专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷7（共170题）

专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷7（共9

套）

（共170题）

专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷第1套

一、常规阅读理解（含5小题）（本题共20题，每题

1.0分，共20分。）

Whilethe1970spoppsychotherapymovementfocusedontheimportanceofletting

angerout,morerecentresearchsuggeststhatthere'sasmarter,healthierwaytoreactto

life'sslingsandarrows;withforgiveness.Inarecentstudy,itwasfoundthatwhen

individualswereabouttoforgive,theyexperiencedgreaterjoy,amoreprofoundsenseof

controloverlifeandlessdepression.Soundappealing.a）Whyholdingagrudgecanbe

harmful?Yourboyfriendblowsyouoffforanimportantdate.Ifyoustayangryathim,

you'llprobablygetfreshflowersonyourdoorstepandmaybeafancymealortwo.But

grudge-holdingonlygivesustheillusionofpower.Ifyouholdontothatangerona

chronicbasis,thenithaspoweroveryou,eatingawayatyourpeaceofmindandpertiaps

evenyourimmunesystem.AstudybyKathleenLawler,Ph.D.,apsychologyprofessor

attheUniversityofTennessee,confirmsthatpeoplewhoareunabletoforgivereport

morestressintheirlives,moreillnessandmorevisitstothedoctorthandoforgiving

folk.b）GoingfromagrudgetoforgivenessAfewwaystodevelopyourcapacitytoturn

theothercheek—Trywritingadaily"forgiveness"reminderinyourjournal;itmay

soundcorny,butit'sagreatwaytohelpgaincontroloveryouremotionallife.一Writea

lettertoyouroffender,detailingexactlywhafsbotheringyou.Thentossit.You'llfeel

better,evenifyourmessageneverreachesitsintendedtarget.一What,exactly,makes

yourbloodboil?Forgivenessisn'taboutswallowingangerorbeingadoormatIt'snot

aboutforgetting,either.Onthecontrary,it'saboutacknowledginganoffencewithyour

eyeswideopen—andthenreleasingtheanger.Thatmeansconjuringunempathytoward

thepersonwhohurtyou,thenfocusingonthegoodpartsofyourlife.c）Anactofcourage

Stillnotconvincedthatit'sworthittoputyourenergiestowardforgiving?Besidesthe

benefitstoyourpsycheandphysicalhealth,trueforgivenessisasignofstrengthand

soulfulness."Ittakesalotofmoralmuscletoforgive,nsaysDr.WitvleitofHopeCollege

inMichigan.Thebottomline:Forgivingultimatelybenefitstheforgivermorethanthe

personwhohasdonewrong.Sostartputtingyourownwell-beingfirst,andlivelifewith

asmuchinterestandloveasyoucan.

1、Forgivenesshasthefollowingadvantagesexceptthat

A^itenablespeopletobesmarter.

B、itmakespeoplemorecheerful.

C、ithelpspeopletobehealthier.

D、itrelievespeople'sfrustration.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第1段首句提到的smaner是说原谅是比发泄生气更明智的做法，而

不是说原谅可以让人smarter（更聪明）。因此，A并非原谅别人的好处，本题选A。

由首段末句中的joy和lessdepression可知B、D不符合题意；C项在文章首段第1

句和其他段落均有体现，故亦排除。

2、Accordingtothepassage,ifyoukeepfeelingangryfbralongtime,

A、theonewhohasdonewrongwillkeepsendingyoupresents.

B、theonewhohasdonewrongwillultimatelyapologizetoyou.

C^youwillhavepowerovertheonewhohasdonewrongtoyou.

D、youwillgraduallylosecontroloveryourmindandyourhealth.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：题干的关键词foralongtime是原文第3段第4句中onachronicbasis

的同义替换，由文中的eatingaway...ofmind和…immunesystem可知D符合题

意。

3、Theauthorthinkswhenoneforgives,

A、heendurestheoffencewithoutcomplaints.

B、hetrieshisbesttoforgetthebadexperience.

C>hedoesnotclingtothepastbutwelcomesthebrightsideoflife.

