专业英语八级模拟试卷51（共313题）

专业英语八级模拟试卷51（共7套）

（共313题）

专业英语八级模拟试卷第1套

一、讲座（本题共75题，每题7.0分，共75分。）

HowtoBondwithYourBossHavingagoodrelationshipwithyourbosshasapositive

impactonyourcareer.AccordingtoresearchersatNYU,[LI]isdirectly

linkedtohisorherrelationshipswithsuperiors.Herearefivestrategies.Beauthenticand

communicatenononsense,no[L2],notiptoeingaroundeachotherbe

willingtogiveandaccept[L3]Takeadvantageofopportunitiestosocialize

attend[L4]arrangedbythecompanyparticipateinofficehappyhours,

holidaypartiesand[L5]rememberaruleofthumb:keep[L6]

light—don't（L7]insidercompanyinformation—don'tbash

anothercoworker—goeasyontheboozeDon'tovcrsharcdon'tovcrsharctidbitsabout

yourownlife—becarefulaboutgettingloofriendly—findthe[L8]

betweenconnectingandsharingFocusonworkfirsideliver[L9]

workearn[LIO]fromyourbossandcolleagueskeep[LI1]

inmindinsteadoftheinitialassignmentThinkabouthowyoucan[L12]

yourbossmakeyourboss'sjobeasierworktowardsthe[L13]of

thecompanybackupthevisionofyourbossbe[L14]—makeyourbosssee

youasapeerratherthananemployeeConclusionBondingwithyourbossplaysalarge

rolein[L15J.Also,itisbeneficialtoyourphysicalandmentalhealth.

1、[LI]

标准答案：employeeproductivity

知识点解析：暂无解析

2、[L2]

标准答案：excuses

知识点解析：暂无解析

3、[L3]

标准答案：constructivecriticism

知识点解析：暂尢解析

4、[L4]

标准答案：（fun）socialevents

知识点解析：暂无解析

5、[L5]

标准答案：sportsleagues

知识点解析：暂无解析

6、[L6]

标准答案：conversationaltopics

知识点解析：的无解析

7、[L7]

标准答案：gofishingfor/fishfor/pryinto

知识点解析：暂无解析

8、[L8]

标准答案：balance

知识点解析：暂无解析

9、[L9]

标准答案：qualiiy

知识点解析：暂无解析

10、[L10]

标准答案：respect

知识点解析：暂无解析

11、[L11]

标准答案：iheendgoal

知识点解析：暂无解析

12、[L12]

标准答案：support

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、[L13]

标准答案：benefits

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、[L14]

标准答案：proactiveandself-sufficient

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、[L15]

标准答案：careersuccess

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、会话（本题共70题，每题1.0分，共70分。）

16、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

17、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

20、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：哲无解析

21、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

22、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

23、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

24、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

25、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

三、选择题(本题共〃题，每题1.0分，共14分。)

PASSAGEONE(I)Hehadscarcelywashedhimself,andmadeeverythinglidy,by

emptying(hebasinoutofthewindow,agreeablytotheJew'sdirections,whenthe

Dodgerrelumed:accompaniedbyaverysprightlyyoungfriend,whomOliverhadseen

smokingonthepreviousnight,andwhowasnowformallyintroducedtohimasCharley

Bates.(2)"Well,"saidtheJew,glancingslylyatOliver,andaddressinghimselftothe

Dodger,"Ihopeyou'vebeenatworkthismorning,mydears?"(3)"Hard,“repliedthe

Dodger.(4)"Asnails,"addedCharleyBates.(5)"Goodboys,goodboys!"saidtheJew.

"Whathaveyougot.Dodger'?"(6)"Acoupleofpocket-books,"repliedthatyoung

gentleman.(7)"Lined?"inquiredtheJew,witheagerness.(8)"Prettywell/'repliedthe

Dodger,producingtwopocket-books;onegreen,andtheotherred.(9)"Notsoheavyas

theymightbe,"saidtheJew,afterlookingattheinsidescarefully;"butveryneatand

nicelymade.Ingeniousworkman,ain'the,Oliver?*'(10)"Veryindeed,sir,'*saidOliver.

