2024年二级翻译专业资格模拟题和答案分析

2024年二级翻译专业资格模拟题和答案分析综合能力部分词汇和语法（每题1分，共20题）1.Thenewpolicyisexpectedto______economicgrowthintheregion.A.stimulateB.eliminateC.isolateD.circulate答案：A。“stimulate”意为“刺激、促进”，新政策通常是用来促进地区经济增长的；“eliminate”是“消除、排除”；“isolate”是“隔离、使孤立”；“circulate”是“循环、传播”，所以选A。2.Despitethedifficulties,she______toachievehergoal.A.perseveredB.surrenderedC.hesitatedD.diverted答案：A。“persevered”表示“坚持、不屈不挠”，符合尽管有困难仍坚持实现目标的语境；“surrendered”是“投降、屈服”；“hesitated”是“犹豫”；“diverted”是“转移、使转向”，故答案是A。3.Thescientistmadeasignificant______inthefieldofmedicine.A.discoveryB.inventionC.innovationD.creation答案：A。“discovery”侧重于发现原本就存在但未被知晓的事物，科学家在医学领域可能是发现了新的东西；“invention”强调发明创造出原本不存在的东西；“innovation”着重于创新；“creation”一般指创造出艺术作品等，所以选A。4.Thecompanyisplanningamajor______toimproveitsmarketshare.A.campaignB.battleC.conflictD.struggle答案：A。“campaign”可表示商业上的活动、运动，公司为提高市场份额开展活动是合理的；“battle”主要指战斗；“conflict”侧重于冲突；“struggle”强调奋斗、挣扎，因此选A。5.Weshould______everyopportunitytolearnandgrow.A.seizeB.graspC.catchD.hold答案：A。“seize”有抓住（机会等）的意思，“seizetheopportunity”是常用搭配；“grasp”更强调理解、掌握；“catch”一般用于抓住具体的物体或赶上交通工具等；“hold”是握住、持有，所以选A。6.Thereport______theimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.A.emphasizesB.highlightsC.underlinesD.alloftheabove答案：D。“emphasize”“highlight”“underline”都有强调的意思，在描述报告强调环保的重要性时都可以使用，所以选D。7.Theoldbuildinghasbeen______tomakewayforanewshoppingmall.A.demolishedB.destroyedC.ruinedD.damaged答案：A。“demolished”专门指拆除建筑物；“destroyed”强调彻底破坏；“ruined”侧重于毁坏、使破产；“damaged”指部分损坏，这里是拆除旧建筑为新商场让路，选A。8.Hisspeechwasso______thateveryonewasdeeplyimpressed.A.inspiringB.inspiredC.inspirationD.inspirer答案：A。“inspiring”表示“鼓舞人心的”，用来形容演讲；“inspired”一般形容人受到鼓舞；“inspiration”是名词“灵感、鼓舞”；“inspirer”是“鼓舞者”，所以选A。9.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuresto______inflation.A.controlB.manageC.regulateD.handle答案：A。“control”有控制、抑制的意思，控制通货膨胀常用“controlinflation”；“manage”主要是管理；“regulate”侧重于调节、规范；“handle”是处理，所以选A。10.Sheisvery______aboutherfuturecareer.A.optimisticB.pessimisticC.realisticD.idealistic答案：A。“optimistic”表示乐观的，对于未来职业持乐观态度；“pessimistic”是悲观的；“realistic”是现实的；“idealistic”是理想主义的，根据语境选A。11.The______ofthenewsoftwareisstillunderreview.A.functionalityB.functionC.functioningD.functional答案：A。“functionality”指功能、实用性，这里说新软件的功能还在审查中；“function”是功能、作用，但“functionality”更强调软件等的综合功能特性；“functioning”是动词“function”的现在分词形式；“functional”是形容词，所以选A。12.Theteamshowedgreat______inthefaceofdifficulties.A.resilienceB.resistanceC.insistenceD.persistence答案：A。“resilience”意为适应力、复原力，团队在困难面前表现出很强的适应和恢复能力；“resistance”是抵抗、阻力；“insistence”是坚持、坚决主张；“persistence”强调坚持不懈，这里选A更合适。13.The______oftheaccidentisstillunknown.A.causeB.reasonC.excuseD.motive答案：A。