D、hedoesnotcarryoutrevengebutremindshimselfoftheoffence.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：C中的norclingtothepastbutwelcome...是第5段最后两句中

releasingtheanger和focusingonthegoodpartsofyourlife的另一种说法.因此为正

确答案。

4、Dr.Witvleitthinks

A、toforgivebenefitsone'sphysicalhealth.

B、toforgivebenefitsone'smentalhealth.

C>toforgivecostsone'stimeandenergy.

D、toforgiveshowsone'sspiritualvirtue.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：最后一段第3句是对第2句的进一步引用说明，因此，Witvleit博士

所说的moralmuscle应与上一句中的soulfulness呼应，都是指人类的高尚情操。D

中的spiritualvirtue与文中的moralmuscle或soulfulness近义，因此选D。

5、Theauthormostprobablywantsto

A、informthereader.

B、instructthereader.

C^comparetwowaysoftreatinganger.

D、fbcusontheadvantageofforgiving.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：从文章的小标题a）、b）和末段首句和末句可以看出，作者列举生气的

缺点和原谅的优点，都是为了最终引导读者对别人的伤害采取宽容的态度，因此，

本文的目的不是告诉读者信息，而是教导读者对待伤害应采取什么态度。由此可

见，B为本题答案。

ArchaeologistsusingDNAtestingsaidtheyhaveidentifiedamummydiscoveredmore

thanacenturyagoasQueenHatshepsut,Egypt'smostpowerfulfemalepharaoh.The

discoveryhasnotbeenindependentlyreviewedbyotherexperts.Themummywas

discoveredin1903intheValleyoftheKings,butitwasleftinplaceuntiltwomonths

ago.ArchaeologiststhentookthemummytotheCairoMuseumfortesting,saidEgypt's

antiquitieschiefZahiHawass.Hawasshasbeensearchingforthequeenforaboutayear,

settingupaDNAlabinthebasementoftheCairoMuseum.Thestudywasfundedby

TheDiscoveryChannel,whichissettoairanexclusivedocumentaryonthefindinJuly.