AtwhichMr.CharleyBateslaugheduproariously;verymuchtotheamazementof

Oliver,whosawnothingtolaughat,inanythingthathadpassed.(11)"Andwhathave

yougo(,mydear?"saidFagin(oCharleyBates.(12)"Wipes,"repliedMasterBates;at

(hesametimeproducingfourpocket-handkerchiefs.(13)"Well,"saidtheJew,inspecting

themclosely;"they'reverygoodones,very.Youhaven'tmarkedthemwell,though,

Charley;sothemarksshallbepickedoutwithaneedle,andv/e'llteachOliverhowtodo

it.Shallus,Oliver,eh?Ha!Ha!Ha!0(14)"Ifyouplease,sir；'saidOliver.(15)"You'd

liketobeabletomakepocket-handkerchiefsaseasyasCharleyBates,wouldn'tyou,my

dear?"saidtheJew.(16)"Verymuch,indeed,ifyou'llteachme,sir,"repliedOliver.(17)

MasterBatessawsomethingsoexquisitelyludicrousinthisreply,thatheburstinto

anotherlaugh;whichlaugh,meetingthecoffeehewasdrinking,andcarryingitdown

somewrongchannel,verynearlyterminatedinhisprematuresuffocation.(18)"Heisso

jollygreen!"saidCharleywhenherecovered,asanapologytothecompanyforhis

unpolitebehaviour.(19)TheDodgersaidnothing,buthesmoothedOliver'shairoverhis

eyes,andsaidhe'dknowbetter,byandby;uponwhichtheoldgentleman,observing

Oliver'scolourmounting,changedthesubjectbyaskingwhethertherehadbeenmuchof

acrowdat(heexecutionthatmorning.Thismadehimwondermoreandmore;foritwas

plainfromtherepliesofthetwoboysthattheyhadbothbeenthere;andOlivernaturally

wonderedhowtheycouldpossiblyhavefoundtimetobesoveryindustrious.(20)When

thebreakfastwasclearedaway;themerryoldgentlemanandthetwoboysplayedata

verycuriousanduncommongame,whichwasperformedinthisway.Themerryold

gentleman,placingasnuff-bexinonepocketofhistrousers,anote-caseintheother,and

awatchinhiswaistcoatpocket,withaguard-chainroundhisneck,andstickingamock

diamondpininhisshirt:buttonedhiscoattightroundhim,andputtinghisspectacle-case

andhandkerchiefinhispockets,trottedupanddowntheroomwithastick,inimitation

ofthemannerinwhicholdgentlemenwalkaboutthestreetsanyhourintheday.

