2024-2025学年八年级第二学期英语期中模拟试卷（二）（译林版含答案解析）

2024-2025学年八年级第二学期期中模拟英语试卷（二）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将准考证号、姓名、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔在“考场号”和“座位号”栏相应位置填涂考场号和座位号。将条形码粘贴在答题卡“条形码粘贴处”。2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3．非选择题必须用黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“IsitOKtoletmychilddothechoresathome?”“ShouldIpunish（惩罚）himifhe1todothechores?”Parentsoftenthinkofthesequestions．2shouldparentsdotogettheirchildrentodothechores?Let’sreadastoryfirst．Jennywas3hergrandpainthecountry．Theyenjoyedbeingwitheachotherverymuch．GrandpatookJennyforaride4hiscareveryafternoon．Everynight,Grandpawashedhissocksand5themtodry．Oneday,Jennysaidtohergrandpa,“Iwanttohelpyoursocks．”Jennywasonlyfouryearsold,6hergrandpaagreed．HebelievedJennycoulddoitwell．Jennywas7towashthesocksforhergrandpa．Shewashedthem8,sothesocksbecameveryclean．Shethoughtsinceherlittlehandscoulddothiswork,shecoulddoalotmorefor9．Soparentsshouldgivechildrenchancestodothechores．Theyshouldlettheirchildrenknowtheyare10inthefamily,It’sveryimportanttoachild’sdevelopment．1．A．agrees B．likes C．stops D．refuses2．A．When B．What C．Where D．Why3．A．visiting B．calling C．helping D．asking4．A．in B．to C．on D．of5．A．touched B．moved C．folded D．hung6．A．and B．but C．so D．if7．A．tired B．worried C．happy D．nervous8．A．quietly B．easily C．quickly D．carefully9．A．other B．none C．others D．another10．A．friendly B．helpful C．welcome D．lovely第二部分阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ACHINAFOOTBALLShanghaiShenhuaVSBeijingXiandaiTime:June4,3:00p．m．Place:ShengyangstadiumTicketPrice:¥30foradults(成年人)¥15forchildrenNICEPRICERECORDSHurry!Specialoffer!UntiltheendofJuly．IfyoubuytwoCDs,we’llgiveyouoneCDforfree．JustClothesSpaceForyouIfyouarelookingfordesignclothesatLOWprices,cometoSPACE42RegentRDDates:May1—June3011．Tomiseight．IfTomandhispatentswanttowatchthefootballmatch,theyneedtopayyuan．A．125 B．120 C．75 D．9012．Fromthepassageweknowthat．A．youcanwatchthefootballmatchinJulyB．theclothesinSpacearenotveryniceC．youcangetsixCDsforthepriceoffouratNicePriceD．theclothesinSpaceareveryexpensive13．Wecanprobablyreadthemina___________．A．historymagazine B．newspaperC．storybook D．sciencemagazineBTheyaredrawingtheattentionoftheworld．Theyaretheforcethatisgoingtoshapeourfuture．Whoarethey?Theyaretheyounggenerationwhowerebornafter2000．Thisyear,severalyoungathleteshaveshonebrightlyattheBeijingWinterOlympics,givingusachancetoknowabouttheirgenerationnature．Obviously,thisgenerationisfilledwith“bravewarriors”whowanttochallengeimpossibilitiesandpushlimits．FreestyleskierGuAilingisagoodexample．Afterfinishedstronginthefirsttwojumpsintheevent,itwascertainthatshecouldgetamedal．