书面表达：应用文和读后续写常用句型

书面表达：应用文和读后续写常用句型汇总句型1：

Doing...,主+谓...

或者主+谓..,doing...(①表主动；②表进行)句型2:

Done...,

主+谓.../

主+谓...,done...(①表被动；②表完成)句型3:动作链：主+谓1...，谓2...，and

谓3...句型4：强调句型①

itis/was+被强调部分

+that+其他

强调句型②

Itis/wasnotuntil+

被强调部分+that+

其它部分句型5：with的复合结构：with+

宾语

+

宾补(adj/adv/介词短语/v-ing/v-ed/todo/n)句型6：独立主格结构：主1+谓语动词,主2+todo/v-ing/v-ed/n/adj/adv/介短句型7:

形容词/形容词短语作状语

句型8：方式副词(ly)，主＋谓...句型9：无灵主语

句型10：倒装句

句型1：Doing...,主+谓...或者主+谓..,doing...1.Herdadwasstillconscious,yelling(yell),“Onemoretry!”2."It'sOK,"Mamasaid,comforting(comfort)mewithahug.3.JanehuggedTomtightly,promisingshewouldneverquarrelwithhimanylonger.4.Whenwe’reknockeddownandcan'tmove,welookupandseeJenny,strugglingacrosstothefield,draggingherbucketsandcarryingherpillow.5.Shestoodbesideastand,watchingamiddle-agedmanbusydoinghisbusiness.6.Myfatherpattedmeontheshoulder,______________________(鼓励我永远不要放弃梦想).7.Westoodtherehopelessly,______________________________________(思考下一步做什么).8.__________________________________________(按照所给的建议),theysetouttocarryouttheproject.9.Afterthat,shebegantopersuadethemanager,_________________(祈求着并承诺着).10.Janewavedheryellowblousehard,________________________(希望被直升机看到).句型2:Done...,主+谓.../主+谓...,done...1.Seated(seat)comfortablyinthesofa,hecouldn'thelpfallingasleep.2.Situated(situate)atthefootofthemountain,thisvillageenjoysabeautifulenvironment.3.Seen(see)fromthetopofthehill,thetownlooksmorebeautiful.4.Inspired(inspire)byhisworks,Ihadsomenewideasaboutmydesign.5.Frightened(frighten)bytheterriblenoiseinthenight,thelittlegirldidn’tdaretosleepherownroom.(表示原因)6.Asked(ask)whyshedidit,themonitorsaiditwasherduty.(表示时间)7._____________________________(浇更多的水),theseflowerscouldhavegrownbetter.(表示条件)8._________________(对我所做的事情很满意),myteacherpraisedmeinclass.9.________________________(长在肥沃的土壤里),theseseedscangrowfast.10._________________________________(陷入沉思中),hedidn'thearthebell.11._____________________________(对他的毅力印象深刻),thecoachfinallygaveinwiththewarning,"IfyoumissONEgame,you'reout!"句型3:动作链：主+谓1...，谓2...，and谓3...1.Helookedupatthecar,steppedintotheroad,andheldupahandtostopme.2.Shedashedforward,kneltdownandgatheredhersonintoherarms.3.Thesingerglancedattheaudience,tookadeepbreathandbegantosing.4.Thechildrenrushedexcitedlytothelake,tookofftheirclothesandjumpedintothewater.5.Mymomopenedthepurse,tookoutfivedollarsandhandedittothepoorman.6.Immediately,she________________(立刻行动),_____(报名参加)thepostontheadvertisementand______________(耐心地等待).7.Shehelpedbandageknees,massagedbacksandgavethemtalks.8.She_____________(转过身)and___________thegun_________(把...指向)himand_________(开枪).9.Wantingtoappearfriendly,I_______________(弯下腰),___________(捡起)10.theballand____________(把它扔回去)ashardasIcould.11.He_________________(站起来),________(走向)thewindowand___________(苦思冥想).句型4：强调句型①itis/was+被强调部分+that+其他强调句型1).Heknewwhathadhappenedthen.Itwasthenthatheknewwhathadhappened.2).Anexcellentideaoccurredtomymindatthecrucialmoment.Itwasatthecrucialmomentthatanexcellentideaoccurredtome.3).MrSmith’skindnesshelpedmyfamilygetoverthedifficulties.(对划线部分进行强调)4).Hisattitudetowardslifemadeapositivedifferencetothecommunity.(对划线部分进行强调)5).Wecreatedaharmoniousatmospherewithsincerityandfaithfulness.(对划线部分进行强调)6).Whattheseindividualscontributetotheirplacesofworkmakesyourealizehowimportanttheyare.(对划线部分进行强调)②Itis/wasnotuntil+被强调部分+that+其它部分1.Hedidn’tknowwhathadhappeneduntilhegothome.→Itwasnotuntilhegothomethatheknewwhathadhappened.2.Theideaofaninternationaltreatywasnotproposeduntilthe1950s.