Sometimeshestoppedatthefire-place,andsometimesatthedoor,makingbelievethat

hewasstaringwithallhismightintoshop-windows.Atsuchtimes,hewouldlook

constantlyroundhim,forfearofthieves,andwouldkeepslappingallhispocketsinturn,

toseethathehadn'tlostanything,insuchaveryfunnyandnaturalmanner,thatOliver

laughedtillthetearsrandownhisface.Allthistime,thetwoboysfollowedhimclosely

about:gettingoutofhissight,sonimbly,everytimeheturnedround,thatitwas

impossibletofollowtheirmotions.Atlast,theDodgertroduponhistoes,orranuponhis

bootaccidently,whileCharleyBatesstumbledupagainsthimbehind;andinthatone

momenttheytookfromhim,withthemostextraordinaryrapidity,snuff-box,note-case,

watch-guard,chain,shirt-pin,pocket-handkerchief,eventhespectacle-case.Iftheold

gentlemanfeltahandinanyoneofhispockets,hecriedoutwhereitwas;andthenthe

gamebeganalloveragain.(21)Whenthisgamehadbeenplayedagreatmanytimes,

CharleyBatesexpressedhisopinionthatitwas(imetopad(hehoof.This,itoccurredto

Oliver,mustbeFrenchforgoingout;fordirectlyafterwards,theDodger,andCharley

wentawaytogether,havingbeenkindlyfurnishedbytheamiableoldJewwithmoneyto

spend.(22)"There,mydear,"saidFagin,"That'sapleasantlife,isn'tit?Theyhavegone

outfortheday."(23)"Havetheydonework,sir?"inquiredOliver.(24)"Yes,"saidthe

Jew,"thatis,unlesstheyshouldunexpectedlycomeacrossany,whentheyareout;and

theywon'tneglectit,iftheydo.mydear,dependuponit.Makethemyourmodels,my

dear.Makethemyourmodels,"tappingthefire-shovelonthehearthtoaddforcetohis

words;"doeverythingtheybidyou,andtaketheiradviceinallmatters—especiallythe

Dodger's,mydear.He'llbeagreatmanhimself,andwillmakeyouonetoo,ifyoutake

patternbyhim.—Ismyhandkerchiefhangingoutofmypocket,mydear?"saidtheJew,

stoppingshort.(25)"Yes,sir,"saidOliver.(26)"Seeifyoucantakeitout,withoutmy

feelingit;asyousawthemdo.whenwewereatplaythismorning."(27)Oliverheldup

(hebottomofthepocketwithonehand,ashehadseentheDodgerholdit,anddrewthe

handkerchieflightlyoutofitwiththeother.(28)MIsitgone?"criedtheJew.(29)"Hereit

is,sir,"saidOliver,showingitinhishand.(30)"You'reacleverboy,mydear,"said(he

playfuloldgentleman,pattingOliveron(heheadapprovingly."Ineversawasharperlad.

Here'sashillingforyou.Ifyougoon,inthisway,you'llbethegreatestmanofthetime.

Andnowcomehere,andI'llshowyouhowtotakethemarksoutofthehandkerchiefs."

(31)Oliverwonderedwhatpickingtheoldgentleman'spocketinplay,hadtodowithhis

chancesofbeingagreatman.But,thinkingthattheJew,beingsomuchhissenior,must

knowbest,hefollowedhimquietlytothetable,andwassoondeeplyinvolvedinhisnew

study.

26Whatdoes"Asnails"(Para.4)probablymeanaccordinglothecontext?

标准答案：B

知识点解析：语义理解题。“Asnails”是对第二段中犹太佬提出的“今天早上你们干

活儿了，是吗?”的问答，应该是说明“干活儿''的状态，可先排除不符合此场景的

Co在第三段中机灵鬼的回答是“Hard”,而查理.贝兹的回答是接着机灵鬼的话，

hardasnails的字面意思是“毫不留情地，强硬地”，此处引申为“偷窃时亳无畏惧”，

故B为答案。

27WhydidBateslaughatOliver'sanswering"Veryindeed"(Para.10)?

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推理判断题。根据题干定位至第十段，该段是对上一段中犹太佬提出

的问题给出的回答。犹太佬问奥立弗机灵鬼是不是一个聪明的伙计，奥立弗十分认

真地回答说,,的确如此“，他不知道东西是偷来的，当成是机灵鬼做的，而后文第十

八段中查理也说他“嫩得可笑”，这些惯偷是在嘲笑他太天真，故C为答案。犹太

佬并非问奥立弗东西做工如何，故排除A：B和D所述内容在文中没有依据，故

也排除。

28、WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTusedliterally?

标准答案：D

知识点解析：语义理解题。根据各选项定位至相应的段落。第十三段中，费金说要

用针将手帕上的标记挑掉，可见needle在此处是其字面意思，故排除A；第十七

段提到，咖啡走岔了道，channel在此处也是其字面意思，故排除B；第十九段中

的colour指的是奥立弗的脸色，也是其字面意思，故排除C；第二十一段中的

hoof原指“蹄子”，在这里说的是人，可见不是其字而意思，故D为答案。

29>AccordingtothedescriptioninPara.20,thegameplayedbytheJewandthetwo

boyswasactually

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推理判断题。根据题干定位至第二十段。该段介绍了费金和两个男孩