Butshedecidedtochallengeadifficulttrickinsteadofplayingitsafe．“Ihaveneverdonethistrickbefore．Ijustfeelitwasachancetopushmyselftothelimit．”Forthoseyoungathletes,thesportisneverjustaboutscores,butalsoabouthavingasmuchfunaspossible．BornintheUS,shealsofaceddoubtsfromforrepresentingChina．“I’man18-year-oldgirloutherelivingmybestlife．Itdoesn’tmatterifotherpeoplearehappyornot,becauseIfeelI’mdoingmybestandI’menjoyingtheentireprocess．”Gu’sfriend,ChinesesnowboarderSuYimingalsosharesasimilarattitude．Hetakessportsasawaytohavefun．AfterhelostthegoldtoCanadianathleteMaxParrot(agreatsnowboarder),▲．Thisisayounggeneration(世代)thatdarestopushthelimitsbutalsoenjoyslife．14．The________ismoreimportantfortheyounggenerationtotakepartinacompetition．A．goldmedal B．friendship C．gameitself D．money15．Whichisthebestsentencetobeputin▲inParagraph4?A．hewassosadthathedidn’ttalktoanybodyB．hetoldhimselfthathewouldneverfailagaintothismanC．hewassohappyandaskedMaxtotakeaphotowithhimD．hewasstillhappytohavethechancetocompetewithhisidol16．Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?A．Nopains,nogains． B．Practicemakesperfect．C．Thebestmirrorisanoldfriend． D．Nothingisimpossibletocourage．17．Whichisthebeststructureofthispassage?A．①/②/③④/⑤ B．①②/③④/⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤ D．①②③④/⑤CImaginethis．There’sanappleandapieceofcakeonatable．Whichonewouldyoulike?Thedeliciouscakeorthehealthyapple?Abestseller,WillpowerRediscoveringOurGreaterStrength,suggeststhatwillpower(意志力)istheabilitytomakedecisionsthatarebetterforusinthelongterminsteadoftheshortterm．Hereisafamoustestinthebook,themarshmallow(棉花糖)test．In1972,ProfessorWalterMischeltestedthewillpowerof600four-year-oldstosix-year-olds．Inthetest,eachchildwasleftaloneinaroomforfifteenminuteswithamarshmallowonatableinfrontofthem．Theyweregiventwochoices:theycouldeithereatitor,iftheywaitedfifteenminutes,they’dbegivenasecondoneandthentheycouldeatboth．So,whatdidthekidsdo?Well,asyoucanimagine,70%atethefirstmarshmallowduringthefifteenminutes．Buttheother30%showedwillpower,theycontrolledthemselvesandwaitedforthesecondmarshmallow．ButthenMischelfoundsomethingreallyinteresting．Twentyyearslater,hegotintouchwiththechildren,whowereintheirearlytwenties．Andhefoundthatthosewhoshowedstrongwillpowerweregettingbettermarksatuniversityandweremorepopular．Willpowerislikeamuscle(肌肉),andthemoreyouexercise,thestrongeritgets．So,ifyoudodaily“self-controlexercises”,suchasmakingyourbedorbrushingyourteeth,you’llimproveyourwillpower．Anddailywillpowerexerciseswillhelpyouwiththosebiggergoals,suchasstudyingforanexamortrainingforafootballcompetition．Becarefulthough．Justlikeanymuscle,your“willpowermuscle”cangettired．Ifyouhavetodolotsofthingsthatneedwillpower,takeabreak,suchaslisteningtosomemusic．