2022年英语专业八级考试题库大全及答案

2022年英语专业八级考试题库大全及答案听力理解（ListeningComprehension）讲座（Lecture）1.Accordingtothelecture,whichofthefollowingistheprimaryfactorinfluencingthedevelopmentoflanguageinearlychildhood?A.GeneticfactorsB.EnvironmentalfactorsC.SocialinteractionD.CognitiveabilityAnswer:C.Socialinteractionplaysacrucialroleinthedevelopmentoflanguageinearlychildhood.Throughsocialinteraction,childrenareexposedtolanguageinput,learncommunicationrules,andpracticeusinglanguagetoexpresstheirneedsandthoughts.Whilegeneticfactors,environmentalfactors,andcognitiveabilityalsohaveanimpact,socialinteractionistheprimarydrivingforce.2.Intheprocessoflanguageacquisition,whatisthesignificanceofthe"criticalperiod"?A.Itisthetimewhenchildrencanlearnlanguagemostefficiently.B.Itistheperiodwhenchildrenaremostresistanttolanguagelearning.C.Ithasnoreal-impactonlanguageacquisition.D.Itonlyaffectstheacquisitionofsecondlanguages.Answer:A.Thecriticalperiodisthetimewhenchildrencanlearnlanguagemostefficiently.Duringthisperiod,thebrainishighlyplasticandmorereceptivetolanguageinput.Afterthecriticalperiod,languageacquisitionbecomesmoredifficult.Itaffectsbothfirst-languageandsecond-languageacquisition.会话（Conversation）3.W:I'mthinkingabouttakingagapyearbeforegoingtouniversity.Whatdoyouthink?M:Well,itcanbeagreatopportunity.Youcangainsomereal-worldexperience,learnnewskills,andfigureoutwhatyoureallywanttostudy.Butyoualsoneedtomakesureyouhaveawell-planneditinerary.Whatistheman'sattitudetowardsthewoman'splanoftakingagapyear?A.Heiscompletelyagainstit.B.Heisinfavorofitbutwithsomeconcerns.C.Hehasnoopiniononit.D.Hethinksitisawasteoftime.Answer:B.Themanfirstpointsoutthepositiveaspectsoftakingagapyear,suchasgainingreal-worldexperience,learningnewskills,andclarifyingstudyinterests.Thenhementionsthatthewomanneedstohaveawell-planneditinerary,whichshowshehassomeconcerns.Soheisinfavorofitbutwithsomeconcerns.4.M:Iheardthenewartexhibitionatthemuseumisreallyworthvisiting.W:Iknow.Butit'salwayssocrowdedthere.Maybeweshouldgoonaweekdayinsteadoftheweekend.Whataretheymainlytalkingabout?A.Thepopularityoftheartexhibition.B.Thebesttimetovisittheartexhibition.C.Thelocationoftheartexhibition.D.Thequalityoftheartworksintheexhibition.Answer:B.Themanmentionstheartexhibitionisworthvisiting,andthewomanthenpointsouttheproblemofcrowdsontheweekendandsuggestsgoingonaweekday.Sotheyaremainlytalkingaboutthebesttimetovisittheartexhibition.阅读理解（ReadingComprehension）选择题（Multiple-choiceQuestions）Passage1:Inthedigitalage,theconceptofprivacyhasundergoneasignificanttransformation.Withthewidespreaduseofsocialmedia,onlineshopping,anddigitalcommunicationtools,ourpersonalinformationisconstantlybeingcollected,shared,andanalyzed.Companiesusethisdatatotargetadvertising,improvetheirproducts,andgainacompetitiveedge.However,thishasraisedconcernsabouttheprotectionofindividualprivacy.5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thedigitalagehasbroughtaboutmoreconvenienceinourlives.B.Theconceptofprivacyhaschangedinthedigitalage.C.Companiesaremisusingpersonaldata.D.Peopleshouldstopusingdigitaltoolstoprotectprivacy.Answer:B.Thepassageclearlystatesthat“Inthedigitalage,theconceptofprivacyhasundergoneasignificanttransformation.”Therestofthepassageelaboratesonhowpersonalinformationisusedinthedigitalageandtherelatedprivacyconcerns,sothemainideaisaboutthechangeoftheprivacyconceptinthedigitalage.6.Accordingtothepassage,whydocompaniescollectpersonaldata?A.Toinvadepeople'sprivacy.B.Toprovidefreeservices.C.Totargetadvertisingandgainacompetitiveedge.D.Tohelpthegovernmentwithdataanalysis.Answer:C.Thepassagementions“Companiesusethisdatatotargetadvertising,improvetheirproducts,andgainacompetitiveedge.”Socompaniescollectpersonaldatafortargetingadvertisingandgainingacompetitiveedge.Passage2:Theeducationsysteminmanycountriesisfacingchallengesinpreparingstudentsforthe21st-centuryworkforce.Traditionalteachingmethodsoftenfocusonrotememorizationandstandardizedtesting,whichmaynotadequatelydevelopstudents'criticalthinking,creativity,andproblem-solvingskills.Thereisaneedforamoreinnovativeandstudent-centeredapproachtoeducation.7.Whatistheproblemwiththetraditionaleducationsystem?A.Itistooexpensive.B.Itdoesnotfocusonstudents'basicknowledge.C.Itfailstodevelopstudents'essentialskillsforthe21st-centuryworkforce.D.Itistoodifficultforstudentstofollow.Answer:C.Thepassagestatesthat“Traditionalteachingmethodsoftenfocusonrotememorizationandstandardizedtesting,whichmaynotadequatelydevelopstudents'criticalthinking,creativity,andproblem-solvingskills.”Theseskillsareessentialforthe21st-centuryworkforce,sothetraditionaleducationsystemfailstodeveloptheseskills.8.Whatkindofeducationapproachisneeded?A.Amoreteacher-centeredapproach.B.Amoreinnovativeandstudent-centeredapproach.C.Anapproachthatemphasizesmorestandardizedtesting.D.Anapproachthatfocusesonlyontheoreticalknowledge.Answer:B.Thepassageconcludesthat“Thereisaneedforamoreinnovativeandstudent-centeredapproachtoeducation.”简答题（Short-answerQuestions）Passage3:Theculturalheritageofanationisnotonlyacollectionofhistoricalartifactsandbuildingsbutalsothetraditions,values,andstoriespasseddownthroughgenerations.Preservingculturalheritageiscrucialasithelpstomaintainasenseofidentity,providesaconnectiontothepast,andenrichestheculturaldiversityoftheworld.However,inthefaceofrapidurbanizationandglobalization,manyculturalheritagesareatriskofbeinglost.9.Whatdoestheculturalheritageofanationinclude?Answer:Theculturalheritageofanationincludeshistoricalartifactsandbuildings,aswellastraditions,values,andstoriespasseddownthroughgenerations.10.Whyisitimportanttopreserveculturalheritage?Answer:Itisimportanttopreserveculturalheritagebecauseithelpstomaintainasenseofidentity,providesaconnectiontothepast,andenrichestheculturaldiversityoftheworld.语言知识（LanguageKnowledge）词汇（Vocabulary）11.Thenewpolicyisexpectedtohavea________impactontheeconomy,promotinggrowthandstability.A.detrimentalB.positiveC.negativeD.neutralAnswer:B.Thecontextmentions“promotinggrowthandstability,”whichindicatesapositiveeffect.“Detrimental”meansharmful;“negative”istheoppositeofwhatisdescribed;“neutral”impliesnosignificantimpact.Sothecorrectansweris“positive.”12.Theprofessor'slecturewasso________thatmostofthestudentsfellasleep.A.engagingB.boringC.interestingD.stimulatingAnswer:B.Sincemoststudentsfellasleep,itmeansthelecturewasnotattractive.“Engaging,”“interesting,”and“stimulating”allsuggestthelectureisappealing,while“boring”meansuninteresting,so“boring”isthecorrectanswer.语法（Grammar）13.________hehadenoughmoney,hewouldn'thaveboughtthatexpensivecar.A.IfB.UnlessC.AslongasD.EvenifAnswer:B.“Unless”means“if...not.”Thesentencemeans“Ifhehadnothadenoughmoney,hewouldn'thaveboughtthatexpensivecar.”“If”wouldnotconveythecorrectnegativemeaninginthiscontext;“Aslongas”impliesaconditionforsomethingtohappen;“Evenif”isusedtointroduceaconcession.14.Thebook,________iswritteninasimplelanguage,issuitableforbeginners.