2024年二级翻译专业资格全真模拟测试带答案

2024年二级翻译专业资格全真模拟测试带答案笔译综合能力（英语）词汇和语法（共30题，每题1分）1.Thescientistdedicatedhislifetothe________ofacureforcancer.A.pursuitB.chaseC.searchD.hunt答案：A解析：“pursuit”强调对目标的持续追求，“thepursuitofacureforcancer”表示对癌症治疗方法的不懈追求；“chase”主要指追逐、追赶；“search”侧重于搜索、查找；“hunt”通常指打猎、搜寻猎物等。所以选A。2.Thenewpolicywillhaveaprofound________ontheeconomy.A.affectB.effectC.effortD.afford答案：B解析：“affect”是动词，意为“影响”；“effect”是名词，“haveaneffecton”是固定短语，表示“对……有影响”；“effort”意为“努力”；“afford”意为“负担得起”。这里需要一个名词，所以选B。3.Sheisvery________aboutherappearanceandalwaysdressesstylishly.A.specialB.particularC.specificD.especial答案：B解析：“beparticularabout”是固定搭配，意为“对……挑剔、讲究”；“special”意为“特殊的”；“specific”意为“具体的”；“especial”也表示“特别的”，但“beparticularabout”更符合语境，所以选B。4.Theoldmanwalked________downthestreet,enjoyingthesunshine.A.leisurelyB.slowC.slow-lyD.slack答案：A解析：“leisurely”既可以作形容词，也可以作副词，作副词时表示“悠闲地、从容地”；“slow”是形容词，“slowly”虽然是副词，但“leisurely”更能体现老人悠闲的状态；“slack”作形容词意为“松弛的、懈怠的”。所以选A。5.Thecompanyisplanningto________itsbusinessoverseas.A.expandB.extendC.spreadD.stretch答案：A解析：“expand”强调规模、范围等的扩大，“expandbusiness”表示“拓展业务”；“extend”主要指时间或空间上的延伸；“spread”意为“传播、散布”；“stretch”意为“伸展、拉伸”。所以选A。6.Theprofessor'slecturewasso________thatmanystudentsfellasleep.A.boringB.boredC.interest-ingD.interested答案：A解析：“boring”用来形容事物“令人厌烦的”，“bored”用来形容人“感到厌烦的”；“interesting”形容事物“有趣的”，“interested”形容人“感兴趣的”。这里形容讲座，所以用“boring”，选A。7.Weshouldmakefulluseofeveryopportunityto________ourEnglish.A.raiseB.riseC.improveD.lift答案：C解析：“raise”是及物动词，意为“提高、举起”；“rise”是不及物动词，意为“上升”；“improve”意为“提高、改善”，“improveEnglish”表示“提高英语水平”；“lift”意为“举起、抬起”。所以选C。8.Theproblemissocomplexthatitrequiresa________solution.A.complicatedB.complexC.sophisticatedD.intricate答案：C解析：“complicated”强调事情复杂，难以理解或处理；“complex”着重于组成部分多且相互关联；“sophisticated”表示“精密的、复杂巧妙的”，常用来形容解决问题的方法等；“intricate”强调结构或细节的复杂。这里说需要一个复杂巧妙的解决方案，用“sophisticated”更合适，所以选C。9.Thelittlegirlwasso________thatshebelievedeverywordhesaid.A.innocentB.pureC.naiveD.simple答案：C解析：“innocent”强调没有罪过、天真无邪；“pure”意为“纯净的、纯洁的”；“naive”表示“天真的、幼稚的”，侧重于缺乏经验和判断力；“simple”意为“简单的”。这里小女孩轻信别人的话，说明她天真幼稚，所以选C。10.Themanagergaveusa________ofthecompany'sfutureplans.A.outlineB.sketchC.profileD.diagram答案：A解析：“outline”意为“提纲、概要”，“giveanoutlineof”表示“对……作一个概述”；“sketch”通常指草图、素描；“profile”意为“轮廓、简介”；“diagram”意为“图表、图解”。所以选A。11.Thedoctoradvisedhimto________smokingforthesakeofhishealth.A.giveinB.giveupC.giveawayD.giveout答案：B解析：“givein”意为“屈服、让步”；“giveup”意为“放弃”，“giveupsmoking”是“戒烟”的意思；“giveaway”意为“赠送、泄露”；“giveout”意为“分发、发出”。所以选B。12.Thebeautifulsceneryinthemountainsreally________me.A.attractedB.appealedC.drewD.pulled答案：A解析：“attract”意为“吸引”，“Thesceneryattractedme”表示“风景吸引了我”；“appeal”作不及物动词时，“appealto”表示“吸引”；“draw”也有“吸引”的意思，但“attract”更常用；“pull”意为“拉”。所以选A。13.Thestudentsarerequiredto________areportontheexperiment.A.makeB.doC.writeD.create答案：C解析：“writeareport”是固定搭配，表示“写一份报告”；“make”通常用于制作物品等；“do”表示做某事，但“write”更符合“写报告”的表达；“create”意为“创造”。