→Itwasnotuntilthe1950sthattheideaofaninternationaltreaty(条约)wasproposed.3.Youwon’tsucceeduntilyoutrythreetimes.→Itisnotuntilyoutrythreetimesthatyouwillsucceed.4.Shewasn’tintroducedtoPierreCurieuntilthespringofthatyear.→ItwasnotuntilthespringofthatyearthatshewasintroducedtoPierreCurie.5.Shedidn'trememberherappointmentwiththedoctoruntilyesterday.→Itwasnotuntilyesterdaythatsherememberedherappointmentwiththedoctor.6.Ididn'trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntil/tillshetookoffherdarkglasses.→_______________________________________________________________7.Thestudentsdidn’tstoptalkinguntiltheteachercamein.→________________________________________________________________8.Ididn’treceivethemanager’sreplyuntilnearlyamonthlater.→_________________________________________________________________9.Ididn’tfindwehadalotincommonuntilwehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeks.→________________________________________________________________10.Ididn’tfinditreallyworthyofthereputationuntilIvisitedtheplace.→_____________________________________________直到我到桂林一看,果然名不虚传.11.Hedidn’tshowhimselfinhistruecolorsuntilhegainedpower.→_________________________________________________________________句型5：with的复合结构：with+宾语+宾补(adj/adv/介词短语/v-ing/v-ed/todo)一、with+宾语＋宾补(现在分词)1.Withpricesgoingupsofast,wecan'taffordluxuries.2.Withthecrowdscheering,theydrovetothepalace.3.Withexamsapproaching,it'sagoodideatoreviewyourclassnotes.4.Withtheexamscomingnextweek,Ihavenotimeforasociallife.5.Icycledoffdowntheroad_____________________________________(狗跟在后面).6.Hefellasleep_____________________________________(灯一直亮着).7.____________________________________________,wefoundthevillageeasily.(导游领着路)8.Thedaywasbright,_____________________________________.(吹着一股清风)二、with+宾语＋宾补(过去分词)1.Isatinmyroomforafewminuteswithmyeyesfixedontheceiling.2.Hesatinthechairwithhislegscrossed.3.Hesatthere__________________________________(眼睛闭着).4.Thekidswerecryingwiththeglassesbroken.5.___________________________(所有的工作完成后),theyhurriedbackhomeforlunch.6.Allafternoonheworked_____________________________(锁着门).7.1978endedwithnothingsettled.三、with+宾语+宾补(不定式todo)1.Withnoonetotalkto,Johnfeltmiserable.2.___________________________________(有很多工作要做),hewasn't3.allowedtogoout.4.Hewasahigh-earningbroker(高收入的经纪人)withmoneytoburn.5.Withalltheworktodo,Iwon'thavetinetogoout.6._______________________________________________(还有100米要跑),JonesandSavilleareneckandneck.7.Withsomanynewanimalstocarefor,largerfundswereneeded.四、with+宾语＋宾补(形容词)1.Iliketosleepwiththewindowsopen.2.______________________________(天气闷热),tentooneit’llrainpresently.3.Shewascyclingalongwithherbicyclebasketfullofshopping.4.Themeetingendedonasournotewithneithersideabletoreachagreement.5.Don’tspeak_______________________________(嘴巴满满的).五、with+宾语+宾补(副词)1.Hefellasleepwiththelighton.灯还亮着.2.Theboystoodtherewithhisheaddown.这个男孩低头站在那儿.3.Standwithyourlegsapartandyourweightevenlydistributed.双腿分开站立4.WithHabibaway,Hassan’sattitudeseemedtohavechanged.Habid不在5.IwasrushingalongwithmyheaddownwhenIcannonedintoanoldladywalkingtheotherway.低着头六、with+宾语+宾补(介词短语)1.Withthechildrenatschool,wecan’ttakeourvacationwhenwewantto.2.Thesoldierhadhimstandwithhisbacktohisfather.3.Thefrontdoorclosedwithacrashbehindhim.4.Thegirlappearedagain,nowwithalittlebabyonherback.6.Withsomanystrangefacesaroundher,thebabystartedtocry.句型6：独立主格结构主1+谓语动词,主2+todo/v-ing/v-ed/n/adj/adv/介短