Moreover,it’salsohelpfultodosomethingenjoyablelikereadingorgoingfishing．Thoseways,you’llbuildupyourwillpoweragain．Andonelastthing,thewriteraddspeoplewholearnforeignlanguagesusuallyhavealotofwillpower．Theyshouldspendmuchtimerememberingnewwords,doinglisteningexercise,practicingwritingandsoon．So,hopeyoucankeeptryingandnevergiveuplearningaforeignlanguage．Mischelbelievesthatthroughthewaysabove,peoplecanimprovetheirwillpowersoastodobetterinworkandstudy．18．Inthetest,achildcouldget________marshmallow(s)afteraquarterofwaitingwithouteatingthefirstmarshmallow．A．one B．two C．three D．four19．Thewriterbeginstoexplainwillpowerby________．A．doingatest B．offeringafact C．givingasaying D．tellingastory20．Accordingtothepassage,weknowthat________．A．willpowercanonlybebuiltupbyexercising B．willpowershouldbekeptpracticingwithoutanystopC．strongwillpowercanmakepeoplefeeltired D．strongwillpowercanhelppeopleachievetheirgoals21．Thestructureofthepassagemaybe________．A． B．C． D．DWhenyoufinishhighschooloruniversity,islearningdone?Theansweris“no”．Inmanycountries,peoplecontinuelearningalltheirlives．Whyislifelonglearningimportant?Howcanithelpyou?Let’slookatoneexampleoflifelonglearninginJapan．Whyislifelonglearningimportant?Yougotoschoolandlearn．Youtaketests．Butlearningdoesn’tonlyhappeninschool．Andlearningdoesn’tstopwhenyougraduatefromhighschoolorcollege．Youarelearningallthetime．Forexample,learningcanhappenwhenyougotoamuseum．Itcanalsohappenwhenyougetajob．Youlearnwhenyouplayasportorwhenyoutakeatrip．Learningislife!Weneverstoplearning．Everyday,youcanimproveyourselfbylearningsomethingnew．LifelonglearninginJapanInJapan,lifelearningisveryimportant．PeopleinJapanliketotrynewlearningactivities．Exceptmusiccalligraphy,flowerarranging,andforeignlanguagesaresomeoftheirfavoriteclasses．TheJapanesetakeclassestoimprovetheirskillsandlearnnewthings．ConclusionWhenwegraduatefromschool,wecancontinuetolearn．Makelifelonglearningoneofyourgoals!22．Whyislifelonglearningimportant?A．Ithelpsyouimproveyourself． B．It’sthebestwaytolearn．C．It’sfunandeasy． D．It’sanimportantgoal．23．SomepeopleinJapantakeforeignlanguageclassesto．A．getajob B．learnnewthingsC．getgoodgrades D．finishcollege24．PeopleinJapanliketotrynewlearningactivities．Except．A．musiccalligraphy B．foreignlanguagesC．flowerarranging D．sportslearning25．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Learningonlyhappensinschool．B．Whenwegraduatefromschool,learningisdone．C．Youcan’tlearnanythingwhenyouplayasport．D．Music,calligraphy,flowerarrangingandforeignlanguagesarepopularclassesinJapan．第三部分信息还原（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyoufindyouareintroublewithsomeoneinyourlife?Doyourparentsgetangrywithyoubecauseyouplaygamesallthetime?Areyouyawning(打哈欠)now?Ifyouanswer“yes”tosomeorevenallofthesequestionsabove,maybeyouareintroublewithyourself．