2021二级专业翻译资格考试笔试题目

2021二级专业翻译资格考试笔试题目笔译综合能力词汇和语法1.Thenewpolicyhasbroughtabouta__changeintheeconomicsituation.A.significantB.insignificantC.significanceD.significantly2.Sheis__ofsolvingcomplexproblemsindependently.A.ableB.capableC.competenceD.competency3.Theprofessor__aseriesoflecturesonmodernliteraturelastsemester.A.deliveredB.carriedC.performedD.made4.Thecompanyisplanningto__itsbusinessoverseas.A.expandB.extendC.expendD.expose5.__hisgreatefforts,hefailedtopasstheexam.A.DespiteB.AlthoughC.InspiteD.Even6.Theoldbuilding__downnextmonth.A.willbepulledB.willpullC.ispullingD.hasbeenpulled7.Thereportshowsthatthenumberoftourists__increasingyearbyyear.A.isB.areC.hasD.have8.__youworkhard,youwillsucceed.A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.AswellasD.Assoonas9.Thebook,__isverypopular,waswrittenbyayoungauthor.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what10.Hesuggestedthatwe__themeetinguntilnextweek.A.postponeB.postponedC.wouldpostponeD.willpostpone阅读理解阅读以下短文，回答11-15题。Thedigitalrevolutionhastransformedthewaywelive,work,andcommunicate.Inthepastfewdecades,technologyhasadvancedatanunprecedentedpace,bringingbothopportunitiesandchallenges.Oneofthemostsignificantchangesistheriseoftheinternet,whichhasconnectedpeoplefromallovertheworld.Theinternethasmadeiteasierforindividualsandbusinessestoaccessinformation,conducttransactions,andcollaborate.Onlineshoppinghasbecomeapopularwaytopurchasegoodsandservices,whilesocialmediaplatformshaveallowedpeopletostayconnectedwithfriendsandfamily.However,thedigitalagealsoposessomerisks.Cyber-attacks,privacyviolations,andthespreadoffalseinformationarejustafewoftheproblemsthatweface.Anotheraspectofthedigitalrevolutionistheautomationofjobs.Withthedevelopmentofartificialintelligenceandrobotics,manyroutinetasksarenowbeingperformedbymachines.Whilethiscanincreaseproductivityandefficiency,italsomeansthatsomeworkersmaylosetheirjobs.Governmentsandbusinessesneedtofindwaystoretrainworkersandcreatenewjobopportunitiesinthedigitaleconomy.11.Whathasthedigitalrevolutionchanged?A.Onlythewaywelive.B.Onlythewaywework.C.Thewaywelive,work,andcommunicate.D.Thewaywestudy.12.Whatisoneofthemostsignificantchangesbroughtbythedigitalrevolution?A.Thedevelopmentofartificialintelligence.B.Theriseoftheinternet.C.Theincreaseinonlineshopping.D.Thespreadofsocialmedia.13.Whataretherisksinthedigitalage?A.Cyber-attacks,privacyviolations,andthespreadoffalseinformation.B.Thelossoftraditionaljobs.C.Thedecreaseinproductivity.D.Thelackofinformationaccess.14.Whatistheimpactofjobautomation?A.Italwaysleadstoadecreaseinproductivity.B.Itonlybenefitslargebusinesses.C.Itmaycausesomeworkerstolosetheirjobs.D.Ithasnoeffectonthelabormarket.15.Whatshouldgovernmentsandbusinessesdointhefaceofjobautomation?A.Donothingandletthemarketadjust.B.Stopthedevelopmentofautomation.C.Retrainworkersandcreatenewjobopportunities.D.Increasetheworkinghoursofexistingworkers.阅读以下短文，回答16-20题。