安徽省芜湖市2022-2023学年高二下学期教学质量统测英语试题 含解析

第1页/共1页2022—2023学年度第二学期芜湖市教学质量统测高二英语试题卷满分100分,考试用时120分钟注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、学校、考场/座位号、班级、准考证号填写在答题卷上,将条形码横贴在答题卷右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2.作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔在答题卷上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卷各题目指定区域内;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液,不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须保证答题卷的整洁,考试结束后,将试题卷和答题卷一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节,满分10分)第一节(共5小题;每小题0.5分,满分2.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.Alibrary.B.Ahospital.C.Abank.2.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthenewteacher?A.Hedislikestheteacher.B.Headmirestheteacher.C.Hethinkstheteacherishumorous.3.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heappliedforanewjob.B.Heranacomputercompany.C.Heknewnothingaboutcomputers.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Family.B.Careers.C.Healthproblems.5.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Excited.B.Lucky.C.Confused.第二节(共15小题;每小题0.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.WhydoesLindaaskherdaddytobuysomethingforher?A.Becauseitwillbecoldsoon.B.BecauseitisLinda’sbirthdaytomorrow.C.Becausehehasalotofmoney.7.WhatdoesLinda’sfatherwanttobuyforheratfirst?A.Anewcoat.B.Amobilephone.C.Anewdictionary.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.WhatwillthemandoonSaturday?A.Shopwiththewoman.B.Attendawedding.C.Stayathome.9.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobuy?A.Adress.B.Abicycle.C.Abackpack.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Howmanypeoplearethereinthewoman’sfamily?A.13.B.23.C.30.11.What’sthemangoingtodoforChristmas?A.Gotoaparty.B.TraveltoCanada.C.Visithisfriends.12.Whatdoesthemanpromisethewoman?A.Toteachhertoski.B.Tobringheragift.C.Tovisitherfamily.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whoisthepenfor?A.Theman’sson.B.Theman’sdaughter.C.Theman’swife.14.Whatcolourpendoesthemanwant?A.Apurpleone.B.Ablackone.C.Ayellowone.15.Howmuchdoesthepenwitharedleathercovercost?A.$20.B.$23.C.$25.16.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.Buyanotherpen.B.Returntothestoretomorrow.C.Waitforthewoman’scall.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.WhenwasShakespeareandCompanyfirstopened?A.In1919.B.In1941.C.In1951.18.WhatservicedidMsBeach’sbookstoreoffer?A.Givingfoodtoreaders.B.Teachingpeoplehowtowrite.C.Offeringbedsforwriters.19.WhywasMsBeach’sbookstoreclosed?A.Shefacedstrongcompetition.B.Shedidn’thaveenoughmoney.C.Shewasforcedtocloseit.20.WhatdoweknowaboutMrWhitman?A.HeusedtoworkatMsBeach’sbookstore.B.HefollowedMsBeach’swaysofdoingbusiness.C.HewasaregularcustomerofMsBeach’sbookstore.