26Moreandmoreresearchhasprovedthattoomuchgamingcanchangeyourbrainstructure(构造)．27Yourloveforgamesistakingawayyourfreedomtocontrolyourownfuture．Thisisnotajoke!28Andthosewayswillmakeyoustartfeelinggoodaboutyourlifeagain．Thefirstistoacceptthatyou’vegotaproblem．Youcansaythistoyourfriends．Next,spendsometimelearningaboutwhatishappeninginsideyourbrainasaresultofitsmuchgaming．29Assoonasyouwinaround,doyourhandsmovetostartanewgamewithoutthinkingtwice?Thisisaclearsignofaddiction(瘾)—abraindisease．Inordertofightagainstthisdisease,youmayhavetogiveupplayingcomputergames．30Theycanhelpyoutotakeupotherhobbies．A．Youcangethelpfromyourfriends．B．Thechangingstructureofyourbrainwillleadtosomephysicalillnesses．C．Youwillgetnothingfromthecomputergames．D．Luckily,therearesomewaysforyoutohelpyourself．E．Thenit’stimetoturnoffyourcomputerandreadthistextcarefully．F．Youcanonlyplaygameswhenyouarefree．G．Finally,thinkabouthowyoufeelwhenyouareplayingyourfavouritegames．第四部分词汇运用（共13小题；每小题1分，满分13分）第一节根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。31．Allthestudentsare(要求)tolistencarefullyinclass．32．Shanghaiisregardedasoneofthe（生机勃勃）citiesaroundtheworld．33．Thisblouseismadeof(棉花)．34．—What’sthelastlineofthepoemSongoftheGreatWindbyLiuBang?—It’sWherecanIfindbravemen,oh!To(守卫)myfourfrontierstoday!35．Kcomesfromquestioning．36．Whattheyneedbadlyismoney,sohelpinthefofmoneywillbeverywelcome．37．Afterthis,peoplestartedthetraditionofathemoonandsharingthemooncakeswiththeirfamilies．38．TheremustbesomethingwrongwithmyTVset．I’llhaveitr．第二节请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。leavebehind,befullof,describe,inhisearly20s,bebornintoleavebehind,befullof,describe,inhisearly20s,bebornintoNalanXingde(1655—1685)wasaQingDynastypoet．WangGuowei(1877—1927),afamousChinesehistorianandpoet,39NalanXingdeasthebestpoetsincetheNorthernSongDynasty．NalanXingdehadatragiclife,althoughhe40awealthyandpowerfulfamily．Hemadegreatliterary(文学的)achievements．Buthelosthisbelovedwife41andstoppedlivingat30．EverytimeIreadhismemorialpoemsforhislatewife,mymind42sadness．IlikeNalanXingdeandhispoemsbecauseheshowsplainemotionwithouttoomuchflowerylanguage．Hislifewasshort．Butthetreasurehe43willstaywithusforever．第五部分短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Hello,Universeisa2017children’scartoonbookwrittenbyErinEntradaKelly．Itistoldfromtheperspectives（观点）offourmiddleschoolstudents．VirgilSalinasis44shyandkind-hearted