Hawasssaidthekeycluewasamolar.Itwasfoundinajarbearingthequeen'semblem

andcontainingsomeofhcrwell-preservedorgans.Thetoothfitagapinthemummy's

jaw.Hawass*teamisstillconductingDNAtestingthattheyhopecouldhelpconfirmthe

find."Weare100percentcertain*'thatthemummyisthatofHatshepsut,Hawasstold

TheAssociatedPress.HatshepsutruledEgyptinthe15thcenturyB.C.andwasknown

fordressinglikeamanandwearingafalsebeard.Whenherreignended,alltracesofher

disappeared.Her22-yearruleendedin1453B.C.andwasthelongestamongancient

Egyptianqueens.ThemummyidentifiedasHatshepsutdiedinhcr50s,Hawasssaid.He

saidshewasobeseandprobablyhaddiabetesandlivercancer.Whenthemummywas

discovered,thelefthandwaspositionedagainstherchest,whichisatraditionalsignof

royaltyinancientEgypt.ButotherEgyptologistsarenotascertainthatthemummyis

Hatshepsut.MolecularbiologistScottWoodward,directoroftheSorensonMolecular

GenealogyFoundationinSaltLakeCity,wascautiousabouttheannouncement."It'sa

verydifficultprocesstoobtainDNAfromamummy,"Woodwardsaid"Tomakeaclaim

astoarelationship,youneedotherindividualsfromwhichyouhaveobtainedDNA,to

makeacomparisonbetweentheDNAsequences."SuchDNAmaterialwouldtypically

comefromparentsorgrandparents.Withfemalemummies,themostcommontypeof

DNAtolookforisthemitochondrialDNAthatrevealsmaternallineage,Woodward

said.MoleculargeneticistYehiaZakariaGad,whoispartofHawass'team,saidDNA

samplesweretakenfromthemummy'spelvisandfemur,sothatmoregenetictestscan

berunthatcomparethemummytothequeen'sgrandmother,AmosNefreteri,whowas

previouslyidentified.Gadsaidpreliminaryresultsare"veryencouraging."Molecular

biologistPaulEvansoftheBrighamYoungUniversityinProvo,Utah,saidthediscovery

wouldberemarkableifthemummyisindeedHatshepsut."Hatshepsutisanindividual

whohasauniqueplaceinEgypfshistory.Tohaveheridentifiedisonthesame

magnitudeasKingTufsdiscovery,"Evanssaid.Hatshepsutisbelievedtohavestolenihe

thronefromheryoungstepson,ThutmoseHLHatshepsut'sfunerarytempleislocatedin

ancientThebesonthewestbankoftheNileinLuxor,amulti-columnsandstonetemple

builttoserveastributetoherpower.Butafterherdeath,hernamewaserasedfromthe

recordsinwhatisbelievedtohavebeenherstepson'srevenge.Shewasoneofthemost

prolificbuilderpharaohsofancientEgypt,commissioninghundredsofprojects

throughoutbothUpperandLowerEgypt.Almosteverymajormuseumintheworld

todayhasacollectionofHatshepsutstatues.

6、WhatdidHawassrevealabouthisteam'sresearchofthemummy?

A、Theybegantobeinterestedinthemummyaboutayearago.

TheyhaveconfirmedmemummyasHatshepsut.

C、Theyunearthedthemummyonlytwomonthago.

D、TheykeepthemummyinthebasemenoftheCairoMuseum.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章开头表明Hawass的团队对外公布他们确认了木乃伊的身份，而

将B和题目中的reveal结合起来也表达了同样的意思，因此本题应选B。

7、TheDiscoveryChannelismostprobablygoingtopublicizethefindingofHawass'

team

A、onaTVprogram.

B、inamagazinearticle.

C、atahistoricalseminar.

D、asaresearchreport.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第4段第2句中的air和documentary都表明探索频道会将研究成果

制作成电视纪录片播出，可见本题应选A。DiscoveryChannel源自于美国，是世界

上发展最迅速的有线电视网络之一，此题可根据常识作答。

8、Themolarfoundinajarisactually

A、thesymboloftheroyalfamily.

BNoneoftheinternalorgans.

C、oneofthemummy'steeth.

D、thecoffininwhichthemummylay.

标准答案：c'.

知识点解析：本题解题的关键是要注意第5段第1-3句中冠词和代词的运用，第5

段第1句中，冠词a表明molar首次提到，第2句开头的k和第3句开头的冠词

the表明it和thetooth指的就是molar,由此可见，本题应选C。

9、OtherEgyptologistswouldmostlikelytoagreethat

A、themummywasamemberofroyalfamily.

B、Hatshepsutpossiblydiedoffataldiseases.

C>DNAtestingisunreliable.

D、Hatshepsufsrelationsarenowheretofind.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第8段最后一句中木乃伊的左手放在胸前，这表示死者生前是皇室成

员，因此，无论最终是否能证明这具木乃伊是否Hatshepsut,现在起码能知道她为

皇室成员，因此A正确。第8段第2句提到那具木乃伊很可能患有糖尿病和肝

癌，这与B中的faialdiseases同义，但其他的埃及学家并不能确定这具木乃伊是不

是Halshepsul,所以，即使那具木乃伊真的死于重病，也不等于Hapshepsul死于重

病，排除B；第9段的notcertain和第10段的cautious都表明埃及学家对于Hawass

的研究结果抱怀疑的态度，但这并不等于DNA测试完全不可靠，C说得太绝对；

D与倒数第7段的内容相反。

10、ItisbelievedthatalltracesotHatshepsutdisappearedafterherreignbecause

A、shewastheonlyfemalepharaohinhistory.

shewasfamousfbrhermercilessrule.

C>ofthesecretlocationofherburialtemple.

D、ofherstepson'sretaliationagainsther.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：原文在第7段第2句就提到了Hatshepsut在统治结束后就销声匿迹

了，但一直到倒数第2段才说到她消失的原因，从该段中的hernamewaserased可

以知道她的销声匿迹是源于她的继子的报复行为，由此可见，本题应选D。

11、HearingaboutHawass'identificationthemummyasHatshepsut,PaulEvansis

A、encouraged.

cautious.

C、arbitrary.

