,haveyoueverbeentotheFujianProvincialMuseumwithJane?—________ofushas.Weplantogotherenextweek.A．Either B．Neither C．None3．—ShallwegotoWuyiMountainorQingyuanMountainthisweekend?—________isOK,aslongaswecangetclosetothenature.A．Both B．Either C．Neither一．语法精讲情态动词could的用法can的过去式can的过去式礼貌地请求提出建议推测could一、提出礼貌的请求could表示委婉地请求，其句型结构主要有：1.Couldyou+动词原形+...?2.Couldyouplease+动词原形+...?意为＂请你做……好吗?＂句型2比句型1语气更加委婉。肯定回答：Yes,sure./Sure./Ofcourse./Noproblem.否定回答：Sorry./Sorry,Ican’t.☞LiLei,couldyoupleasehelpme?李雷，请你帮我个忙好吗？☞—Couldyoucomeheresoon?你尽快过来，行吗？—Sure.当然可以。☞—Couldyoupleaseclosethewindow?请你关上窗户好吗？—I’mafraidnot.恐怕不行。【注意】其否定结构为：Couldyou（please）notdo...?【知识拓展】Wouldyouminddoingsth?也可表示请求，常用句型：Wouldyouplease+dosth?Wouldyou+dosth?肯定回答：Sure./Ofcourse./Noproblem./I’dloveto.否定回答：Sorry./Sorry,Ican’t./I’dloveto,but...☞—Wouldyoumindcleaningyourroom?你介意去打扫你的房间吗？—No.I’dliketo.不，我很乐意。二、表示请求许可1.could表示请求允许，其句型结构为：CouldI/we+动词原形+...?意为＂请问我（们）能做……吗?＂肯定回答：Sure./Ofcourse./Noproblem.否定回答：I’msorry/Sorry,youcan’t.若关系比较亲近，也可以直接说No,youcan’t.【温馨提示】在以上句子结构中情态动词could不是can的过去式，而是用来表示委婉语气的，后跟动词原形。☞CouldIcomein?我可以进来吗？2.另外，用CouldI...？时，表示请求对方准许，对方回答时不能用could，而要用can。☞—CouldIuseyourbicycle?我可以用你的自行车吗？—Yes,youcan.是的，可以。学！科网3.对于这种请求的肯定和否定回答的常用语肯定回答常用语：Certainly./Ofcourse./Withpleasure./Noproblem./Sure./Yes,youcan.否定回答常用语：I’mafraidnot./No,I’mafraidIcan’t./No,youcan’t.三、could与can的区别could与can都是情态动词，could是can的过去式。二者都可用于表示请求，但是用法稍有不同：1.can表示一般性的请求，语气随便，常用于熟人之间或长辈对晚辈、上级对下级的场合。☞Canyoutellusyourstory,Tony?你能给我们讲讲你的故事吗，托尼？2.could表示有礼貌地请求，语气委婉，常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈、下级对上级的场合。☞—CouldyoutellusifitsnowsinwinterinAustralia?请告诉我们，澳大利亚冬天下雪吗？—Sure.当然可以。二、家务劳动Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom？单元写作小专题【单元话题分析】本单元以＂家务、杂务＂为话题，围绕这一话题，引导学生学习掌握情态动词could表示委婉地请求以及请求许可的用法。以谈论家务以及对家务喜欢与不喜欢的原因和理由为话题的作文或是请求他人帮忙的电子邮件之类的书面表达是单元测试或中考所常考查的。【单元写作目标】本单元的话题为“做家务”，该话题就“学生是否应该做家务”提出观点，然后进一步阐述其利弊。在写作时，要学会运用“CouldI…？/Couldyou…？”来表达“请求得到许可”和运用“Ithink/believethat…”或“Iagree/disagreethat…”表达自己的观点。【单元写作素材】◆开头句①Itiseveryone’sdutytodochores.②Ithinkitisnecessaryforustodohousework.③Nowmanystudentsaretoolazytodohouseworkathome.④Ithinkweshouldhelpparentsdosomehousework.◆中间句①Iswepttheflooratfirstandtookouttherubbish.②Weshouldfinishourhomeworkindependentlyandmakeastudyplancarefully.③What’smore，Ialsocookedsomeporridge.④Third，doinghouseworkcanrelaxourselves.⑤Ioftenhelpmyparentswithmuchhousework,suchascleaningtherooms,takingouttherubbishanddoingthedishes.◆结尾句①Ibelieveifwecandothesethings，wewillbemoreindependent.②Ithinkit’sourdutytosharehouseworktokeepthehousecleanandtidy.◆谚语积累1.Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧。2.Easiersaidthandone.说起来容易做起来难。1．假如你是李华，某英文报刊正在就“ShouldTeenagersHelpTheirParentswithHousework?”这一话题展开征文活动，请你根据自己的体会，写一篇短文向该报社投稿。要点提示：1.你认为青少年应该帮助父母做家务吗？2.