“cause”指导致事件发生的直接原因；“reason”强调解释某事的理由；“excuse”是借口；“motive”是动机，事故的原因用“cause”，选A。14.Theprofessorgaveavery______lectureonhistory.A.informativeB.informationC.informD.informed答案：A。“informative”表示提供大量信息的、有教益的，用来形容讲座；“information”是名词“信息”；“inform”是动词“通知、告知”；“informed”一般指消息灵通的，所以选A。15.Weneedto______thebudgetbeforemakingadecision.A.evaluateB.assessC.estimateD.alloftheabove答案：D。“evaluate”“assess”“estimate”都有评估、估算的意思，在做决策前对预算进行评估用这几个词都可以，所以选D。16.Thechildrenwere______bythecolorfultoys.A.attractedB.attachedC.attackedD.affected答案：A。“attracted”表示被吸引，孩子们被彩色玩具吸引；“attached”是附上、连接；“attacked”是攻击；“affected”是影响，选A。17.Thenewlawwillcomeinto______nextmonth.A.effectB.affectC.actionD.force答案：A。“comeintoeffect”是固定短语，表示生效，新法律下个月生效用这个表达；“affect”是动词“影响”；“comeintoaction”一般指开始行动；“comeintoforce”也表示生效，但“comeintoeffect”更常用，选A。18.Hehasawide______ofknowledgeinvariousfields.A.rangeB.scopeC.extentD.limit答案：A。“awiderangeof”表示广泛的一系列，指他在各个领域有广泛的知识；“scope”侧重于范围、范畴；“extent”强调程度；“limit”是限制，所以选A。19.The______oftheproblemismorecomplexthanwethought.A.natureB.characterC.featureD.quality答案：A。“nature”指事物的本质、性质，问题的本质比我们想象的更复杂；“character”侧重于性格、特征；“feature”是特点、特征；“quality”是质量、品质，选A。20.Thecompanyislookingfora______candidatewithstrongcommunicationskills.A.suitableB.appropriateC.fittingD.alloftheabove答案：D。“suitable”“appropriate”“fitting”都有合适的、恰当的意思，公司寻找合适的有强沟通能力的候选人，这几个词都适用，所以选D。阅读理解（每题2分，共15题）第一篇阅读Inrecentyears,theconceptofsustainabletourismhasgainedsignificantattention.Sustainabletourismaimstominimizethenegativeimpactsoftourismontheenvironment,culture,andeconomywhilemaximizingthepositiveones.Oneofthekeyaspectsofsustainabletourismisenvironmentalconservation.Thisincludesprotectingnaturalresourcessuchasforests,wildlife,andwaterbodies.Forexample,manyeco-resortsarebuiltinawaythathasminimalimpactonthesurroundingenvironment.Theyuserenewableenergysourceslikesolarandwindpower,andimplementwastemanagementsystemstoreducepollution.Culturalpreservationisalsoanimportantpartofsustainabletourism.Itinvolvesrespectingandsafeguardingthelocaltraditions,customs,andheritage.Touristsareencouragedtointeractwithlocalcommunitiesinameaningfulway,learnabouttheircultures,andsupportlocalbusinesses.Thishelpstomaintaintheuniqueidentityofthedestination.Economically,sustainabletourismcanbringlong-termbenefitstolocalcommunities.Itcreatesjobs,bothdirectlyinthetourismsectorandindirectlyinrelatedindustriessuchasagricultureandhandicrafts.Bypromotinglocalproductsandservices,itcanalsoboostthelocaleconomy.21.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theimportanceoftourismingeneral.B.Theconceptandaspectsofsustainabletourism.C.Thenegativeimpactsoftourism.D.Thedevelopmentofeco-resorts.答案：B。