2018-英语北师大版必修5导学笔记Unit13PeriodOne

AnartistinOakland，Californiaisusinghisskillstohelpthehomeless.GregKloehnbuildsverysmallsheltersthatmakelifeonthestreetsalittlemorefortable.Thestructuresofferthehomelesssomesafetyandprotectionfrombadweather.Eachlittlehousealsohaswheelsonthebottomsoitcangowhereveritsownergoes.GregKloehnhasgivenawayatleast20tinyhouses.Severalareontheroadsidenearanactiverailroad.Onarecentday，MrKloehnstopsatonetovisitOscarYoung.Thetwomenhug.InsidehislittleshelterMrYounggetsrelieffromcoldnightsonthestreets.MrKloehnalsovisitsSweetPea，anotherfriendwhoalsolivesinoneofthelittlehomestheartistbuilt.Shesaysitkeepshersafeandprotectsherbelongings.Inthemornings，MrKloehnsearchesthestreetsforbuildingmaterials.Hegatherswhathecanandtakesittohisstudio.There，heputsthehousestogether.Emptycoffeebagsbeeroofmaterial.Awashingmachinedoorandrefrigeratorpartbeewindows.Nails，screwsandthestickyglueholdallthepiecestogether.Theartistalsoattachesasmallelectricaldevice(设备)tothehouse.Thedeviceispoweredbythesun.Someofthepeoplelivingonthestreetsoncehadnormalhousesoftheirown.Butsomeofthepeoplesaytheyhavelearnedtolivewithlessandtheyarethankfultothatman.MrKloehnsayshisworkisnotasocialproject.Hesaysheisjustsomeoneusinghisskillstohelphishomelessneighbors.根据短文判断正(T)误(F)1．GregKloehnbuildsverysmallsheltersinordertomakemoremoney.(F)2．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatanactofkindnesshasmadepeoplefortableandgrateful.(T)PeriodOneWarmup&Lesson1EQ：IQⅠ.重点单词1．facialadj.面部的2．expressionn．表情；词语expressv．表达3．connectionn．联系；连接connectv．联系；连接4．giftedadj.有天赋的giftn．礼物；天赋5．accuratelyadv.精确地；准确地accurateadj.精确的6．academicadj.学术的7．predictvt.预言；预测predictionn．预言8．deservevt.应得；值得9．failuren．失败failvi.失败10．mistakenadj.错误的mistakevt.&n．错误；弄混11．associationn．联想；协会associatevt.联想12．possibilityn．可能性possibleadj.可能的13．disabilityn．残疾；无能力disabledadj.残疾的14．entirelyadv.完全地entireadj.完全的15．accusevt.控告，谴责Ⅱ.重点短语1．eupwith想出；拿出(解决方案等)2．drawup起草3．ontheotherhand另一方面4．getonwith与……相处5．dealwith对付；处理6．intermsof在……方面；就……而言7．bewillingto乐意8．reactto反应Ⅲ.重点句式1．evenif/though引导让步状语从句Eveniftheyneverseetheirresults，theyfeelthattheirIQiswhatdetermineshowwelltheyaregoingtodoinlife.即使永远看不到自己的测验结果，他们仍然感到自己的智商决定了他们将来在生活中的发展状况。2．that引导宾语从句(第二个that不可省略)Whentheyseeotherstudentsdoingbetterthanthem，theyusuallybelievethatthosestudentshaveahigherIQandthatthereisnothingtheycandotochangefacts.当看到其他学生比他们做得出色时，他们通常认为那些学生拥有更高的智商，而自己却无法改变事实。3．while作并列连词WhileyourIQtellsyouhowintelligentyouare，yourEQtellsyouhowwellyouuseyourintelligence.你的智商表明你的聪明程度，而你的情商告诉你怎样能很好地利用自己的聪明才智。4．Itisbelievedthat...人们相信……ItisgenerallybelievedthatpeoplewithhighEQsareopentonewideasandhavepositiveattitudestowardslife.人们普遍相信，拥有高情商的人易于接受新思想，并且对人生有着积极的态度。5．beas＋adj.；ifnot＋比较级＋than...即使不比……，至少也和……一样……TheresultsofstudiessuchastheseshowthatEQisasimportant，ifnotmoreimportantthanIQ.