2025年高考英语二轮复习：阅读理解必练1（含答案）

2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练第五部分题型

必刷阅读理解必练01含答案阅读理解必练01（新高考）

（满分：37.5分，推荐用时：35分钟）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

【来源】浙江省强基联盟2024-2025学年高三12月联考英语试题

DigitalDiscoveryWorkshops

PacSei'sDigitalDiscoveryWorkshopsbringuniquescienceexperiencestoyouonyourownschedule.

PacScieducatorsjoinyoulivefromourDigitalLearningStudiotoengagelearnersinSTEMconceptsthrough

real-timedemonstrations,sampleclose-ups,andinteractivesoftwareandvideos.

WhoArethesefor?

DigitalDiscoveryWorkshopsaredesignedforPreK-12gradersjoiningfromclassrooms,after-school

settings,libraryprograms,orothercommunitygroups.

Costs&Booking

1-99participants:$250

•100-199participants:$350

•200-299participants:$450

•300+participants:$550

Qualifiedlow-incomeschoolsmayreceiveupto100%offDigitalDiscoveryWorkshopsrates.Programs

shouldbebookedatleast2weeksinadvance.Webookonarollingcalendaryearsowecanscheduleasfarin

advanceasyoulike!

HowTheyWork

•PacScieducatorssendyouaprivateZoomlink,orjoinavirtualplatformofyourchoice.

•PacScieducatorsguideparticipantsthroughdemonstrationsandactivitiesastheyfacilitateactivestudent

participation.

•Eachprogramincludesanoptionalfollow-alongworksheet,aswellasconnectedextensionactivities,

readinglists,andvideostousebeforeandaftertheprogram.

WhatYouWillNeed

•Oneshareddevicewithalargescreenandspeakersorindividualdevices

•Internetconnection

•Accesstoyourselectedvirtualplatform,suchasZoom

•Awebcamandmicrophoneonparticipantdevice(s)

•Anadultorvolunteermustbepresenttohelpfacilitate

1.WhatistheaimoftheDigitalDiscoveryWorkshops?

A.Topromotedigitallearning.B.Toimprovescienceeducation.

C.Todiscovertalentedlearners.D.Toenjoyinteractiveexperience.

2.WhatdoweknowtheDigitalDiscoveryWorkshops?

A.Theyalwaysemployfamouseducators.B.Theycoverfullcostsonsomeconditions.

C.Theyacceptadvancebookingatanytime.D.Theyareappropriateforuniversitystudents.

3.Whatareparticipantsexpectedtodo?

A.Sharepersonaldevices.B.Accesspopularplatforms.

C.Engagewithassistance.D.Takephotosviawebcams.

【来源】江苏省南京市六校联合体2024-2025学年高三上学期11月联考英语试题

Oneday,my11-year-olddaughtertoldmethatshewantedtoreturnapairofpantsonAmazon.46Youneedto

keepclickingthe'somethingelse'buttonifyouwanttotalktoarealperson,Itoldher.Shefollowedmyword,

andafterabitofclicking,shemanagedtotalktoarealpersonandgetthepantsreturned.Intheprocess,Ihadthe

chancetothinkaboutwhatthiseverydayinteractionwasteachingmydaughter.

Ithoughtaboutwhatitmeanttoconstantlyaskfor"somethingelse”.Ifsnotonlyabouthavingarealperson

totalkwith.It'sequallyaboutthequalityofourcommunication.It'saboutthinkingsomething,thensayingit,and

thenhavinganotherpersonthinkandsaysomethingbacktoyou.Itseemssimpleandyetitmaybecomethe

exception,nottherule.Inmanycases,italreadyhas.

Withthe“quickresponses^^atthebottomofGmail,potentialresponsesoftenappearrightinfrontofus."Yes,

sure.^^"Ofcourse!,?or"Igotit."Theresponses,I'venoticed,aremostlyokay.Sometimes,they'reexactlywhatI

wanttosay.Occasionally,they'rewildlywrong.Atfirst,ItoldmyselfIwouldn,tusethosepre-maderesponses.

Soonenough,though,Igotinarushandfoundtheyweregood.