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIfyouwanttofillyourshelveswiththebestbooksofalltimeyou’reintherightplace.WheretheSidewalkEndsbyShelSilverstein(1974)TheimaginationofShelSilversteinisonfulldisplayinthisclassiccollectionofshortstoriesandpoems.Thebookistrulyoneofthebestpoetrybooksofalltimebecauseofitsstayingpowerforchildren.ThestoriesofthisAmericanpoet,author,singerandfolkartisthavesomethingforeveryone.AnnaKareninabyLeoTolstoy(1878)Mostcriticsregarditasoneofthemosttypicalliterarylovestories.Theauthor’sRussiantaleofunfortunateloversisfilledwithfascinatingquoteslike,“Hesteppeddown,tryingnottolooklongather,asifshewerethesun,yethesawher,likethesun,evenwithoutlooking.”Thisonebelongsonanybookcollector’sshelf.TheLittlePrincebyAntoinedeSaint-Exupery(1943)Itisatimelesstaleofaprince’sjourneyinsearchofadventure.Whathefinds,however,areinteractionswithadultswholeavehimsoupset.It’soneofthemostappealingshortbookswe’veeverreadandalsooneofthemostwidelyreadchildren’sclassicsallovertheworld.TheShiningbyStephenKing(1977)Themasterofmysterymustbeincludedinanylistofbooksyoushouldreadinalifetime.That’swhyyouwillfindithere.Horrorfanstakenote:ThisisoneofthescariestandbestStephenKingbooksofalltime.1.Inwhichbookcanwereadaboutunfortunatelovers?A.AnnaKarenina. B.TheShining.CTheLittlePrince. D.WheretheSidewalkEnds.2.Whichwriterisgoodattellingatimelessjourneyofadventure?A.ShelSilverstein. B.StephenKing.C.AntoinedeSaint-Exupery. D.LeoTolstoy.3.WhatdoWheretheSidewalkEndsandTheShininghaveincommon?A.Theyarebothnovels.B.Theyarebothforchildren.C.Theyarebothaboutadults.D.Theywerebothwritteninthe1970s.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章推荐了适合放在书架上的几本好书。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据AnnaKarenina中关键句“Theauthor’sRussiantaleofunfortunateloversisfilledwithfascinatingquoteslike,“Hesteppeddown,tryingnottolooklongather,asifshewerethesun,yethesawher,likethesun,evenwithoutlooking.”(作者写的关于不幸恋人的俄罗斯故事充满了迷人的语录，比如，“他走下楼梯，尽量不去看她，就好像她是太阳一样，但他甚至不看她，就像太阳一样看到了她。”)”可知，《安娜·卡列尼娜》这本书讲述了不幸恋人的故事。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TheLittlePrince中关键句“Itisatimelesstaleofaprince’sjourneyinsearchofadventure.(这是一个关于王子寻找冒险之旅的永恒故事)”可知，《小王子》讲述了一个永恒的冒险之旅的故事，作者是AntoinedeSaint-Exupery。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据WheretheSidewalkEnds的写作时间：1974及TheShining的写作时间：1977可知，这两本书的共同点是它们都写于20世纪70年代（1970s）。故选D。BNomatterhowmanytimesSandyhasrescuedananimal,shenevergetsoverthecasualcrueltysomepeopledisplaytowardunwantedpets.Whenshelostherown“angel”dog,shestartedLogan’sLegacytohelpotherpetsinneed.Sandyrecentlyreceivedaphonecallaboutasmalldog,possiblyapuppy,thathadbeenabandonedonastreet.Sinceshewastoofartohelpon,shecalledafriendwholivesnearbytogetthereassoonaspossible.WhenherfriendTomarrived,hefoundatinydogcurled(蜷缩)inatightballwiththechainfirmlytiedtoatree.Someonehadleftfoodandwaterforher,butthepuppywastoofrightenedtoeatordrink.Oncegatheredupinablanketandplacedintothebackseatofthecar,shebegantogetweakquicklyfromdehydration(脱水)andexhaustion.Themomentshegotsomewaterandfood,thepuppymadearapidrecovery,andherlovelyandsweetpersonalitycouldfinallyshine!