独立主格：填上单词的正确形式：1).逻辑主语+不定式Noonetowake(wake)meup,Imightmissthetrain.Animportantlecturetobegiven(give)tomorrow,theprofessorhastostayuplateintothenight.2).逻辑主语+现在分词Theguideleading(lead)theway,wehadnotroublegettingoutoftheforest.Weatherpermitting(permit),theywillgoonanoutingtothebeachtomorrow.3).逻辑主语+过去分词Thetaskcompleted(complete),wehadaglobaltravelling.Whenintrouble,Lucywouldsitalone,headbent(bend).4).逻辑主语+名词Ireceivedmanygifts,manyofthembooks.Manystudentsjoinedinthemathscompetition,mostofthemchildrenofnomorethanten.5).逻辑主语+形容词TheTrojansasleep(睡着的),theGreeksoldierscreptoutofthehollowwoodenbooks.Thissectionofroadslippery(滑的),everydrivercanneverbetoocareful.6).逻辑主语+副词Musicover(结束),alltheaudiencestoodupwithfitsofapplause.Wefellasleep,allthelightson(开着).7).逻辑主语+介词短语Theteachercamein,abagunderhisarm(胳膊下面).Theboywentoff,apinwheelinhishand(在他手里).第二组：把下列句子改为独立主格结构：1).Asthegirlstaredathim,hedidn'tknowwhattosay.__________________________________________,hedidn'tknowwhattosay.2).Iftimepermits,wewillgoforanoutingtomorrow._______________________________,wewillgoforanoutingtomorrow.3).Astheproblemsweresolved,thequalityhasbeenimproved.___________________________________,thequalityhasbeenimproved.4).Becauseherglasseswerebroken,shecouldn'tseethewordsontheblackboard.______________________________,shecouldn'tseethewordsontheblackboard.5).Whenthetestwasfinished,webeganourholiday.__________________________________,webeganourholiday.6).Afterthepresidentwasassassinated(刺杀),thewholecountrywasindeepsorrow.__________________________________,thewholecountrywasindeepsorrow.句型7:形容词/形容词短语作状语(表感情类的)形容词/形容词短语，