Climatechangeisoneofthemostpressingissuesofourtime.TheEarth'sclimateischangingatanalarmingrate,mainlyduetohumanactivitiessuchastheburningoffossilfuelsanddeforestation.Theconsequencesofclimatechangearefar-reachingandincluderisingsealevels,morefrequentandsevereextremeweatherevents,andthelossofbiodiversity.Toaddressclimatechange,countriesaroundtheworldhavecometogethertodevelopstrategiesandagreements.TheParisAgreement,signedin2015,aimstolimitglobalwarmingtowellbelow2degreesCelsiusabovepre-industriallevelsandtopursueeffortstolimititto1.5degreesCelsius.Thisrequirescountriestoreducetheirgreenhousegasemissionsandtransitiontoalow-carboneconomy.However,implementingthesemeasuresisnoteasy.Thereareeconomic,political,andsocialchallenges.Someindustriesmayresistthetransitiontoalow-carboneconomy,andtheremaybeconcernsabouttheimpactonjobsandeconomicgrowth.Nevertheless,thebenefitsoftakingactiononclimatechangefaroutweighthecostsinthelongrun.16.Whatisthemaincauseofclimatechange?A.Naturaldisasters.B.Humanactivitieslikeburningfossilfuelsanddeforestation.C.Solarradiation.D.Volcaniceruptions.17.Whataretheconsequencesofclimatechange?A.Onlyrisingsealevels.B.Risingsealevels,extremeweatherevents,andlossofbiodiversity.C.Decreaseintemperature.D.Morerainfall.18.WhatistheaimoftheParisAgreement?A.Toincreaseglobalwarming.B.Tolimitglobalwarmingtowellbelow2degreesCelsiusabovepre-industriallevelsandpursue1.5degreesCelsius.C.Tostopallgreenhousegasemissionsimmediately.D.Topromotetheuseoffossilfuels.19.Whyisitdifficulttoimplementmeasurestoaddressclimatechange?A.Therearenoeffectivestrategies.B.Thereareeconomic,political,andsocialchallenges.C.Peopledon'tbelieveinclimatechange.D.Itistooexpensive.20.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassageabouttakingactiononclimatechange?A.Thecostsalwaysoutweighthebenefits.B.Itisnotnecessary.C.Thebenefitsaregreaterthanthecostsinthelongrun.D.Itwillhavenoimpactontheeconomy.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inmodernsociety,timeismoney.Peoplearealways21fortime.Theywanttomakethemostofeveryminute.Thisisespeciallytrueinbigcities,22lifeisfast-paced.Manypeoplehavealotofthingstodoandverylittletimetodothem.Theyoftenhaveto23betweenwork,family,andsocialactivities.Forexample,abusinesspersonmayhaveto24ameetinginthemorning,pickuptheirchildrenfromschoolintheafternoon,andthenattendasocialeventintheevening.Tosavetime,peopleoftenusetechnology.Mobilephonesandtabletsallowthemtowork25,whileonlineshoppingandfooddeliveryservicessavethemtripstothestore.However,technologyalsohasits26.Sometimes,peoplegetso27intheirdigitaldevicesthattheyforgettointeractwiththerealworld.Inaddition,thepressuretosavetimecanleadtostress.Peoplemayfeel28becausetheycan'tdoeverythingtheywanttodo.Thiscanhaveanegativeimpactontheirhealthandwell-being.Inconclusion,whiletimeisvaluable,itisimportanttofinda29betweenworkandleisure.Peopleshouldnotsacrificetheirhealthandhappinessinthe30ofsavingtime.21.A.searchingB.lookingC.longingD.rushing22.