所以选C。14.Theweatherforecastsaysitwillbe________tomorrow.A.cloudB.cloudyC.cloudinessD.clouded答案：B解析：“cloud”是名词，意为“云”；“cloudy”是形容词，意为“多云的”；“cloudiness”是名词，意为“多云状态”；“clouded”通常作形容词，意为“阴云密布的、模糊的”。这里需要一个描述天气状况的形容词，所以选B。15.Shehasa________formusicandcanplayseveralinstruments.A.giftB.talentC.skillD.ability答案：A解析：“haveagiftfor”是固定短语，意为“有……的天赋”；“talent”也表示“天赋”，但“haveagiftfor”更常用；“skill”强调技能；“ability”意为“能力”。所以选A。16.Thepolicearetryingto________thecauseoftheaccident.A.lookforB.findoutC.searchforD.discover答案：B解析：“lookfor”强调寻找的动作；“findout”着重于通过调查、研究等弄清楚事情的真相或原因；“searchfor”也表示寻找；“discover”意为“发现”，通常指发现原本就存在但未被人知晓的事物。这里是要弄清楚事故的原因，所以用“findout”，选B。17.Thenewbridgewill________thedistancebetweenthetwocities.A.shortenB.lessenC.decreaseD.reduce答案：A解析：“shorten”意为“缩短”，常用来表示缩短距离、时间等；“lessen”强调程度上的减轻；“decrease”主要指数量、程度等的减少；“reduce”也有减少的意思，但“shortenthedistance”更合适。所以选A。18.Theyoungmanisvery________andalwaysreadytohelpothers.A.kind-heartedB.kind-mindedC.good-heartedD.good-minded答案：A解析：“kind-hearted”意为“心地善良的”，是常用表达；“kind-minded”和“good-minded”不是常见的固定搭配；“good-hearted”也表示“好心的”，但“kind-hearted”更常用。所以选A。19.Thecompanyhasto________someemployeesduetotheeconomicrecession.A.layoffB.layoutC.layasideD.laydown答案：A解析：“layoff”意为“解雇、裁员”；“layout”意为“布置、安排”；“layaside”意为“把……放在一边、储存”；“laydown”意为“放下、制定”。这里因为经济衰退公司要解雇员工，所以选A。20.Thenovelisso________thatIcan'tputitdown.A.interestingB.interestedC.excitingD.excited答案：A解析：“interesting”形容事物“有趣的”，“interested”形容人“感兴趣的”；“exciting”强调事物令人兴奋的，“excited”形容人感到兴奋的。这里形容小说，用“interesting”更合适，所以选A。21.Heisalways________abouthiswork,whichmakeshisbossverysatisfied.A.conscientiousB.consciousC.considerateD.considerable答案：A解析：“conscientious”意为“认真负责的、一丝不苟的”；“conscious”意为“有意识的、意识到的”；“considerate”意为“体贴的、考虑周到的”；“considerable”意为“相当大的、重要的”。这里说他对工作认真负责让老板满意，所以选A。22.Theoldbuildingisina________stateandneedsimmediaterepair.A.desperateB.hopelessC.deplorableD.miserable答案：C解析：“deplorable”意为“糟糕的、可悲的”，“inadeplorablestate”表示“处于糟糕的状态”；“desperate”意为“绝望的”；“hopeless”意为“没有希望的”；“miserable”意为“悲惨的”。这里形容旧建筑的状态，用“deplorable”更合适，所以选C。23.Theteacherencouragedthestudentsto________theirideasfreelyinclass.A.expressB.sayC.tellD.speak答案：A解析：“express”意为“表达”，“expressone'sideas”表示“表达某人的想法”；“say”强调说话的内容；“tell”意为“告诉”；“speak”通常指说话的动作或讲某种语言。所以选A。24.Thecityhaswitnesseda________increaseinpopulationinrecentyears.A.sharpB.suddenC.rapidD.swift答案：C解析：“rapid”意为“快速的、迅速的”，“arapidincrease”表示“快速增长”；“sharp”强调急剧的；“sudden”意为“突然的”；“swift”侧重于速度快且敏捷。这里说城市人口近年来快速增长，用“rapid”更合适，所以选C。25.Thenewlawwillcomeinto________nextmonth.A.forceB.effectC.powerD.strength答案：B解析：“comeintoeffect”是固定短语，意为“生效、实施”；“comeintoforce”也有“生效”的意思，但“comeintoeffect”更常用；“power”意为“权力”；“strength”意为“力量”。所以选B。