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whoAnswer:A.Thisisanon-restrictiverelativeclause.“Which”isusedtointroducenon-restrictiverelativeclausesreferringtothings.“That”isnotusedinnon-restrictiverelativeclauses;“what”cannotbeusedtointroducerelativeclauses;“who”isusedforpeople.翻译（Translation）汉译英（Chinese-to-EnglishTranslation）15.随着科技的飞速发展，人们的生活发生了巨大的变化。Answer:Withtherapiddevelopmentoftechnology,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinpeople'slives.16.教育是一个国家发展的基石，应该受到足够的重视。Answer:Educationisthecornerstoneofacountry'sdevelopmentandshouldbegivensufficientattention.英译汉（English-to-ChineseTranslation）17.Thebeautyofnaturecanalwayssootheoursoulsandrelieveourstress.Answer:大自然的美景总能抚慰我们的心灵，缓解我们的压力。18.Inmodernsociety,effectivecommunicationskillsareessentialforbothpersonalandprofessionalsuccess.Answer:在现代社会，有效的沟通技巧对于个人和职业的成功都是必不可少的。写作（Writing）命题作文（Topic-basedWriting）19.Topic:TheImportanceofReadingClassicLiteratureInmodernsociety,withthepopularityofdigitalmediaandfast-pacedentertainment,classicliteratureseemstobegraduallyforgotten.However,classicliteratureplaysavitalroleinourlives.Itenrichesourknowledge,broadensourhorizons,andcultivatesourmoralvalues.Classicliteratureisatreasuretroveofhumanwisdom,containingprofoundinsightsintohumannature,society,andhistory.Byreadingclassicliterature,wecanlearnfromtheexperiencesandlessonsofthepast,andbetterunderstandthepresent.Moreover,itcanimproveourlanguageskillsandaestheticappreciation.Therefore,weshouldattachgreatimportancetoreadingclassicliteratureandpassonthispreciousculturalheritage.材料作文（Material-basedWriting）20.Material:Inrecentyears,moreandmorepeoplearechoosingtoworkremotely.Somebelievethatitoffersmoreflexibilityandwork-lifebalance,whileothersthinkitmayleadtoalackofface-to-facecommunicationandasenseofisolation.Writeanessaydiscussingtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofremotework.Remoteworkhasbecomeapopulartrendinrecentyears.Ontheonehand,ithasseveraladvantages.Firstly,itprovidesgreaterflexibility.Workerscansettheirownschedulesandworkfromanywherewithaninternetconnection,whichisespeciallybeneficialforthosewithfamilyresponsibilitiesorwhopreferanon-traditionalworkenvironment.Secondly,itcansavetimeandmoneyoncommuting.Workerscanusethissavedtimeformoreproductiveworkorpersonalactivities.Ontheotherhand,remoteworkalsohasitsdisadvantages.Oneofthemainproblemsisthelackofface-to-facecommunication.Withoutin-personinteraction,itmaybedifficulttobuildstrongrelationshipswithcolleagues,andmisunderstandingsmayoccurmoreeasily.Additionally,remoteworkersmayfeelisolated,whichcanhaveanegativeimpactontheirmentalhealth.Inconclusion,whileremoteworkofferscertainbenefitsintermsofflexibilityandcost-savings,italsobringschallengesrelatedtocommunicationandsocialisolation.Employersandemployeesneedtofindabalancetomakethemostofremotework.听力理解（继续）讲座（继续）21.Inthelectureonenvironmentalprotection,whatisthemosteffectivewaytoreduceplasticwasteaccordingtothespeaker?A.RecyclingplasticproductsB.UsingreusablebagsandcontainersC.BanningallplasticproductsD.ReducingtheproductionofplasticAnswer:B.Thespeakeremphasizesthatusingreusablebagsandcontainersisthemosteffectivewaytoreduceplasticwasteindailylife.Recyclinghasitslimitations,banningallplasticproductsisnotcurrentlyfeasible,andreducingproductionisalong-termgoal.Usingreusableitemscandirectlycutdownontheamountofsingle-useplastic.22.Accordingtothelectureonculturalanthropology,whatisthekeycharacteristicofaculturalgroup?A.SharedlanguageB.SharedvaluesandbeliefsC.SharedgeographicallocationD.SharedphysicalappearanceAnswer:B.Sharedvaluesandbeliefsarethekeycharacteristicofaculturalgroup.Whilesharedlanguage,geographicallocation,andphysicalappearancecanbeassociatedwithaculturalgroup,valuesandbeliefsdefinethecoreofaculture,influencingpeople'sbehaviors,attitudes,andsocialnorms.