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when23.A.chooseB.selectC.pickD.decide24.A.attendB.joinC.takepartinD.participatein25.A.anywhereB.somewhereC.everywhereD.nowhere26.A.advantagesB.disadvantagesC.benefitsD.uses27.A.involvedB.interestedC.absorbedD.engaged28.A.relaxedB.stressedC.happyD.excited29.A.balanceB.differenceC.distanceD.relationship30.A.wayB.processC.courseD.name笔译实务英译汉31.Therapiddevelopmentoftechnologyhasreshapedtheglobaleconomiclandscape.Newindustriessuchasartificialintelligence,bigdata,andtheInternetofThingsareemerging,bringingaboutprofoundchangestotraditionalbusinessmodels.Theseemergingtechnologiesnotonlyimproveproductionefficiencybutalsocreatenewbusinessopportunities.Forexample,e-commercehasrevolutionizedthewaypeopleshop,allowingconsumerstopurchasegoodsandserviceswithjustafewclicksontheirmobiledevices.32.Educationisthefoundationofanation'sdevelopment.Itplaysacrucialroleincultivatingtalent,promotingsocialprogress,andenhancingnationalcompetitiveness.Intoday'sknowledge-basedsociety,ahigh-qualityeducationsystemisessentialforindividualstoacquiretheskillsandknowledgeneededtosucceedinthe21stcentury.Moreover,educationcanalsohelptoreduceinequalityandpromotesocialjusticebyprovidingequalopportunitiesforpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.33.Environmentalprotectionisanurgentglobalissue.Thedeteriorationoftheenvironment,includingairpollution,waterpollution,anddeforestation,posesaseriousthreattohumanhealthandthesurvivalofmanyspecies.Toaddresstheseproblems,countriesaroundtheworldneedtoworktogethertoimplementeffectiveenvironmentalpoliciesandmeasures.Forinstance,promotingtheuseofrenewableenergysourcessuchassolarandwindpowercanhelptoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandmitigatetheeffectsofclimatechange.34.Culturalexchangeisanimportantwaytopromotemutualunderstandingandfriendshipamongdifferentcountriesandpeoples.Throughculturalexchange,peoplecanlearnaboutdifferentcultures,traditions,andvalues,whichcanbroadentheirhorizonsandenrichtheirlives.Forexample,internationalartexhibitions,musicfestivals,andfilmfestivalsprovideplatformsforartistsandaudiencesfromdifferentcountriestointeractandsharetheirculturalexperiences.35.Innovationisthedrivingforcebehindeconomicgrowthandsocialdevelopment.Inthemodernera,countriesthatencourageinnovationaremorelikelytoachievesustainabledevelopment.Innovationcanleadtothecreationofnewproducts,services,andbusinessmodels,whichcanincreaseproductivityandcompetitiveness.Forexample,technologicalinnovationintheautomotiveindustryhasledtothedevelopmentofelectricandself-drivingcars,whicharemoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandefficient.汉译英36.中国在脱贫攻坚方面取得了举世瞩目的成就。经过多年努力，数以亿计的贫困人口成功脱贫，这是人类减贫史上的伟大壮举。中国的脱贫经验为其他国家提供了宝贵的借鉴，彰显了中国作为负责任大国的担当。37.中医药是中华民族的瑰宝，具有悠久的历史和丰富的理论实践。近年来，中医药在全球范围内得到了越来越多的认可和应用。它不仅可以治疗疾病，还能起到预防和保健的作用，为人类健康事业做出了重要贡献。38.科技创新是推动社会进步的重要力量。中国政府高度重视科技创新，不断加大对科研的投入。在人工智能、5G通信等领域，中国取得了一系列重大突破，引领了全球科技发展的潮流。39.文化自信是一个国家、一个民族发展中更基本、更深沉、更持久的力量。传承和弘扬中华优秀传统文化，对于增强民族凝聚力和文化认同感具有重要意义。我们应该积极传播中华文化，让世界更好地了解中国。40.绿色发展是当今世界的潮流。中国坚持走绿色发展道路，积极推动生态文明建设。通过加强环境保护、推广清洁能源等措施，中国致力于实现经济发展与环境保护的良性互动，为全球生态环境改善做出贡献。段落翻译41.近年来，随着人们生活水平的提高，旅游已经成为一种重要的休闲方式。越来越多的人选择在假期出游，欣赏不同的风景，体验不同的文化。中国拥有丰富的旅游资源，从壮丽的自然风光到悠久的历史文化遗迹，吸引着国内外众多游客。例如，长城作为世界文化遗产，每年都吸引着大量游客前来参观。同时，中国的旅游业也在不断发展和创新，提供更加优质的服务和多样化的旅游产品，以满足游客的需求。