2025届上海市虹口区高三二模学习能力诊断测试英语试题(含答案)VIP

AAfterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Returningfromstudyingabroadwaslikebeinghitbyawaveofreality.Theinitialshockwasn’tinthecustomsorlanguagedifferencesI(1)_____(expect)abroad—itcamewhenIsteppedbackintodailylifeintheU.S.InDenmarkandtheothercountriesIvisited,(2)_____(notunderstand)everywordaroundmebecamestrangelycomforting.Therewasaquietpeaceinnothavingtoprocesseveryconversation,notbeingsubjectedtoendlesschatter.Whatstruckmedeeplywas(3)_____Englishsurroundedmeoncemore,apersistentreflectionofthefamiliarityIdidn’trealizeI’dgrowntiredof.

Thencamethenoise.(4)_____Ihadgottenusedtothepeacefulness,Newfeltlikea

mixtureofloudunpleasantsounds.Shoutingisliterallyeverywhere—itfeltlikeeveryonewasalways(5)_____arushtofilltheairwithsound.Itfeltdisturbing,especiallywhenI(6)_____(throw)intochaosaftermonthsofpeace.Thehardestpartwasn’tjustadjustingtothenoise,butthelackofagreementbetweenmy

excitementtotalkaboutmyexperiencesandtheblankstaresIreceivedinreturn.Ilonged

(7)_____(share),butitfeltlikenoonereallyunderstood.Onlymyfellowstudy-abroadfriendscouldrelate,andtheirsympathywasacomfort.Thebiggestchange,though,wasinternal.Ihadoncebeensetonafutureincardiothoracic

surgery心胸外科手术(8)_____(convince)thatmedicalschoolwasmycalling.livinginScandinaviashiftedmyperspective.Now,I’mresearchingglobalhealth.Life,(9)_____ithappens,hasawayofchangingdirectionwhenyouleastexpectit.Sometimes,thebestopportunitiescomefromsayingyesto(10)_____unexpected,fromsteppingoutsideyourcomfortzone—andthepeopleandexperiencesyoumeetalongthewaymakeitallworthit.BCompletethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.customarilyB.thoughtfullyC.encodedD.exhibitsE.foldingF.InitiatedG.proceedingH.reservationsI.routingJ.tailoredK.turningAttheNationalMuseumofClassicBooksinBeijing,playersparticipateinanimmersive沉浸式的)puzzle-solvinggameaspartoftheexhibition.Thisgame,AncientBookRestorer—HundredCitiesBook,allowsplayerstoemployguidebookstoinvestigateancienttextsandsearchforhiddenclues.ThegamebeginsbyscanningaQRcode二维码)foundontheguidebook,11playerstothegame’smini-program,wheretheyaregiventhemissiontouncoverhiddentruthswithindisplayeditems.Playerscompletepuzzlesusingclues12inancientobjectsandrarebooks.OneofthefirstpuzzlesinvolvesaversionofShanHaiJing(ClassicofMountainsandSeas),theearliestknowneditionfromduringtheSongDynasty.Playersmustunderstandthegeographicdistancesbetweenmountainsinthetextanduseaspecifically13paperrulerwithrelevantinformationprintedonittofindtheanswer.Fengaplayer,enjoyedusingtherulertofindtheclues.Sheemphasizedtheimportanceofunderstandingthetextandcorrectly14therulertosolvethepuzzle.8315intotal,morethan20providecluestothegame.Byreading,analyzing,andusingancienttextsandmaps,playersare16throughthegame.Thegameencouragesplayerstoengagewiththedisplaysand17examinetheireducationalcontent.Puzzleenthusiastscanreservetheirspotonthemuseum’saccount.Thegametwoversions:asingle-player,whereplayersexplorethemysterious18ofShanHaiJing’spagesatmidnight,andathree-playerversion,whichinvolveselementsofcompetitionandcooperation.Sinceitslaunch,thegamehasbecomepopularamongpuzzleenthusiastsandtraditionalculturefans,with19oftensoldoutwithinminutes.Thegameispartofthe“Shanhaishe”IP,avirtualcommunityforancientbookprotection20bythemuseum,aimingtoconnectplayerswithculturalheritage遗产)andinspirethemtoprotectancientknowledge.AForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Superhumanartificialintelligenceisalreadyamongus,well,sortof.Whenitcomestoplayinggameslikechessorsolvingdifficultscientificchallenges,computersarewellaheadofus.Butwehaveonesuperpowertheyaren’tevencloseto21:mindreading.Humanshaveanabilitytoworkoutthegoals,desiresandbeliefsofothers,acrucialskillthatmeanswecan22otherpeople’sactionsandtheconsequencesofourown.Readingmindscomesso23tous,though,thatweoftendon’tthinktospelloutwhatwewant.IfAIsaretobecometruly24ineverydaylife—inthecaseofself-drivingcars,tounderstandthatachildmightrunintotheroadafterabouncingball—theyneedtoestablishsimilarabilities.Thetroubleisthatdoingsoisfarharderthantrainingachessgrandmaster,foritinvolvesdealingwiththeuncertaintiesofhumanbehaviourandrequiresflexiblethinking,whichAIshavetypically25.Butrecentdevelopments,includingagame-playingAIthatlearnedtocooperatewithhumansandAIsthatcansucceedathide-and-seek,showthat26smartmachinesaren’tapipedream.27,thinkingaboutotherscouldbeasteptowardsagrandergoal—AIwithself-awareness.“Ifwewantrobots,orAIingeneral,totruly28intoourlives,thenwehavetofigurethisout,”saysHodLipsonatColumbiaUniversity,NewYork.Psychologistsrefertotheabilityto29another’smentalstateastheoryofmind.Inhumans,thiscapacitystartstodevelopatavery30age:by9months,babiesunderstandthatpeople’sactionsarelinkedtotheirgoals;between18monthsand2years,theystartto31thateachperson’sgoalscanbedifferentbecausewehaveuniquedesires.32,bytheageofabout5,humanshaveafairlyadvancedabilitytoguesswhatothersarethinking.Howto33thesecapabilitiesinmachinesisfarfromclear,though.Partoftheproblemisthatwhatwedescribeastheoryofmindis,infact,notjustonething,butalargecollectionofabilities.Atthesimplerendofitisthecapacitytounderstandthe34behindactions,whileattheotherextremeisthekindofcomplicatedsocialskillsyougetinaJaneAustennovel.Itisimportanttoremember,though,thattheefforttoteachmachinestheoryofmindisa35onthepathtowardsadeepergoalforAIandroboticsresearch:buildingmachinesthatcantrulyexperiencefeelings.Whetherwewillevergetthereremainstobeseen.Butperhaps,alongtheway,wewilllearnsomethingaboutourselvestoo.