会话（继续）23.W:I'msostressedaboutthisupcomingexam.Idon'tthinkI'vepreparedwellenough.M:Don'tworry.Youcanreviewthekeypointsonemoretime.Andremembertogetenoughsleepthenightbeforetheexam.Whatistheman'sadvicetothewoman?A.TogiveuptheexamB.ToreviewkeypointsandgetenoughsleepC.ToasktheteacherforhelpD.TostudyallnightbeforetheexamAnswer:B.Themantellsthewomantoreviewthekeypointsonemoretimeandtogetenoughsleepthenightbeforetheexam.Hedoesnotsuggestgivinguptheexam,askingtheteacherforhelp,orstudyingallnight.24.M:I'mplanningtostartasmallbusiness.Doyouhaveanysuggestions?W:Well,youneedtodomarketresearchfirsttounderstandyourtargetcustomers.Also,makeadetailedbusinessplan.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.ToborrowmoneyfromthebankB.TohireaprofessionalmanagerC.TodomarketresearchandmakeabusinessplanD.ToopenastoreinabusyareaAnswer:C.Thewomanadvisesthemantodomarketresearchtounderstandthetargetcustomersandtomakeadetailedbusinessplan.Thereisnomentionofborrowingmoneyfromthebank,hiringaprofessionalmanager,oropeningastoreinabusyarea.阅读理解（继续）选择题（继续）Passage4:Thedevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)hasbroughtbothopportunitiesandchallenges.Ononehand,AIcanautomaterepetitivetasks,improveefficiency,andprovidenewsolutionstocomplexproblems.Ontheotherhand,itmayleadtojobdisplacement,ethicalissues,andpotentialsecurityrisks.25.WhatarethetwoaspectsofthedevelopmentofAImentionedinthepassage?A.TechnologicalprogressandeconomicgrowthB.OpportunitiesandchallengesC.SocialacceptanceandresistanceD.InnovationandtraditionAnswer:B.Thepassageclearlystatesthat“Thedevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)hasbroughtbothopportunitiesandchallenges.”Itthenelaboratesonthepositiveandnegativeaspectsrespectively.26.WhichofthefollowingisapotentialnegativeconsequenceofAIdevelopment?A.AutomatingrepetitivetasksB.ImprovingefficiencyC.JobdisplacementD.SolvingcomplexproblemsAnswer:C.“Jobdisplacement”isanegativeconsequenceasitmaycauseunemployment.“Automatingrepetitivetasks,”“improvingefficiency,”and“solvingcomplexproblems”areallpositiveaspectsofAIdevelopment.Passage5:Inthefieldofliterature,therelationshipbetweenformandcontentisacomplexone.Theformofaliterarywork,suchasitsstructure,languagestyle,andgenre,cangreatlyinfluencehowthecontentispresentedandinterpreted.Atthesametime,thecontentalsoshapestheformtosomeextent.27.Whatisthemainpointofthepassage?A.Theformofaliteraryworkismoreimportantthanthecontent.B.Thecontentofaliteraryworkismoreimportantthantheform.C.Thereisacomplexrelationshipbetweentheformandcontentofaliterarywork.D.Theformandcontentofaliteraryworkareindependentofeachother.Answer:C.Thepassageemphasizesthat“therelationshipbetweenformandcontentisacomplexone”andthenexplainshowtheyinteractwitheachother.Itdoesnotsuggestthatoneismoreimportantthantheother,northattheyareindependent.28.Howdoestheformofaliteraryworkaffectthecontent?A.Ithasnoimpactonthecontent.B.Itdeterminesthecontentcompletely.C.Itinfluenceshowthecontentispresentedandinterpreted.D.Itchangesthecontentrandomly.Answer:C.Thepassagestatesthat“Theformofaliterarywork...cangreatlyinfluencehowthecontentispresentedandinterpreted.”