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hiscrazy-about-sportsfamily．Heonly45(talk)tohispet,aguineapig．ValenciaSomerset,whoisdeaf,issmart,braveandinterestedineverythingaboutnature．KaoriTanakaisa12-year-oldgirl．Shehasagiftfortellingfortunes（算命）and46(read)stars．HerlittlesisterGen,isalways47(follow)heraround．Theyarequitedifferent．Theydon’tgotothesameschool．Theyarenot48(friend)untiloneofthemgetscaughtinawell（水井）．ChetBullensisthe49(big)bullyintheneighborhood．Oneday,heplaysatrickonVirgilandhispet．Hetrap（s

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andhispetthroughsmartness,courage,andalittlehelpfromtheuniverse．51the

end,thefourbecomethebestfriends．Sometimesfourcandowhatonecannot．Hello,Universeisaboutfriendshipbetweenfourkids．52ofitsbeautifulandinterestingstories,Hello,Universehaswonthe2018NewberyMedal（纽伯瑞奖）,thehighestawardinthefieldof53(children)literature（文学）．第六部分阅读表达（共3小题；54题2分，55题2分，56题3分，满分7分）请认真阅读下面短文，用英语回答短文后的问题，并将答案写在答题卡标有题号的横线上。Doyouhaveanyonlineclasses?Itispossibletotakeclassesathome．Allyouneedisacomputerandaheadset．However,moststudentsdon’tseemtolikeonlineclasses．Accordingtoarecentsurvey,only33percentofstudentswouldtakesuchclasses．Over1,500studentsfrom10citiestookthesurvey．Manystudentssaiditishardtofocus(集中精力)onstudyingwhiletakingonlineclasses．“Therearenoclassmates,norealteacherswatchingme．IcansurftheInternetordootherthingsifIwantto．It’shardertoalwaysstayfocused．”LianRuohan,oneofthestudentssaid．Lianpreparesalotbeforetakingherclassestomakesureshewillpayattention．Shealsopushesherselftocommunicatewithteachers．Studentscancomeupwithoranswerquestionswhiletakingonlineclasses．ButWenJiayi,14,attheYucaiMiddleSchool,thinksonlineteachersdon’treallygettoknowher．“WhenIdon’thandinhomework,allIgetisashortmessageinsteadofrealconcern(关心)．”shesaid．However,onlineclassesstillhaveotheradvantages．“Itsavestimeandmoneycompared(和……相比)totakingofflineclasses．Also,ifIdon’tunderstandsomepartsofalesson,Icanwatchitoveragain．”Liansaid．54．Howmanystudentstookthesurvey?55．Whatwillonlineteachersdoifastudentdoesn’thandinhishomework?56．Wouldyouliketotakeonlineclasses?Whyorwhynot?第七部分书面表达（共1题；满分25分）57．目前，我国不少城市正在推广公共自行车，提倡人们“绿色出行，低碳生活”。请根据以下要点和要求写一篇英语短文，给某报社投稿，谈谈推广公共自行车的好处。1．要点：1）价格便宜，随时租还，方便出行；2）如果有更多的人选择骑自行车，街道上就会有更少的汽车，也不会那么拥挤；3）不会引起空气污染，有利于保护环境。2．要求：1）内容须包括所有要点，可适当发挥，但不能简单罗列；

2）文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；3）词数100左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。参考词汇：方便convenient；低碳生活low-carbonlifeNow,publicbikesareprovidedformanypeopleinmanycitiesinChina．___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案1．D2．B3．A4．A5．D6．B7．C8．D9．C10．B【难度】0．4【知识点】家庭生活、青少年问题【分析】该不该让孩子做家务？很多家长都不知道到底该怎么办。这篇短文给我们讲述了四岁的Jenny给爷爷洗袜子的故事，告诉我们，家长们应该让孩子做家务，这样他们会感觉对这个家他们是很有帮助的，这对于孩子的发展非常重要。1．句意：如果他拒绝做家务我应该惩罚他吗？考查动词辨析及语境。agree同意；like喜欢；stop停止；refuse拒绝。根据句意ShallIpunishhim…可知，惩罚某人，因此这里表示“拒绝做家务”，故应选D。2．句意：家长们应该做什么来让他们的孩子做家务？考查疑问词辨析及语境。