D、proud.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：倒数第6段中的条件从句if...表明PaulEvans还不能完全认可那

具木乃伊就是Hatshepsul,但他也没有对此表示否定，可见他的态度比较谨慎，所

以本题应选B.,从原文可以看出PaulEvans对Hawass的研究没有作iF面的表态，

他既没有表示质疑，也没有表示赞同，因此其他三个选项都不能形容PaulEvans的

态度。

Ablindbabyisdoublyhandicapped.Notonlyisitunabletosee,butbecauseitcannot

receivethevisualstimulusfromitsenvironmentthatasightedchilddoes,itislikelytobe

slowinintellectualdevelopment.Nowtheten-montholdsonofDr.andMrs.Dennis

Daughtersisthesubjectcfanunusualpsychologicalexperimentdesignedtopreventa

laginthelearningprocess.Withtheaidofasonar-typeelectronicthathewearsonhis

head,infantDennisislearningtoidentifythepeopleandobjectsintheworldaroundhim

bymeansofechoes.Thedeviceisarefinementofthe"Sonicguide",aninstrument

producedbyTelesensorySystems,Inc.,ofPaloAko,Calif.,andusedbyblindadultsin

additiontoasaneorguidedog.AsadaptedforDennis,itconsistsofabattery-powered

systemaboutthesizeofahalfdollarthatisonaheadgear.Atransmitteremitsan

ultrasonicpulsethatcreatesan80degreeconeofsoundat6feet.Echoesfromobjects

withintheconeareperceivedassoundsthatvaryinpitchandvolumewiththesizeand

distanceoftheobject.Thecloseranobjectis,thelowerthepitch,andthelargerthe

object,thelouderthesignal.Hardsurfacesproduceasharpping,whilesoftonessend

backsignalswithaslighLyfuzzyquality.AnobjectslightlytotherightofDenny'ssends

backaloudersoundtohisrightearthantotheleft.Thus,bysimplymovinghishead

rightandleftandupanddown,hecannotonlylocateanobjectbutalsogetsomenotion

ofitsshapeandsize,thankstothevaryingqualitiesofsoundsreachinghisearsasthe

coneofultrasoundpassesitsedges.Dennislikestousethedevicetoplayakindofpeek-

a-boowithhismother.Standingonherkneeandfacingherdirectly,hereceivesastrong

signalinbothears.Byturninghisheadaway,hemakesherseemtodisappear."Fromthe

firsttimeheworeit,"saysMrs.Daughters,"itwaslikealightgoingoninhishead."

WhatremainstobedeterminedishowwellthedevicewillhelpDenniscopewithhis

surroundingsashebeginstowalkandventurefurtherintohisenvironment.Meanwhile,

Telesensory,Inc.isworkingonthedevelopmentofsonardevicewithsomewhatthesame

sensitivityasDennis'sforusebyschool-agechildren.

12、Dr.andMrs.Daughters'researchisdirectedto

A、helpingtheblindtoseeandlearnaswellasothers.

B、facilitatingthelearningprocessofblindchildren.

C、solvingblindchildren'spsychologicalproblems.

D^findingouthowchildrendevelopintellectually.

标准答案：R

知识点解析：首段第3句末的不定式topreventalaginthelearningprocess表明了

Daughters夫妇研究的目的，另外，文章一开头就提到了本文讨论的重点是针对

blindbaby的，由此可见，B为本题答案。

13、InfantDennisbecomesthesubjectoftheexperimentmostprobablybecause

A^healreadylagsbehindthesightedchildren.

B、heleadsalifeasnormalasanyotherchildren.

C^heisattheearlystageofthelearningprocess.

D^hehastheaidofasonar-typeelectronicdevice.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：首段首句提到的ablindbaby,第3句提到的len—monthold和末句提

到的infant等词都表明Dennis成为研究对象是因为Daughters夫妇研究的是盲童从

小的学习过程，Dennis年龄很小，正处于学习的最初阶段，符合Daughters夫妇做

研究的条件，因此可推断本题应选C。

14、WhatcanwelearnaboutinfantDennis,device?

Itsprototypewasdesignedforblindadults.

B、Itsbatteryisassmallasahalf-dollarcoin.