Whatwouldhappenifourlanguagegotautomatedingeneralinthisway?Whatif,insteadofgenerating

responses,wesimplypointedandclicked?Choosingaresponseisakindofthinking,butit'sfarlessaccuratethan

thekindneededtogeneratecontent.Ithastodomorewithrecognizinga“goodenough^^response.Insteadof

startingwithablankboard,wecritique（评判）things.Thafsnotuseless,butitdoesn'treplacethinkingina

generativeway.Ifkidsonlycritiquesomething,theywon'thaveoriginalthoughts.Theymaybecomegreateditors,

butthey511likelystruggletocreateideasinfreshways.

There9snosimplesolutionandcertainlynowaytoturnbacktheclockonautomatedtalk.Yet,aswemove

forward,weneedtoconsidercarefullyhowsimplechangesincommunicationcanhaveseriouseffects.Ifwewant

tohelpourkids,the"somethingelse"wesearchedfor-authentichumanconversation-shouldnotbethe

exception,buttherule.

4.Whatcontributestohigh-qualitycommunicationaccordingtoparagraph2?

A.Thecleargoals.B.Theexactexpressions.

C.Theprocessofthinking.D.Theimmediateresponse.

5.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutusingthepre-maderesponses?

A.Excitedandeagertotrythemout.

B.Annoyedandnotinterestedinthem.

C.Disappointedbytheirinaccuratesuggestions.

D.Unwillingbutfinallyawareoftheirconvenience.

6.Whatwouldhappentokidswiththeautomationoflanguage?

A.Theircreativitywillsuffer.B.Theircriticalthinkingabilitywillincrease.

C.Theireditingskillswillhardlyimprove.D.Theirexpressionswillbemoreaccurateandefficient.

7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.MyReflectionsonAutomatedTalkB.MyUnforgettableOnlineReturnExperience

C.TheArtofGuidingChildren'sCreativityD.TheBenefitsofUsingAutomationinCommunication

c

【来源】湖南省部分名校2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中联合考试英语

Theimpactsofsmokingontheimmunesystemremainlongafterasmoker5slastsmoking,accordingtoa

study.Theanalysisispartofanefforttodeterminewhyimmuneresponsesvarysowidelyfrompersontoperson.

Inadditiontocigarettesmoking,thestudyfoundthathavingahigher-than-averagebodymassindex（体重指数）

andhavingpreviouslybeeninfectedwithatypicalviruscalledcytomegalovirus（CMV,巨名田胞病毒）alsoaffectthe

immuneresponse.

BiologistSaint-AndreandhercolleaguesanalysedbloodsamplesandquestionnairescollectedbytheMilieu

InterieurConsortiumfrom1,000healthypeoplewholiveinBrittany,France.Theresearchersexposedtheblood

samplestomicroorganisms,virusesandsoonknowntoactivatetheimmunesystem.Theythengaugedtheeffect

ofthemontheproductionofproteinscalledcytokines移田胞因子）,whichregulatethebody'sinflammatory（炎症

的）responses.

Theauthorscombinedtheseresultswithinformationabout136personaltraitsdrawnfrompopulationstudies,

environmentalandclinicaldata.Theyfoundthatthreefactorsstoodoutashavingparticularlystrongassociations

withcytokineresponses:cigarettesmoking,bodymassindexandpreviouscytomegalovirusinfection.

Thedataoncigaretteconsumptionwereparticularlystriking;theeffectofsmokingoncytokineresponses

wasaslargeastheeffectsofage,sexandgenetics.Andtheseeffectsremainedforyearsafterparticipantshadgiven

upcigarettes.

Butthestudystillneedstoberepeatedtoensurethattheresultsareconvincing,saysSaint-Andre.Andin

future,itshouldincludeamorediversegroupofparticipants.Theteamhasnowexpandedtheirstudytoinclude

participantsfromSenegalandHongKong,shesays.Theresearchershavealsogonebacktotheoriginal

participants,andhavecollectedfreshbloodsamplesfrom415ofthem10yearsaftertheoriginalsampleswere

taken.

“Itwouldbevaluabletolearnmoreabouthowsmokinginfluencesimmunecellfunction,and,inturn,what

thebody'sresponsestoinfectionare,“saysprofessorLuo."Thatcouldoffervaluableinsightsintothebroader

healthconsequencesofsmoking.^^

8.Howdidtheresearchersidentifythethreeinfluencingfactors?

