2024高中英语刷题首秧基础练能力练Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumourSectionⅢGrammar含解析新人教版必修4

PAGEPAGE9SectionⅢGrammar对应学生用书P31[基础题]Ⅰ单句语法填空1．Thecruelbosshadhisemployees________(work)alldaylong.答案：working2．Ihadgreatdifficulty________(find)thesuitablefoodonthemenuinthatrestaurant.答案：finding3．Theytriedtoconvincehim________(support)them.答案：tosupport4．Wewereveryexcitedatthesightoftwofive­starredflags________(rise)inthestadium.答案：rising5．Blamedforbreakingmypromise,Ifeltmyface________(grow)hot.答案：growing6．Hungerandcoldmadehim________(depress)andloseconfidence.答案：depressed7．Thenextthinghesawwassmoke________(rise)frombehindthehouse.答案：rising8．Thenewsthatwewonthegameis________(excite)．答案：exciting9．Theteacherstoodamongthe________(laugh)children.答案：laughing10．Heisusedtosleepingwiththewindow________(close)．答案：closedⅡ单句改错1．Don'tleavethewaterrunwhileyouarebrushingyourteeth.________________________________________________________________________答案：run→running2．Theflowerssmeltsweetinthegardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.________________________________________________________________________答案：smelt→smelling3．Tomworkshard.HeisoftenseenreadEnglishwhileothersareplaying.________________________________________________________________________答案：read→reading4．Itwassocoldthattheyhadthefireburntallnightlong.________________________________________________________________________答案：burnt→burning5．OnhearingtheexcitednewsthathersonwasadmittedtoPekingUniversity,sheburstintotears.________________________________________________________________________答案：excited→exciting[实力题]Ⅰ阅读理解ATheLastSupperisregardedasoneofthesuprememasterpiecesinthewholefieldofpictorialart.TraditionhasitthatLeonardodaVinciworkedfortenyearsuponthepainting;themonksinthechurchwereannoyedatthedelay.ItwassaidthatLeonardooftenpaintedcontinuouslyfromdawntonightwithouteatinghismeals.Butatothertimeshespenthoursbeforethepicture,lostincontemplation,_examining,comparing,andmeasuringhisfigures.Thisinactivityeq\a\vs4\al(W1)arousedtheangerofthefussyPrior,theheadofthechurch,whobelongedtothelargegroupofthosewhobelievedthatthebusieramanseems,themoreheaccomplishes;andsohetriedtofindfaultwitheq\a\vs4\al(P1)theidleeq\a\vs4\al(W2)painter.Leonardowasslightlyunhappyandexplainedtosomebodyelsethatthereisagreatdifferencebetweentheworkofthecreativeartistandthestonemason(石匠).Thecreativeartistneedstimeforcontemplation;hemaybebusiestwhenhishandsareidlest.Justnowheneededtwoheadstocompletethepicture:thatofChrist,forwhichnomodelonearthcouldbefound,forwherewasthemantobefoundwhosefacewouldexpressthestrength,andbeauty,andtenderness,anddeepsorrowoftheChrist;thenhealsoneededaheadofJudas,andthatwashardtofindaswell,forwherewasthemanwhosefacecouldexpressthemeannessofthatbasetraitor.Buthewouldlooknofurther;ifnonecamehiswayeq\a\vs4\al(P2)，hewouldbesatisfiedtotakePriorasamodelforJudas.ThisthreatsilencedtheangryPrior,whoquitenaturallyhadnodesiretopasstodescendantseq\a\vs4\al(W3)insuchafashion.eq\x(篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲解并描述了达·芬奇画他的名画《最终的晚餐》时的趣事。)1．WhydidthePriorcomplainaboutthedelay?A．Becausehethoughtthatthepainteridledmostofthehours.B．Becauseheknewthatgeniusmightbebusiestwhenseeminglyidlest.C．Becausehelikedtheworkofastonemason.D．