When什么时候；What什么；Where在哪里；Why为什么。根据句子结构可知，…shouldparentsdo后缺少宾语，故应用疑问代词What。选B。3．句意：Jenny正在拜访乡下的爷爷。考查动词辨析及语境。visiting参观；calling打电话；helping帮助；asking问。根据下文Theyenjoyedbeingwitheachotherverymuch．可知，爷爷和Jenny待在一起，可推断这里表示“参观；访问”，故选A。4．句意：爷爷每天下午开车带着Jenny兜风。考查介词辨析及语境。in在……里面；to到……；on在……上面；of……的。这里考查固定短语inone’scar坐某人的车。故选A。5．句意：每天晚上，爷爷洗袜子并把它们挂起来晾干。考查动词辨析及语境。touch接触；move移动；fold折叠；hang悬挂。根据句意可知，洗完袜子应该挂起来晾干，故应选D。6．句意：Jenny只有四岁，但是她的爷爷同意了。考查连词辨析及语境。and和，而且，表示并列；but但是，表示转折；so因此，所以；if如果；是否。空前Jennywasonlyfouryearsold与空后hergrandpaagreed二者之间是转折关系，应使用but进行连接。选B。7．句意：Jenny非常开心给她的爷爷洗袜子。考查形容词辨析及语境。tired疲倦的；worried担心的；happy高兴的；nervous紧张的。爷爷答应珍妮的要求，珍妮应该很高兴去做这件事。故应选C。8．句意：她仔细地洗袜子，所以袜子变得很干净。考查副词辨析及语境。quietly安静地；easily轻易地；quickly迅速地；carefully认真地。根据后半句sothesocksbecameveryclean可知，袜子变得很干净，由此可推断珍妮应该洗的很认真。故选D。9．句意：她想既然她的小手能做这个事情，她可以为别人做的更多。考查代词辨析及语境。other别的；none一个也没有；others其他的人或物，是一个代词；another另一个。根据句子结构可知，空格处所填单词作for的宾语，结合句意可知，这里表示“为其他人……”，故应选C。10．句意：他们应该让孩子们知道他们在家庭里是有帮助的。考查形容词辨析及语境。friendly友好的；helpful有帮助的；welcome受欢迎的；lovely意为可爱的。根据上文Soparentsshouldgivechildrenchancestodothechores．可知，家长们给孩子机会做家务，这说明他们是有帮助的，故选B。【点睛】这篇短文通过讲述四岁的Jenny帮助爷爷洗袜子的故事，告诉家长们，应该让孩子做家务。短文主题明确，文章是夹叙夹议的体裁，论点明确，叙述清晰，内容贴近教材话题和学生们的日常生活，比较容易理解。题型是完形填空，考查学生们在具体语境中运用语言的能力，综合性较强。做题时，应先通读短文，了解文章大意；然后根据上下文语境做题，注意空前后的固定搭配，并仔细辨析选项中单词的意思和用法；最后将答案代入原文，再读一遍，检查答案是否正确。例如第3小题，考查动词辨析及语境。visiting参观；calling打电话；helping帮助；asking问。根据下文Theyenjoyedbeingwitheachotherverymuch．可知，爷爷和Jenny待在一起，可推断这里表示“参观；访问”，故选A。再如第10小题，考查形容词辨析及语境。friendly友好的；helpful有帮助的；welcome受欢迎的；lovely意为可爱的。根据上文Soparentsshouldgivechildrenchancestodothechores．可知，家长们给孩子机会做家务，这说明他们是有帮助的，故选B。11．C12．C13．B【难度】0．4【知识点】时文/广告/布告、应用文、细节理解【分析】试题分析：本文叙述了上海神话和北京现代之间的足球比赛，以及其时间、地点、票价、和一系列的优惠活动。11．计算分析题。根据表格内容：TicketPrice:¥30foradults(成年人)；¥15forchildren，因为汤姆8岁，因此花15元，汤姆的父母亲共60元，所以总共花费75元，故选择C。12．推理判断题。根据表格内容：如果你买两个，免费给一个，因为买了四个，可以推断出免费给了两个，共六个，故选择C。13．细节理解题。根据对整篇文章内容的理解，可知可以在报纸上读到这篇文章，故选择B。B14．C15．D16．D17．C【难度】0．4【知识点】哲理感悟、青少年问题、说明文【导语】本文主要通过运动员谷爱凌和苏翊鸣的事例，说明了中国的年轻人敢于挑战极限，但也享受他们的事业。14．细节理解题。根据“Obviously,thisgenerationisfilledwith“bravewarriors”whowanttochallengeimpossibilitiesandpushlimits．”可知，游戏本身对年轻一代来说更重要的是参加比赛。故选C。15．细节理解题。根据“Hetakessportsasawaytohavefun．AfterhelostthegoldtoCanadianathleteMaxParrot(agreatsnowboarder),”可知，这里应该继续介绍苏翊鸣的态度，选项D“他仍然很高兴有机会与他的偶像比赛。”符合。故选D。16．推理判断题。根据“Obviously,thisgenerationisfilledwith“bravewarriors”whowanttochallengeimpossibilitiesandpushlimits．”可以推出，本文说明了中国的年轻人敢于挑战极限。故选D。17．篇章结构。根据“Theyaredrawingtheattentionoftheworld．Theyaretheforcethatisgoingtoshapeourfuture．Whoarethey?Theyaretheyounggenerationwhowerebornafter2000．”可知，第一段是总说；②③④用谷爱凌和苏翊鸣的示例来说明；第⑤段总结了中国的年轻人敢于挑战极限，但也享受他们的事业。因此本文的结构是：①/②③④/⑤。故选C。18．B19．A20．D21．D【难度】0．