像这样的研究结果表明，即使情商不比智商更重要，至少也与智商同样重要。Ⅰ.课文判断正(T)误(F)1．It’ssaidthatEQgetsyouhiredatwork.(F)2．EQisnottheoppositeofIQ.(T)3．ProfessorSaloveymaythinkaperson’sIQcouldberaised.(T)4．Peoplewhocanbetteradapttotheenvironmentaremorelikelytosurviveandsucceedinlife.(T)5．PeoplewithhighEQsareeasilytroubledbyobstacles.(F)6．PessimistsdifferfromoptimistsinEQ.(T)Ⅱ.课文阅读理解1．AccordingtoProfessorSalovey，whatfactormattersthemostinpredictingwhetherapersonwillbesuccessfulornot?A．Howapersontestshis/herbrainpower.B．Aperson’scharacter.C．Howsmartapersonis.D．Aperson’sIQ.答案B2．Thefourthparagraphtellsusthat.A．peoplewhohaveahighIQalwayshaveahighEQB．EQistheoppositeofIQC．peoplewhohavealowEQtendtohaveahardlifeD．peoplewhohaveahighEQalwayshaveahighIQ答案C3．WhatdidProfessorMayerfindfromhisstudyofnormalstudentsbeingintroducedtosomedisabledones?A．Thedisabledstudentsbecamemorepositiveandmoreeagertotrynewthings.B．Therewasnochangeinthenormalstudents.C．Thedisabledstudentsweremorewillingtohelpothers.D．Studentswithdisabilitieswerenotopenintryingnewthings.答案A4．Whichofthefollowingisthewriter’sattitudetowardsEQandIQ?A．IQismorehelpfultopeoplethanEQ.B．IQcanberaisedbyunderstandingandmunication.C．EQcangetpeoplehired.D．AhighEQisofgreatbenefitingettingpeoplepromoted.答案D5．Thepassagemainlytalksabout.A．theroleplayedbyIQB．theroleplayedbyEQC．theresearchesdonebyProfessorsSaloveyandMayerD．thesuccessinone’scareer答案BⅢ.课文难句分析1．Atwork，itisIQthatgetsyouhiredbutitisEQthatgetsyoupromoted.[句式分析]本句是一个由but连接的并列句，atwork是状语；but前后的并列句都是强调句型：itis...that...。[自主翻译]在工作上，是智商使你被录用，但使你得到提升的却是情商。2．Supportedbyhisacademicresearch，ProfessorSaloveysuggeststhatwhenpredictingsomeone’sfuturesuccess，theircharacter，asmeasuredbyEQtests，mightactuallymattermorethantheirIQ.[句式分析]句首的过去分词短语Supportedbyhisacademicresearch作状语；thatwhen...theirIQ是that引导的宾语从句，其中whenpredicting...success作时间状语，asmeasuredbyEQtests作方式状语。[自主翻译]萨洛维教授以自己的学术研究作为依据，认为预测一个人未来的成功，其性格(可用EQ来测量)实际上比其智力(可用IQ测量)的作用更为重要。重点词汇1．YouareagiftedstudentwhoalwaysgetsAsinexams，butyouhavejustfoundoutyougotaCinarecenttest.你是一个有天赋的学生，考试经常得A，但在最近的一次考试中，你发现自己只得了C。(1)giftedadj.有天赋的begiftedin/at在……方面有天赋begiftedwith(天生)具有……(2)giftn．天赋；礼物haveagiftfor对……有天赋(1)Brianisgiftedinwritingmusic；heisverylikelytobeaBeethoven.布雷恩在创作音乐上极有天赋，他很有可能成为一个像贝多芬那样的人。(2)Beforetheschoolyearended，Igavethekidsaspecialgift.在学年结束前我给了孩子们一个特别的礼物。(2017·全国Ⅱ)[介词填空](3)Shewasgiftedwithacharmingsmile.(4)Hehasagiftforwritingsongs.2．Analyseyourproblemsandeupwithaplantoimproveyourgrade.分析你的问题并想出一个计划来提高你的成绩。eupwith想出；提出；赶上；超过eabout发生eacross偶然发现；偶遇eon快点；演出eout开花；出版eup走近；被提出注意：eupwith是及物动词短语，主语一般是人；eup是不及物动词短语，无被动语态。(1)Icameupwithhiminthelastround.我在最后一圈追上了他。(2)Icameacrosssomeoldphotosunderthebedtheotherday.不久前的一天我在床底下偶然发现了一些老照片。(3)Howdiditeaboutthathewaslateforsuchanimportantmeeting?那么重要的会议他怎么会迟到呢？(4)Itissaidthathernewalbumwilleoutnextmonth.