TranslatetheaboveparagraphintoEnglish.42.Theglobalfoodsecuritysituationisbecomingincreasingly严峻.Withthegrowthoftheworldpopulationandtheimpactofclimatechange,thedemandforfoodisrisingwhilethesupplyisfacingchallenges.Extremeweathereventssuchasdroughtsandfloodscandamagecropsandreduceyields.Inaddition,issueslikelanddegradationandwaterscarcityalsoaffectagriculturalproduction.Toaddresstheseproblems,countriesneedtostrengtheninternationalcooperation,promotesustainableagriculture,andimprovefooddistributionsystems.TranslatetheaboveparagraphintoChinese.篇章翻译43.当今世界正经历百年未有之大变局，国际形势复杂多变。和平与发展仍然是时代主题，但不稳定不确定因素增多。在这样的背景下，各国之间的合作显得尤为重要。中国始终坚持走和平发展道路，积极推动构建人类命运共同体。通过加强与各国的交流与合作，中国为世界和平与发展做出了积极贡献。同时，中国也在不断提升自身的综合国力，以更好地应对各种挑战。TranslatetheabovepassageintoEnglish.44.The21stcenturyisaneraofglobalization.Inthisera,countriesaremoreinterconnectedthaneverbefore.Thedevelopmentoftechnologyandtransportationhasmadeiteasierforpeople,goods,andinformationtoflowacrossborders.However,globalizationalsobringssomechallenges.Forexample,economicglobalizationmayleadtoincomeinequalityandenvironmentalproblems.Tomakeglobalizationmoreinclusiveandsustainable,countriesneedtoworktogethertoaddresstheseissues.InternationalorganizationssuchastheUnitedNationsplayanimportantroleinpromotingglobalcooperation.TranslatetheabovepassageintoChinese.参考答案笔译综合能力1.A。“significant”是形容词，意为“重大的，显著的”，修饰名词“change”；“insignificant”意为“不重要的”；“significance”是名词；“significantly”是副词。2.B。“becapableofdoingsth.”是固定搭配，意为“有能力做某事”；“able”常用“beabletodosth.”；“competence”和“competency”是名词。3.A。“deliveralecture”是固定表达，意为“发表演讲，授课”。4.A。“expand”有“扩大，扩展”之意，“expandbusiness”表示“拓展业务”；“extend”主要指“延伸，延长”；“expend”意为“花费，消耗”；“expose”意为“暴露”。5.A。“despite”是介词，后接名词或名词短语；“although”是连词，后接句子；“inspite”应改为“inspiteof”；“even”意为“甚至”，不符合语境。6.A。“building”和“pulldown”是被动关系，且时间是“nextmonth”，所以用一般将来时的被动语态“willbepulled”。7.A。“thenumberof+名词复数”表示“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数形式“is”。8.A。“aslongas”意为“只要”；“asfaras”意为“就……而言”；“aswellas”意为“也，和……一样”；“assoonas”意为“一……就……”。9.A。这是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词是“book”，关系代词用“which”，“that”不能引导非限定性定语从句，“who”指人，“what”不能引导定语从句。10.A。“suggest”表示“建议”时，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，“should”可以省略。11.C。根据第一段第一句“Thedigitalrevolutionhastransformedthewaywelive,work,andcommunicate.”可知答案。12.B。根据第一段第二句“Oneofthemostsignificantchangesistheriseoftheinternet”可知答案。13.A。根据第二段最后一句“Cyber-attacks,privacyviolations,andthespreadoffalseinformationarejustafewoftheproblemsthatweface.”可知答案。14.C。根据第三段第二句“Whilethiscanincreaseproductivityandefficiency,italsomeansthatsomeworkersmaylosetheirjobs.”可知答案。15.C。根据第三段最后一句“Governmentsandbusinessesneedtofindwaystoretrainworkersandcreatenewjobopportunitiesinthedigitaleconomy.”可知答案。16.B。根据第二段第一句“TheEarth'sclimateischangingatanalarmingrate,mainlyduetohumanactivitiessuchastheburningoffossilfuelsanddeforestation.”可知答案。17.B。根据第二段第二句“Theconsequencesofclimatechangearefar-reachingandincluderisingsealevels,morefrequentandsevereextremeweatherevents,andthelossofbiodiversity.”可知答案。18.B。根据第三段第一句“TheParisAgreement,signedin2015,aimstolimitglobalwarmingtowellbelow2degreesCelsiusabovepre-industriallevelsandtopursueeffortstolimititto1.5degreesCelsius.”可知答案。19.B。根据第四段第一句“However,implementingthesemeasuresisnoteasy.Thereareeconomic,political,andsocialchallenges.”可知答案。20.C。