简答题（继续）Passage6:Thetourismindustryhasbecomeanimportantpartoftheglobaleconomy.Itnotonlybringseconomicbenefitsbutalsopromotesculturalexchange.However,masstourismcanalsocauseenvironmentalproblemsanddamagetoculturalheritagesites.29.Whatarethepositiveeffectsofthetourismindustry?Answer:Thetourismindustrybringseconomicbenefitsandpromotesculturalexchange.30.Whatarethenegativeeffectsofmasstourism?Answer:Masstourismcancauseenvironmentalproblemsanddamagetoculturalheritagesites.语言知识（继续）词汇（继续）31.Thescientistmadeasignificant________inthefieldofmedicine,whichcouldsavemanylives.A.discoveryB.inventionC.creationD.innovationAnswer:A.“Discovery”referstofindingsomethingthatalreadyexists,suchasanewfactorphenomenon.Inthecontextofmedicine,makingasignificantdiscoverycanleadtobettertreatmentandsavelives.“Invention”isaboutcreatingsomethingnew;“creation”isamoregeneraltermformakingsomething;“innovation”focusesonintroducingnewmethodsorideas.32.Thecompanyistryingto________itsmarketsharebylaunchingnewproductsandimprovingcustomerservice.A.expandB.reduceC.maintainD.limitAnswer:A.Thecompanyaimstoincreaseitsmarketshare.“Expand”meanstomakesomethinglargerormoreextensive,whichisinlinewiththecompany'sgoal.“Reduce,”“maintain,”and“limit”donotexpresstheideaofgrowth.语法（继续）33.________isknowntoall,theearthrevolvesaroundthesun.A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.WhatAnswer:C.“As”isusedtointroduceanon-restrictiverelativeclausethatiswell-knowntoeveryone.“That”cannotbeusedinthisnon-restrictivestructure;“Which”isusedinnon-restrictiveclausesbutusuallydoesnothavethesamegeneral-knowledgeconnotationas“As”;“What”isusedinnounclauses.34.Hesuggestedthatwe________ameetingtodiscusstheproblem.A.hadB.haveC.wouldhaveD.willhaveAnswer:B.When“suggest”means“propose”or“recommend,”thethat-clauseafteritshouldusethesubjunctivemood,whichis“(should)+verb原形.”Sothecorrectformis“have.”翻译（继续）汉译英（继续）35.政府应该采取措施来应对环境污染问题。Answer:Thegovernmentshouldtakemeasurestodealwiththeenvironmentalpollutionproblem.36.团队合作对于项目的成功至关重要。Answer:Teamworkiscrucialforthesuccessoftheproject.英译汉（继续）37.Theadvancementofscienceandtechnologyhasmadeourlivesmoreconvenientandcomfortable.Answer:科技的进步使我们的生活更加便捷和舒适。38.Learningaforeignlanguagenotonlybroadensourhorizonsbutalsoenhancesourculturalunderstanding.Answer:学习一门外语不仅拓宽了我们的视野，还增进了我们对不同文化的理解。写作（继续）命题作文（继续）39.Topic:TheSignificanceofPhysicalExercisePhysicalexerciseisofgreatsignificanceinourlives.Firstly,itisbeneficialtoourphysicalhealth.Regularexercisecanstrengthenourmuscles,improveourcardiovascularfunction,andenhanceourimmunesystem.Ithelpsusmaintainahealthyweightandreducestheriskofvariousdiseases,suchasheartdisease,diabetes,andobesity.Secondly,physicalexercisehasapositiveimpactonourmentalhealth.Itcanrelievestress,anxiety,anddepression.Whenweexercise,ourbodiesreleaseendorphins,whichareknownas“happyhormones,”makingusfeelmorerelaxedandpositive.Inaddition,physicalexercisecanalsopromotesocialinteraction.Participatinginsportsteamsorfitnessclassesallowsustomeetnewpeople,makefriends,anddevelopasenseofcommunity.Inconclusion,physicalexerciseisessentialforbothourphysicalandmentalwell-being,aswellasforoursociallives.Weshouldmakeitaregularpartofourdailyroutine.