C、Itisfunctionallysimilartoasaneandguidedog.

D、IthasbeenimprovedbyTclcscnsorySystems,Inc.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第2段首句中的refinement表明Dennis用的声纳定位仪是改良自

Sonicguidc,也就是说Sonicguidc是Dennis的声纳定位仪的原型，而根据该句对■其

功能的描述可以确定A为本题答案。第2段第2句表明thesizeofahalfdollar是包

含电池在内的整个声纳定位仪的尺寸，而非电池的尺寸，因此B不正确；第2段

首句句末的inadditionto…表明Sonicguide与导盲犬的关系，但是作者并没有在任

何方面对比Dennis的声纳定位仪与导盲犬，C没有原文依据；末段末句中的is

workingon表明对Dennis的声纳定位仪的改良还在进行当中，因此D不正确。

15>Inthe7thlineofthethirdparagraph,"itsedge"refersto

A、theedgeofanobject.

B、theedgeofthedevice.

C、theboundaryofDcnms,movement.

D、theboundaryofthesoundpitch.

标准答案：A'

知识点解析：第3段第4句中的thanks2表明此处解释了Dennis的声纳定位仪的

运作机制，即通过声波带绘物体的形状，该句中ihecone指的就是该定位仪，而

itsedge应指周围物体的边缘，当声波碰到物体的边缘时，就能通过声音描绘出物

体的形状了，因此本题答案应为A。

16、WhatisTelesensorySystems,Inc.mostlikelytothinkaboutinfantDennis'device?

A、Ithadbetterbeusedbyblindchildrenfromschoolage.

B、Itneedsimprovingforuseinacomplicatedenvironment.

C、Itmaynotbesosuitablefortheblindadults.

D、Itbenefitsblindchildrenintermsoflearning.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：从末段末句中的school-agechildren及句中的其他内容可以推断