26.Sheisavery________personandalwayskeepsherpromises.A.reliableB.dependentC.responsibleD.credible答案：A解析：“reliable”意为“可靠的、可信赖的”；“dependent”意为“依赖的”；“responsible”意为“负责的”；“credible”意为“可信的”，通常用于形容消息、陈述等。这里说她是个可靠的人并信守承诺，所以选A。27.Thegovernmentistakingmeasuresto________theproblemofpollution.A.tackleB.dealC.handleD.solve答案：A解析：“tackle”意为“处理、解决（难题等）”，“tackletheproblem”表示“处理问题”；“deal”常与“with”搭配，“dealwiththeproblem”；“handle”也有处理的意思，但“tackle”更强调积极主动地应对难题；“solve”意为“解决”，但“tackle”在这种语境中更常用。所以选A。28.Thechildrenwere________bythebeautifulfireworks.A.amazedB.surprisedC.shockedD.astonished答案：A解析：“amazed”强调因看到新奇、美妙的事物而感到惊叹；“surprised”侧重于意外；“shocked”强调震惊；“astonished”表示非常惊讶。这里孩子们被美丽的烟花惊叹，用“amazed”更合适，所以选A。29.Thecompany'sprofitshave________thisyearcomparedwithlastyear.A.declinedB.decreasedC.reducedD.dropped答案：A解析：“decline”可以表示数量、质量、价值等的下降，常用来描述经济、健康等方面的衰退；“decrease”主要指数量的减少；“reduce”是及物动词，强调人为地减少；“drop”意为“下降”，但“decline”更正式，常用于商业、经济领域。这里说公司利润下降，用“decline”更合适，所以选A。30.Theprofessor'sspeechwasso________thattheaudiencewasdeeplyimpressed.A.inspiringB.inspiredC.interestingD.interested答案：A解析：“inspiring”形容事物“鼓舞人心的、激励人的”，“inspired”形容人“受到鼓舞的”；“interesting”形容事物“有趣的”，“interested”形容人“感兴趣的”。这里说教授的演讲鼓舞人心让观众印象深刻，所以选A。阅读理解（共20题，每题1.5分）Passage1IntheUnitedStates,thelegalagefordrinkingalcoholis21.Thislaw,knownastheNationalMinimumDrinkingAgeAct,waspassedin1984.Themainreasonbehindthislawwastoreducetrafficfatalitiesrelatedtodrunkdriving.Studieshaveshownthatraisingthedrinkingagehashadasignificantimpactonreducingalcohol-relatedaccidentsamongyoungpeople.Beforethelawwaspassed,manystateshadalowerdrinkingage,someaslowas18.Thisledtoahighernumberofyoungpeoplegettingbehindthewheelafterconsumingalcohol,whichinturnincreasedtheriskofaccidents.Withtheimplementationofthe21-year-olddrinkingage,thenumberofalcohol-relatedtrafficfatalitiesamong18-to20-year-oldsdecreasedsignificantly.However,thelawhasalsofacedsomecriticism.Somepeoplearguethatitisunfairtodenyyoungadultstherighttodrinkatthesameagewhentheyareconsideredoldenoughtovote,serveinthemilitary,andgetmarried.Theybelievethatifyoungpeoplearematureenoughtomaketheseimportantdecisions,theyshouldalsobeallowedtodrinkalcohol.31.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheNationalMinimumDrinkingAgeAct?A.Toreducealcoholconsumptionamongyoungpeople.B.Toreducetrafficfatalitiesrelatedtodrunkdriving.C.Topreventunderagedrinking.D.Topromoteahealthylifestyle.答案：B解析：文章明确提到“Themainreasonbehindthislawwastoreducetrafficfatalitiesrelatedtodrunkdriving.”，所以该法案的主要目的是减少与酒驾相关的交通死亡事故，选B。32.Beforethe1984law,whatwasthesituationinmanystatesregardingthedrinkingage?A.Thedrinkingagewas21.B.Thedrinkingagewashigherthan21.C.Thedrinkingagewaslower,someaslowas18.D.Therewasnospecificdrinkingage.答案：C解析：文中提到“Beforethelawwaspassed,manystateshadalowerdrinkingage,someaslowas18.”，所以选C。