2024-2025学年高中英语Unit22EnvironmentalProtection课时跟踪练三Lesson2-Lesson3-Pre-reading含解析北师大版选修8

PAGEPAGE1课时跟踪练(三)Lesson2&Lesson3—PrereadingⅠ.阅读理解ANewOrleansnativeKeianaCavé，attheageof18,isoneoftheyoungestAmericansnamedinthe2024Forbes30Under30list.Thecollegegirldevelopedamolecule(分子)fordispersing(分解)oil,whichshepresentlyproducesthroughhercompanyMare.Forbes,oneofthemostpopularmagazinesintheUS,releaseditsannual30Under30listsonJanuary3,2024.With20differentcategories(类别)frommusictolawandpolicy,ineacharea,Forbespresented30up­and­comingyounggroundbreakersonitsofficialwebsite.Cavéiscomparativelymuchyoungerthanthoseselectedtohercategory,butthisbynomeansdiscountsherexceptionalability.Toseeherdaughter'snameonthelist.VanessaCavé­Herazowassurprised,butshesaidsheknewitwascomingbecause“Keianahasalwaysbeendestined(注定)forgreatthings.”AfterlearningaboutthenegativeeffectsoftheoildispersantusedintheGulfCoastduringtheB．P.oilspill(泄露)cleanup,Cavédecidedtocreateherowndispersant.Cavéraised$1.2millionfromChevron,anAmericanmultinationalenergycompany,todevelophermoleculein2024.“Itaimsatcertainpoisonsintheseawater,andbreaksthemupintowater，”shesaidofherdispersant.“Itisoneofthefewlegaloildispersants，”Cavéadded.Despitethisachievement,Cavébelievesshehasnotquiteyetreachedsuccess.Sheregardssuccessastheamountofinfluenceshehasmadeonthecommunityandtheworld.Thecreationofthemoleculeisanachievement,butshebelievesseeingherworkbeingputtousewilltrulybehersuccess.WhileCavémayhavemadetheForbes30Under30listearlyinhercareer,sheisnevergoingtoslowdown.ShewillmakeanefforttoincreasethegrowthofMare,whichisdevotedtodevelopingmoleculestosolvemajorsocialissues.“Rightnow,MareconsistsofthisonemoleculethatIhopetoexpandandliveuptotheForbesname，”Cavésaid.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。美国女高校生KeianaCavé独创了一种分子，能够合理分解海面上的油污。1．WhatcausedCavétocomeupwithherinvention?A．Hermother'sencouragement.B．Animperfectdispersantinuse.C．Thehugemarketofdispersants.D．HerwishtobeawardedbyForbes.解析：选B细微环节理解题。由第四段中的“AfterlearningaboutthenegativeeffectsoftheoildispersantusedintheGulfCoastduringtheB．P.oilspillcleanup,Cavédecidedtocreateherowndispersant.”可知，Cavé了解到之前用于漏油事务的化油剂具有负面作用后，确定独创一种新的化油剂。2．WhatcanwesayaboutCavé？A．Shehasaverygoodsenseofhumor.B．Shefindsithardtomanagehercompany.C．Shehasastrongsenseofsocialresponsibility.D．Sheisfedupwithnewstudiesaboutmolecules.解析：选C推理推断题。由倒数第三段中的“Sheregardssuccessastheamountofinfluenceshehasmadeonthecommunityandtheworld.”可知，Cavé具有很强的社会责任感。3．WhatwillCavé'snextstepbe?A．Tocreatelegaloildispersants.B．TodevelophercompanyMare.C．Toraisemoneyforherproject.D．ToenterChevronaftergraduation.解析：选B细微环节理解题。由最终两段内容可知，Cavé下一步安排努力发展她的公司Mare。4．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Toannounceacompetition.B．Todescribeanewcompany.C．Toadvertiseanoildispersant.D．Toreportonateenageinventor.解析：选D主旨大意题。本文旨在报道KeianaCavé这位青年女独创家的事迹。BEDINBURGH,Scotland—Nearlyhalfoftheworld's634typesofprimates(灵长类动物)areindangerofbecoming_extinctbecauseofhumanactivity,accordingtoascientificreviewreleasedonTuesday.ScientistsmeetingattheInternationalPrimatologicalSocietyCongressinEdinburgh,Scotland,asix­dayconferencethatopenedonSunday,hopethereportwhichcountsspeciesandsubspecies(亚种)ofprimatesacrosstheworldwillhelpspur(激励)globalactiontodefendprimatesfromdeforestationandhunting.Inthemostcomprehensivereviewoftheworld'sapes,monkeys,andlemurs(狐猴)in12years,primatologistswarnedthatspeciesfromthegiantmountaingorillasofcentralAfricatothetinymouselemursofMadagascarareonthe“RedList”forthreatenedspeciesmaintainedbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature.InAsia,morethan70%ofprimatesareclassifiedasvulnerable,endangeredorcriticallyendangered—meaningtheycoulddisappearsoon.