材料作文（继续）40.Material:Withthegrowthoftheinternet,onlineshoppinghasbecomeextremelypopular.Somepeoplelikeitbecauseofitsconvenienceandawiderangeofchoices.Othersareconcernedaboutthequalityofproductsandonlinesecurity.Writeanessaydiscussingtheprosandconsofonlineshopping.Onlineshoppinghasbecomeaprevalenttrendinthedigitalage.Ithasseveraladvantages.Oneofthemainbenefitsisconvenience.Consumerscanshopatanytimeandfromanywhere,withouthavingtogotophysicalstores.Theycanalsocomparepricesandproductseasily,andaccessamuchwiderrangeofgoodsthaninlocalshops.However,onlineshoppingalsohasitsdrawbacks.Thequalityofproductscanbeamajorconcern.Sinceconsumerscannotphysicallyexaminetheproductsbeforepurchasing,thereisariskofreceivinglow-qualityorcounterfeititems.Anotherissueisonlinesecurity.Thereisapossibilityofpersonalandfinancialinformationbeingleaked,whichcanleadtoidentitytheftandfinanciallosses.Inconclusion,whileonlineshoppingoffersconvenienceandalargeselectionofproducts,italsohasproblemsrelatedtoproductqualityandonlinesecurity.Consumersneedtobecautiouswhenshoppingonlineandtakeappropriatemeasurestoprotectthemselves.听力理解（最后部分）讲座（最后部分）41.Inthelectureonarthistory,whatisthemaincharacteristicoftheRenaissanceart?A.EmphasisonreligiousthemesonlyB.RealisticrepresentationofhumanfiguresandnatureC.UseofabstractformsD.LackofcoloranddetailAnswer:B.Renaissanceartisknownforitsrealisticrepresentationofhumanfiguresandnature.ItmovedawayfromthemorestylizedandsymbolicartoftheMiddleAges.Whilereligiousthemeswerestillpresent,theywerenottheonlyfocus.Abstractformsaremoreassociatedwithmodernart,andRenaissanceartwasrichincoloranddetail.42.Accordingtothelectureoneconomicdevelopment,whatistheroleofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises(SMEs)intheeconomy?A.TheyonlycreateasmallnumberofjobsB.TheyarenotimportantforeconomicgrowthC.TheyaremajorcontributorstoemploymentandinnovationD.TheymainlyrelyongovernmentsubsidiesAnswer:C.SMEsaremajorcontributorstoemploymentandinnovationintheeconomy.Theycreatealargenumberofjobsandareoftenmoreflexibleandinnovativecomparedtolargeenterprises.Theydonotonlycreateasmallnumberofjobs,theyareveryimportantforeconomicgrowth,andwhilesomemayreceivegovernmentsupport,theydonotmainlyrelyonsubsidies.会话（最后部分）43.W:I'minterestedinlearningamusicalinstrument.Whichonedoyouthinkiseasiertostartwith?M:Ithinktheguitarisagoodchoice.It'srelativelyeasytolearnthebasicchords,andtherearemanyonlineresourcesavailable.Whatinstrumentdoesthemanrecommendthewomantolearn?A.ThepianoB.TheviolinC.TheguitarD.ThefluteAnswer:C.Themanspecificallyrecommendstheguitar,statingthatitisrelativelyeasytolearnbasicchordsandtherearemanyonlineresources.44.M:I'mgoingonabusinesstripnextweek.Doyouhaveanypackingtips?W:Youshouldmakealistfirst.Packlightbutdon'tforgetessentialitemslikechargersandimportantdocuments.Also,checktheweatheratyourdestination.Whatisoneofthewoman'spackingtips?A.PackasmanyclothesaspossibleB.ForgetaboutchargersC.MakealistD.Don'tchecktheweatherAnswer:C.Thewoman'sfirsttipistomakealist.Shealsoadvisespackinglight,notforgettingessentialitems,andcheckingtheweatheratthedestination.阅读理解（最后部分）选择题（最后部分）Passage7:Theagingpopulationisbecomingaglobalissue.Inmanydevelopedcountries,theproportionoftheelderlyisincreasingrapidly.Thisposeschallengessuchasincreasedpressureonthesocialsecuritysystem,ashortageofhealthcareresources,andapotentialslowdownineconomicgrowth.45.Whatisthemainproblemcausedbytheagingpopulationaccordingtothepassage?A.AdecreaseinthedemandforconsumergoodsB.ChallengestothesocialsecuritysystemandhealthcareresourcesC.Anincreasei