Unit3TheworldofScienceUsinglanguage现在完成时的被动语态语法讲练课件-高一下学期英语外研版

author:Miss.LiuUnit3Theworldofscience语法讲练

现在完成时的被动语态【语法导图】现在完成时的被动语态概述构成用法注意事项肯定式否定式一般疑问式特殊疑问式强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能一直持续下去只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时,将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语带有双宾语的动词变为被动语态时,一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语。若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语,间接宾语前面要用相应的介词用于时间或条件状语从句中一、概述Eg:Ourbedroomhasbeencleaned,soyouneedn’tcleanitagain.现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性动作,有两层含义:①动作已完成,强调对现在造成的影响或结果;②主语与谓语动词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。我们的卧室已经被打扫过了,所以你不需要再打扫一遍了。Theseflowershavebeenwatered.Youcantakephotoswiththem.这些花已经浇过水了,你可以拍合照了。二、构成肯定式主语+have/hasbeendone...否定式主语+have/hasnotbeendone...一般疑问式Have/Has+主语+beendone...?特殊疑问式特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+beendone...?【即学即练】1.Papermoney____________(use)foroverathousandyears.2.--____________theletter____________(send)toMr.Black?--No.Itisstillonthedesk.3.Youcanseethehouse___________________(not,paint)foryears.4.--WhydoesMarylooksounhappy?--She__________________(laugh)atbyherclassmates.5.自1990年以来，这家工厂生产了多少辆汽车？Howmanycars_________________bythefactorysince1990?hasbeenusedHasbeensenthasnotbeenpaintedhasbeenlaughedhasbeenproduced1.现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样,强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,通常与already,yet,just,never,recently等副词连用。2.表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能一直持续下去,常与for或since引导的时间状语连用,或用于howlong..?句型。Eg:Howlonghaveyoubeenemployedbythiscompany?你受雇于这家公司多久了?Thefinancialproblemhasbeendiscussedfornearly3hours.这个财政问题已经讨论了接近3小时了。三、用法Eg:Youshouln’thavearestbeforeyourhomeworkhasbeenfinished.在你完成作业之前,你不应该休息。3.用于时间或条件状语从句中,表示将来的某个时间已经完成的动作,也就是用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有:recently,lately,sincethen,eversince,bynow,foralongtime,ever,inrecentyears,yet,already,sofar等等。【点拨】四、注意事项1.只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时,将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。Eg:Hisbosshasalreadypunishedhim.→Hehasalreadybeenpunishedbyhisboss.他的老板已经惩罚了他。2.带有双宾语的动词,比如give,bringtell,send,take,teach,show,make,sing,read,sell,buy,pay,lend,pass等,变为被动语态时,一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语。若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语,间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。Eg:Thecompanyhasgivenhimachancetoworkabroadrecently.→Hehasbeengivenachancetoworkabroadrecentlybythecompany./Achancetoworkabroadhasbeengiventohimrecently.最近公司给了他一次出国工作的机会。【即学即练】一、把下列句子转为被动句。1.Ihaven’tfoundmyschoolbag.→__________________________________________.2.Hehassoldoutallhisbikesintheshop.→_____________________________________________________.3.Peoplehavecutdownmanybigtreesslongthestreamtobuildhouses.→______________________________________________________________________4.Theyhavespentlargequantitiesoffundsinbringingupthethreechildren.→______________________________________________________________________Myschoolbaghasn’tbeenfoundbymeAllhisbikesintheshophavebeensoldoutbyhimManybigtreesalongthestreamhavebeencutdownbypeopletobuildhouses.Largequantitiesoffundshavebeenspentbytheminbringingupthethreechildren.二、单句语法填空1.Overthepasttenyears,thistown_________________(hit)twicebyearthquakes.2.Theconstructionofthelaboratory_________________(complete)bytheendoflastyear.3.Theshopisreportedto___________________(break)intolastnightinthelocalnewspaper.4.Sincethecauseofthisdisease___________________(discover),nowweneedtodevelopthemedicinetotreatit.5.Agreatdealofmoney___________________(spend)insavingthelivesofthetrappedminerssincelastweek.hasbeenhithadbeencompletedhavebeenbrokenhasbeendiscoveredhasbeenspent6.EveryyearafloodoffarmersarriveinShenzhenforthemoney-makingjobsthey____________________(promise)beforeleavingtheirhometowns.7.Bynow516ConfuciusInstitutes___________________________(found)in142countriesandregions,accordingtotheConfuciusInstituteHeadquarters.8.Thesinger'smusicvideo___________________(view)nearly9milliontimessinceitwaspostedontheInternetfourweeksago.9.Shehasachievedsuccessinwriting,andhascompletedalargenumberofworks,whichoom____________________(translate)intofortylanguagessofar.10.Inthelastfewmonths,Kenny_______________(fine)morethan1,000dollarsforsellingillegaldrugs.havebeenpromisedhavebeenfoundedhasbeenviewedhavebeentranslatedhasbeenfined二.语法与写作1.我想买那种布,因为有人告诉我那种布很耐洗。IwanttobuythatkindofclothbecauseI___________________________________.2.你的任务一完成,你就可以回家了。Youcangohomeassoonasyourtask________________________.3.当你把试卷拿回来的时候,要特别注意被标记的内容。Whenyougetthepaperback,payspecialattentionto_____________________________.4.有多少次你被告知不要玩火? Howmanytimes________________________________fire? 5.在过去的几年里,世界各地已经制作了数千部电影。

Inthelastfewyears,________________________________________allovertheworld.havebeentoldtheclothwasheswellhasbeenfinishedwhathasbeenmarkedhaveyoubeentoldnottoplaywiththousandsoffilmshavebeenproduced三.语法与语篇用所给词的适当形式完成下面短文Theworld1_______________(turn)upsidedownsincetheinventionoftheInternetandtheintroductionofpersonalcomputers.ThetwininventionsofthepersonalcomputerandtheInternet2__________________(consider)tobeamongthetwomostimportanteventsofthelastcentury.Shopping3__________________(change)completelybynow.Moreandmorepeopleorderthingsfromclothestotoysandtofoodsonlineandhavethemdelivereddirectlytotheirhomes.Inaddition,soc