据说她的新专辑将在下个月发行。(5)Somethingunexpectedcameupatthemeetingthatday.那天会上出现了意想不到的事情。[单句改错](6)Somegoodsolutionswereeupeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(with))byanoldmanyesterday.3．Drawupanagendaanddiscussitwiththegroup.起草一份议程表，并与小组成员进行讨论。drawup拟定，制定，起草；车辆到达某处停下drawback收回；退却；撤回，取消建议、计划、诺言等drawnear/close靠近drawaconclusion得出结论drawone’sattention吸引某人的注意力(1)Thecabdrewupoutsidethehouse.出租车在房子外面停了下来。(2)Atthesightofthesnake，hedrewback，fulloffear.一看到蛇，他便惊恐地向后退。(3)Whenwedrewnear/close，Inoticedthatthefrontdoorwasopen.当我们走近一些时，我看到前门开着。(4)Iwaswalkinginthestreetwhenabirddrewmyattention.我在街上正走着，这时一只鸟吸引了我的注意力。[单句改错](5)Theconclusioneq\f(drawing,drawn)fromthesefactsdidn’tmakesense.4．Supportedbyhisacademicresearch，ProfessorSaloveysuggeststhatwhenpredictingsomeone’sfuturesuccess，theircharacter，asmeasuredbyEQtests，mightactuallymattermorethantheirIQ.萨洛维教授以自己的学术研究作为依据，认为预测一个人未来的成功，其性格(可用EQ来衡量)实际上比其智力(可用IQ测量)的作用更为重要。(1)predictvt.预言，预测predict＋sth./that...预言……Itispredictedthat...据预测……(2)predictionn．预报；预言makeaprediction作出预测(1)Itispredictedthataheavyrainisontheway.据预测，要下一场大雨了。(2)Notmanypeopleagreewiththegovernment’sprediction(predict)thattheeconomywillimprove.没有多少人赞同政府认为经济会改善的预测。[一句多译](3)这个年轻的护士预言她会嫁给一名医生。①Theyoungnursepredictedthatshewouldmarryadoctor.(predict)②Theyoungnursemadeapredictionthatshewouldmarryadoctor.(prediction)5．Forexample，haveyoueverwonderedwhysomeofthesmarteststudentsinyourclass，whoyouthinkdeservegoodgrades，sometimesendupfailingexams?例如，你想过为什么班里有些你认为应该得到高分数的最聪明的学生，有时会考不及格呢？deservevt.应得；值得；应受deserve＋n./pron./todo值得……，应得……deservedoing＝deservetobedone值得被做deserveconsideration/attention值得考虑/注意注意：和deserve用法相似的词有need，require，want等，其后面的v.ing形式用主动形式表示被动意义。此时v.ing形式可用不定式的被动式替换。(1)IworkhardandIthinkIdeservepayingwell/tobewellpaid.我工作努力，我认为我该领到高工资。[句型转换](2)Ifyoudowrong，youdeservepunishment.→Ifyoudowrong，youdeservepunishing.→Ifyoudowrong，youdeservetobepunished.endupdoing...结果是……；以……告终endupwith以……结束后接表示具体事物的名词endupin以……结束后接表抽象概念的名词endupas...最终变成……(3)Atthedinnerweusuallybeginwithsoupandendupwithfruit.在宴会上，通常开始的是汤，最后是水果。(4)Evenasuccessfulinventormakesmanyexperimentsthatendupinfailure.即使是成功的发明家也有许多以失败告终的实验。(5)Hehadalwayswantedtobeawriterbutendedupasateacher.他立志当作家，结果却当了老师。[单句改错](6)Atfirsttheyhatedeachother，buttheyendedupeq\f(bee,being)goodfriends.6．PerhapstheirfailureisbecauseoftheirlowEQ.可能他们的失败是由于他们的低情商。(1)failuren．失败；失败者；不足；破产注意：failure作不可数名词时，意思是“失败”；作可数名词时，意思是“失败的人或事”。(2)failvi.失败failinsth.在某事上失败failtodosth.未能做成某事(1)Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillhelpshapeyouryearahead.到了年底，快速回顾一下自己的成功和失败；这会有助于你为未来的一年做好规划。(2017·江苏)(2)Hefelthewouldbefailinginhisdutyifhedidnotreportit.他认为如果他不报告这件事就是失职。(3)Ifailtosee(see)whyyouwon’tevengiveitatry.我不懂你为什么连试一试都不愿意。[单句改错](4)Thelittletramp，whohasrushedtoAlaskainsearchofgold，isasocialfailurewithouta\success.7．