文章开篇引出可持续旅游的概念，接着分别从环境、文化和经济三个方面阐述了可持续旅游的关键方面，所以主要讲的是可持续旅游的概念和方面，选B。22.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofenvironmentalconservationinsustainabletourism?A.Buildinglargehotelsinnaturalareas.B.Usingnon-renewableenergysources.C.Implementingwastemanagementsystemsineco-resorts.D.Cuttingdownforestsfortourismdevelopment.答案：C。文中提到可持续旅游的环境方面包括保护自然资源，实施废物管理系统以减少污染是其中的一个举措，A选项在自然区域建大酒店可能破坏环境；B选项使用不可再生能源不符合可持续旅游的环保理念；D选项砍伐森林也是破坏环境的行为，所以选C。23.Whyisculturalpreservationimportantinsustainabletourism?A.Ithelpstouristslearnmorelanguages.B.Itallowstouriststospendmoremoney.C.Itmaintainstheuniqueidentityofthedestination.D.Itincreasesthenumberoftourists.答案：C。文中明确提到文化保护有助于维护目的地的独特身份，A选项文中未提及；B选项与文化保护的重要性无关；D选项增加游客数量不是文化保护的主要目的，所以选C。24.Howcansustainabletourismbenefitthelocaleconomy?A.Bycreatingjobsandpromotinglocalproducts.B.Byattractingonlyinternationaltourists.C.Byreducingthenumberoflocalbusinesses.D.Byrelyingonforeigninvestment.答案：A。文中指出可持续旅游能直接在旅游部门创造就业机会，也能在相关产业间接创造就业，还能促进当地产品和服务的发展，从而推动当地经济，B选项只吸引国际游客不是主要的经济益处；C选项减少当地企业数量与促进经济不符；D选项依靠外国投资文中未提及，所以选A。25.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardssustainabletourism?A.Negative.B.Positive.C.Neutral.D.Doubtful.答案：B。从文中对可持续旅游的积极描述，如能减少负面影响、带来诸多好处等，可以看出作者对可持续旅游持积极态度，选B。第二篇阅读Theriseofe-bookshashadaprofoundimpactonthepublishingindustry.E-booksofferseveraladvantagesovertraditionalprintbooks.Firstly,theyaremoreconvenient.Readerscancarryhundredsofe-booksonasingledevice,suchasatabletorane-reader.Thiseliminatestheneedtocarrybulkyphysicalbooks.Secondly,e-booksareoftencheaperthanprintbooks.Publisherscansaveonproductionanddistributioncosts,whichallowsthemtooffere-booksatalowerprice.Thismakesreadingmoreaccessibletoawideraudience.However,thegrowthofe-booksalsoposessomechallenges.Oneofthemainconcernsistheissueofpiracy.Sincee-booksaredigitalfiles,theycanbeeasilycopiedandsharedillegally.Thiscanresultinsignificantlossesforpublishersandauthors.Anotherchallengeisthelackofatactilereadingexperience.Manyreadersenjoythefeelofaphysicalbookintheirhands,thesmellofthepaper,andtheabilitytoflipthroughthepages.E-bookscannotfullyreplicatethisexperience.26.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Thehistoryofthepublishingindustry.B.Theadvantagesandchallengesofe-books.C.Thefutureofprintbooks.D.Thedevelopmentofdigitaldevices.答案：B。文章先阐述了电子书相对传统印刷书的优势，如方便、便宜等，接着又指出了电子书发展面临的挑战，如盗版和缺乏触觉阅读体验，所以主要讲的是电子书的优缺点，选B。27.Whyaree-booksmoreconvenientthanprintbooks?A.Theyhavemorepages.B.Theyarealwaysincolor.C.Readerscancarrymanyonasingledevice.D.Theyareeasiertowrite.答案：C。文中提到读者可以在一个设备上携带数百本电子书，这消除了携带笨重纸质书的需要，体现了电子书的便利性，A选项电子书和纸质书页数与便利性无关；B选项电子书不一定总是彩色；D选项与便利性无关，所以选C。