21.A.abusingB.enhancingC.masteringD.transforming22.A.anticipateB.controlC.defendD.support23.A.livelyB.rarelyC.naturallyD.unexpectedly24.A.usefulB.modernC.delicateD.real25.A.contestedwithB.struggledwithC.engagedwithD.disagreedwith26.A.financiallyB.sociallyC.physicallyD.culturally27.A.ForexampleB.OnthecontraryC.InsummaryD.What’smore28.A.bumpB.inquireC.translateD.integrate29.A.inferB.alterC.interruptD.document30.A.differentB.presentC.youngD.average31.A.denyB.forgetC.graspD.ignore32.A.RegrettablyB.DistressinglyC.HopefullyD.Remarkably33.A.examineB.reproduceC.expandD.restore34.A.motivationsB.consequencesC.problemsD.conflicts35.A.steppingstoneB.turningpointC.roadblockD.deadendBReadthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)It’seighto’clockonChristmasmorning,anddadsayshewantstolistentothenews.MyselfiswonderingwhyonEarthgrown-upswouldbeinterestedinthenewswhenthereareimportantthingstobedone,suchashandingoutpresents.Andthen,whileIamonlyhalf-listeningtotheradiobroadcast,somethingunusualhappens:theboringnewsreaderbeginstalkingaboutaChristmasmessage.Hadn’tweheardthatreportearlier?Myolderbrother,Colin,figuresoutwhat’shappening.“Pete,Pete,it’sataperecorder!gotourtaperecorder!”Itfinallydawnsonme:mydadrecordedthenewsandisplayingitbackIaColinandIhadbothbeenblindfrombirth.Now,inthelate1950s,excitingconsumergoodswerecomingwithinreachofthenot-sorich.AtthespecialboardingschoolthatColinandIattended,arecorderofyourownwastheheightofjoy.However,Colin—betterinformedandmorerealisticaboutfamilyfinancesthanIwas—hadnorealexpectationsofgettingone.Irealized,muchlater,thatataperecorderwouldhavecostmorethanfourtimesdad’sweeklywage.Thenewtoy,thesizeofasmallsuitcase,dominatedtherestoftheChristmasholidays.Once