Telesensory最可能认为Dennis的声纳定位仪有利于儿童的学习过程，因此D为木

题答案。

Northernlightsisthenameofalightphenomenonoftenseeninthenorthernregions.The

lightshavebeenaroundsinceEarthformedanatmosphere—thedinosaurssawit,early

humanssawitandourdescendantswillseeit.Thescientificnameforthephenomenonis

"AuroraBorealis",auroraforshort.Anauroraisasporadic,generallyfaint,atmospheric

phenomenonusuallyseeninthenightskyfromlocationsathighlatitudes.More

commonlyknownasthe"northernlights,"itmayfirstappearasafaint,milkyglowlow

inthenorth,toodimforthehumaneyetodetectanycolorbutbrightenoughtosilhouette

cloudsnearthehorizon.Itmaydevelopintosteadygreenisharcsorformglaring,

swirlingcurtainsofyellow-greenlight.Duringthemostdramaticdisplaysvisiblefrom

regionsatmiddlelatitudes,suchascentralEuropeandtheUnitedStates,acrimsonglow

fillsmuchofthesky.ItwasthisformthatinspiredEuropeanscientistsofthe1600sto

callthephenoineiioiiauroraborealis,literally"northerndawn,"butilalsooccursalhigh

southernlatitudes,whereitisformallycalledauroraaustralis,"southerndawn."Thesame

processesareatworkinbothhemispheres—notjustonEarth,butonotherplanetsas

well—andtoday,scientistssimplyrefertothisphenomenonasanaurora.Theghostly

formsofanauroraincludequiescentpatches,veils,andarcs,andrapidlymovingrays

andcurtains.Manyhistoricalaccountsofthenorthernlightsfromareasfarsouthofits

usuallocationexist.AnearlyChineserecorddescribesitasa"redcloudspreadingall

overthesky."TheRomanphilosopherScnccawrotethatanaurorainA.D.37trickedthe

emperorintosendingtroopstoaidwhathethoughtwastheburningseaportofOstia,

"whentheglowingoftheskylastedthroughagreatpartofthenight,shiningdimlylikea

vastandsmokingfire."In1583,similar"firesintheair"mobilizedthousandsofFrench

pilgrims,whoprayedtoavertthewrathofGod.OnSeptember15,1839,anintense

auroradispatchedfirefightersthroughoutLondon.Whatcausestheshowersofcharged

particlesthatcreatethenorthernlights?Ultimately,thesourceliesinthesolarwind,a

fast-movingstreamofparticlesconstantlyflowingfromtheSunthatcarriestheSun's

magneticfieldoutintospace.Thesolarwind,typicallymovingat250miles(400

kilometers)persecond,flowspastEarth'smagneticfieldandmoldsitintoanelongated

bubbleorcavity,compressingitssunwardsideandstretchingitsnightsidefarbeyond

theMoon'sorbit.Undercertainconditions,thesolarwind'smagneticfieldcanmerge

withEarth's,creatingelectricalcuiTentsthatdriveprotonsandelectronsintothepolar

atmosphere.PowerfuleventsoccurringontheSuncandriveenormouschangesinthe

solarwind,increasingbothitsspeedanddensityandenhancingitseffectonEarth.

17、Accordingtothepassage,anauroracanbeanatmosphericphenomenonEXCEPT

thatisseen

A、inthenightskyathighsouthernlatitudes.

B、inthenightskyathighnorthernlatitudes.

C^ontopofhighmountainsontheEarth.

D^atthesouthernregionsofotherplants.

标准答案：c

知识点。析：第2段介绍了极光的颜色和可看到极光的地方，浏览该段之后就可以

发现C中的highmountains在原文并无提及，因此C为答案。

18、Aurorasthatcanbeseenatmiddlelatituderegions

A^areformedathighlatituderegions.

B、usedtobeknownas"northerndawn".

C、appearmainlyintheshapeofarcsorcuitains.

D^areformedatcentralEuropeortheUnitedStates.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据题干中的middlelalilude定位到第2段第4句。原文该句暗示极

光仍然是在高纬度的地方形成，但当颜色很浓光度很强烈的时候，极光能照亮半边

天空，以至于在中纬度的地方也能看到极光，由此可见，本题应选A。

19、IlhasbeenrecordedthatonceinFrance,thenorthernlightswerebelievedtobe

A、afiresetbytheenemytroops.

punishmenttohumansbyGod.

C^crimeswhichwouldenrageGod.

D^anindicationofthedoomsday.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第3段倒数第2句中的IhewrathofGod常表示“上帝的怒火"，wrath

通常暗示上帝因为愤怒而要惩罚世人，由此可见，本题应选B。本题最具干扰性的

是D,doomsday是“世界末日”的意思，从原文的wraih可以知道上帝将要惩罚世

人，但以什么方式惩罚却是不明确的，D说得过于绝对了。

20Whichofthefollowingelementshasnothingtodowiththeformationoftheaurora?

A、Thesolarwind.

B、TheEarth'satmosphere.

C、TheEarth'smagneticfield.

D、TheMoon'sorbit.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：最后一段第3句提到theMoolsorbit是为了说明太阳风影响地球磁