主

+

谓主

+

谓，(表感情类的)形容词/形容词短语第一组：形容词/形容词短语作状语1).Eagerandexcited,shewavedherhands,tryingtoattractothers'attention.2).ToAnnie’sdelight,surroundedbyhisclassmates,Markseemedlikearockstar,cheerfulandproud.3).Exhaustedandscared,Janelaydownnearastone,missingherfamily.4).Andthentheyjumped,laughedandscreamed,totallyunawareofthepeoplepassingby.5).Desperateandhopeless,Janekneltdown,tearsstreamingdownherface.6).Shegotdisappointedandreturnedhome,continuouslyangryatherself.7).Istoodinthelivingroomdoorway,absolutelyshocked.8).Andthenheranofftoplay,unawareoftheimpacthe'dhadonme.第二组：形容词/形容词短语作状语1.Theoldwomansatinthechair,__________________(一动不动，一言不发).2._______________________________(又累又饿),hedraggedhisheavyfeethomeatmidnight.3.After10hoursofdriving,hegothome,_____________________(安然无恙的).4.Thecrimehidhimselfinthecorner,afraidofbeingcaught(害怕被抓住).5._________________________(害怕困难),hepreferredtotaketheeasiertask.6.Oldandyoung(年轻的年老的),everyonelikesmusic.7.________________(欣喜若狂),herushedtothestagereceivingtheawardthathewon.8.____________(成熟了的),theseapplesareliterallysweet.9.___________(无助且绝望),wewatchedthehousebeingdestroyedbeforeoureyes.10.Hefailedtogetpromoted,______________________(非常沮丧).11.Theystrolledinthethickforest,___________(完全没有意识到前面的危险).句型8：方式副词(ly)，主＋谓...1)_____________(gentle),shepickedupthefirstbaby,ranbackoutsideandlaiditonthesidewalk.2)Quickly(quick),shefollowedthesoundtoastream.3)_________________(curious),Iaskedwhyshehelpedme.4)_________________(patient),fatherinstructedustoputupthetent.5)__________________(attentive),welistenedtotheteacherinclass.6)________________(amazing),theboysrecoveredsoon.7)Fortunately(fortunate),thecatwasstillalive,thoughbadlyinjured.8)___________________(incredible),histwofriendsdidn’tcameacrossthewolf.9)Immediately(immediate),anabsolutedarknessruledtheforest.10)____________(polite)and____________(excited),heaskedMrsMeredithtoteachhimhowtomakepopcorn.11)Slowlyandpainfully,Jackpacedupanddownintheroom,lostinthought.12)Silently,theylistened,unawareofwhathadmadeherannoyed.句型9：无灵主语1.身心和情感状态的名词aburst/wave/surge/rush/ripple/trace/sense/feelingof+n+

有灵动词

+sb常见的有灵动词有：抓住/攫住:seize/takeholdof/getthebetterof...袭来:sweep/flood/rushover慢慢产生:creepon/upon影响:comeover击垮:defeat掠过:run/passthrough吞噬；淹没:swallow/overwhelm/engulfExamples:①一阵愤怒控制住了他。②一种恐惧感慢慢地向她袭来。③一股喜悦与兴奋交织在一起的涟漪涌上我的心头。④一种寒冷的感觉掠过他的心头，使他打了个寒战。⑤然后一阵愤怒控制住了他。2.主语：表示身体部位/音容笑的名词+有灵动词①Jack’sface/eyeslit/brightenedup(亮起来了).②Myfingers

trembledwithfury(气得发抖),sothatIcouldnotgoonsweating.③Iwasrelievedwhenabright,sweetvoice

interruptedSlowlya

smile

spreadacross

her

face.④Tearsofregret

welledupinme.⑤Tearswerebeginningto

gatherinhereyes.⑥Afrown

stoodonhisfaceandhisface

cloudedover(愁容).3.消极情绪的表达：有灵动词:defeat;

opieces;AgavewaytoB;

sthdeserted/escaped/visitedsb等等;①Sufferinganddespairdefeatedme,andIfellsobbingonthedoorstep.②Greatdespairtoremeintopieces.③Uponhearingwhattheteachersaid,myfrustrationgavewaytoatraceofdelight.④Itwasatthatmomentthatmyconfidenceandencouragementdesertedme.⑤Hisnameescapedmeatthatmoment.⑥Alotoftroublevisitedthepoorfamily.⑦Thesightofthemessyblendertwistedmymom'sfacewithrage.⑧Thedoorrefusedtoclose.⑨Hisfriend’sdelightedlookfadedaway.10.Guilt/Shame/Regretmounted/multiplied/piledup.4.具体名词/抽象性名词+得失型动词n.+