你的理由是什么？写作要求：1.词数80词左右（文章格式已经给出，不计入总词数）；2.根据要点提示，可以适当发挥；3.文中不得出现真实的姓名及校名。DearSirorMadam,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】例文：DearSirorMadam,Ithinkthatteenagerslikemeshouldhelptheirparentswithhousework.First,doinghouseworkmakesusindependent.Wecan’tdependonourparentsallthetime.Soweshouldlearnhowtotakecareofourselvesnow.Second,doinghouseworkisakindofphysicalexercise.Ithelpsusstayhealthyandstrong.Third,sinceweliveinahousewithourparents,it’sfairforustoworktogetherandmakethehousecleanandcomfortable.Inmyopinion,doinghouseworkhelpsuslearnlifeskillsandunderstandtheideaoffairness.SoIthinkteenagersshouldlearntoenjoydoingchoreswiththeirparents.Yours,LiHua【详解】[总体分析]①题材：本文是一篇书信作文；②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏信息提示，适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。[写作步骤]第一步，表明观点，青少年应该帮助父母做家务；第二步，详细阐述自己觉得应该这样做的理由；第三步，书写总结。[亮点词汇]①helpsb.withsth.帮助某人某事②dependon依靠③takecareof关心④stayhealthy保持健康⑤inone’sopinion在某人看来[高分句型]①Ithinkthatteenagerslikemeshouldhelptheirparentswithhousework.(宾语从句)②Inmyopinion,doinghouseworkhelpsuslearnlifeskillsandunderstandtheideaoffairness.(动名词作主语)2．李梅的父母都是医生。由于疫情的暴发，他们去了武汉做志愿工作，所以李梅和爷爷奶奶在家。懂事的李梅经常帮助爷爷奶奶做家务。假如你是李梅，一天父母打电话说要从武汉回家，你决定把家打扫得干干净净。请你根据下面的提示写一篇短文，可适当发挥，80词左右。短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。提示：1.Whydidyoudothehousework?2.Whathouseworkdidyoudo?3.Howdidyourparentsfeel?MyparentswenttoWuhanasvolunteersasmedicalstaff.Oneday,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文MyparentswenttoWuhanasvolunteersasmedicalstaff.Oneday,theycalledmetheywouldcomeback,soIdecidedtocleanupthehousetomakethemhappy.Afterhavingbreakfast,Ididthedishes.Afterthat,Ibegantocleanthelivingroom.Isweptthefloor,cleanedthewindowsandtookouttherubbish.Afterhavingabreak,Ibegantodosomewashing.Atabouthalfpasteleven,Ifinishedallthechores.Iwastiredbuthappy.Whenmyparentsgothome,theyweresurprisedtofindIdidsomanychoresandmadethehousesoclean.Theysaid“Dear,youreallydidagoodjob!Thankyou.”Hearingthis,Iwasreallyproudofmyself.【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。要求根据英文提示写一篇英语短文，可适当发挥。2.写作指导：本文时态采用一般过去时，人称采用第一人称和第三人称相结合。描写做了什么家务时，场景要连贯细致；重点描写父母回家后看到自己做了这些事情的感受，要生动形象。写作时要有逻辑性，无语法和标点错误。一、单词转换1.sweep(v.)→swept(过去式/过去分词)扫；打扫2.throw(v.)→threw(过去式)扔；掷→thrown(过去分词)3.lend(v.)→lent(过去式/过去分词)借给；借出4.depend(v.)依靠；信赖→independent(adj.)独立的；自主的→independence(n.)独立5.develop(v.)发展；壮大→development(n.)发展；发育；成长developingcountry发展中国家developedcountry发达国家6.fair(adj.)合理的；公正的→unfair(反义词)不合理的；不公正的→fairness(n.)公正性；合理性7.drop(v.)→dropped(过去式/过去分词)→dropping(现在分词)落下；掉下二、短语1.takeouttherubbish倒垃圾2.foldtheclothes叠衣服3.sweepthefloor扫地4.makethebed整理床铺5.gooutfordinner出去吃饭6.stayoutlate在外面待到很晚7.getaride搭车8.workon从事9.helpoutwithhousework=helpoutaroundthehouse帮忙做家务10.throwdown扔下11.comeover过来12.takethedogforawalk遛狗13.allthetime一直；总是14.shoutback吼回去15.askinsurprise惊讶地问16.sharethehousework分担家务17.neitherofus我们两人都不18.assoonas一····就······19.getsomethingtodrink拿点喝的东西20.hangoutwithfriends和朋友出去闲逛21.passsth．