A.Byrepeatingthestudy.

B.Bycontrastingthepersonaltraits.

C.Byreferringtostudiesofotherfields.

D.Byresearchingupto136people.

9.Whomighthavetheworstimmunesystemaccordingtothetext?

A.Someonewhohasquitsmokingformanyyears.

B.Someonewhoserelativeshaveasmokinghabit.

C.Someonewhohasabelownormalbodymassindex.

D.SomeonewholiveswithaCMVinfectedperson.

10.WhatdidresearchersdotoensuretheresultswereCORRECT?

A.Theyinvitedmoreparticipantsofthesamerace.

B.Theyexpandedtheirresearchallovertheworld.

C.Theygotonwellwiththeoriginalparticipants.

D.Theyrestudiedsomeoriginalparticipantsyearslater.

11.WhatcanweknowfromwhatLuosaid?

A.Itisusefulandvaluabletogiveupsmoking.

B.Theresultofthestudyiscomplete.

C.Smokinghassomethingtodowithinfection.

D.Thestudyaidstolearntheeffectsofsmoking.

D

【来源】2025届广东省三校“决胜高考，梦圆乙巳”第一次联合模拟一模英语试题

Inthequesttounderstandandcomparetheeducationalparadigmsshapingthemindsoffuturegenerations,

researchershavedelvedintotheintricatedynamicsofChineseandWesternpedagogicalapproaches.Today,the

discourseoneducationsystemsisoftenframedbyideologicaldebatesandculturalperspectives.Yet,anew

comprehensivestudyaimstodissectthesesystemsbeyondsurface-levelobservations,exploringtheunderlying

philosophiesandtheirimpactonstudents.

“Withtheproliferationofeducationaltheories,itiscrucialforustoexaminethecoreprinciplesthatdrive

differenteducationalsystems,9,saidDr.LiWei,leadauthorofthestudyandaprofessorofcomparativeeducationat

theUniversityofBeijing."Thesesystemsnowinfluencethelivesofmillionsofstudentsworldwide,andaswe

increasinglyrelyonthemtoshapethemindsofouryouth,Iwantedtoknow:Howdotheycompare?^^

Usingadiversesetofeducationalcasestudiesandoutcomesfromvariouscountries,Dr.Liandherteam

scrutinizedtheeffectivenessandphilosophicalunderpinningsofChineseandWesterneducationsystems.

“Wewereparticularlyinterestedinidentifyingthefactorsthatcontributetothedistinctcharacteristicsof

eachsystem,suchastheemphasisonrotelearninginsomeculturesversusthefocusoncriticalthinkinginothers,9,

saidDr.Li.

Theirstudyrevealedthattheeducationaloutcomesarenotsolelydeterminedbytheamountofcontent

coveredbutalsobythepedagogicalapproach.Moreover,thesesystemsarebiasedtowardscertaintypesoflearners

andintellectualdevelopment.Thisisexpectedsincetheeducationalsystemsareoftenareflectionofthecultural

valuesandsocietalexpectationsoftheregionstheyserve.

Whatcanwelearnfromthecomparativeanalysisoftheseeducationalsystems?

“Agreatdeal,^^Dr.Liexplained."'Educationalpolicymakerscanuseourstudytoinformthedevelopmentof

curriculathatbalancetheneedforknowledgeretentionwiththecultivationofcriticalthinkingskills.Toimprove

theadaptabilityofeducationalsystems,wecanalsoencouragetheincorporationofdiverseteachingmethodsthat

catertoarangeoflearningstyles.^^

12.Whatdoweknowaboutthecurrentstateofeducationalrecordsandobservations?

A.Theyarebecomingoutdated.

B.Theyaremostlybasedontheoreticalmodels.

C.Theyarelimitedinscope.

D.Theyareusedforcomparativeanalysis.

13.WhatdoesDr.Li'sstudyfocuson?

A.Teachingmethodologies.

B.Educationalinfrastructure.

C.Observationaldata.

D.Studentperformancemetrics.

14.WhathasledtothedifferencesbetweentheChineseandWesterneducationsystemsaccordingtothestudy?

A.Culturalandhistoricalfactors.

B.Technologicaladvancements.

C.Economicdisparities.