BecausehewaseagertobetakenasamodelforJudas.答案：A推理推断题。依据文章其次段中的“...whobelievedthatthebusieramanseems,themoreheaccomplishes;andsohetriedtofindfaultwiththeidlepainter”可知，院长埋怨达·芬奇画画延误了，因为他觉得画家虚度了大部分时间。故选A。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contemplation”inParagraph1mean?A．Possibility.B．Intention.C．Deepthought.D．Greatexpectation.答案：C词义揣测题。上文描述达·芬奇有时连续作画甚至不思饮食，由画线词所在句句首的“But”可知，此处应与上文形成反义对比，表明没有作画，而是花费数小时在画前，检查、对比、测量他的人物。由此可推知lostincontemplation的意思是“陷入深思”。故选C。3．Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?A．ThepainterwaspleasedwiththePrior'sanger.B．ThePriorwasangrybecausehethoughtthepainterdidnotworkhard.C．ThepaintertookoneofthemonksasamodelforChrist.D．ThepaintertookoneofthemonksasamodelforJudas.答案：B细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段第一句中的“ThisinactivityarousedtheangerofthefussyPrior...”可知，院长很生气，因为他觉得达·芬奇没有努力画画。故选B。4．WhydidthePriorstopcomplaining?A．Hedidnotwishtoberememberedlikeaneviltraitorafterhedied.B．HewantedtobepaintedasatenderChrist.C．Hedislikedtobepaintedinfashionableclothes.D．Hewaspleasedtobeafashionablemodel.答案：A细微环节理解题。依据文章最终两句“Buthewouldlooknofurther;ifnonecamehisway,hewouldbesatisfiedtotakePriorasamodelforJudas.ThisthreatsilencedtheangryPrior,whoquitenaturallyhadnodesiretopasstodescendantsinsuchafashion.”可知，院长停止埋怨，因为他不想作为一个邪恶的叛徒被后代记住。故选A。eq\a\vs4\al(W重点单词)1．inactivityn.静止；不活泼2．idleadj.空闲的；懒散的3．descendantn.后代；后裔eq\a\vs4\al(P重点短语)1．findfaultwith挑剔；找茬；指责2．comeone'sway来到……的身边；发生在某人身上BWeallknowtheoldsaying,“Laughteristhebestmedicine.”Butcanwemakeourselveslaughatwill?AccordingtoaCzechdoctor,KarelNespor,theansweris“Yes！”Inhisbook,TheHealingPowerofLaughter,hetellsusgoodwaystoproducelaughteralldaylongsowecanbehappyandhealthy.Hebelievesthatwithalittletraining,anyonecanlaughateverydayeventsandthereforeenjoybetterhealthandrelationships.DrNesporsaysthatweshouldstarttheeffectiveeq\a\vs4\al(W1)“laughter­training”firstthinginthemorning.Assoonaswegetup,weshouldbesuretosmileatourselvesinthemirror.Wemayfeelsillyatfirst,butthatwillonlymakeussmilemore!Thenextstepisthatwhileweareboredoranxiouslywaitingforsomething,weshouldthinkoffunnythings.Forexample,aswewaitinlineeq\a\vs4\al(P1)forthebus,wecanimagineTomHank'scharacterinthemovieTheTerminalandhowheloseshisIDpapers,andhastoliveinanairportandentertainhimselfandothersinveryamusingways.Thethirdstepistolaughatdifficultthingsthatmakeusfeelsadorevenafraid.Really!Whenthesesituationsandfeelingscome,wecanlaughatourproblems,andfindhumourinreallife.Nomatterhowunpleasantthingsare,trytoimaginethattheseeventsarelikeanoldfriendwhomyoulovetojokewitheq\a\vs4\al(P2).Thiswillhelpuslearnthepowerfulskillsoflettinggoofnegativeeq\a\vs4\al(W2)thoughtsandreplacingthemwithpositivethoughts.Andfinally,asweeatourdinneratnight,rememberwhatDrNesporsays,“Laughterneednotbelonely.Smilemoreoftenatyourfriendsandrelatives.Pointoutfunnythingstoeachother,telleachotherhumorousstories,andlaughtogetheralot.”Repeatthesefourstepseachdayforbestresults!Therearetwopointstoremembertokeepyourfunnyfeelingsflourishing:_avoidentertainmentsuchashorrormovies,andbecarefulnottolaughatothers.Thismayhurtthemandyouaswell.DrNesporwarnsthatmakingothersunhappymayreverse(颠倒)thehealthbenefitsoflaughter.Butmakingyourselfandothershappyshouldproducelong­lastinghealthyeffects.eq\x(篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。