场的程度和范围，可见月亮的运行轨道与极光的形成没有直接的关系，因此本题应

选D。A和C都在最后一段提及，该段表明这两项是形成极光的要素，从最后一

段我们难以确定是否B（大气）也对极光的形成产生影响，但从第1段第2句可以知

道大气的存在是极光形成的要素之一。

专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷第2套

一、选择题（本题共70题，每题1.0分，共10分。）

AyearhaspassedsinceChile's33trappedminerswerehauledtofreedomintheAtacama

Desert.Byandlarge,it'sbeenarelativelysafeyearinthecountry'smines.Thenumberof

deathsfromminingaccidentshasfallensharply,from27inthefirsthalfof2010to12in

thesameperiodthisyear.Althoughitistooearlytotellhowmuchofthatimprovement

willstick,thedayswhenminingclaimedhundredsofChileanliveseachyearare

thankfullygone.ThegovernmenthasincreasedthenumberofinspectorsatChile'smines

from18atthetimeoflastyear'saccidentto45now.Thoseofficialshavecarriedout

morethan3,800inspectionsinChile's8,000minessofarthisyear.InJulythe

governmentsentadraftbilltoParliamenttooverhaulminesafetyregulation,describing

itasthemostimportantlegislationintheareain30years.Despitethisgoodwork,

however,thereisoneglaringanomalythatneedstobeaddressed;Chilehasyetto

ratify（正式批准）theInternationalLabourOrganisations（ILO）Convention176onmining

safety.Theconventionhasbeenaroundfor13years,andhasbeenadoptedby25

countriesfromAlbaniatoZimbabwe.Itestablishesworkers'rightstorefuseworkthey

considerunsafe,toleaveaminetheyconsiderdangerousandtoelecttheirownhealth

andsafetyrepresentatives.Inthedaysafterlastyear'sremarkablerescueSebastidn

Pihera,thePresident,promisedtoratifytheconvention.Buttodayhisgovernmentstill

seemshesitanttodoso.IthasaskedtheILOformoreinformationonhowthemeasures

wouldaffecttheminingindustry,whichaccountsforaroundafifthofthecountry'sGDP.

Eventhoughall33peopletrappedintheSanJoseminewererescued,lastyearwasstill

thedeadliestinChile'sminesforoveradecade:45minerswerekilledatwork.It'sno

coincidencethatitwasalsotheyearinwhichthecopperpriceaveragedarecordhighof

over$3.40apound($7.50perkg).WhenthepriceofChile'schiefexportishigh,

accidentshappen.That'sbecauseanarmyofpart-time,unsupervisedminers,oftenwith

littleexperience,headou(intotheAtacamaDesertinsearchofthemineral.Minesthat

closedlongagobecausetheywereunprofitablesuddenlyfindtheycanmakemoney

againandreopen,oftenwithnobettersafetystandardsthanwhentheyclosed.The

reverseisalsotrue:whenthecopperpriceislow,theaccidentratefalls.Thesafestyear

inthehistoryofChileanminingwas1999,withjust0.09deathsforeverymillionhours

worked.Thatyearcoppersoldforjust72centsapound.Thisyearcopperhasaveraged

over$4apound.Miningisbooming.AHthemorereason,therefore,toreflectonthe

extraordinaryeventsoflastyearattheSanJosemine,andtoinvestalittlemoreofthe

industry'shandsomeprofitsinsafetyimprovements.

1WecaninferfromParagraph1that.

A^miningaccidentsinChile'sAtacamaDesertclaimed33liveslastyear

B、therehasbeenmuchimprovementinChile'sminingsafetysincelastyear

C^Chileangovernmenthasclosedquiteanumberofpoorly-operatedmines

D^Chileanparliamenthaspassedadraftbillonminingregulations

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推理题。文章第一段首先提到去年的阿塔卡马沙漠矿井事故，接下来

指出这一年是智利矿井相对安全的一年，矿难的死亡人数已从2010年上半年的27

人降到今年同期的12人，可知[B]“自去年以来，智利的采矿安全有了大幅度改善”

为正确答案。[A]“去年发生在智利阿塔卡马沙漠的矿井事故夺去了33人的生命”与

本段第一句提到的智利33名被困阿塔卡马沙漠的矿工成功获救已过去一年相矛

盾，故排除；[C]”智利政府已关闭了不少经营不善的矿井”并未在本段提及，故排

除；本段最后一句提到，今年七月份，智利政府把一项全面改革矿井安全法规的草

案递交给了议会，由此可知，智利政府已就采矿安全问题拟定草案，并递交给议

会，但该草案最终是否通过，在第一段中并未提及，故排除[D]”智利议会通过了政

府递交的矿井监管草案”。

2、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?

A^TheminingindustryoccupiesaminorpartinChile'sGDP.

B、ChileangovernmentshouldthinktwicebeforeratifyingtheILO'sConvention176.

C、SanJose'sminerescueshowsChile'sremarkableprogressinrescuework.