33.Whathappenedaftertheimplementationofthe21-year-olddrinkingage?A.Thenumberofalcohol-relatedtrafficfatalitiesamongallagegroupsdecreased.B.Thenumberofalcohol-relatedtrafficfatalitiesamong18-to20-year-oldsdecreasedsignificantly.C.Thenumberofyoungpeopledrinkingalcoholincreased.D.Thenumberoftrafficaccidentsincreased.答案：B解析：根据“Withtheimplementationofthe21-year-olddrinkingage,thenumberofalcohol-relatedtrafficfatalitiesamong18-to20-year-oldsdecreasedsignificantly.”可知选B。34.Whydosomepeoplecriticizethelaw?A.Becauseitistoostrict.B.Becauseitisnoteffectiveinreducingtrafficfatalities.C.Becauseitdeniesyoungadultstherighttodrinkwhentheyareconsideredoldenoughforotherimportantdecisions.D.Becauseitpromotesunderagedrinking.答案：C解析：文中提到“Somepeoplearguethatitisunfairtodenyyoungadultstherighttodrinkatthesameagewhentheyareconsideredoldenoughtovote,serveinthemilitary,andgetmarried.”，所以选C。Passage2TheInternethasrevolutionizedthewayweliveandwork.Ithasmadeinformationmoreaccessiblethaneverbefore.Withjustafewclicks,wecanfindanswerstoalmostanyquestion,learnaboutdifferentcultures,andstayconnectedwithfriendsandfamilyaroundtheworld.OneofthemostsignificantimpactsoftheInternetisoneducation.Onlinecoursesandeducationalresourceshavemadeitpossibleforpeopleofallagesandbackgroundstoaccesshigh-qualityeducation.Studentscannowtakecoursesfromtopuniversitieswithouthavingtophysicallyattendclassesoncampus.Thishasopenedupnewopportunitiesforthosewhomaynothavehadaccesstotraditionaleducationalinstitutions.However,theInternetalsohasitsdrawbacks.Oneofthebiggestconcernsisonlineprivacy.Withthevastamountofpersonalinformationbeingsharedonline,thereisariskofthisinformationbeingmisused.Hackerscanstealpersonaldata,suchascreditcardnumbersandpasswords,whichcanleadtofinanciallossesandidentitytheft.Anotherissueisthespreadofmisinformation.Withsomuchinformationavailableonline,itcanbedifficulttodistinguishbetweenwhatistrueandwhatisfalse.Thiscanhaveseriousconsequences,especiallyinareassuchashealthandpolitics.35.HowhastheInternetchangedthewayweliveandwork?A.Ithasmadeinformationlessaccessible.B.Ithasmadeitmoredifficulttoconnectwithothers.C.Ithasmadeinformationmoreaccessibleandallowedustostayconnectedglobally.D.Ithaslimitedouraccesstoeducationalresources.答案：C解析：文中提到“TheInternethasrevolutionizedthewayweliveandwork.Ithasmadeinformationmoreaccessiblethaneverbefore...andstayconnectedwithfriendsandfamilyaroundtheworld.”，所以选C。36.WhatisoneofthemostsignificantimpactsoftheInternetoneducation?A.Ithasmadeeducationmoreexpensive.B.Ithaslimitedthenumberofcoursesavailable.C.Ithasmadehigh-qualityeducationaccessibletopeopleofallagesandbackgrounds.D.Ithasreplacedtraditionaleducationalinstitutions.答案：C解析：根据“OneofthemostsignificantimpactsoftheInternetisoneducation.Onlinecoursesandeducationalresourceshavemadeitpossibleforpeopleofallagesandbackgroundstoaccesshigh-qualityeducation.”