D.Governmentpolicies.

15.WhatisDr.Li'ssuggestionforimprovingeducationalsystems?

A.Integratemoretechnologyintoclassrooms.

B.Standardizecurriculumsacrossdifferentregions.

C.Provideguidancetoeducatorsondiverseteachingmethods.

D.Focusonasinglepedagogicalapproachforallsubjects.

阅读理解必练01（新高考）

(满分：37.5分，推荐用时：35分钟)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

【来源】浙江省强基联盟2024-2025学年高三12月联考英语试题

DigitalDiscoveryWorkshops

PacSci'sDigitalDiscoveryWorkshopsbringuniquescienceexperiencestoyouonyourownschedule.

PacScieducatorsjoinyoulivefromourDigitalLearningStudiotoengagelearnersinSTEMconceptsthrough

real-timedemonstrations,sampleclose-ups,andinteractivesoftwareandvideos.

WhoArethesefor?

DigitalDiscoveryWorkshopsaredesignedforPreK-12gradersjoiningfromclassrooms,after-school

settings,libraryprograms,orothercommunitygroups.

Costs&Booking

-1-99participants:$250

•100-199participants:$350

•200-299participants:$450

•300+participants:$550

Qualifiedlow-incomeschoolsmayreceiveupto100%offDigitalDiscoveryWorkshopsrates.Programs

shouldbebookedatleast2weeksinadvance.Webookonarollingcalendaryearsowecanscheduleasfarin

advanceasyoulike!

HowTheyWork

•PacScieducatorssendyouaprivateZoomlink,orjoinavirtualplatformofyourchoice.

•PacScieducatorsguideparticipantsthroughdemonstrationsandactivitiesastheyfacilitateactivestudent

participation.

•Eachprogramincludesanoptionalfollow-alongworksheet,aswellasconnectedextensionactivities,

readinglists,andvideostousebeforeandaftertheprogram.

WhatYouWillNeed

•Oneshareddevicewithalargescreenandspeakersorindividualdevices

•Internetconnection

•Accesstoyourselectedvirtualplatform,suchasZoom

•Awebcamandmicrophoneonparticipantdevice(s)

•Anadultorvolunteermustbepresenttohelpfacilitate

1.WhatistheaimoftheDigitalDiscoveryWorkshops?

A.Topromotedigitallearning.B.Toimprovescienceeducation.

C.Todiscovertalentedlearners.D.Toenjoyinteractiveexperience.

2.WhatdoweknowtheDigitalDiscoveryWorkshops?

A.Theyalwaysemployfamouseducators.B.Theycoverfullcostsonsomeconditions.

C.Theyacceptadvancebookingatanytime.D.Theyareappropriateforuniversitystudents.

3.Whatareparticipantsexpectedtodo?

A.Sharepersonaldevices.B.Accesspopularplatforms.

C.Engagewithassistance.D.Takephotosviawebcams.

【答案】1.B2.B3.C

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了PacSci的DigitalDiscoveryWorkshops（数字探索工作坊）的相

关信息。

1.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“PacSci'sDigitalDiscoveryWorkshopsbringuniquescienceexperiencestoyou

onyourownschedule.（PacSci的数字探索工作坊在你自己安排的时间为你带来独特的科学体验。）“可知，数

字探索工作坊的目的是提供独特的科学体验，从而改善或提升科学教育。故选B。

2.细节理解题。根据Costs&Booking部分的“Qualifiedlow-incomeschoolsmayreceiveupto100%offDigital

DiscoveryWorkshopsrates.（符合条件的低收入学校可以获得高达100%的数字探索工作坊费用减免。）”可知，

在某些条件下（如低收入学校），数字探索工作坊可以免除全部费用。故选B。

3.细节理解题。根据文章最后一句"Anadultorvolunteermustbepresenttohelpfacilitate.（必须有一名成人或

志愿者在场协助。）”可知，参与者需要有成人或志愿者的协助来参与活动。故选C。

B

【来源】江苏省南京市六校联合体2024-2025学年高三上学期11月联考英语试题

Oneday,my11-year-olddaughtertoldmethatshewantedtoreturnapairofpantsonAmazon."Youneedto

keepclickingthe'somethingelse'buttonifyouwanttotalktoarealperson,Itoldher.Shefollowedmyword,

andafterabitofclicking,shemanagedtotalktoarealpersonandgetthepantsreturned.Intheprocess,Ihadthe

chancetothinkaboutwhatthiseverydayinteractionwasteachingmydaughter.