28.Whyaree-booksoftencheaperthanprintbooks?A.Publisherswanttosellmoree-books.B.Publisherscansaveonproductionanddistributioncosts.C.E-bookshavefewerfeatures.D.E-booksarelesspopular.答案：B。文中明确说明出版商可以节省生产和分销成本，从而能以更低的价格提供电子书，A选项不是主要原因；C选项电子书和纸质书的特点与价格便宜无关；D选项电子书实际上越来越受欢迎，所以选B。29.Whatisoneofthemainchallengesofe-books?A.Theyaretooheavytocarry.B.Theyaredifficulttoread.C.Theyarepronetopiracy.D.Theyarenotavailableinalllanguages.答案：C。文中提到电子书面临的主要问题之一是盗版，因为它们是数字文件，容易被非法复制和分享，A选项电子书不存在重的问题；B选项电子书阅读并不困难；D选项文中未提及，所以选C。30.Whatdosomereadersmissaboutprintbooks?A.Theabilitytosearchforinformationquickly.B.Thetactilereadingexperience.C.Theabilitytoreadatnight.D.Thelowerprice.答案：B。文中指出很多读者喜欢纸质书拿在手中的感觉、纸张的气味和翻页的能力，即触觉阅读体验，电子书无法完全复制这种体验，A选项电子书搜索信息可能更方便；C选项电子书和纸质书都可以在晚上阅读；D选项文中说电子书更便宜，所以选B。第三篇阅读Urbanizationisaglobaltrendthathasbeenacceleratinginrecentdecades.Asmoreandmorepeoplemovefromruralareastocities,urbanpopulationsaregrowingrapidly.Thisgrowthbringsbothopportunitiesandchallenges.Oneoftheopportunitiesofurbanizationiseconomicdevelopment.Citiesarecentersofcommerce,industry,andinnovation.Theyofferawiderangeofjobopportunities,fromhigh-techsectorstoserviceindustries.Thiscanattracttalentfromallovertheworld,leadingtoincreasedproductivityandeconomicgrowth.However,urbanizationalsopresentschallenges.Oneofthemajorproblemsisthestrainoninfrastructure.Asthepopulationincitiesincreases,thereisagreaterdemandforhousing,transportation,andutilities.Thiscanleadtoovercrowding,trafficcongestion,andshortagesofbasicservices.Anotherchallengeisenvironmentaldegradation.Urbanareasoftenhavehigherlevelsofpollution,includingairpollution,waterpollution,andnoisepollution.Thelargeamountofenergyconsumptionandwastegenerationincitiesalsocontributetoenvironmentalproblems.31.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theprocessofurbanization.B.Theopportunitiesandchallengesofurbanization.C.Thegrowthofruralpopulations.D.Thedevelopmentofhigh-techsectorsincities.答案：B。文章开篇指出城市化是一个趋势，接着分别阐述了城市化带来的机会，如经济发展，以及面临的挑战，如基础设施压力和环境退化，所以主要讲的是城市化的利弊，选B。32.Whyisurbanizationanopportunityforeconomicdevelopment?A.Citieshavemorenaturalresources.B.Citiesofferawiderangeofjobopportunities.C.Ruralareashavenoindustries.D.Urbanpopulationsaremoreeducated.答案：B。文中提到城市是商业、工业和创新的中心，提供广泛的就业机会，能吸引人才，从而促进经济增长，A选项城市不一定有更多自然资源；C选项农村也有产业；D选项文中未提及城市人口更有教育，所以选B。33.Whatisoneofthemajorchallengesofurbanizationrelatedtoinfrastructure?A.Lackofentertainmentfacilities.B.Overcrowdingandtrafficcongestion.C.Low-qualityhousing.D.Shortageofhigh-techjobs.答案：B。文中明确指出随着城市人口增加，对住房、交通和公用事业的需求增大，会导致过度拥挤、交通堵塞和基本服务短缺等问题，A选项娱乐设施不是基础设施的主要挑战；C选项文中未提及住房质量；D选项与基础设施挑战无关，所以选B。