可知选C。37.WhatisoneofthebiggestconcernsabouttheInternet?A.Thelackofinformation.B.Onlineprivacy.C.ThehighcostofInternetaccess.D.Thelimitednumberofonlinecourses.答案：B解析：文中明确指出“Oneofthebiggestconcernsisonlineprivacy.”，所以选B。38.WhatproblemiscausedbythespreadofmisinformationontheInternet?A.Itmakesiteasiertofindaccurateinformation.B.Ithasnoseriousconsequences.C.Itcanbedifficulttodistinguishbetweentruthandfalsehood,withseriousconsequencesinareaslikehealthandpolitics.D.Itpromotescriticalthinking.答案：C解析：由“Anotherissueisthespreadofmisinformation.Withsomuchinformationavailableonline,itcanbedifficulttodistinguishbetweenwhatistrueandwhatisfalse.Thiscanhaveseriousconsequences,especiallyinareassuchashealthandpolitics.”可知选C。Passage3Theworldisfacingagrowingproblemofplasticpollution.Plasticisaversatilematerialthathasmanyusefulapplications,butitsdurabilityalsomakesitamajorenvironmentalconcern.Onceplasticisproduced,itcantakehundredsofyearstobreakdown.Mostoftheplasticwasteendsupinlandfillsortheocean.Intheocean,plasticposesaseriousthreattomarinelife.Seaanimalsoftenmistakeplasticforfoodandingestit,whichcanleadtointernalinjuries,starvation,anddeath.Plasticalsoreleasesharmfulchemicalsintothewaterasitbreaksdown,whichcancontaminatethemarineecosystem.Toaddressthisproblem,manycountriesaretakingstepstoreduceplasticwaste.Someareimplementingbansonsingle-useplastics,suchasplasticbagsandstraws.Othersarepromotingtheuseofbiodegradableplasticsandencouragingrecycling.39.Whyisplasticamajorenvironmentalconcern?A.Becauseitistooexpensivetoproduce.B.Becauseitisdifficulttouse.C.Becauseittakeshundredsofyearstobreakdown.D.Becauseitisnotdurable.答案：C解析：文中提到“itsdurabilityalsomakesitamajorenvironmentalconcern.Onceplasticisproduced,itcantakehundredsofyearstobreakdown.”，所以选C。40.Whathappenstomostoftheplasticwaste?A.Itisrecycled.B.Itisburned.C.Itendsupinlandfillsortheocean.D.Itisburiedunderground.答案：C解析：根据“Mostoftheplasticwasteendsupinlandfillsortheocean.”可知选C。41.Howdoesplasticintheoceanaffectmarinelife?A.Itprovidesfoodforseaanimals.B.Ithelpsseaanimalsgrow.C.Seaanimalsmistakeitforfoodandingestit,leadingtointernalinjuries,starvation,anddeath.D.Ithasnoimpactonmarinelife.答案：C解析：文中指出“Seaanimalsoftenmistakeplasticforfoodandingestit,whichcanleadtointernalinjuries,starvation,anddeath.”，所以选C。42.Whataresomecountriesdoingtoaddresstheplasticpollutionproblem?A.Theyareincreasingtheproductionofsingle-useplastics.B.Theyareimplementingbansonsingle-useplasticsandpromotingbiodegradableplasticsandrecycling.C.Theyaredoingnothing.D.Theyareencouragingtheuseofmoreplasticproducts.答案：B解析：由“Toaddressthisproblem,manycountriesaretakingstepstoreduceplasticwaste.Someareimplementingbansonsingle-useplastics,suchasplasticbagsandstraws.Othersarepromotingtheuseofbiodegradableplasticsandencouragingrecycling.”可知选B。