wehadmasteredthecontrols,werecordedanythingandeverything:eachother,ourparents,themilkman,thedog...andweveryquicklylearnedhowmuchfunwecouldhavewithit.Forthefirsttime,inthesamewaythatasightedchildmightreacttoseeingthemselvesinamirrororaphotograph,Igotthesenseofmyselfasaseparatepersonwhoexistedoutsidemyheadandwasexperiencedbyotherpeople.Itwasbothexcitingandembarrassing.ItookmyfirststepsdownthepathtomycareerasabroadcasterwhenIreturnedtoschoolafter

theholidays.Iwasluckytobeinaclassofimaginativeandcreativeboyscrazyforrecorders,anditwasn’tlongbeforewestartedtomakeourownradioprogrammes.Iwouldwanderroundtheschoolwithmymicrophone,recordingmythoughtsinthestyleofthevoicesIheardontheradio.

Tenyearslater,Idrewontheconfidencegainedfromthoseearlyinvolvementinsoundand

walkedintoaradiostation,inthehopesofsellingmyselfasabroadcastjournalist.yearslater,IpresentedmyfirstreportforBBCTV’sSixO’ClockNews,aprogrammemydadhadnevermissed.Althoughbythenhe’dbeendeadformorethanadecade,Iliketothinkhe’dhaverealisedthathisinspiringChristmaspresenthadchangedmylife.36.WhydiddadwanttolistentothenewsonChristmasmorning?A.Heexpectedtogivetheboysasurprise.B.Hewaspostponinghandingouthispresents.C.Hehadalwaysenjoyedlisteningtothenews.

D.HemissedtheChristmasnewsthedaybefore.37.Bythefirstsentenceofparagraph4,thea”meansthat_____.A.hedidn’tknowbeforewhatarecorderwasB.hegotthetaperecorderhehadbeendyingforC.therecorderwasthefirstpresenthegotfromdadD.therecorderwasanexceptionallymeaningfulgift38.Whatdidtherecorderenabletheboystodowhentheystartedtouseit?A.Maketheirownradioprogrammes.B.Discovermoreaboutthemselves.C.Pursueacareerinbroadcasting.D.Heareachothermoreclearly.39.Accordingtothepassage,howdidthetaperecorderchangetheauthor’slife?A.Itboostedtheauthor’sconfidenceincommunicatingwithpeople.B.Ithelpedtheauthordevelopacloserrelationshipwithhisfamily.C.Itmadetheauthormoreinterestedinlisteningtonewsreports.D.Itsparkedtheauthor’spassionforsoundandbroadcasting.(B)Shippingcontainers,currentlyexperiencingamajorshortage,havealifeof10to15yearswhenusedtotransportgoodsacrossoceans.Sowhathappenstothesemassiveanddurablestructuresafterthat?Oftenthey’rerecycledintolow-coststorage—othertimestheysimplysitinportsaroundtheworld.Now,architectsarefindingnewandimprovedwaystounlocktheirlow-costandsustainabledevelopmentpotential.Onlandthatwasmeanttobecomeajail,insteadstandsa60,500square-foothousingfacilitysupportingunhousedpeople.TheCareFirstholds232units,aswellasacommonbuildingwithlaundryfacilities,diningareasandadogpark.TheconceptofthemicrotheaterfirstbeganinMadrid,whereaudiencesgatheredtowatchshortperformancesindifferentroomsofanoldhotel.In2021,Microtheaterfirstappeared,hostingshortplaysinshippingcontainers.Stepinsideandwatchoneoralloftheoriginal15-minuteshows.Thisisnotyourtypicalcafé.Itsdesign,inspiredbytrees,features29shippingcontainerspiledinamannertolooklikebranches.Whileashippingcontainerdoesn’ttypicallyscream“naturallight,”skylightwindowsarestrategicallyplacedthroughoutthestructure.竞技场)LocatedontheGulfshoreline,Stadium974isa40,000-capacityarenacreatedfrom974shippingcontainers.ThefirsttemporarystadiuminCuphistory,itwillhostCupmatchesthisyear—andthenitscomponentswillbeshippedtocountriesinneedaroundtheworldforrepurposing.1“Everysinglethingyoubuyintheworldhasbeentransportedinthesethings,”artistDavidMachsaysofhisfascinationwithshippingcontainers.Whilestillinthedesignstages,hissculpturewillsoonhaveahomeinEdinburghPark,withabarandexhibitionspaceavailabletovisitorsinside.40.Whymightarchitectsbeinterestedinusingshippingcontainersforconstruction?A.Theyarenotexpensivebutlong-lasting.B.Theyareperfectlyfitfortemporarystructures.C.Theyacreativeandcost-effectivebuildingmaterial.D.Theyaremoredurablethantraditionalconcretebuildings.41.HowdoestheconceptofStadium974fromotherprojectsmentionedinthepassage?A.Itisdesignedasanartisticlandmarkinapublicspace.B.Itistheonlyprojectdesignedtobetemporaryandrelocated.C.Itisacreativeapproachtoprovidingshort-termlivingspaces.D.Itservesasamultifunctionalplaceforperformances.42.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.HowtodealwithaglobalcontainershortageB.HowtoplanasustainablelifeincontainersC.HowtobuildcreativecontainerhomesD.Howtogivecontainersasecondlife(C)LessisMoreisabookwithanambitioussubtitle:HowDegrowthWillSavetheWorld.That’sabigclaim,butthisisbyJasonHickel,oneoftheleadingadvocatesofpostgrowththinking.Hehasa