34.Howdoesurbanizationcontributetoenvironmentaldegradation?A.Byreducingenergyconsumption.B.Byincreasingpollutionlevels.C.Byprotectingnaturalhabitats.D.Bypromotingsustainabledevelopment.答案：B。文中提到城市地区污染水平较高，包括空气污染、水污染和噪音污染，大量的能源消耗和废物产生也导致环境问题，A选项城市能源消耗是增加的；C选项城市发展可能破坏自然栖息地；D选项城市化目前带来了很多环境问题，并非促进可持续发展，所以选B。35.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Urbanizationwillstopinthefuture.B.Thechallengesofurbanizationcanbeeasilysolved.C.Urbanizationneedstobecarefullymanaged.D.Ruralareaswilldisappearcompletely.答案：C。从文章对城市化带来的机会和挑战的描述可以推断出，城市化需要谨慎管理，以充分利用机会并应对挑战，A选项城市化是一个全球趋势，不太可能停止；B选项文中提到的挑战如基础设施和环境问题并非容易解决；D选项农村地区不会完全消失，所以选C。完型填空（每题1分，共15题）Intoday'sfast-pacedworld,timemanagementiscrucial.Manypeoplestruggletobalancetheirwork,personallife,andotherresponsibilities.Oneeffectivewaytomanagetimeisbysettingcleargoals.Whenyousetgoals,youneedtomakethem36.Forexample,insteadofsaying"Iwanttobemoreproductive,"youcouldsay"Iwillfinishthreeimportanttaskseveryday."Thismakesthegoalmore37andeasiertotrack.Anotherimportantaspectoftimemanagementiscreatingaschedule.Awell-plannedschedulehelpsyou38yourtimeeffectively.Youcandivideyourdayintoblocksoftimefordifferentactivities.Forinstance,youcansetasidetimeforwork,exercise,relaxation,and39.It'salsoessentialto40distractions.Inthedigitalage,therearemanydistractionssuchassocialmedia,emails,andphonecalls.Youcanturnoffyourphoneoruseappstoblockcertainwebsitesduringyourworktime.Moreover,learningtosaynoisanimportantskillintimemanagement.Sometimes,people41toomanycommitments,whichleadstostressandalackoftimeforimportantthings.Bysayingnotonon-essentialtasks,youcan42yourfocusonthemostimportantones.Finally,takingbreaksisnecessary.Continuousworkcanleadto43andreducedproductivity.Shortbreakscanhelpyourechargeyourenergyand44better.Inconclusion,timemanagementisaskillthatcanbelearnedand45.Byfollowingthesestrategies,youcanmakethemostofyourtimeandachieveabetterwork-lifebalance.36.A.vagueB.specificC.generalD.abstract答案：B。根据后文举例，将目标具体化，如从“我想更有效率”到“我每天将完成三项重要任务”，所以目标要具体，“specific”符合，“vague”是模糊的；“general”是一般的；“abstract”是抽象的，选B。37.A.measurableB.immeasurableC.unmeasurableD.measureless答案：A。具体的目标更可衡量和跟踪，“measurable”表示可衡量的；“immeasurable”和“unmeasurable”都表示不可衡量的；“measureless”也有不可衡量的意思，选A。38.A.allocateB.distributeC.assignD.alloftheabove答案：D。“allocate”“distribute”“assign”都有分配、安排的意思，制定好的日程表有助于有效安排时间，这几个词都适用，选D。39.A.sleepB.eatingC.hobbiesD.alloftheabove答案：D。日程安排应该涵盖工作、锻炼、放松以及睡眠、饮食、个人爱好等各种活动，选D。40.A.avoidB.escapeC.fleeD.dodge答案：A。“avoid”有避免的意思，这里说要避免分心的事物，“escape”强调逃离危险等；“flee”也有逃离的意思；“dodge”主要指躲闪，选A。41.A.takeonB.takeoffC.takeupD.takeover答案：A。“takeon”有承担、接受的意思，人们承担太多承诺会导致压力和没时间做重要的事；“takeoff”是起飞、脱下；“takeup”是开始从事、占据；“takeover”是接管，选A。