Ithoughtaboutwhatitmeanttoconstantlyaskfor"'somethingelse”.Ifsnotonlyabouthavingarealperson

totalkwith.It'sequallyaboutthequalityofourcommunication.It'saboutthinkingsomething,thensayingit,and

thenhavinganotherpersonthinkandsaysomethingbacktoyou.Itseemssimpleandyetitmaybecomethe

exception,nottherule.Inmanycases,italreadyhas.

Withthe"quickresponses^^atthebottomofGmail,potentialresponsesoftenappearrightinfrontofus."Yes,

sure.”"Ofcourse!?,or"Igotit."Theresponses,Fvenoticed,aremostlyokay.Sometimes,they'reexactlywhatI

wanttosay.Occasionally,they'rewildlywrong.Atfirst,ItoldmyselfIwouldn'tusethosepre-maderesponses.

Soonenough,though,Igotinarushandfoundtheyweregood.

Whatwouldhappenifourlanguagegotautomatedingeneralinthisway?Whatif,insteadofgenerating

responses,wesimplypointedandclicked?Choosingaresponseisakindofthinking,butit'sfarlessaccuratethan

thekindneededtogeneratecontent.Ithastodomorewithrecognizinga“goodenough“response.Insteadof

startingwithablankboard,wecritique（评判）things.Thafsnotuseless,butitdoesn'treplacethinkingina

generativeway.Ifkidsonlycritiquesomething,theywon'thaveoriginalthoughts.Theymaybecomegreateditors,

butthey'lllikelystruggletocreateideasinfreshways.

There9snosimplesolutionandcertainlynowaytoturnbacktheclockonautomatedtalk.Yet,aswemove

forward,weneedtoconsidercarefullyhowsimplechangesincommunicationcanhaveseriouseffects.Ifwewant

tohelpourkids,the''somethingelse“wesearchedfor-authentichumanconversation-shouldnotbethe

exception,buttherule.

4.Whatcontributestohigh-qualitycommunicationaccordingtoparagraph2?

A.Thecleargoals.B.Theexactexpressions.

C.Theprocessofthinking.D.Theimmediateresponse.

5.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutusingthepre-maderesponses?

A.Excitedandeagertotrythemout.

B.Annoyedandnotinterestedinthem.

C.Disappointedbytheirinaccuratesuggestions.

D.Unwillingbutfinallyawareoftheirconvenience.

6.Whatwouldhappentokidswiththeautomationoflanguage?

A.Theircreativitywillsuffer.B.Theircriticalthinkingabilitywillincrease.

C.Theireditingskillswillhardlyimprove.D.Theirexpressionswillbemoreaccurateandefficient.

7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.MyReflectionsonAutomatedTalkB.MyUnforgettableOnlineReturnExperience

C.TheArtofGuidingChildren'sCreativityD.TheBenefitsofUsingAutomationinCommunication

【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.A

【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者女儿对于自动对话的自身经历，表达了对于自动对话的一些

看法和观点。

4.细节理解题。根据第二段“Ithoughtaboutwhatitmeanttoconstantlyaskfor"somethingelse”.It'snotonly

abouthavingarealpersontotalkwith.Ifsequallyaboutthequalityofourcommunication.Ifsaboutthinking

something,thensayingit,andthenhavinganotherpersonthinkandsaysomethingbacktoyou.（我思考了不断要

求“别的东西”意味着什么。这不仅仅是有一个真正的人可以交谈。这同样关系到我们沟通的质量。它是关于

思考一些事情，然后说出来，然后让另一个人思考并回答你一些事情）”可知，思考的过程有助于高质量的沟

通。故选C。

5.细节理解题。根据第三段"Atfirst,ItoldmyselfIwouldn'tusethosepre-maderesponses.Soonenough,though,