“WehavenamedherCiCi,”Sandyadded,“Sheisfeelingsomuchbetter.Shehasbeenobservedatmyplaceandsheisdoinggreat.Thissweetbabygirlwillneverfeelfearfulagain,andwon’teverbeabandonedagain.”AfterwinningheartsatSandy’soffice,CiCihasbeenapprovedforadoptingandwillsoonleaveforhernewlife.Sandyandherfellowrescuersaretryingtheirbesttofindhertheperfectfamilytoloveherandtreatherwiththerespectalllivingcreaturesdeserve!4.WhatdidSandyfeelithardtoovercome?A.Thecasualhumanity. B.Thecrueltyofhumanity.C.Thekindhumannature. D.Theweaknessofkindness.5.Howwasthedog’sconditionwhenfirstfound?A.Shesufferedaseriousillness.B.Shehadnothingtoeatordrink.C.Shegotlostfarawayfromhome.D.Shewasscaredandinpoorhealth.6.WhatwillbeCiCi’sprobablefuturelife?A.Shewillstoptakingmedicine.B.Shewillcontinuefurthertreatment.C.Shewillhaveaperfectmatchforhome.D.ShewillgetonwellwithSandyforever.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A.AWarmHomeforCiCiB.DogSavedHeartFulfilledC.ATerribleExperienceofCiCiD.SavingDogsSavingThemselves【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.B【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。丢失爱犬的Sandy成立了“洛根的遗产”帮助其他需要帮助的宠物，本文讲述了Sandy和朋友救助小狗Cici并帮助她找新家的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“NomatterhowmanytimesSandyhasrescuedananimal,shenevergetsoverthecasualcrueltysomepeopledisplaytowardunwantedpets.(不管桑迪救了多少只动物，她都无法摆脱一些人对不想要的宠物的随意虐待)”可知，Sandy无法摆脱人们对于不想要宠物的随意虐待，这是一种人性的残忍。故选B。5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“WhenherfriendTomarrived,hefoundatinydogcurled(蜷缩)inatightballwiththechainfirmlytiedtoatree.Someonehadleftfoodandwaterforher,butthepuppywastoofrightenedtoeatordrink.Oncegatheredupinablanketandplacedintothebackseatofthecar,shebegantogetweakquicklyfromdehydration(脱水)andexhaustion.(当她的朋友汤姆到达时，他发现一只小狗蜷缩成一个紧紧的球，链子牢牢地拴在树上。有人给她留了食物和水，但这只小狗太害怕了，不敢吃也不敢喝。她被包在毯子里，放在汽车后座上，由于脱水和疲惫，她开始迅速虚弱起来)”可知，当小狗刚开始被发现时，她很害怕，身体状况很差。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“AfterwinningheartsatSandy’soffice,CiCihasbeenapprovedforadoptingandwillsoonleaveforhernewlife.Sandyandherfellowrescuersaretryingtheirbesttofindhertheperfectfamilytoloveherandtreatherwiththerespectalllivingcreaturesdeserve!(在桑迪的办公室赢得人心后，CiCi被批准收养，并将很快开始她的新生活。桑迪和她的同伴们正在尽最大努力为她找到一个完美的家庭来爱她，并像对待所有生物一样尊重她)”可推知，桑迪和她的同伴们正在努力为Cici找一个有爱的家庭来收养她，Cici未来的生活中会有一个完美的家庭。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“NomatterhowmanytimesSandyhasrescuedananimal,shenevergetsoverthecasualcrueltysomepeopledisplaytowardunwantedpets.Whenshelostherown“angel”dog,shestartedLogan’sLegacytohelpotherpetsinneed.(不管桑迪救了多少只动物，她都无法摆脱一些人对不想要的宠物的随意虐待。当她失去了自己的“天使”狗时，她创办了“洛根的遗产”，帮助其他需要帮助的宠物)”及下文讲述的Sandy和朋友救助小狗Cici并帮助她找新家的故事可知，本文介绍了丢失爱犬的Sandy帮助其他需要帮助的小动物的故事，B选项“狗狗得救的心得到满足”符合本文主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选B。CTheteathathasdelightedandfascinatedtheworldforthousandsofyearshasfinallyreceivedtop-levelglobalrecognitionasasharedculturaltreasureofmankind.China’straditionaltea-makingwasaddedonTuesdaytotheintangibleculturalheritagelistofUNESCO.ThetraditionalteaprocessingtechniquesandassociatedsocialpracticesinChinaconsistofknowledge,skillsandpracticesconcerningthemanagementofteaplantations,pickingoftealeaves,manual(手工的)processing,drinkingandsharingoftea.Sinceancienttimes,Chinesepeoplehavebeenplanting,picking,makinganddrinkingtea.Teaproducershavedevelopedsixcategoriesoftea:green,yellow,dark,white,oolongandblackteas.Togetherwithreprocessedteas,suchasflower-scentedteas,thereareover2,000teaproductsinChina.Tea-relatedcustomsarenotonlyfoundacrossthecountry,butalsoinfluencetherestoftheworldthroughtheancientSilkRoadandtraderoutes.TeaisubiquitousinChinesepeople’sdailylife,assteeped(浸泡)orboiledteaisservedinfamilies,workplaces,teahouses,restaurantsandtemples,etc.Itisalsoanimportantpartofsocializationandceremoniessuchasweddingsandsacrifices.Thepracticeofgreetingguestsandbuildingrelationshipswithinfamiliesandamongneighborsthroughtea-relatedactivitiesiscommontomultipleethnicgroups,providingasenseofsharedidentityandcontinuityforthecommunities.InChina,44registerednational-levelintangibleculturalheritageentriesarerelatedtotea.Thereareover40vocationalcollegesand80universitiesthathavesetupmajorsinteascienceorteaculture,resultinginover3,000graduatesspecializinginteaproductionandarteveryyear,accordingtotheministry.Chinanowhas43itemsontheintangibleculturalheritagelist,continuingtobethemostenlistedcountryintheworld.8.Whatcanbelearntfromthepassage?A.Chineseproducersdeveloped44categoriesoftea.B.Teaisquitepopularwithpeoplealloverthecountry.C.Morethan2,000teaproductscouldbefoundinChina.D.There’reabout300graduatesspecializinginteaproductioneveryyear.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ubiquitous”probablymean?A.rare B.common C.temporary D.available10.HowdoestheauthoremphasizethepromotionofteacultureinParagraph4?A.Bylistingfigures. B.Bymakingdefinitions.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Bymakingcomparisons.11.Inwhichkindofbookmaythistextappear?A.Atextbook. B.Atraveljournal.C.Astorybook. D.Aculturalmagazine.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。中国传统文化——茶道被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录，文章介绍了中国茶叶产品种类和传统加工工艺及相关茶文化等。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Togetherwithreprocessedteas,suchasflower-scentedteas,thereareover2,000teaproductsinChina.(再加上花茶等再加工茶叶，中国有2000多种茶叶产品)”可知，在中国可以找到2000多种茶叶产品。故选C。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“assteeped(浸泡)orboiledteaisservedinfamilies,workplaces,teahouses,restaurantsandtemples,etc.Itisalsoanimportantpartofsocializationandceremoniessuchasweddingsandsacrifices.(泡茶或煮茶在家庭、工作场所、茶馆、餐馆和寺庙等场所都有供应。它也是社交和婚礼、祭祀等仪式的重要组成部分)”可推知，茶在中国人每日生活中是常见的，划线词与common意思相近。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“InChina,44registerednational-levelintangibleculturalheritageentriesarerelatedtotea.Thereareover40vocationalcollegesand80universitiesthathavesetupmajorsinteascienceorteaculture,resultinginover3,000graduatesspecializinginteaproductionandarteveryyear,accordingtotheministry.(在中国，有44个国家级非物质文化遗产项目与茶有关。据该部称，有40多所职业院校和80多所大学开设了茶学或茶文化专业，每年有3000多名专业从事茶叶生产和艺术的毕业生)”可知，本段通过列数字来强调茶文化的推广。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Theteathathasdelightedandfascinatedtheworldforthousandsofyearshasfinallyreceivedtop-levelglobalrecognitionasasharedculturaltreasureofmankind.China’straditionaltea-makingwasaddedonTuesdaytotheintangibleculturalheritagelistofUNESCO.(几千年来一直令世界欣喜和着迷的茶终于作为人类共同的文化瑰宝获得了全球顶级的认可。周二，中国传统的茶道被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录)”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了中国传统文化——茶道被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录，同时介绍了中国茶叶产品种类和传统加工工艺及相关茶文化等，因此，本文可能出自一本文化杂志。