betterchancethanmostatbackingthatup.Degrowthisoftenusedasacontroversialword,buthereitisusedinamoreencouragingway.Hickellooksbacktotracetheoriginsof‘growthism’,diggingbackthroughclimatechangetofossilfuels化石燃料toeconomicgrowthandtocapitalism.Capitalism“hasakindoftotalitarianlogictoit:everyindustry,everynationaleconomymustgrow,allthetime,withnoidentifiableend-point.”Acentralprincipleofcapitalismistotakemorethanyougive.Historically,thatprocesshasdrivenkingdomsandcolonialism殖民主义andtodayitdrivesclimatechangeandecologicalbreakdown.countriestakefromtheglobalatmosphereinyetanotherformofcolonialism.Oneofthemostdamagingthingsaboutcapitalismisthatitis“fundamentallyillfromanyconceptofhumanneed.”Itpilesitsrewardsontothewealthiestfirst.Themoreseverethepoverty,themoreinvisibleitistocapital,andittakesnoaccountofwhatitdestroysintheprocessofturningthingsintomoney.Instead,weshouldfindwaystoprioritisewhatmattersmost.More,inalreadywealthycountries,isnotsomethingthatmatters.Hickelcalculatesthatwithbetterdistributionandinvestmentinpublicgoods,theUSeconomycouldbe65%smallerwithnolossinwellbeing.Goodlivesaregroundedincommunity,meaningfulwork,insocietiesthatcooperateratherthancompete.Peopleandplanetarebeingpushedtobreakingpointtonogoodend,saysHickel.Asthebookmovesintoitssolutions,aseriesofantidotes(解药)togrowtharerevealed.Justiceisoneofthem.Abundance(富足)isanother—growthactuallyreliesonpeoplebeingunsatisfied.Thesesortsofideashintatmuchmoreinterestingpossibilitiesforapost-capitalistfuture.“For500years,”Hickelwrites,“capitalistgrowthhasbeenaprocessofenclosureanddispossession.Degrowthrepresentsareversalofthisprocess.Itrepresentsrelease.Itrepresentsanopportunityforrecoveryandrepair.”Thisisanelegantevolutionofdegrowthideas,expandingwhatthetermcanmean.Degrowthbeginsasaprocessoftakingless.Butintheenditopensupawholelandscapeofpossibility,movingusfrompovertytoabundance,fromdominanceto,andfromlonelinessandseparationtoconnectionwithaworldthat’sfulloflife.Hardtoarguewiththat.Perhapsdegrowthwillsavetheworld.43.AccordingtoHickel,itis_____thatcausesecologicalbreakdown.A.capitalism’sunceasingdriveforgrowthB.alackoftechnologicaladvancementC.insufficientgovernmentalregulationD.overinvestmentinpublicgoods44.”A46.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoes“”referto?A.Intensifyingcapitalistgrowthinaneco-friendlyway.B.Theprioritisingofindividualgrowthovercommunitywelfare.C.Boostingeconomicdevelopmentinordertoreachastateofabundance.D.Thereductionofeconomicgrowthtofocusonsustainabilityandwell-being.CCompletethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Otherkindsofstudieshavegivenhigherestimatesfortheenvironmentalcontributiontoyearsofschooling.B.Scientistssometimesinvestigatethequestionbycomparingdifferentkindsoftwins.C.Then,Morrisanalyzedthesamedatausingamethodthatalsoincludedtheparents’yearsofeducation.D.Thesestudiesusuallyoverlooktwofactors,however,leadingtofalselyhighestimatesofenvironmentaleffects.E.Thisistheconclusionofastudyontwins,whichsuggeststhatmostprevioussuchresearchhasoverestimatedtheeffectsofupbringingF.Twinsaremorelikelytohavegrownupinthesamefinancialcircumstances,gonetothesameschoolandsoon.Ithaslongbeendebatedwhethervariousaspectsofourpersonalitiesandabilitiesareinfluencedmorebyourgenesorourearlyenvironment.47Theextenttowhichidenticaltwinsaremoresimilarinanyparticularcharacterthannon-identicaltwinsrevealshowmuchvariationinthatcharacterisdowntogenetics.Therestisusuallyassumedtobeduetotheenvironment.Studiesshowthatmanytraitsarenotinfluencedmuchbytheenvironment.However,educationalattainment—howmanyyearssomeonespendsinschool—isoftenfoundtobeabout35%influencedbytheenvironment.48DamienMorrisatKing’sCollegeLondonbelievesthebiggestoverlookedfactoristhatpeopletendtohavechildrenwithsomeonewithasimilarlevelofeducationasthemselves,anideaknownasassortativemating.