4【知识点】科普知识、说明文【导语】本文主要讲述了一本畅销书《意志力：重新发现我们最大的力量》，以及书中的一个著名试验，告诉我们意志力对人们的生活有着很大的影响。18．细节理解题。根据“Theyweregiventwochoices:theycouldeithereatitor,iftheywaitedfifteenminutes,they’dbegivenasecondoneandthentheycouldeatboth．”可知，等15分钟后，可以吃两个棉花糖。故选B。19．细节理解题。根据“Imaginethis．There’sanappleandapieceofcakeonatable．Whichonewouldyoulike?Thedeliciouscakeorthehealthyapple?．．．suggeststhatwillpower(意志力)istheabilitytomakedecisionsthatarebetterforusinthelongterminsteadoftheshortterm．”可知，作者通过做一个测试来解释意志力。故选A。20．推理判断题。根据“Anddailywillpowerexerciseswillhelpyouwiththosebiggergoals”可知，每天的意志力训练会帮助你实现更大的目标，由此推知，坚强的意志力可以帮助人们实现目标。故选D。21．篇章结构题。第一段引出对意志力的探讨；第二、三段介绍棉花糖实验；第四段进一步解释意志力、第五、六段介绍需要注意的问题；第七段总结“棉花糖实验”Mischel教授的看法。二、三、七是并列关系，都是与“棉花糖实验”相关。故选D。22．A23．B24．D25．D26．E27．B28．D29．G30．A【难度】0．4【知识点】方法/策略、青少年问题【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有越来越多的研究证明，玩太多游戏会改变你的大脑结构，并介绍了如何远离游戏。26．根据“Ifyouanswer‘yes’tosomeorevenallofthesequestionsabove,maybeyouareintroublewithyourself”可知，如果你对上面这些问题的部分甚至全部回答“是”，也许你有麻烦了，故接下来应是采取的措施。选项E“那是时候关掉你的电脑，仔细阅读这篇文章了”符合语境。故选E。27．根据“Moreandmoreresearchhasprovedthattoomuchgamingcanchangeyourbrainstructure(构造)”和“Yourloveforgamesistakingawayyourfreedomtocontrolyourownfuture”可推测出，空格处应是大脑构造变化所导致的后果。选项B“大脑结构的改变会导致一些身体疾病”符合语境。故选B。28．根据“Andthosewayswillmakeyoustartfeelinggoodaboutyourlifeagain”可知，空格应表达有一些方法是可以用来帮助自己的。选项D“幸运的是，有一些方法可以帮助你自己”符合语境。故选D。29．根据“Thefirstisto．．．Next．．．”和“Assoonasyouwinaround,doyourhandsmovetostartanewgamewithoutthinkingtwice”可知，空格处也是方法之一，且应与自己玩游戏时的感受相关。选项G“最后，想想你在玩你最喜欢的游戏时的感觉”符合语境。故选G。30．根据“Theycanhelpyoutotakeupotherhobbies”可知，空格处应为帮助自己建立新爱好的方法。选项A“你可以从朋友那里得到帮助”符合语境。故选A。31．required/asked【难度】0．4【知识点】ask、require、一般现在时的被动语态【详解】句意：所有的学生都被要求上课认真听讲。本题考查requiresb．todosth．/asksb．todosth．表示“要求某人做某事”，此处的主语是allthestudents，本句是被动句，require的过去分词是required，ask的过去分词是asked；sb．berequired/askedtodosth．表示“某人被要求做某事”。故填required/asked。32．mostvibrant【难度】0．4【知识点】oneofthe+最高级+名词复数【详解】句意：上海被认为是世界上最具活力的城市之一。vibrant“生机勃勃的”，oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最……之一”，故填mostvibrant。33．cotton【难度】0．4【知识点】cotton、名词作主宾表补定【详解】句意：这件女式衬衫是棉质的，根据汉语提示可知，棉花是cotton，不可数名词，故填cotton34．guard【难度】0．4【知识点】guard、动词不定式作目的状语【详解】句意：——刘邦的《大风歌》最后一行是什么？——是“安得猛士兮守四方！”。根据句意和所给单词的汉语意思可知，此处使用动词guard，toguard是动词不定式，在句中作目的状语，因此这里用动词原形。故填guard。35．(K)nowledge【难度】0．4【知识点】knowledge、名词作主宾表补定、不可数名词及其数的表达【详解】句意：知识来自质疑。此空缺少名词作主语，根据“comesfromquestioning”及首字母可知，知识来自质疑，knowledge“知识”，不可数名词，故填(K)nowledge。36．(f)orm【难度】0．4【知识点】intheformof、名词作主宾表补定【详解】句意：他们最需要的是钱，所以钱的形式的帮助将是非常受欢迎的。根据“sohelpinthe…ofmoneywillbeverywelcome”及首字母可知，此处指以钱的形式的帮助，intheformof“以……的形式”，故填(f)orm。37．(a)dmiring【难度】0．4【知识点】admire、动名词作宾语【详解】句意：自那以后，人们开始赏月和与家人分享月饼的传统。admirethemoon赏月，位于介词of后，作宾语，用动名词，故填(a)dmiring。38．(r)epaired【难度】0．4【知识点】repair、havesth．