Igotinarushandfoundtheyweregood.（一开始，我告诉自己不要用那些预先准备好的回答。但很快，我急切

发现它们很不错）”可知，作者不愿意使用预先准备好的回答，但最终意识到它们的方便。故选D。

6.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Whatwouldhappenifourlanguagegotautomatedingeneralinthisway?What

if,insteadofgeneratingresponses,wesimplypointedandclicked?Choosingaresponseisakindofthinking,but

ifsfarlessaccuratethanthekindneededtogeneratecontent.Ithastodomorewithrecognizinga"goodenough^^

response.Insteadofstartingwithablankboard,wecritique（评判）things.That'snotuseless,butitdoesn'treplace

thinkinginagenerativeway.Ifkidsonlycritiquesomething,theywon'thaveoriginalthoughts.Theymaybecome

greateditors,butthey51!likelystruggletocreateideasinfreshways.（如果我们的语言在整体上被自动化了会发

生什么？如果我们不是生成回应，而是指向和点击会怎样？选择回应是一种思考方式，但它的准确性远不

如生成内容所需的思考方式。它更多地与识别“足够好”的回应有关。而不是从空白的画布开始，我们是在评

价事物。这并非毫无用处，但它无法替代以创造性方式进行思考。如果孩子们只进行评价，他们就不会有

原创的想法。他们可能会成为出色的编辑，但很可能无法以全新的方式创造想法）”可知，语言自动化的孩子

创造力会受到影响。故选A。

7.主旨大意题。根据最后一段"There'snosimplesolutionandcertainlynowaytoturnbacktheclockon

automatedtalk.Yet,aswemoveforward,weneedtoconsidercarefullyhowsimplechangesincommunicationcan

haveseriouseffects.Ifwewanttohelpourkids,the"somethingelse“wesearchedfor-authentichuman

conversation—shouldnotbetheexception,buttherule.（没有简单的解决方案，当然也没有办法让自动对话时

光倒流。然而，在我们前进的过程中，我们需要仔细考虑沟通方面的简单改变会产生怎样严重的影响。如

果我们想帮助我们的孩子，我们寻找的“其他东西”——真实的人类对话——不应该是例外，而应该是规则）”

结合文章通过作者女儿对于自动对话的自身经历，表达了对于自动对话的一些看法和观点。可知，A选项“我

对自动对话的看法”最符合文章标题。故选A。

C

【来源】湖南省部分名校2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中联合考试英语

Theimpactsofsmokingontheimmunesystemremainlongafterasmoker'slastsmoking,accordingtoa

study.Theanalysisispartofanefforttodeterminewhyimmuneresponsesvarysowidelyfrompersontoperson.

Inadditiontocigarettesmoking,thestudyfoundthathavingahigher-than-averagebodymassindex（体重指数）

andhavingpreviouslybeeninfectedwithatypicalviruscalledcytomegalovirus（CMV,巨名田胞病毒）alsoaffectthe

immuneresponse.

BiologistSaint-AndreandhercolleaguesanalysedbloodsamplesandquestionnairescollectedbytheMilieu

InterieurConsortiumfrom1,000healthypeoplewholiveinBrittany,France.Theresearchersexposedtheblood

samplestomicroorganisms,virusesandsoonknowntoactivatetheimmunesystem.Theythengaugedtheeffect

ofthemontheproductionofproteinscalledcytokines偿田胞因子）,whichregulatethebody'sinflammatory（炎症

的）responses.

Theauthorscombinedtheseresultswithinformationabout136personaltraitsdrawnfrompopulationstudies,

environmentalandclinicaldata.Theyfoundthatthreefactorsstoodoutashavingparticularlystrongassociations

withcytokineresponses:cigarettesmoking,bodymassindexandpreviouscytomegalovirusinfection.

Thedataoncigaretteconsumptionwereparticularlystriking;theeffectofsmokingoncytokineresponses

wasaslargeastheeffectsofage,sexandgenetics.Andtheseeffectsremainedforyearsafterparticipantshadgiven

upcigarettes.

Butthestudystillneedstoberepeatedtoensurethattheresultsareconvincing,saysSaint-Andre.Andin

future,itshouldincludeamorediversegroupofparticipants.Theteamhasnowexpandedtheirstudytoinclude

participantsfromSenegalandHongKong,shesays.Theresearchershavealsogonebacktotheoriginal

participants,andhavecollectedfreshbloodsamplesfrom415ofthem10yearsaftertheoriginalsampleswere

taken.