MorrisstudiedwhetherpeoplewithsimilareducationlevelstendtomarrybyusingarecentGermantwinstudy.Thisstudycollecteddatanotonlyonthetwinsbutalsoontheirparentsandsiblings兄弟姐妹)fromnearly1,000families.Afteranalyzingthisdatausingthetraditionaltwinstudydesign,environmentaldifferencesbetweenfamilieswereestimatedtoaccountfor43percentofthevariationinyearsofschooling.49Sureenough,therewasmoresimilaritybetweentheeducationalyearsofeachparentalpairthanwouldbeexpectedbychance.thisintoaccount,theenvironmentalcontributionwasestimatedtobejust26percent.Morrisalsoanalyzedtheimpactofasecondfactorusuallyoverlookedintwinstudies.Thisisthefactthattheearlyenvironmentsoftwinsaremoresimilarthanthoseofnon-twinsiblings.50Whenthiswastakenintoaccountaswell,theestimatedenvironmentalinfluencefellto10percent.“Thisisaveryinterestingfinding,”saysJeremyFreeseatStanfordUniversity.“Itisunimaginabletometothinkthateverythingthatgoesonwithparentsisonlyabitplayerinthestory.”．:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.51.Inthepast,youngpeopledidn’tdiscusstheirmentalhealth.Butnowadays,itfeelslikethereisamentalhealthawarenesscampaignalmosteveryweek.However,thissocietalpushtotalkaboutmentalhealthmightnotbehelpingeveryone.Infact,itcouldbemakingthingsworse.Thesecampaignsencouragepeopletointerpretessentiallyallnegativethoughtsandfeelingsassymptomsofadisorderoraproblem,consequentlymakingthemfeelunnecessarilyweakandleadingthemtoviewthemselvesashavingadisorderwhentheydon’t.Thiskindofover-pathologizingmayleadtofurtherproblemsinschools.Anincreasingnumberofyoungpeoplearesayingthattheydon’twanttodosomethingbylabelingthemselvesashavinganxiety.Sometimes,themostappropriateresponseistomakeadjustmentsforthatperson.Forexample,theyshouldn’tbeaskedquestionsinclass,ortheyshouldn’thavetositexamsinabighall.Butthisgenuine,usefulprinciplehasbeenblownoutofproportion.Insomecases,studentsinschoolsareautomaticallybeinggivenexcessivefreedomorprivilegeswithnointentiontoeverreviewthem.Thetroubleisthattheworstthingyoucandointermsofmanaginganxietyinthelongrunistoallowpeopletoavoidthethingsthatscarethem.Actually,themostusefultherapeuticapproachistosupportthem,stepbystep,infacingtheirfears.If,withsupport,theygraduallydothethingsthatmakethemanxious,theylearntwothings:first,thatitisn’tasbadastheythoughtitwouldbe,andsecond,thatevenifitisbad,theycancope.Sothereneedstobeabetterunderstandingofwhoreallyneedsone-to-onesupportandwhocanbesupportedsimplybyteachersbeinghelpful,ratherthanapplyingaone-size-fits-allapproachtoadjustments.

thefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.52.请问地球绕太阳公转如何影响昼夜长短的变化？(orbit)53.民俗庆典呈现出传统习俗与新技术交相辉映的发展趋势。(tendency)54.值得一提的是，职业咨询区人流如织，已成为本次活动最热火朝天的区域之一。(It)55.体验。(surround)anEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.56.家庭。你非常希望加入，但发现招募海报提供的信息比较有限。因此，你决定致信校学生会，内容包括：1.说明希望成为寄宿家庭的原因；2.提出想要进一步了解的信息，并表达对该活动的期待