Somearetryingtostudythepossibilityofimprovingaperson’sEQ，especiallyintermsof“peopleskills”，suchasunderstandingandmunication.有些(科学家)正在尝试研究改善一个人的EQ的可能性，特别是在“人际方面”，例如理解能力和交际能力。intermsof谈及，就……而言；在……方面inthelong/shortterm从长远/短期看etotermswith...与……达成协议，妥协beongood/badtermswithsb.与某人交情好/不好(1)Inthelongterm，theprojectwillbenefitthelocalvillagers.从长远看，这个工程会对当地村民有利。(2)Theyoungcouplehaveetotermswitheachotherthattheywon’thaveababy.这对年轻夫妇已达成共识：不要孩子。(3)SheisongoodtermswithMaryandoftenoffershersomegoodadvice.她和玛丽很要好，经常给玛丽一些好的建议。[熟词生义]写出句子中黑体词的汉语意思(4)“Cat”isageneraltermforcats，lionsandtigers.术语；词语[高级表达](5)Asfarasquantityisconcerned，productiongrewfasterthaneverbefore.(用介词短语改写)→Intermsofquantity，productiongrewfasterthaneverbefore.8．Themanwasaccusedofstealingmoney.那个人被控告盗窃钱财。(1)accusevt.控告；谴责accusesb.of(doing)sth.控告/谴责某人(做)某事(2)chargesb.with(doing)sth.控告/指责某人(做)某事(3)常见“vt.＋sb.＋ofsth.”结构归纳：robsb.ofsth.抢劫某人某物cheatsb.ofsth.骗取某人某物informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事(1)Couldyouremindmeofthemeetingtomorrow?你能提醒我明天的会议吗？(2)Thewomanaccusedhimofstealingherwatch.＝Thewomanchargedhimwithstealingherwatch.这个女人控告他偷她的表。[高级表达](3)Themanwasaccusedofstealingmoney；hewasbroughttothecourt.(改为非谓语动词作状语)→Accusedofstealingmoney，themanwasbroughttothecourt.经典句式1．WhileyourIQtellsyouhowintelligentyouare，yourEQtellsyouhowwellyouuseyourintelligence.你的智商表明你的聪明程度，而你的情商告诉你怎样能很好地利用自己的聪明才智。在此句中while作并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表示前后意义的对比和转折。while用作从属连词时：(1)表示“在……期间；当……的时候”，指一段时间，不能用来表时间点。(2)表示“虽然，尽管”，相当于though或although引导的让步状语从句，多放于句首。(1)MostofmyclassmateswantedtogotoaparkwhileIhadanideaofgoingtoanicerplace.我的大部分同学想去公园，而我想去一个更好的地方。(2015·浙江)(2)While(Iwas)walkingalongthestreet，Iheardmynamecalled.当我在沿街散步的时候，我听见有人叫我。(3)While(heis)notveryrich，heoftenhelpsthoseinneed.虽然他并不是很富裕，但是他经常帮助处于困境中的人们。2．ItisgenerallybelievedthatpeoplewithhighEQsareopentonewideasandhavepositiveattitudestowardslife.人们普遍认为，拥有高情商的人易于接受新思想，并且对人生有着积极的态度。本句使用了“Itbe＋v.­ed＋that...”结构。英语中，在不便或不必指明某看法、说法或消息的来源时，往往使用“Itbe＋v.­ed＋that...”结构。此结构中it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。常见的用于这种结构的动词有：believe，think，say，report，expect，decide，suggest，require，order，know等。以上句式可转换为以下几种表达以Itissaidthat...为例：Itissaidthat...＝Sb.issaidtodo/tobedoing/tohavedonesth.(1)Itissaidthatsheisgoodatsinginganddancing.＝Sheissaidtobegoodatsinginganddancing.据说她能歌善舞。(2)Itisrequiredthatwe(should)arriveatthestationatabout11：00.按要求我们应该在十一点左右到达车站。[句型转换](3)Itisexpectedthatanewhospitalwillbebuilthere.(改为简单句)→Anewhospitalisexpectedtobebuilthere.(4)Hersonisreportedtohavegoneabroadalready.(改为复合句)→Itisreportedthathersonhasgoneabroadalready.3．TheresultsofstudiessuchastheseshowthatEQisasimportant，ifnotmoreimportantthanIQ.像这样的研究结果表明，即使情商不比智商更重要，至少也与智商同样重要。(1)beas＋adj.，ifnot＋比较级＋than...表示“即使不比……，至少也和……一样……”。该句型中既含有同级比较，又含有比较级。