tosb．把某物传给某人22.lendmesomemoney借我些钱23.getwet淋湿24.dochores做杂务；做家务25.invitemyfriendstoaparty邀请我的朋友们来参加聚会26.haveenoughstressfromschool有来自学校足够多的压力27.havetimetodosth．有时间做某事28.awasteoftime浪费时间29.inordertodosth．为了做某事30.getolder长大31.providesth.forsb.给某人提供某物32.dependon依靠；依赖33.bealwaysdoingsth.总是／一直做某事34.theideaoffairness公平意识35.doone'spartin(doing)sth.尽自己的职责36.takecareof／lookafter照顾37.asaresult结果38.fallill生病三、重点句型Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?

你能整理一下你的房间吗？CouldIuseyourcomputer?我可以用一下你的电脑吗？Shewon’tbehappyifsheseesthismess.如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。MymomcameoverassoonasIsatdowninfrontoftheTV.我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。Peter,couldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish?彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？IthinktwohoursofTVisenoughforyou!我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。TheminuteIsatdowninfrontoftheTV,mymomcameover.我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。10.Thenextday,mymomcamehomefromworktofindthehousecleanandtidy.第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。11.“I’mdosorry,Mom.Ifinishunderstandthatweneedtosharethehouseworktohaveacleanandcomfortablehome.”Ireplied.“对不起，妈妈。我终于理解为了拥有一个干净、舒适的家我们需要共同来分担家务。”我回答说。Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?你能把盐递给我吗？CouldIinvitemyfriendstoaparty?我能邀请我的朋友们来聚会吗？Idon’tunderstandwhysomeparentsmaketheirkidshelpwithhouseworkandchoresathome.我不理解为什么有些父母在家让孩子们帮忙做家务和杂务。Houseworkisawasteoftheirtime.做家务是在浪费他们的时间。Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolworkinordertogetgoodgradesandgetintoagooduniversity.为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应该把时间用在学习上。Also,whentheygetolder,theywillhavetodohouseworksothere’snoneedforthemtodoitnow.而且，当他们长大的时候，他们也将会做家务，因此，他们没必要现在在做。Itistheparents’jobtoprovideacleanandcomfortableenvironmentathomefortheirchildren.在家为孩子们提供一个干净、舒适的环境是父母的义务。Andanyway,Ithinkdoingchoresisnotsodifficult.无论如何，我认为做家务并不那么难。...Everyoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.每个人都有责任保持家里的干净和整洁。Doingchoreshelpstodevelopchildren’sindependenceandteachesthemhowtolookafterthemselves.做家务不仅可以培养孩子们的独立性还可以教他们如何照顾自己。四、语法情态动词could的用法原文再现：Tony,couldyoupleasehelpmeoutwithafewthings?托尼，你可以帮着做几件事情吗？Peter,couldyoupleasetakeoutthetrash?彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？以上例句中，情态动词could用于有礼貌地提出要求或请求准许，在时间上与can没有区别，语气要比can委婉、有礼貌。回答时要用can，不能用could.肯定回答：Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Noproblem.否定回答：Sorry,Ican’t【复习】could的其他用法：(1)could为can的过去式，表示能力。eg.Couldthegirlreadbeforeshewenttoschool?这个女孩上学前能识字吗？Hesaidthathecouldn’tcome.他说不能来了。(2)could可以表建议，意为“可以”，在时间上与can没有区别，语气比can更加委婉。没有人称和数的变化，其后直接跟动词原形。eg.Wecouldhelpthemcleantheclassroom.我们可以帮助他们打扫教室。Youcouldtryyourbesttohelptheoldpeople.你可以尽力去帮助老人。

Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom？Unit3核心话题家务、杂务重点词汇1.messn.杂乱；不整洁→messyadj.杂乱的；不整洁的2.hatev.厌恶；讨厌→hatredn.厌恶；仇恨3.stressn.精神压力；心理负担/v.强调→stressedadj.感到有压力的→stressfuladj.令人感到有压力的；紧张的4.depend.v.依靠:信赖→dependentadj.依靠的→independentadj.独立的；独立自主的→independentlyadv独立地→independencen.独立5.develop.v.发展；壮大→developmentn.发展→developingadj.发展中的→developedadj.发达的6.fairnessn.公正性；合理性→fairadj.合理的；公平的→fairlyadv.公平地；合理地→unfairadj.不公平的；不公正的→unfairlyadv不公正7.neighborn.邻居→neighborhoodn.社区；临近街区8.illadj.生病的→illnessn.疾病重点短语takeouttherubbish倒垃圾sweepthefloor扫地stayout待在外面;不在家4.workon从事;创作5.helpout帮助做完某事6.atleast至少7.throwdown扔下8.infrontof在……前面9.comeover过来;顺便来访10.take...forawalk带……去散步重点句型1.Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?你能打扫一下你的房间吗?2.Ihavetodosomework.我必须干些活。3.CouldIuseyourcomputer?我可以用一下你的电脑吗?4.Shewon'tbehappyifsheseesthismess.如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。5.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。6.MymomcameoverassoonasIsatdowninfrontoftheTV.我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。7.Ihatetodochores.我不喜欢做杂务。语法情态动词could的用法写作有关学生做家务发表观点词汇精讲考点1.takev.拿，采取，获得用法例句(1)takeout意为“把带出去” Pleasetakeouttherubbishwhenyougoout.(2)takeoff意为“脱下;起飞;请假”Takeoffyourwetclothes. Whendidtheplanetakeoff? Iwanttotakeadayoff. (3)takedown意为“写下，记下”Ididn’ttakedownhisphonenumber. (4)takeup意为“开始从事;占用”Iwanttotakeupwriting. (5)takeaway意为“拿走”Pleasetaketherubbishaway.It’ssmelly.【经典练】1．IfI________availablenextweekend,I________atriptoBeijing.A．am;take B．am;willtake C．willbe;take【答案】B【详解】句意：如果下周末我有空，我将去北京旅行。考查时态。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，主句用一般将来时willdo，从句用一般现在时，主语是I，be动词用am。故选B。2．—________?—Yes.Abowlofbeefandtomatonoodles.A．MayItakeyourorder B．How’sitgoingC．Whatwouldyouliketodrink D．What’sthematter【答案】A【详解】句意：——可以点餐了吗？——是的。一碗番茄牛肉面。考查交际用语。MayItakeyourorder您可以点菜了吗；How’sitgoing怎么样；Whatwouldyouliketodrink您想要喝些什么；What’sthematter怎么了。根据“Yes.Abowlofbeefandtomatonoodles.”可知，表述要点的餐是一碗牛肉番茄面。因此上文应该是询问是否要点餐，选项A“您可以点菜了吗？”符合语境。故选A。考点2.infrontof在 前面 用法 例句(1)infrontof（在事物外部的前面）+名词Thereisabigtreeinfrontoftheclassroom. (2)Inthefrontof在事物内部的前面+名词Thereisateacher’sdeskinthefrontoftheclassroom.【经典练】1．Look!Thereisablackboard________theclassroomandthereisabigtree________theclassroom.A．infrontof;infrontof B．inthefrontof;inthefrontofC．inthefrontof;infrontof D．infrontof;inthefrontof【答案】C【详解】句意：看！教室前面有一块黑板，教室前面有一棵大树。考查介词短语。infrontof“在……前面”，强调物体外部的前面；inthefrontof“在……前面”，强调物体内部的前面。第一空指黑板在教室内部的前面，应该用inthefrontof；第二空指树在房子外部的前面，应该用infrontof。故选C。2．Walk________thisstreet,andyou’llfindthebookstore________thebank.A．down;inthefront