“Itwouldbevaluabletolearnmoreabouthowsmokinginfluencesimmunecellfunction,and,inturn,what

thebody'sresponsestoinfectionare,“saysprofessorLuo."Thatcouldoffervaluableinsightsintothebroader

healthconsequencesofsmoking.^^

8.Howdidtheresearchersidentifythethreeinfluencingfactors?

A.Byrepeatingthestudy.

B.Bycontrastingthepersonaltraits.

C.Byreferringtostudiesofotherfields.

D.Byresearchingupto136people.

9.Whomighthavetheworstimmunesystemaccordingtothetext?

A.Someonewhohasquitsmokingformanyyears.

B.Someonewhoserelativeshaveasmokinghabit.

C.Someonewhohasabelownormalbodymassindex.

D.SomeonewholiveswithaCMVinfectedperson.

10.WhatdidresearchersdotoensuretheresultswereCORRECT?

A.Theyinvitedmoreparticipantsofthesamerace.

B.Theyexpandedtheirresearchallovertheworld.

C.Theygotonwellwiththeoriginalparticipants.

D.Theyrestudiedsomeoriginalparticipantsyearslater.

11.WhatcanweknowfromwhatLuosaid?

A.Itisusefulandvaluabletogiveupsmoking.

B.Theresultofthestudyiscomplete.

C.Smokinghassomethingtodowithinfection.

D.Thestudyaidstolearntheeffectsofsmoking.

【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了研究人员针对免疫细胞功能进行的调查，指出吸烟、体重指数和

病毒感染与免疫细胞的反应有着较强的关联性。

8.细节理解题。根据第三段“Theauthorscombinedtheseresultswithinformationabout136personaltraitsdrawn

frompopulationstudies,environmentalandclinicaldata.Theyfoundthatthreefactorsstoodoutashaving

particularlystrongassociationswithcytokineresponses:cigarettesmoking,bodymassindexandprevious

cytomegalovirusinfection.（作者将这些结果与从人口研究、环境和临床数据中提取的136个个人特征的信息

相结合。他们发现，有三个因素与细胞因子反应特别密切相关：吸烟、体重指数和既往巨细胞病毒感染）”

可知，研究人员将这些结果与来自人口研究、环境和临床数据中提取的136个个人特征的信息相结合，从

而发现了这三个影响因素，即通过参考其他领域的研究。故选C。

9.推理判断题。根据第四段“Thedataoncigaretteconsumptionwereparticularlystriking;theeffectofsmoking

oncytokineresponseswasaslargeastheeffectsofage,sexandgenetics.Andtheseeffectsremainedforyearsafter

participantshadgivenupcigarettes.（香烟消耗数据尤其引人注目；吸烟对细胞因子反应的影响与年龄、性别和

遗传的影响一样大。这些影响在参与者戒烟多年后仍然存在）”可知，吸烟对细胞因子反应的影响在戒烟多年

后依然存在，结合第二段中的"Theythengaugedtheeffectofthemontheproductionofproteinscalledcytokines

（细胞因子）,whichregulatethebody?sinflammatory（炎症的）responses.（然后，他们测量了它们对名为细胞因

子的蛋白质的生产的影响，细胞因子调节身体的炎症反应）''可推测出，一个戒烟多年的人的细胞因子反应可

能最强烈，而细胞因子影响人体免疫，所以免疫力可能最差。故选A。

10.细节理解题。根据第五段中的"Butthestudystillneedstoberepeatedtoensurethattheresultsareconvincing,

saysSaint-Andre.（但Saint-Andre说，这项研究仍需要重复，以确保结果令人信服）""Theresearchershavealso

gonebacktotheoriginalparticipants,andhavecollectedfreshbloodsamplesfrom415ofthem10yearsafterthe

originalsamplesweretaken.（研究人员还回到了最初的参与者那里，并在原始样本采集10年后从其中415人

那里收集了新鲜血液样本）”可知，研究人员为了确保结果的可信性，在10年前的参与者身上重新采集了血

液样本，重复进行研究。故选D。

11.推理判断题。根据最后一段“"Itwouldbevaluabletolearnmoreabouthowsmokinginfluencesimmunecell

function,and,inturn,whatthebody'sresponses