故选D。DTheInternet’scarbonfootprintisasbadasairtravel.Whileitisdifficulttomeasureprecisely,estimatesplaceitatovertwopercentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions(排放)—thesameastheairtravel.Informationmayappeartospreadaroundtheworldunseentooureyes,butitactuallypassesthroughenormousdatacentersplacedstrategicallyabouttheglobe,whichstore,organizeanddelivereveryone’sdata.Thesecentersareextremelyenergyintensive.IntheEU,theyconsumeclosetothreepercentofitstotalenergyusageandalsorequirelotsofwatertopreventtheircomputersfromoverheating.IntheUS,aboutafifthofdatacentersdrawwaterfromalreadystressedwatersources.Atypicalspamemail(垃圾邮件)emitsaround0.03gofCO2emissions,thoughlongermessagesreadonalaptopcangoallthewayupto26g.Nowmultiplythatby333billion(roughlythenumberofemailsthatgetsenteverydayin2022).Thatputsallthoseworkemailsintoperspective.OnestudyfoundifeveryBritishadultsentoneless“thankyou”emailaday,itwouldsave16,433tonsofcarbonayear.ItevenpredictedthattheICTindustrycouldaccountforuptoafifthoftheworld’senergyconsumptionby2025.However,therearemeasuresthatwecantaketoreduceourdigitalcarbonfootprint.Forinstance,youcanunsubscribefrommarketingandotherspamemailsandonlysubscribetonewslettersthatyoustillregularlyread.Haveregulardatacheckswhereyoudeleteoldcontactlistsandotherdocumentsthatnolongerhaveanyuse.Keepacleaninboxanddeleteemailsyounolongerneed.12.Whydoestheauthormakeacomparisoninthebeginning?A.Topresentthedigitalcarbonfootprint.B.Toemphasizetheimportanceofairtravel.C.Toadvisepeoplenottotravelbyairplane.D.ToinformthedisadvantagesoftheInternet.13.Whatcanweinferaboutdatacenters?A.Itenjoysawidepopularity.B.Ithasvariouskindsoffunctions.C.Itcauseslargeenergyconsumption.D.Ithasquiteacomplexmodeofoperation.14.What’sthepurposeofmentioningthefiguresinParagraph3?A.Todrawthereaders’attention.B.Toillustrateacertaininformation.C.TohighlightthechangeofCO2emission.D.TostresstheimportanceofreducingCO2emission.15.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsreducingdigitalcarbonfootprint?A.Neutral. B.Optimistic.C.Unfavorable. D.Concerned.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了在数字时代，网络数据的储存、组织和传送会造成巨大的碳排放，文章建议了几种方法可以减少数字碳足迹。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“TheInternet’scarbonfootprintisasbadasairtravel.Whileitisdifficulttomeasureprecisely,estimatesplaceitatovertwopercentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions—thesameastheairtravel.(互联网的碳足迹和航空旅行一样糟糕。虽然难以精确测量，但据估计，它占全球温室气体排放量的2%以上，与航空旅行相同)”可推知，作者在第一段将互联网碳足迹和航空旅行碳足迹相比是为了展示数字碳足迹。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Thesecentersareextremelyenergyintensive.IntheEU,theyconsumeclosetothreepercentofitstotalenergyusageandalsorequirelotsofwatertopreventtheircomputersfromoverheating.IntheUS,aboutafifthofdatacentersdrawwaterfromalreadystressedwatersources.(这些中心都是能源密集型的。在欧盟，电脑消耗了近3%的总能源消耗，而且还需要大量的水来防止电脑过热。在美国，大约五分之一的数据中心从已经紧张的水源中取水)”可推知，数据中心造成了大量的能源消耗。