其中，ifnotmoreimportantthanIQ是状语从句的省略，相当于ifitisnotmoreimportantthanIQ。(2)在while，when，until，unless，if，once等引导的状语从句中：①如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句中有动词be时，则可以省略从句的主语和be动词；②如果从句的主语为it，谓语部分为be动词时，亦可以省略itbe。(1)Heisasfat(asher)，if(heis)notfatterthanher.他即使没有她胖，但至少也跟她一样胖。(2)When(Iwas)young，Ilookedatsuchthingsquitedifferently.我小时候对这些事物的看法是完全不同的。(3)Theprojectishardtostoponcebegun(begin)．这个工程一旦启动就很难停下来了。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Weallthinkthatsheisextremelyagifted(gift)poet.2．Iwasdelayed—somethingcameupathome.3．Icouldtellitfromherfacialexpression(express)．4．Thereisnopossibility(possible)thathewillsurvivetheaccident.5．Asweallknow，failure(fail)isthemotherofsuccess.6．WhenIenteredhisroom，Ifoundhimconcentratingonhishomework.7．Thesesuggestionsdeserveseriousconsideration(consider)8．Sheisoftenbusywithsomehouseworkwhileherhusbandsitsaroundallday.9．Thewitnesscoulddescribetheaccidentaccurately(accurate)．10．Theyoungmanwasaccusedofhavingstolensomeoldputers.Ⅱ.完成句子11．如果这本小说出版，一定会成为当年的畅销书之一。Thenovelwillbeeoneofthebestsellersoftheyearif(itis)published.12．人们相信春天是一年中最好的季节。Itisbelievedthatspringisthebestseasoninayear.13．毫无疑问他最终会成功的。Thereisnodoubtthathewillsucceedatlast.14．2017年他是在北京看了这部新电影。ItwasinBeijingthathesawthenewfilmin2017.15．他很喜欢历史，而他的妹妹很喜欢音乐。Heisfondofhistorywhilehissisterlikesmusicverymuch.Ⅲ.课文语法填空MoststudentsbelievethatitisIQthatdetermineshowwellthey’regoingtodoinlife.However，newresearchintoEQsuggeststhatsuccessisnotsimplytheresultofahighIQ.ProfessorSalovey,16.whoinventedthetermEQ，givesthefollowing17.description(describe):Atwork，itisIQthatgetsyou18.hired(hire)butitisEQthatgetsyoupromoted.19.Supported(support)byhisacademicresearch，ProfessorSaloveysuggeststhatwhen20.predicting(predict)someone’sfuturesuccess，theircharactermightactuallymatter21.more(much)thantheirIQ.Hemaybecorrect.Forexample，haveyoueverwonderedwhysomeofthesmarteststudentsinyourclass，whoyouthinkdeservegoodgrades，sometimesendup22.failing(fail)exams?PerhapstheirfailureisbecauseoftheirlowEQ.Peopleareoften23.mistaken(mistake)inthinkingthatthosewithhighIQsalwayshavehighEQsaswell.TheresultsofstudiesshowthatEQisasimportant,24.ifnotmoreimportantthanIQ.Togetaheadintheworldandlead25.ahappysuccessfullifemeansgettingonwithotherpeopleandbeingabletounderstandandreacttosituationsinthebestwaypossible.Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018·山东历城二中高二月考)DavidBeckhamwasbornin1975inLondon，ataplacecalledLeytonstone.Whenhewasayoungboy，hisgreatestpassionwasinfootball.Heplayeditwheneverhehadthechance.Sometimeshewouldgoandwatchagamewithhisfriends.WhenDavidBeckhamwas12yearsold，hewontheBobbyCharltonSoccerSkillsaward.Thiswasanimportantstepforwardforthisyoungboy，anditledhimtogoforavisittoafootballtrainingcampinSpain.AsaboyheplayedforschoolsofEssexandalsoforhiscountyteam.In1991，hebecameatraineewithManchesterUnited.ThismeantthathecouldpracticefootballasmuchashewantedtoandplayforthehighlysuccessfulManchesterUnitedYouthCupteamandUnder21team.InApril,1995heplayedhisfirstfootballleaguegameagainstLeedsUntied.During1995and1996，DavidbecamearegularmemberoftheteamandManchesterUnitedwoninbothfootballseasons，withDavidscoringmanygoals.Hisgoalsmadehimahouseholdname.Inthefirstgameofthe1996－1997season，hescoredasurprisinggoalfrombeyondthehalfwayline;seeingthegoalkeeperalittlewayoutofhisgoal，Beckhambecamefamousovernight.Hecontinuedtoscoreastonishinggoals，especiallyfromfreekicks.Thespeedofoneofhisshotswastimedat157kph.Healsohadtheabilitytomaketheballgofromlefttoright，orrighttoleft，wheneverhechose.Goalkeeperswereneversurewheretheballwasgoing，anditregularlyendedupinthegoal.eq\x(语篇解读本文主要介绍了大卫·贝克汉姆从少年到家喻户晓的球星的成长历程。)1．Whichwordcantaketheplaceoftheunderlinedword“passion”inParagraph1?A．Success. B．Interest.C．Prize. D．Skill.答案B解析词义猜测题。根据下一句“Heplayeditwheneverhehadthechance.”可知，小贝克汉姆只要有机会就踢足球，说明他十分热爱足球。故选B。2．Theunusuallysurprisingwaythathescoredgoals.A．helpedhimtogainmanyprizesforEssexB．kepthimplayingforLeedsUnitedC．offeredhimthechancetojointhenationalteamD．madehimpopularandfamous答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“hescoredasurprisinggoalfrombeyondthehalfwayline;seeingthegoalkeeperalittlewayoutofhisgoal，Beckhambecamefamousovernight”可知，在1996－1997年的第一季比赛中贝克汉姆踢了一个精彩的球，令人惊叹的脚法让他一举成名。故选D。3．WhichofthefollowingshowstherightorderofwhatBeckhamexperienced?a．Beckhamplayedhisfirstfootballleaguegame.b．BeckhamwontheBobbyCharltonSoccerSkillsaward.c．BeckhamplayedforManchesterUnitedYouthCupteam.d．BeckhamwenttoSpaintojoinafootballtrainingcamp.e．BeckhamplayedfortheschoolsofEssex.A．e，d，a，c，b B．b，e，d，a，cC．e，b，a，d，c D．b，d，e，c，a答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“WhenDavidBeckhamwas12yearsold，hewontheBobbyCharltonSoccerSkillsaward.”可排除A、C项；再根据第一段最后两句可知选D。4．Thepassagemainlytalksabout.A．howBeckhambecameasuccessfulfootballplayerB．whatabilitiesBeckhamhadtoscoresomanygoalsC．whenBeckhambecamefamousalloverBritainD．whyBeckhamcouldwininfootballleaguegames答案A解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要介绍了大卫·贝克汉姆是如何从少年到家喻户晓的球星的成长经历，故选A。B(2017·福州八市协作校高二期末)Despitebeingusedby1.24billionpeopleeachyear，travelingontheTubeinLondoncanactuallybequitelonely.Onecitizen，however，istryingtochangethis，“YougetontheTubeandit’spletelysilentandit’sweird，”saysJonathanDunne，whohasstartedaworldwidedialogueaftergivingoutbadges(徽章)withthewords“Tubechat？”lastmonth，encouragingpassengersinLondontogettalkingtooneanother，“Ihandedout500badgesduringrushhourinacityof8million，expectingmostofthemtobethrownaway，butafterabout24hoursitpletelysnowballed，”hesays.Dunneandhis“Tubechat”campaignhavesincebeenreportedbymediaacrosstheworld，seeingTVinterviewsinSweden，BrazilandtheUK，aswellascountlesswebsite，newspaperandmagazineappearances.AlthoughDunnesayshe’sreceivedmostlypositivefeedback，noteveryoneagreeswithhisidea.LondonerBrianWilsonrespondedwithacampaignofhisown，handingout500badgeswiththewords“Don’teventhinkaboutit”onthem.