“WhatishappeninginSoutheastAsiaisterrifying，”saidJean­ChristopheVie,deputychiefoftheIUCNSpeciesProgram.“Tohaveagroupofanimalsundersuchahighlevelofthreatis,quitefrankly,unlikeanythingwehaverecordedamonganyothergroupofspeciestodate.”InAfrica,11ofthe13kindsofRedColobusmonkeyassessedwerelistedascriticallyendangeredorendangered.Sometypesofthesmallrust­coloredmonkeyhavenotbeenseenin25or30years.“Itisnottoolateforourclosecousinstheprimates,andwhatwehavenowisachallengetoturnthisaround，”saidRussellA.Mittermeier,presidentofConservationInternationalandthechairmanoftheIUCNSpeciesSurvivalCommission'sprimatespecialistgroup.“Thereviewpaintsableakpicture.Someprimatesarequiteliterallybeingeatentoextinction.Butitisbynomeansadoomsday(世界末日).ThereisalotofwillhereamongthesescientistsinEdinburghandinthecountrieswhereprimateslive.”MittermeierpointedtorecentsuccessesinturningaroundpopulationssuchastheBlackLionTamarininBrazil,whichwasdowngradedtoendangeredfromcriticallyendangeredin2003thankstothreedecadesofconservationefforts.语篇解读：灵长类动物因为人类活动而面临灭亡，世界各国的动物爱护专家呼吁实行措施爱护它们。5．Primatesareindangerbecauseof________.A．climatechange B．naturaldisastersC．thespreadofdiseases D．humanactivity解析：选D细微环节理解题。依据第一段第一句“...primatesareindanger...becauseofhumanactivity...”可知，灵长类动物因为人类活动而面临灭亡。6．Theunderlinedwords“becomingextinct”inParagraph1arecloseinmeaningto“________”．A．notexistinganymoreB．losingtheabilityofgivingbirthC．losingtheabilityoffindingfoodD．beinginfectedwithmorediseases解析：选A词义揣测题。文章主要讲解并描述灵长类动物因为人类活动而面临灭亡，所以A项为正确答案。7．AccordingtoParagraph2,wecaninferthat________.A．SoutheastAsiaisterrifiedbyprimatesB．PrimatesinSoutheastAsiaareincriticaldangerC．therearemoredangerousanimalsinSoutheastAsiaD．monkeysinAmericaareindifferentdegreesofextinctioncomparedtootherareas解析：选B推理推断题。依据其次段中“WhatishappeninginSoutheastAsiaisterrifying...Tohaveagroupofanimalsundersuchahighlevelofthreat...”可知，在东南亚有一群动物受到极大威逼，其危急程度高于我们记录的任何其他物种受到的威逼，故选B。8．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．TheInternationalPrimatologicalSocietyCongressconferencelastedsixdays.B．ItisnotlatetotakemeasurestoprotectprimatesinMittermeier'sopinion.C．SeventypercentormoreprimatesarecriticallyendangeredinAsia.D．HumaneffortshavepaidoffinprotectingtheBlackLionTamarininBrazil.解析：选C细微环节理解题。依据短文其次段中的“InAsia,more...endangeredorcriticallyendangered—meaningtheycoulddisappearsoon.”可知，亚洲70%多的灵长类动物依据濒危程度划分为脆弱的、濒危的和极度濒危的，而不都是极度濒危的，故选C。CIseethepostseverytimeIlookthroughFacebook,withclearlylabeledgraphics(图文)thatjumpoutaspeoplesharethemacrosssocialmedia:“5thingsyoushouldneversaytosomeonewhoissad”，“8phrasesnospecialneedsmomwantstohear”...Ifthere'sagrouporarole,thereisanarticleforyou:moms,grandparents,thosedealingwithdeathetc.Buteventually,allwehearisDON'TSAY.Whilewemayhopetoavoidinsensitivecommentswithour_lists,_whatwearedoinginsteadiscausingpeoplenottosayanythingatall.Forfearofoffendingorsayingthe“wrong”thing,wearecreatingaworldwherepeoplearescaredofreachingout,ofshowingothersthattheydo,infact,trulycare.WhenourdaughterBrennawasbornillwithalife­threateningskindisorder,andinthemonthsandevenyearsfollowing,somanypeoplereachedoutfromallperiodsofourlives.Irememberveryfewoftheactualwordssaid,butIremembereverysinglepersonwhowasthereforus,whomadeitapointtotaketimefromtheirlivestoreachoutandexpresscareforourfamily.Ialsorememberthosepeoplewhodidn'tsayanything.I'msuretheyfeltuncomfortableordidn'tknowhowtoconveywhattheywantedto,butwhatitfeltlikeontheotherhandisthattheydidn'tcare.Makingthetimetosaysomethingtothoseinourlifewhoarehurting,whoneedencouragementisoneofthesimplestandmostmeaningfulwaysofcaringforthosearoundus.Itiseasytoavoidsituationsorexperienceswhenwearen'tsureoftherightwords.However,thetimingmayneverberightandthewordsmayneverfeelright.Expressingloveandcareisalwaystherightdecisionoversayingnothingatall.语篇解读：本文是夹叙夹议文。在社交网站上，我们常常会看到一些帖子，这些帖子告知我们这不能说，那不能说，其实作者不喜爱这些帖子。因为这些帖子会使人们畏首畏尾，不敢表达自己对别人的关切。9．Whydosuchpostsoftenappearonsocialmedia?A．Totellpeopletospeaklessanddomore.B．Toteachpeoplehowtobeagoodspeaker.C．Toremindpeoplenottosaysomethinghurtful.D．Topersuadeustopaymoreattentiontosomegroups.解析：选C推理推断题。由第一段“5thingsyoushouldneversaytosomeonewhoissad”，“8phrasesnospecialneedsmomwantstohear”以及下文内容可知，这些帖子提示我们不要说一些损害别人的话。10．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“ourlists”inParagraph3referto?A．Thingsweshouldnotsay.B．Differentgroupsorroles.C．Insensitivecomments.D．Whatwearedoing.解析：选A词义揣测题。由第三段“Whilewemayhopetoavoidinsensitivecomments...”可知，ourlists指的是我们不应当说的话。11．WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinParagraph4?A．Manypeopledon'tknowhowtocommunicatewithothers.B．Showingyourloveismoreimportantthanwhatissaid.C．Peoplemaybemisunderstoodiftheysaynothing.D．Specialneedsfamiliesmayneedpeople'shelp.解析：选B段落大意题。由第四段“Irememberveryfewoftheactualwordssaid,butIremembereverysinglepersonwhowasthereforus,whomadeitapointtotaketimefromtheirlivestoreachoutandexpresscareforourfamily.”可知，作者在本段想要告知我们：向别人表达出我们的爱比我们说的话更重要。12．What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．WhomIstillremembertheseyearsB．SayingnothingatallisnotawisedecisionC．ChoosingtherightwordsisnotsoimportantD．WhyI'mtiredofthe“ThingsNottoSay”posts解析：选D标题归纳题。作者在开头提出在社交网站上她常常会看到一些帖子告知我们哪些话不能说，以免说错了话，但是作者不喜爱这些帖子，因为这些帖子会使人们畏首畏尾，不敢表达自己对别人的关切。故D项作本文标题最佳。Ⅱ.阅读七选五ChrisClarkson,managingdirectoratsunshine.co.uk,hasshownthetravelskillsthatwillensuretroublestayswellawayfromyourhappyholiday.GetridofthefootwearItmaybesupertempting(迷人的)tobringeverypairofshoesyouownbutfootwearcanbebigandoftenweightysoit'simportantyoufightthedesire.__1__Youaren'tgoingtowearthem,eveniftheydogowithclothesyou'vepacked.Limityourselftotwoorthreepairsmaximumtomakeyoursuitcasemuchlighter.Ifyou'redeterminedtotakeapairthatyouknowisheavierthantherest,wearthemfortheflight.__2__Rollclothes,donotfoldManypeoplemaketheterriblemistakeoftryingtofoldtheirclothesintotheirlittlesuitcase.__3__Itactuallymakesfarmoresensetorollyourclothesratherthanfoldthem.Startingfromthebottom,rollupyourshirts,skirts,trousersanddressesintoverytightly(紧紧地)packedcylinders(圆柱体)whichyoucanputontopofeachother.Notonlydoesthisfreeupalotofroombutitalsopreventsyourclothesfromgettingwrinkled.UsevacuumbagswhenpossibleIfrollingdoesn'tfreeupenoughroomforyou,thebestalternativeistobuysomevacuumbagsandseal(密封)allofyourclothesuptightly.__4__Itwillcreateroom,allowingyoutotakemoreofwhat'sneeded.ResearchtheweatherbeforehandAgreatwaytopreventpackingclothesthatyoudon'tneedandwon'tevenendupwearingistoresearchwhattheweatheri