玩的游戏，他自己假扮成一个老绅士，第四句提到他还时不时装作防贼，第六句提

到两个男孩想方设法从他那里偷到东西，不让他察觉，可知他们的这个游戏是在练

习偷东西，故A为答案。

30>Olivercontinuedhisnewstudywithoutdoubtsbecausehe.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实细节题。根据题干定位至最后一段。奥立弗之所以顺从地开始

“新的学业”，是因为他认为费金比自己年长很多，一定懂得更多。换言之，他听从

费金是出于对有经验的长者的信任，故D为答案。由本段第一句可知，奥立弗不

知道当大人物跟刚才游戏看到的这些东西有什么关系，因此A和B不符合题意，

故排除；文中并没有提到奥立弗是否喜欢这个游戏，他只是觉得费金的表演很好

笑，故排除C。

PASSAGETWO(I)Why,despitethecoronaviruspandemic,housepricescontinueto

rise?(2)Duringtheglobalrecessionadecadeago,realhousepricesfellbyanaverageof

10%,wipingtrillionsofdollarsofftheworld'slargestassetclass.Thoughthehousing

markethasnotbeenthetriggerofeconomicwoesthistime,investorsandhomeowners

stillbracedfortheworstasitbecameclearthatCOVID-19wouldpushtheworld

economyintoitsdeepestdownturnsincetheDepressionofthe1930s.(3)Thatpessimism

nowlooksmisplaced.Housepricespickedupinmostmiddle-andhigh-incomecountries

inthesecondquarter.Intherichworldtheyroseatanannualrateof5%.Sharepricesof

developersandproperty-tradersfellbyaquarterintheearlyphaseofthepandemic,but

haverecoveredmuchofthefall(4)Somemarketsarefizzing.InAugusthousepricesin

Germanywere11%higherthantheyearbefore;rapidgrowthinSouthKoreahas

promptedtheauthoritiestotightenrestrictionsonbuyers.InAmericagrowthinthe

medianpricepersquaretootacceleratedmorequicklyinthesecondquarterof2020than

inanythree-monthperiodinihelead-uptothefinancialcrisisof2007-09.Threefactors

explain(hisstrength:monetarypolicy,fiscalpolicyandbuyers'changingpreferences.(5)

Considermonetarypolicyfirst.Centralbankersaroundtheworldhavecutpolicyratesby

twopercentagepointsonaveragethisyear,reducingthecostofmortgageborrowing.