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Atypicalspamemail(垃圾邮件)emitsaround0.03gofCO2emissions,thoughlongermessagesreadonalaptopcangoallthewayupto26g.Nowmultiplythatby333billion(roughlythenumberofemailsthatgetsenteverydayin2022).(一封典型的垃圾邮件的二氧化碳排放量约为0.03克，而在笔记本电脑上阅读较长的信息的二氧化碳排放量可高达26克。现在再乘以3330亿封（大概是2022年每天发送的电子邮件数量）)”及“OnestudyfoundifeveryBritishadultsentoneless“thankyou”emailaday,itwouldsave16,433tonsofcarbonayear.ItevenpredictedthattheICTindustrycouldaccountforuptoafifthoftheworld’senergyconsumptionby2025.(一项研究发现，如果每个英国成年人每天少发一封“感谢”邮件，一年就能减少16433吨碳排放。它甚至预测，到2025年，信息通信技术产业将占到世界能源消耗的五分之一)”可知，本段通过列举数字说明了网络数据能造成巨大的碳排放，因此，这一段是为了强调减少二氧化碳排放的重要性。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However,therearemeasuresthatwecantaketoreduceourdigitalcarbonfootprint.(然而，我们可以采取一些措施来减少我们的数字碳足迹)”及下文提到的几种方法可知，作者认为数字碳足迹问题可以改善，持乐观态度。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beingapeople-pleaser(讨好型人格)issecondnaturetomanypeople.Wetendtocalmthosearoundus,oftenregardlessofourownneeds.Actually,itisunhealthytodoso.___16___Herearesometipsonecanfollow.Besureofyourownvalue.Youwerecreateddifferentlyfromeveryotherhuman.Overcomingpeople-pleasingstartswithclearlyknowingthevalueofyourthoughtsandactions,andthatyourpresencematters.Bypleasingpeopleatthecostofyourowndesires,you’reforgettingthatyouarehereforareason.___17___Whensomethinggoeswrong,it’squitenaturalformetosaysorry.Itisprettytrueofyouifyou’reapeople-pleasertoo.However,beforewordsofapologytripfromyourlips,stopandlookatthesituation.Apologizesincerelyandtimelyonconditionthatit’sreallyyourfault.Otherwisejustletitgo.Keepsayingno.___18___Indeed,gettingoverpeople-pleasingrequirespeopletounderstandthatyoucansaynoandmeanit.Sayingnomaybehard,butthemoreyousayit,themoreyouunderstandhowimportantitistosay.Speakup.People-pleasersliketoagreewiththemasses.Wearequiet,listening,waitingtoagreeonwhateverdecisionisreached.Manytimes,Isimplystayedquietandagreed,evenwhenIreallydidn’tliketheplansatall.AndbitternesssurgedwhenIwasaskedtodealwithwhatIdidn’twant.___19___Evensometimesyouhavetoshoutsoastobeheard.Withoutanydoubt,it’sdifficulttogoagainstthenaturethatyoutendtopleaseeveryonearoundyou.___20___It’sthesamewithme.Thebestpartiswegetthegraceofanewdaytotryalloveragain.A.Saysorryactively.B.Apologizeproperly.C.Itseemscommontoagreetoeverything.D.Chancesarethatyou’llfailintooldpatternsmidway.E.Whatcountsmuchistochangesomeofyourdailyhabits.F.Sayingnoisalwaysthefirstchoiceformanypeopletomake.G.Learntouseyourvoicebravelyifyou’dliketoovercomepeople-pleasing.【答案】16.E17.B18.C19.G20.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了如何改变“讨好型人格”习惯的一些方法。16题详解】上文“Beingapeople-pleaser(讨好型人格)issecondnaturetomanypeople.Wetendtocalmthosearoundus,oftenregardlessofourownneeds.Actually,itisunhealthytodoso.(成为一个讨人喜欢的人是许多人的第二天性。我们往往会不顾自己的需要，让周围的人平静下来。事实上，这样做是不健康的)”讲到了讨好型人格往往会不顾自己，讨好别人，是不健康的，下文“Herearesometipsonecanfollow.(这里有一些建议可以遵循)”及下文介绍如何改变这种人格的方法，E选项“重要的是改变你的一些日常习惯”表示要改变这种习惯，从而改变讨好型人格，承上启下。故选E。【17题详解】空处为小标题，后文“However,beforewordsofapologytripfromyourlips,stopandlookatthesituation.Apologizesincerelyandtimelyonconditionthatit’sreallyyourfault.Otherwisejustletitgo.(然而，在你道歉之前，停下来看看情况。真诚而及时地道歉，前提是这真的是你的错。否则就随它去吧)”表明不要一味地道歉，如果真是自己的错误才应该道歉，B选项“适当道歉”可以概括本小段主旨。故选B。【18题详解】下文“Indeed,gettingoverpeople-pleasingrequirespeopletounderstandthatyoucansaynoandmeanit.(事实上，克服讨好别人的习惯需要人们明白，你可以说不，而且是认真的)”并结合本段小标题可知，此处表示要勇敢拒绝，C选项“一切都同意似乎很常见”表示同意是常见的，与后文形成对比，引出下文的观点，适合作为段首句。故选C。

【19题详解】上文“Manytimes,Isimplystayedquietandagreed,evenwhenIreallydidn’tliketheplansatall.AndbitternesssurgedwhenIwasaskedtodealwithwhatIdidn’twant.(很多时候，我只是保持沉默并同意，即使我真的不喜欢这些计划。当我被要求处理我不想要的东西时，痛苦就会涌上心头)”表示作者保持沉默勉强接受不喜欢的计划，但是内心痛苦，下文“Evensometimesyouhavetoshoutsoastobeheard.(甚至有时候你必须大声喊叫才能让别人听到)”可知，空处表示应说出自己的想法，G选项“如果你想克服取悦别人的缺点，就要学会勇敢地使用自己的声音”符合主旨。故选G。【20题详解】上文“Withoutanydoubt,it’sdifficulttogoagainstthenaturethatyoutendtopleaseeveryonearoundyou.(毫无疑问，想要违背你喜欢取悦身边每一个人的天性是很难的)”表示改变习惯是困难的，下文“It’sthesamewithme.Thebestpartiswegetthegraceofanewdaytotryalloveragain.(我也一样。最好的部分是我们得到了新的一天的恩典，可以重新开始)”表示作者也是一样，但是可以不停尝试，D选项“很有可能你会中途陷入旧的模式”符合上文说明改变天性是困难的这一观点，表示有可能会失败，符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分25分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In2005,RachelO’Neill,ofRockwood,Michigan,wasworkingfull-timeasanassistantinanengineeringcompany.While___21___inalocalcharity,she’dneverdoneanyglobalvolunteering.ButafteratravelinAfricaforherfiftiethbirthday,followedbyatriptoMalawi,shesaid,“IfeltIhadtodosomethingmore.”Shewasstruckbytheheavyworkdonebygirlsto___22___theirfamilies.“Iwantedawaytohonorthem,”shesays.She___23___afewwomenatherlocalchurchtomake1,000simple___24___,whichwere___25___togirlsinMalawi.Rachel___26___hergoalthatfirstyear.Aswordspread,donations___27___in.“Dressesstartedcomingeverydayfromalloverthecountry!”Rachelsays.In2008,withoutany___28___,shestartedanonprofitorganizationcalledLittleDressesforAfrica,withagoalofgettingsimplehomemadedressesforgirls(andpantsforboys)in___29___communities,wherepeoplehardlychangetheir____30____forayear.Sofar,morethan10milliondresseshavebeendonatedtochildrenin97countries,includingtheUnitedStates,thoughAfricaremainsafocus.ThenonprofitrunsadistributioncenterinMalawiandworks____31____withcommunityleaderstheretodistributedonateddressesandpants,whichhaveproventhekeytokeepinggirlsinschool.“NearlyhalfofMalawi’spopulationisunderage14,”Rachelsays,“Weare____32____meetingtheirneeds.Fordressdesignsanddonatinginformation,goto.Weonlyaskpeopletomakehigh-quality,colorfulclothes.”Shealsoasksformoneyto____33____shippingcosts,estimatedat$2adress.____34____donationshaveallowedLittleDressesforAfricatoaddressotherneeds,includingbuildingmorethan85wellsandtwoprimaryschools.“Icouldn’thavedoneanyofthisonmyown,”Rachelsays,“Butwhenyoustepoutin____35____,miracles(奇迹)mayhappen.”21.A.active B.internal C.elegant D.primitive22.A.load B.preserve C.support D.form23.A.interrupted B.prevented C.persuaded D.warned24.A.dresses B.cakes C.books D.trousers25.A.led B.donated C.floated D.leaked26.A.set B.achieved C.lost D.had27.A.flooded B.froze C.dived D.took28.A.experiment B.exposure C.evidence D.experience29.A.simple B.harmonious C.royal D.poor30.A.customs B.hairstyles C.clothes D.possessions31.A.violently B.directly C.severely D.hurriedly32.A.apartfrom B.farfrom C.absentfrom D.tiredfrom33.A.cover B.charge C.shelter D.remove34.A.Urgent B.Distinct C.Generous D.General35.A.trouble B.danger C.faith D.silence【答案】21.A22.C23.C24.A25.B26.B27.A28.D29.D30.C31.B32.B33.A34.C35.