“IcanhardlystandtheideaofhavingtotalktostrangersontheTubeonmywaytowork，”hetoldtheBBC.MichaelRobinson,24，astudentfromLondon，agrees.“BeingontheTubeistheonlypeaceandquietsomepeoplegetontheirjourneystoandfromwork.Itdoesn’tneedtobespoiledbypeopleingupandchattingtoyou，”hesays.“PeopleassumethatIjustwalkupandtalktostrangers，whichIdon’t，butit’sbeenagreatwaytomeetpeopleyouwouldneverhavenormallyspokento，”Dunnesays.SoifyoueverendupusingpublictransportintheWest，whynotsayhellotothepersonnexttoyou？Justmakesuretocheckforabadgefirst.语篇解读在伦敦人们坐地铁很孤独，因为大家都不说话。为了改变这一现状，一位名叫JonathanDunne的人发起一项运动，鼓励人们在乘坐地铁时互相聊天，这项运动获得了很多人的认可，当然也有反对的声音。5．HowdidDunneencourageLondonpassengerstotalkwitheachother?A．ByputtinguppostersontheTube.B．Byadvocatinghisideaonthemedia.C．Byofferingpassengersspecialbadges.D．Bystartingadialoguewithpassengers.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...saysJonathanDunne，whohasstartedaworldwidedialogueaftergivingoutbadges(徽章)withthewords‘Tubechat？’lastmonth，encouragingpassengersinLondontogettalkingtooneanother...”可知，Dunne是通过发放徽章来鼓励乘地铁的人们互相交谈的。故选C项。6．HowisDunne’scampaigngettingalong?A．Ithascaughtinternationalattention.B．Ithasbeeaworldwidecampaign.C．Mostpassengershaverefusedtoacceptit.D．Wilsonhasmadegreateffortstopromoteit.答案A解析推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句“Dunneandhis‘Tubechat’campaignhavesincebeenreportedbymediaacrosstheworld，seeingTVinterviewsinSweden，BrazilandtheUK，aswellascountlesswebsite，newspaperandmagazineappearances.”可知，地铁聊天活动被许多国家的媒体报道，也就是引起了国际关注。故选A项。7．AccordingtoMichaelRobinson，whatshouldTubepassengersdo?A．Handintheirfeedbackintime.B．Walkupandtalktostrangers.C．Stopusingpublictransport.D．Enjoythepeacequietly.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段中MichaelRobinson说的话“BeingontheTubeistheonlypeaceandquietsomepeoplegetontheirjourneystoandfromwork.Itdoesn’tneedtobespoiledbypeopleingupandchattingtoyou...”可知，他认为对于有些人来说，乘地铁时是他们上下班途中可以得到的唯一的平静时刻，这片刻的宁静不能被聊天破坏。故选D项。8．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TubeChatorNotB．LonelyTravelinLondonTubeC．SilenceontheTubeD．TubePassengersWearingBadges答案A解析标题归纳题。通读全文，文章是围绕着Tubechat这一话题展开讨论的，这一话题引发了争议和分歧，由此A项最能概括文章的主旨。Ⅱ.七选五(2018·四川成都外国语学校高二期中)ThingsYouShouldStopDoingtoBeSuccessfulAreyouahappyperson？Howoftendoyouthinkofreasonswhyeveryonearoundyouissuccessfulthoughtheyarenotbetterthanyouingeneral？Whatdoyoudowrong？Herearesomethingsyoushouldstopdoingtobesuccessful.•9Differentpeoplemayinterpret“success”indifferentways:someofthemmeasureitinmoney，otherones—inpositivechangestopeoplearoundthemandtheworldingeneral.10Don’twor