得失型动词(gain/get/save/fail/slip/elude/escape)

+sb/sth①我非常感谢大家对武汉的付出。(words做主语)WordsfailedtoexpressmygratitudetoeveryonehelpingWuhan.②这个地方因这处美景出名。(thebeautifulscenery做主语)Thebeautifulscenerygainedtheplacequiteareputation.5.表时间和地点的名词+有灵动词名词：地点名词thetown/theplace/thecity时间名词thefollowingyear...有灵动词：see/witness/find/tell+sthExamples:①Thefollowingdayswitnessedhistirelesseffortstothesickchildren.②Thepastsixteenyearshaswitnessedthefastdevelopmentofthisschool.③Theduskfoundaboywanderingalongthebank.④Lastweeksawthelaunchoftug-of-warcompetitionamongallclasses.⑤Yearsofbeingmonitorwitnessedmeabrilliantorganizer.⑥Thesummerholidaywitnessedthe“MeettheChineseOpera”exhibitioninthecitymuseum,engaginginterestofnumerousvisitors.6.表自然现象等的名词+有灵动词名词：fog;snow;night;earthquake;

有灵动词:fall;blanket(覆盖);envelope(笼罩);strike;hit;threaten;crash等①暴风雨即将来临，但我们一直待在那里，直到雷电交加。Astormwasgathering,butwestayedthereuntilthunderandlightningcrashed.②夜幕降临，风刮得更大了，由于天气寒冷，大家都躲进了室内。Nightfell,thewindgrewstronger,andthefreezingweatherdroveeveryoneinside.③浓雾笼罩着整个大地。Heavyfogblanketedthewholeworld.句型10：倒装句应用文和读后续写重要句型：倒装句一、分类：完全倒装、部分倒装、特殊倒装二、定义：l完全倒装：将句子中的谓语动词置于主语之前。l部分倒装：将谓语的一部分如助动词、情态动词或者be动词提至主语之前。l特殊倒装：as/though引导的让步状语从句注意：助动词（do,does或did，have/has/had等）、情态动词（should/must/need等）、be动词(am,is,are,was,were)三、完全倒装1.为强调表语，在主系表结构中，表语前置，句子完全倒装“表语＋系动词＋主语”1.Mr.Greenandotherguestswerepresentattheparty.2.PresentatthepartywereMr.Greenandotherguests.3.Thedayswhenweplayedgamestogetherwithourpartnersaregone.4.____________________________________________(换成倒装句)5.Goodstudyhabits,usefulskillsandapositiveattitudeareofequalimportance.6._________________________________________(换成倒装句)2.地点副词here,there,时间副词(now,then)方位副词out,in,up,down,away,off等置于句首时且主语是名词，句子完全倒装。1.Theregoesthebell.(完全倒装)2.Hereisyourletter.(完全倒装)3.Thencameanewdifficulty.(完全倒装)4.AwaywentTom.(完全倒装)5.Outrushedaboyfromtheclassroom.(完全倒装)注意：therebe句型完全倒装，但结构中的be可用lie,exist,stand,live,seem等动词代替，如：Therestandsanancienttoweratthetopofmountain.4.地点状语置句首，为避免头重脚轻，句子全部倒装。把下面句子换为倒装句：Anoldmanstandsunderthetree.Underthetreestandsanoldman.Abeautifultemplestandsontopofthemountain.Ontopofthemountainstandsabeautifultemple.Alarge,blackchairsatinthecorneroftheroom.________________________________________(换为倒装句).Awhitecatsleepsunderthetable.________________________(换为倒装句).四、部分倒装1.