根据第四段最后一句“Nevertheless,thebenefitsoftakingactiononclimatechangefaroutweighthecostsinthelongrun.”可知答案。21.D。“rushfortime”表示“争分夺秒，赶时间”，符合语境；“searchfor”意为“寻找”；“lookfor”意为“寻找”；“longfor”意为“渴望”。22.A。这是一个定语从句，先行词是“bigcities”，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词“where”。23.A。“choosebetween...and...”表示“在……和……之间做出选择”；“select”强调“挑选，选拔”；“pick”强调“挑选，采摘”；“decide”后一般接“on”。24.A。“attendameeting”是固定搭配，意为“参加会议”；“join”一般指“加入某个组织或团体”；“takepartin”和“participatein”强调“参与某项活动”。25.A。“anywhere”意为“任何地方”，表示移动设备让人们可以在任何地方工作；“somewhere”意为“某个地方”；“everywhere”意为“到处”；“nowhere”意为“无处”。26.B。根据后面提到的“人们沉迷于数字设备而忘记与现实世界互动”可知，这里说的是科技的“缺点”，“disadvantages”符合语境；“advantages”和“benefits”意为“优点，好处”；“uses”意为“用途”。27.C。“beabsorbedin”是固定搭配，意为“沉迷于，专注于”；“beinvolvedin”意为“参与，卷入”；“beinterestedin”意为“对……感兴趣”；“beengagedin”意为“从事，忙于”。28.B。根据前面提到的“压力”以及后面“因为不能做所有想做的事”可知，人们会感到“有压力”，“stressed”符合语境；“relaxed”意为“放松的”；“happy”意为“开心的”；“excited”意为“兴奋的”。29.A。“findabalancebetween...and...”表示“在……和……之间找到平衡”，符合文章主旨，即要在工作和休闲之间找到平衡；“difference”意为“差异”；“distance”意为“距离”；“relationship”意为“关系”。30.D。“inthenameof”表示“以……的名义”，这里说的是人们不应该以节省时间的名义牺牲健康和幸福；“intheway”意为“挡道”；“intheprocessof”意为“在……过程中”；“inthecourseof”意为“在……期间”。笔译实务31.技术的飞速发展重塑了全球经济格局。人工智能、大数据和物联网等新兴产业正在崛起，给传统商业模式带来了深刻变革。这些新兴技术不仅提高了生产效率，还创造了新的商业机会。例如，电子商务彻底改变了人们的购物方式，让消费者只需在移动设备上轻点几下就能购买商品和服务。32.教育是国家发展的基石。它在培养人才、促进社会进步和提升国家竞争力方面发挥着至关重要的作用。在当今以知识为基础的社会中，高质量的教育体系对于个人获取在21世纪取得成功所需的技能和知识至关重要。此外，教育还可以通过为不同背景的人提供平等机会，帮助减少不平等现象，促进社会公平。33.环境保护是一个紧迫的全球性问题。环境恶化，包括空气污染、水污染和森林砍伐，对人类健康和许多物种的生存构成了严重威胁。为了解决这些问题，世界各国需要共同努力，实施有效的环境政策和措施。例如，推广太阳能和风能等可再生能源的使用，有助于减少温室气体排放，缓解气候变化的影响。34.文化交流是促进不同国家和民族之间相互理解和友谊的重要途径。通过文化交流，人们可以了解不同的文化、传统和价值观，这可以拓宽他们的视野，丰富他们的生活。例如，国际艺术展览、音乐节和电影节为来自不同国家的艺术家和观众提供了互动和分享文化体验的平台。35.创新是经济增长和社会发展的驱动力。在现代社会，鼓励创新的国家更有可能实现可持续发展。创新可以带来新产品、新服务和新商业模式的创造，从而提高生产力和竞争力。例如，汽车行业的技术创新推动了电动汽车和自动驾驶汽车的发展，这些汽车更加环保和高效。36.Chinahasachievedremarkablesuccessinpovertyalleviation.Afteryearsofefforts,hundredsofmillionsofpoorpeoplehavebeenliftedoutofpoverty,whichisagreatfeatinthehistoryofglobalpovertyreduction.China'sexperienceinpovertyalleviationprovidesvaluablereferenceforothercountriesanddemonstratesChina'sresponsibilityasamajorcountry.37.TraditionalChinesemedicineisatreasureoftheChinesenation,withalonghistoryandrichtheoreticalandpracticalexperience.Inrecentyears,traditionalChinesemedicinehasgainedincreasingrecognitionandapplicationaroundtheworld.Itcannotonlytreatdiseasesbutalsoplayaroleinpreventionandhealthcare,makingimportantcontributionstohumanhealth.38.Scientificandtechnologicalinnovationisanimportantforcedrivingsocialprogress.TheChinesegovernmentattachesgreatimportancetoscientificandtechnologicalinnovationandcontinuouslyincreasesinvestmentinscientificresearch.Infieldssuchasartificialintelligenceand5Gcommunication,Chinahasmadeaseriesofmajorbreakthroughs,leadingtheglobaltrendoftechnologicaldevelopment.39.Culturalconfidenceisamorefundamental,profound,andlastingforceinthedevelopmentofacountryandanation.InheritingandpromotingexcellenttraditionalChinesecultureisofgreatsignificanceforenhancingnationalcohesionandculturalidentity.WeshouldactivelyspreadChineseculturetolettheworldknowmoreaboutChina.40.Greendevelopmentisthetrendoftheworldtoday.Chinaadherestothepath