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了RachelO’Neill号召妇女为非洲马拉维地区的女孩制作并捐赠连衣裙，并成立组织“非洲小礼服”来帮助全球孩子的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然她活跃于当地的慈善机构，但她从未做过任何全球性的志愿服务。A.active活跃的；B.internal内部的；C.elegant优雅的；D.primitive原始的。根据“she’dneverdoneanyglobalvolunteering”及“While”结合后文“IfeltIhadtodosomethingmore.”可知，此处表示尽管Rachel活跃于慈善机构，但是她从来没有参加过全球性的志愿服务。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩们为了养家而做的繁重工作给她留下了深刻的印象。A.load装载；B.preserve保护，保存；C.support支持；D.form形成。根据“bytheheavyworkdonebygirlsto___2___theirfamilies”可知，女孩们做繁重的工作是为了养家。supportone’sfamily意思为：养家。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说服当地教堂的一些妇女制作了1000件简单的连衣裙，并将其捐赠给马拉维的女孩。A.interrupted打断；B.prevented预防；C.persuaded说服；D.warned警告。根据“afewwomenatherlocalchurchtomake1,000simple___4___”可知，因为是志愿者活动，Rachel说服了当地教堂的妇女做志愿活动。选项C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.dresses连衣裙；B.cakes蛋糕；C.books书本；D.trousers长裤。根据下文“gettingsimplehomemadedressesforgirls”可知，此处表示为女孩们做连衣裙。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.led带领；B.donated捐赠；C.floated漂浮；D.leaked泄露。根据上文“Iwantedawaytohonorthem”可知，Rachel组织女人们做连衣裙捐赠给非洲的女孩们。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：瑞秋第一年就实现了她的目标。A.set设置；B.achieved实现；C.lost丢失；D.had有。根据“Aswordspread”及“thatfirstyear”可知，Rachel第一年就实现了捐赠目标。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：消息传开后，捐赠如潮水般涌来。A.flooded大量涌来；B.froze使冻住；C.dived潜水；D.took带走。根据“Dressesstartedcomingeverydayfromalloverthecountry!”可知，捐赠还是如潮水般涌来。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2008年，在没有任何经验的情况下，她创办了一个名为“非洲小礼服”的非营利组织，目标是为贫困社区的女孩提供简单的自制连衣裙（为男孩提供裤子），那里的人们一年几乎不换衣服。A.experiment实验；B.exposure暴露，接触；C.evidence证据；D.experience经验。根据“shestartedanonprofitorganizationcalledLittleDressesforAfrica”可知，Rachel以前一直做志愿活动，这是第一次成立组织，所以是没有任何经验的。故选D项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.simple简单的；B.harmonious和谐的；C.royal皇家的；D.poor贫穷的。根据“wherepeoplehardlychangetheir___10___forayear.”可知，Rachel成立组织为了贫穷地区的孩子捐赠衣物。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.customs风俗；B.hairstyles发型；C.clothes衣服；D.possessions财产。根据“simplehomemadedressesforgirls(andpantsforboys)”可知，捐赠的是衣服，所以推断出，这些地方的孩子们几乎一年到头都不换衣服。故选C项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个非营利组织在马拉维经营着一个配送中心，直接与当地社区领导人合作，分发捐赠的裙子和裤子，事实证明，这些衣服和裤子是让女孩上学的关键。A.violently剧烈地；B.directly直接地；C.severely秘密地；D.hurriedly匆忙地。根据“withcommunityleaders”可知，这个组织直接与社区领导人合作，不经过别人转手。故选B项。【32题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们远远不能满足他们的需要。A.apartfrom除……外；B.farfrom远远，远离；C.absentfrom缺席；D.tiredfrom疲劳于。根据“NearlyhalfofMalawi’spopulationisunderage14”可知，马拉维几乎一半的人口都小于14岁，所以，捐赠的量远远不能满足需要。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还要求支付运费，估计每条裙子要2美元。A.cover覆盖，包含；B.charge管理，要价；C.shelter保护，掩蔽；D.remove去除。根据“moneyto___13___shippingcosts,estimatedat$2adress.”可知，此处收到的捐款要包含运费。故选A项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：慷慨的捐款使“非洲小礼服”得以解决其他需求，包括建造超过85口井和两所小学。A.Urgent紧急的；B.Distinct不同的；C.Generous慷慨的；D.General普遍的。根据上文“Weonlyaskpeop