D^It'shightimeChileangovernmenttookmeasurestostrengthenitsminingsafety.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。最后一段最后一句提到，智利政府更有理由将采铜业中的不

菲利润多分出一部分投资在安全设施改善上，由此可知，[D]”现在是智利政府采取

措施加强其采矿安全的时候了”为正确答案。第二段最后一句提到，智利政府要求

国际劳工组织提供更多关于该措施会如何影响采矿业的信息，因为采矿业产值大约

占智利国内生产总值的20%,由此可知，采矿业是智利的重要工业，而[A]“采矿

业在智利国内生产总值中处于一个不重要的位置“陈述错误，故排除；作者在第二

段主要阐述智利政府未批准国际劳工组织关于采矿安全的第176号公约，以及批准

该措施的必要性，而[B]”智利政府在正式批准第176号公约前应该三思而后行”陈

述错误，故排除；作者在第二段第四句用remarkablerescue描述去年阿塔卡马沙漠

被困矿工的营救行动，但作者并未陈述智利如何在营救方面取得进步，［C］陈述错

误，故排除。

3、Theauthor'stoneinwritingthepassageis.

A、criticalandcynical

B、objectiveandurging

C>partialandharsh

D、scientificandindifferent

标准答案：B

知识点解析：念度题。本文开篇点出去年阿塔卡马沙漠和、井事故，介绍并肯定了事

故发生后智利政府采取的一系列提高采矿安全监管的举措；第二段指出，智利政府

迟迟不批准国际劳工组织关于采矿安全的第176号公约，并用事实证明了采取此项

措施的必要性；第三段介绍了智利采矿业的安全局势仍然严峻，并指出采矿事故与

铜的价格变动之间的关系；最后敦促智利政府加大投资以改善采矿业的安全设施。

综上所述，作者陈述了客观事实，并提出自己的建议，言辞客观、恳切，故[B]“客

观的和敦促的''为正确答案。

Ifyouthinkmoneycan'tbuyyoufriends,thinkagain,intheonlineworld,it'spossibleto

purchaseacrowdoffans.Onethousandcostonly$18onaverage,accordingtoestimates

byBarracudaNetworks,anetworksecuritycompany.Yetthesefriendswon'tmeetyou

fbrdrinksafterwork.Infact,theydon'tevenexist.Theyarepixelsonascreen.Alarge

shareofsocial-mediafollowersofthebiggestcompaniesarenothuman,believesMarco

CamisaniCalzolari,anentrepreneurandprofessoratMilan'sILUMUniversity.Ina

recentstudyhequantifiedtheproportionofcomputer-generatedfansorinactiveusers

followingbigbrandsonTwitter.Todecidewhetherafollowerishuman,Mr.Camisani

Calzolariusedvariouscriteria,includingthenumberofpostsfromafan'sTwitter

accountandtheuseofcorrectpunctuationintweets.Accordingtothisresearch,byJune

2011nearlyhalfofTwitterfollowersofcomputermakerDell—about700,000—were

bots.Somepoliticiansalsoseemtohavemanyfakefollowers.MittRomney,theformer

Republicanpresidentialcandidate,becamethefocusofmediaattentionwhenhisTwitter

followingswelledby17%inasingledayinJuly.Oncloseinspection,asignificant

proportionofMr.Romney'sfollowersappearedtobefakeprofiles.InItalyBeppe

Grillo'sFiveStarMovementlostthedrivingforcewhenMr.CamisaniCalzolarimadea

similarclaimaboutthefollowersofthecomedian-turned-politician.Thereisno

indicationthatanyofthecompaniesmentionedinMr.CamisaniCalzolari'spaperhave

boughtfollowers—roguebotsoftenattachthemselvestopeopleandbrandswithout

payment.Butsomefirmsdobuyasocialmediafollowing.Fakeprofilesareatthecenter

ofaveryvibrantandgrowingundergroundeconomy,saysBarracudaNetworks.On

eBay,thee-commercesite,forinstance,thefirm'sresearchershavefound20sellers

offeringtosetupsuchprofiles.Forstart-upsastrungsocialmediaIblluwingcanbuosl

business.Asmallmom-and-popshopstrugglingtosellitsgoodscanlooklikeabooming

upstartthankstoaswollenTwitteraccount,oranartificiallyhighnumberofFacebook

likes.Formajorinternationalcompanies,asmallnumberoffollowersintheearlystages

ofengagementwithsocialmediacanbeembarrassingatbestanddamagingtobrand

perceptionatworst.Buyingcrowdsoffans-eveniftheyaren'tengagedwiththe

brand-cangiveanartificia