done、过去分词作补足语【详解】句意：我的电视机一定是出毛病了。我会找人修的。根据“TheremustbesomethingwrongwithmyTVset．”可知，电视机出毛病了，所以要修，“it”指的是电视机，和动词“repair”之间是被动关系，用“havesthdone”表达“让……被”。空处填过去分词repaired作宾补。故填(r)epaired。39．described40．wasborninto41．inhisearly20s42．isfullof43．leftbehind【难度】0．4【知识点】历史人物【导语】本文主要介绍了清代诗人纳兰性德。39．句意：王国维，一位著名的中国历史学家和诗人，描述纳兰性德为自北宋以来最好的诗人。根据“NalanXingdeasthebestpoetsincetheNorthernSongDynasty．”可知，这里是描述纳兰性德为自北宋以来最好的诗人，describe意为“描述”符合语义。此处描述过去发生的事，时态为一般过去时，空处应填动词describe的过去式described。故填described。40．句意：纳兰性德出身富贵名门，但是他的一生很悲惨。根据“awealthyandpowerfulfamily．”可知，这里指纳兰性德出身富贵名门，此处表示“出身”，备选词汇“beborninto(出身于)”符合语义。此处描述过去发生的事，时态为一般过去时，主语he是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填wasborninto。41．句意：他在二十出头失去了他挚爱的妻子，三十岁便不再活下去。根据“Buthelosthisbelovedwife”可知，此处表示“在他二十出头”，备选词汇“inhisearly20s(在他二十出头)”符合语义。故填inhisearly20s。42．句意：每次我读他为亡妻写的纪念诗时，我的脑海里就充满了悲伤。根据“mymind…sadness．”可知，我的脑海里就充满了悲伤，此处表示“充满了”，备选词汇“befullof(充满了)”符合语义。此处描述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语mymind是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填isfullof。43．句意：但是他留下的宝藏会永远与我们同在。根据“thetreasurehe…willstaywithusforever．”可知，他留下的宝藏会永远与我们同在，此处表示“留下”，备选词汇“leavebehind(留下)”符合语义。此处描述过去发生的事，时态为一般过去时，空处应填动词leave的过去式left。故填leftbehind。44．a45．talks46．reading47．following48．friends49．biggest50．their51．In52．Because53．children’s【难度】0．4【知识点】阅读【分析】短文主要介绍了2017年由艾琳·恩特拉达·凯利(ErinEntradaKelly)写的一本儿童漫画书《Hello,Universe》。本文从四个中学生的视角进行了研究。44．句意：“维吉尔·萨利纳斯是个害羞善良的男孩。”，观察句子，boy男孩，可数名词单数；再结合句意，这里应该用不定冠词a，故填：a。45．句意：“他只和他的宠物一只豚鼠说话。”，观察句子，这里缺少谓语动词，那么要考虑时态和语态，结合文章，这里是一般现在时。并且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用三单形式，故填：talks。46．句意：“她有算命和看星星的天赋。”，观察句子，have/hasagiftfordoingsth有做某事的天赋；所以这里应该用现在分词，故填：reading。47．句意：“她的妹妹Gen总是跟着她。”，观察句子be+always+v．ing表示总是在做，故填：fallowing。48．句意：“他们不是朋友，直到他们中的一个被困在井里。”，观察句子，注意到“Theyare”可知这里用名词复数形式，故填：friends。49．句意：“切特·布伦斯是附近最大的恶霸。”，观察句子，主意到“主语+谓语动+the+形容词最高级+范围”，故填：biggest。50．句意：“然后，Kaori、Gen和Valencia开始冒险，尽他们最大的努力拯救Virgil。”，观察句子，根据：tryone’sbesttodosth尽某人最大努力做某事，故填：their。51．句意：“最后。他们成为了最好的朋友。”，这里考查短语，“intheend最后”，故填：In。52．句意：“由于其美丽和有趣的故事，你好，宇宙赢得了2018年纽伯里奖章”，观察句子逻辑关系，应该是因为好的故事才得到奖章，故是因果关系，故填：Because。53．句意：“儿童文学领域的最高奖项”，观察句子，这里应该需要名词所有格，表示“…．的”，结合提示词，表示孩子的，故填：children’s。【点睛】本题型分两种情况：一种为已给单词提示；一种为不给单词提示。一、已给单词提示题型的技巧此类题可以考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握程度。单词形式变化主要有两种，一是词的形、数、式的变化，一是词的派生变化。在判断出词的变化之后还应该进一步审题，看是否需要使用复合的变化形式，这一点是很重要的。技巧一：名词形式变化。名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。技巧二：动词形式变化。动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。技巧三：代词形式变化。代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如noone／none、other／another等。技巧四：形容词、副词比较级变化。英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀一er和．est，或在词前Imore／less和most／least，且形容词的