Passage4Artificialintelligence(AI)israpidlychangingtheworld.Ithasthepotentialtorevolutionizemanyindustries,includinghealthcare,finance,andtransportation.Inhealthcare,AIcanbeusedtoanalyzemedicalimages,suchasX-raysandMRIs,todetectdiseasesatanearlystage.Itcanalsohelpdoctorsmakemoreaccuratediagnosesanddeveloppersonalizedtreatmentplans.Infinance,AIalgorithmscanbeusedtodetectfraud,managerisk,andmakeinvestmentdecisions.Thiscanimprovetheefficiencyandsecurityoffinancialinstitutions.Intransportation,self-drivingcarsareanexampleofAIinaction.Thesecarsusesensorsandalgorithmstonavigatetheroads,whichcanreducethenumberoftrafficaccidentscausedbyhumanerror.However,AIalsoraisessomeethicalandsocialconcerns.Forexample,thereareconcernsaboutjobdisplacementasAIsystemsmayreplacehumanworkersinsomeindustries.TherearealsoconcernsaboutthepotentialforAItobeusedformaliciouspurposes,suchascyberattacks.43.HowcanAIrevolutionizethehealthcareindustry?A.Byincreasingthecostofmedicaltreatment.B.Bymakingitmoredifficulttodetectdiseases.C.Byanalyzingmedicalimages,helpingwithdiagnoses,anddevelopingpersonalizedtreatmentplans.D.Byreducingthenumberofdoctors.答案：C解析：文中提到“Inhealthcare,AIcanbeusedtoanalyzemedicalimages,suchasX-raysandMRIs,todetectdiseasesatanearlystage.Itcanalsohelpdoctorsmakemoreaccuratediagnosesanddeveloppersonalizedtreatmentplans.”，所以选C。44.WhatcanAIalgorithmsdointhefinanceindustry?A.Increasetheriskoffraud.B.Makefinancialinstitutionslessefficient.C.Detectfraud,managerisk,andmakeinvestmentdecisions.D.Replaceallhumanworkersinfinance.答案：C解析：根据“Infinance,AIalgorithmscanbeusedtodetectfraud,managerisk,andmakeinvestmentdecisions.”可知选C。45.WhatisanexampleofAIinthetransportationindustry?A.Trains.B.Buses.C.Self-drivingcars.D.Bicycles.答案：C解析：文中指出“Intransportation,self-drivingcarsareanexampleofAIinaction.”，所以选C。46.WhataresomeoftheethicalandsocialconcernsraisedbyAI?A.Ithasnonegativeimpacts.B.Jobdisplacementandthepotentialformalicioususe.C.Itistooexpensivetodevelop.D.Itisnotaccurateenough.答案：B解析：由“However,AIalsoraisessomeethicalandsocialconcerns.Forexample,thereareconcernsaboutjobdisplacementasAIsystemsmayreplacehumanworkersinsomeindustries.TherearealsoconcernsaboutthepotentialforAItobeusedformaliciouspurposes,suchascyberattacks.”可知选B。Passage5Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasgainedincreasingattentioninrecentyears.Itreferstothedevelopmentthatmeetstheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Oneofthekeyaspectsofsustainabledevelopmentisenvironmentalprotection.Thisincludesreducingpollution,conservingnaturalresources,andprotectingbiodiversity.Forexample,usingrenewableenergysourcessuchassolarandwindpowercanhelpreducerelianceonfossilfuelsanddecreasegreenhousegasemissions.Anotherimportantaspectissocialdevelopment.Thisinvolvesensuringaccesstobasicser