Americanscantakeouta30-ycarfixed-ratemortgageatanannualinterestrateofjust

2.9%,downfrom3.7%atthebeginningoftheyear.Studiessuggestastronglink

betweenfallingrealinterestratesandhigherhouseprices.Someborrowerscanaffordto

takeoutbiggermortgages;othersfinditeasiertomanagetheirexistingloans.Landlords

arewillingtopaymoreforproperty,becauseyieldsonotherassetshavedropped.Inboth

AmericaandBritain,mortgagelendingisrunningatpost-financial-crisishighs.(6)That

isnottosaythatithasbecomeeasierfbreveryonetoborrow.Infact,obtaininga

mortgagehasbecomeharderformany.Brokers,fearfulofthelong-termeconomic

impactofCOVID19.havepulledbackonriskierlending.Britishbanks,forinstance,are

offeringfewerhigh-loan-to-incomemortgages.InAmericafewloanofficersalbanks

saidtheyweretighteninglendingstandardsbeforethepandemic;now60%do.In

contrastwithpreviousperiodsofstronghouse-pricegrowth,thereislittleevidenceoflax

lendingstandards.(7)Fiscalpolicy,thesecondfactor,maythereforebemoreimportant

inexplainingbuoyantprices.Inanormalrecession,aspeoplelosejobsandtheirincomes

fall,foreclosuresdraghousepricesdown—notonlybyaddingtothesupplyofhouseson

themarket,butalsobyleavingex-homc-owncrswithablemishontheircredithistory,

makingitharderforthemtoborrowagain.Butthistimegovernmentsinrichcountries

havepreservedhouseholds'incomes.Handoutsthroughwagesubsidies,furlough

schemesandexpandedwelfarebenefitsamountto5%ofGDP.Inthesecondquarterof

theyearhouseholds'disposableincomesintheG7groupoflargeeconomieswereabout

$100bnhigherthan(heywerebeforethepandemic,evenasjobsdisappearedby(he

millions.(8)Othermeasuresdirectlysupport(hehousingmarket.Spain,fbrinstance,has

allowedborrowerstosuspendtheirmortgagerepaymenls.Japan'sregulatorshaveasked

bankstodeferprincipalrepaymenlsonmortgages,and(heNetherlandstemporarily

bannedforeclosures.Inthesecondquarterthenumberofowner-occupiedmortgaged

propertiesthatwererepossessedinBritainwas93%lowerihzninthesameperiodin

2019,theresultofpoliciesthatdissuaderepossessions.InAirericaforeclosures,asa

shareofallmortgages,areattheirlowestlevelsince1984.(9iThethirdfactorbehindthe

unlikelyglobalhousingboomrelatestochangingconsumerpreferences.In2019

householdsinthemedianOECDcountrydevoted19%ofspendingtohousingcosts.

Withafifthofofficeworkerscontinuingtoworkfromhome,manypotentialbuyersmay

wanttospendmoreonanicerplacetolive.Alreadythereisevidencethatpeoplearc

upgradingtheirhouseholdappliances.(10)Peoplealsoseemtobelookingformore

space—which,allelsebeingequal,raiseshouseprices.ThoughtheNewYorkandSan

Franciscohousingmarketslookweak,thereislittlewiderevidencetosupporttheidea

(hatpeoplearefleeingcitiesfbrthesuburbs,atleastinAmerica.DatafromZillow,a

housingmarketplace,suggesturbanandsuburbanpropertypricesarerisingatroughly

(hesamepace;pricegrowthin(hetrulyget-away-from-il-allareasisactuallyslowing.Il

seemsmorelikelythatpeoplearelookingfbrbiggerhousesnearwheretheyalreadylive.

InBritainpricesofdetachedhousesarerisingatanannualrateof4%,comparedwith

0.9%forflats,andthemarketforhomeswithgardensislivelierthanforthosewithout.

(11)Canhousepricescontinuetheirupwardmarch?Governmentsareslowlywinding

downtheireconomic-rescueplans,andnooneknowswhatwillhappenoncesupport

ends.Butlowerdemandforhousingmayrunupagainstlowersupply.Highlevelsof

economicuncertaintydeterinvestment;inAmericahousebuildinghasfallenby17%

sinceCOVID-19struck.Theexperienceofthelastrecessionsuggeststhatevenwhenthe

economyrecovers,constructionlagsbehind.Itmaytakemorethanthedeepestdownturn

sincetheDepressiontoshakethehousingmarket'sfoundations.

31、TheDepressionofthe1930sismentionedinPara.2inorderto.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推理判断题。根据题干定位至第二段最后一句。该句说，投资者和业

主们对房地产市场已经做好了最坏的打算，因为他们觉得新冠肺炎会把世界经济推

入自上世纪30年代大萧条以来最严重的衰退之中。之后第三段首句则说，这种悲

观情绪似乎不合时宜，可知作者提及上世纪30年代的大萧条是为了解释人们为何

会有悲观情绪，故C为答案。作者在此处并没有做出对房地产市场的判断，故排

除A：第二段还没有提到房价的涨跌问题，故排除B；本文没有分析世界经济的下

行问题，故排除D。

32>InPara.4,theword"fizzing"probablymeans.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：语义理解题。该词出现在第四段第一句。之前的第三段中讲到疫情对

房地产市场的影响并不像人们想象得那么严重，该词所在句是第四段的主题句，该

段以几个国家为例说明房地产市场势头强劲，可知该词的意思是“有活力的”，故A

为答案。其余三项均表达负面含义，与本段后面的内容不符，故排除。

33、Aboutmortgageborrowing,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

标准答案：A、」

知识点解析：事实细节题。根据题干关键词mortgageborrowing定位至第五段第二

句。该句指出，由于央行下调政策利率，抵押贷款的成本降低了。第五句指出，借

款人可以承担更大的抵押贷款，而其他借款人则发现管理现有贷款更容易了。综合

两处信息可知，借贷者的压力会减轻，A表述符合原文，故为答案。B与第六段首

句相矛盾，故排除；C在原文中没有依据，故排除：从第六段可知，一些银行提高

了贷款的门槛，但不等同于借贷总量减少，故排除D。

34、AllofthefollowingmeasurescanboostthehousingmarketEXCEPT.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实细节题。根据题干关键词boostthehousingmarket定位至第四