42.A.maintainB.keepC.holdD.alloftheabove答案：D。“maintain”“keep”“hold”都有保持的意思，拒绝不必要的任务可以保持对最重要事情的专注，选D。43.A.fatigueB.tirednessC.exhaustionD.alloftheabove答案：D。持续工作会导致疲劳、疲倦、精疲力竭，“fatigue”“tiredness”“exhaustion”都有疲劳的意思，选D。44.A.thinkB.workC.performD.alloftheabove答案：D。短暂的休息可以让人重新充满能量，从而在思考、工作、表现等方面更好，选D。45.A.improvedB.enhancedC.developedD.alloftheabove答案：D。时间管理是一项可以学习并改进、提高、发展的技能，“improved”“enhanced”“developed”都符合语境，选D。笔译实务部分英译汉（共3段，共25分）第一段（8分）Thedevelopmentoftechnologyhasbroughtaboutsignificantchangesinourdailylives.Inthepastfewdecades,wehavewitnessedtherapidgrowthoftheInternet,mobiledevices,andartificialintelligence.Thesetechnologicaladvancementshavemadeinformationmoreaccessible,communicationmoreconvenient,andbusinessoperationsmoreefficient.Forexample,withthehelpofsmartphones,wecannowaccessavastamountofinformationatanytimeandfromanywhere.E-commerceplatformshavealsorevolutionizedthewayweshop,allowingustopurchaseproductsfromallovertheworldwithjustafewclicks.技术的发展给我们的日常生活带来了显著变化。在过去几十年里，我们见证了互联网、移动设备和人工智能的快速发展。这些技术进步使信息获取更加便捷，通信更加方便，商业运营更加高效。例如，借助智能手机，我们现在可以随时随地获取海量信息。电子商务平台也彻底改变了我们的购物方式，让我们只需轻点几下鼠标就能购买到来自世界各地的商品。第二段（8分）Sustainabledevelopmentisanimportantconceptintoday'sworld.Itreferstothedevelopmentthatmeetstheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Toachievesustainabledevelopment,weneedtobalanceeconomicgrowth,socialprogress,andenvironmentalprotection.Thisrequiresustomakewiseuseofnaturalresources,reducepollution,andpromotetheuseofrenewableenergysources.Forinstance,manycountriesarenowinvestinginsolarandwindpowertoreducetheirdependenceonfossilfuels.可持续发展是当今世界的一个重要理念。它指的是在满足当代人需求的同时，不损害后代人满足自身需求的能力的发展。为了实现可持续发展，我们需要平衡经济增长、社会进步和环境保护。这要求我们合理利用自然资源，减少污染，并推广可再生能源的使用。例如，许多国家现在正在投资太阳能和风能，以减少对化石燃料的依赖。第三段（9分）Culturalexchangeplaysavitalroleinpromotingmutualunderstandingandfriendshipamongdifferentcountries.Throughculturalexchange,peoplecanlearnaboutdifferentcultures,traditions,andvalues.Thishelpstobreakdownculturalbarriersandbuildbridgesofcommunication.Forexample,internationalartexhibitions,musicfestivals,andfilmfestivalsprovideplatformsforpeoplefromdifferentcountriestoshowcasetheirculturalachievementsandinteractwitheachother.Moreover,culturalexchangecanalsostimulateeconomicdevelopmentbypromotingtourismandculturalindustries.文化交流在促进不同国家之间的相互理解和友谊方面发挥着至关重要的作用。通过文化交流，人们可以了解不同的文化、传统和价值观。这有助于打破文化障碍，搭建沟通的桥梁。例如，国际艺术展览、音乐节和电影节为来自不同国家的人们提供了展示其文化成就并相互交流的平台。此外，文化交流还可以通过促进旅游业和文化产业来刺激经济发展。汉译英（共3段，共25分）第一段（8分）中国在过去几十年里取得了举世瞩目的经济成就。改革开放政策的实施为中国经济的快速发展奠定了基础。如今，中国已成为世界第二大经济体，在全球经济中发挥着越来越重要的作用。中国的制造业、电子商务和科技创新等领域都取得了显著进步。例如，中国的高铁技术处于世界领先水平，电子商务平台的规模和影响力也在不断扩大。Inthepastfewdeca