微笑有助于人们保持健康，本文向读者介绍了如何让微笑真正有益身心健康的一些有效方法及留意事项。)5．Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthesaying“Laughteristhebestmedicine”？A．Laughterisregardedasanewkindofmedicinenowadays.B．Laughteristhebestwaytostayhealthy.C．Laughtercancureanydisease.D．Laughterismoreeffectivethananymedicine.答案：B细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“Inhisbook,TheHealingPowerofLaughter,hetellsusgoodwaystoproducelaughteralldaylongsowecanbehappyandhealthy.”可知，笑是保持健康的好方法。故选B。6．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．ACzechdoctor'snewlypublishedbook.B．Anoldsaying.C．Alaughter­trainingcourse.D．Effectivewaystobehealthyinbodyandmind.答案：D主旨大意题。读完整篇文章，很明显它不是着重在介绍一本书或单纯介绍一句谚语，更不是一个课程，而是介绍如何让微笑真正有益身心健康的一些有效方法。故选D。7．Theunderlinedword“flourishing”inParagraph5means“________”．A．developingB．disappearingC．remainingD．encouraging答案：A词义揣测题。画线词后的句子说明了“twopoints”的内容：不要做与微笑对立的事，故作者列这两个留意事项的目的是让微笑的初衷，即美妙的感觉，接着发展下去。故该词与develop的意义相近。故选A。8．Thewriter'sattitudetowardslaughteris________.A．criticalB．doubtfulC．positiveD．negative答案：C推理推断题。依据作者的介绍，笑是良药，可以令人快乐，改善人际关系，让人变得主动、乐观，有益身心健康，所以作者所持的是确定、主动的看法。故选C。eq\a\vs4\al(W重点单词)1．effectiveadj.有效的2.negativeadj.消极的eq\a\vs4\al(P重点短语)1．waitinline排队等候2.jokewith...与……开玩笑Ⅱ语法填空Therewasawomanwhowenttotheairport__1__(hurry).Shewassoabsorbed__2__herownthoughtsthatshewasnotawarethattheyweregoingonadifferentroute.Suddenly,amanwentinsidethecabandtookherhandbag__3__sheplacedhervisa,passport,andallhermoneyforthetrip.Shekeptonthinkinghowunluckyshewastobeinthatsituation.Thatverysamenight,sheheardapieceof__4__(shock)news.Flight230crashed!Itwastheplanethatshewassupposedtoboardinto.__5__shehadnotlostherpreciousbelongings,shecouldhavelostsomethingfar__6__important—herlife!Sometimesbadthingsreallyhappen.Wefailinourexams,orgetrejectedbyothers.Therearetimeswhennothingseemstogoourway.Sowhatdowedoaboutit?Wemusttakeallthese__7__(frustrate)outofourchestandstartalloveragainwiththeconsistentfaiththatwe__8__(get)whatisdeserved(应得的)．Ifyoufailedintheexams,maybeyou'dbemoresuccessfulandmuchhappierin__9__field.Ifyouwererejectedbyyourfriend,therewouldbeplentyofothersouttherewhoaremuchmoredeserving(值得的)yourloveandaffection.Don'twasteyourtimeandenergy__10__thingsthatcan'tbechanged.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________eq\x(篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。俗话说“塞翁失马，焉知非福”。作者讲解并描述一位女士因为放有护照和钱等珍贵物品的包被抢而幸运躲过一场空难的故事。旨在告知我们，当遇到不顺当的事情时，不要悲观悲观，不要奢侈时间去做于事无补的后悔。)1．hurriedly考查词性转换。修饰动词用副词形式，因此填hurriedly。2．in考查介词。beabsorbedin“聚精会神于”。3．where考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，表示“在此；在里面”，故用关系副词where，相当于inwhich。4．shocking考查词性转换。此处修饰名词，应当用形容词。shocking“令人震惊的”，说明事物的特征，故填shocking。5．If考查连词。依据语意可知此处表假设，结合从句谓语hadnotlost和主句谓语couldhavelost可知，此处是虚拟语气，故填if引导虚拟条件句，留意首字母大写。6．more考查形容词的比较级。此处表示“远为更重要的”；同时结合far用来修饰形容词和副词比较级，表示程度，故填more。7．frustrations考查词性转换。these后面跟复数名词，故填frustrations。8．willget考查动词的时态。依据句意可知，此处表示将会出现的结果，应当用一般将来时，故填willget。9．another考查限定词。从上文内容可知，此处指在一方面失败了，可能在另一方面胜利，且空格后修饰的是单数可数名词，故填another。10．on考查介词。wastetime/moneyonsth.“在某方面奢侈时间或金钱”。Ⅲ短文改错MyparentsandIwenttotheparklastSunday.Therewerelotsofvisitorsstandinfrontoftheticketwindow.Wewaitedforalongtimeandbuythreetickets.IntheTigerMountainofthepark,IwastooeagertoseethefierceandfrightenedanimalsthatIquickenedmystepsthrough