Only+状语(一般是介词短语或状语从句等)，且置于句首，后面部分语序要部分倒装。①Iknowthetruththen.OnlythendidIknowthetruth.②YoucanlearnEnglishwellinthisway.OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.③Hewillalwaysstayinbedwhenheisseriouslyill.Onlywhenheisseriouslyillwillhestayinbed.练习：把下面的句子转换成倒装句①

HerealizedtheimportanceofEnglishonlythen.

②

PowerDatawillholditsadvantageoverothercompaniesonlybykeepingdowncosts.

③

IrealizedhowmuchIlovedthemonlywhenIleftmyparentsforItaly.

2.

否定意义的词/短语/从句置于句首，句子部分倒装口诀：不三不四（NO+3个词；4个句型）l否定词：never,seldom,little,few,not,nowhere,rarely l否定短语：bynomeans,atnotime,innoway,innosense,innocase,onnoaccount,undernocircumstances(绝不，决不)1.Sheseldomhastimetolistentomusic.Seldomdoesshehavetimetolistentomusic.2.Iwilllendmoneytohimundernocircumstance.UndernocircumstanceswillIlendmoneytohim.3.Ihaveneverseensuchamovingfilmbefore.__________________________________________(倒装句)4.Ihardlythinkitpossibletofinishtheworkbeforedark._________________________________________(倒装句)l否定句型：notonly..butalso,nosooner...than(刚...就),hardly/scarcely/barely...when(刚...就)Ø

句型1：Notonly…butalso置于句首且连接两个并列的分句，第一个句子部分倒装，第二个句子正常语序but和also可以分开，also也可以省略。，遵循“前倒后不倒”的原则l

Sheisnotonlyateacher,butalsosheisasinger.

l

Notonlyissheateacher,butalsosheisasinger.l

Henotonlyrefusedthegift,butalsohegotveryannoyed.____________________________________________________________________注意：如果置于句首的notonly…butalso连接的是两个并列主语，不用倒装结构。例如：l

NotonlyyoubutalsoIamfondofmusic.Ø

句型3：hardly

/scarcely/barely....when...;nosooner…than...“刚...就/几乎未来得及做就...”中，hardly/scarcely/nosooner置于句首，所在分句部分倒装句。l

Shehadhardlygoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.l

Hardlyhadshegoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.

l

Shehadnosoonergoneoutthanastudentcametovisither.l

Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthanastudentcametovisither.注意：前半句（主句）用过去完成时，后半句（从句）用一般过去时。转换倒装句的步骤！第一步：否定词/否定短语/否定句型放句首第二步：抽出”“助BE情”第三步：其余照抄练习：把下面的句子转换成倒装句1.

IknewlittlethatyouwereRomeo.____________________________________________________

2.

Iwillnevergiveup._________________________________________________3.

HenotonlyknowsFrench,butalsoheisexpertatit.___________________________________________________4.

Hehadhardlybeguntospeakwhenpeopleburstintolaughter.5.

Hehadnosoonerarrivedhomethanthedinnerwasover._________________________________________________6.

Thegamehadscarcelystartedwhenitbegantorain._________________

【课后练习】把下列句子换为倒装句1.Ihaveneverseenabeautifulsunriseinmylife.2.Sheisnotonlyateacher,butalsosheiswriter.3.Thenursesnotonlywantapayincrease,butalsotheywanttoreduceoursaswell.4.Heisabletoachievesuccessonlybyworkinghard.5.Idiscoveredthathavingstrongconfidenceisoneofthebiggestfactoronlyaftertalkingtomyteacher.6.Shemanagedtoescapefromtherisingfloodwatersonlywiththegreatestofluck.3.

在so…that和such...that的结构中，将so+adj/adv、such+名词短语置于句首时，遵循“前倒后不倒”lIwassoaddictedtolearningthatIoftenforgetmydinners.→SoaddictedwasltolearningthatIoftenforgetmydinners.lLearningissuchanaddictivegamethatIoftenforgetmydinners.→Suchanaddictivegameislearningthatloftenforgetmydinners.练习：把下面的句子转换成倒装句1.Hestudiedsohardthathegothighmarksinthetest.→___________________________