段。该段举例说明了世界房地产市场与预期不同，表现出活跃和强劲的势头，最后

一句明确指出导致房地产市场势头强劲的三个因素，根据后文第六至八段，A符合

原文所述的货币政策因素，B和C符合财政政策因素，故均排除，而D所说的增

加房产供给在原文中没有提及，故为答案。

35、Theauthorseemstopredictthathousepricesmay.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推理判断题。根据题干定位至文章最后一段。作者在该段首句提出房

价是否会持续上涨的问题，并在其后进行了分析。作者认为，尽管政府的经济救助

会逐渐结束，但房产供给可能也会减少，鼓后两句更是借过去的经验指出，经济衰

退还不能动摇房地产市场的根基，可见作者认为房地产市场的前景是乐观的，故B

为答案。

PASSAGETHREE(1)InthenorthernItaliancityofTreviso,aPolishpianist,Slawomir

Zubrzycki,sitsdownataninstrumentthatresemblesaharpsichordandstartspumpinga

pedalwithhisrightfoot.Ashishandsfloatoverthekeyboard,thesoundreachinghis

audienceisassingularasitisbeautiful:simultaneouslyreminiscentoftheharpsichord,

organandastringquartet.TheinstrumentisbasedonsketchesLeonardodaVincimade

inhisnotebooksofa"violaorganista"with(hedreamofsimulatingaviolaensemble(hat

couldbeplayedfromakeyboard.Hittingoneormorekeysbringsthesamenumberof

stringsinsidethecasingimocontactwithoneoffourbow-wheelsspunby(hepedal.(2)

Mr.Zubrzycki'sconcertwasamong(hemoreunusualcommemorationsofthe500th

anniversaryofdaVinci'sdeath,whichfallsonMay2nd.Itwasalsoareminderthat,even

inanageofpolymaths,thebreadthoftheTuscanmaster'sinterestswasexceptional.It

encompassednotonlypainting,architecture,mathematics,engineeringandnumerous

branchesofscience,butmusictoo."Howmanyspecialistswouldweneedtodayto

attemptLeonardo'sresearches?*'asksMartinKemp,emeritusprofessorofthehistoryof

artatOxfordUniversity."Atleast13.Maybemore."(3)Likemanyanautodidact,da

Vinciwaslongoninquisitivenessbutshortonintellectualself-discipline.Hehad

astonishingpowersofobservation,anextraordinarytalentformakingconnections

betweendifferentareasofknowledge,areadinesstochallengecontemporarybeliefsand

anuncannyabilitytoanticipatefuturediscoveries.Buthislifeyieldedanendless

successionofuntestedcontraptions,unpublishedstudiesandunfinishedartworks.(4)

Anniversariesarenormallyopportunitiesforreappraising(helegacyofthegreatmanor

womanconcerned.DaVinci'shighlightsthefactthat,outsidethefieldofpainting,his

legacy—asdistinctfromhisgenius—wasmodest.Hehadbrilliantintuitionsinfieldsas

diverseasanatomyandhydraulics,butbecausehefailedtopublishhistheoriesand

findings,hundredsofyearsweretopassbeforetheywerediscoveredbysomeoneelse.

(5)Evenhisartisticoeuvre,thoughsublime,isminute.Fewerthan20finishedworksare

generallyattributedtodaVinci.Hefailedtocompletesomeofhismostimportant

commissionssuchasthe"AdorationoftheMagi".Hisill-fatedexperimentationwith

materialsruinedothers,including"TheLastSupper".Hcnccthepaucityofexhibitions

devotedtohisartinwhatshouldbehisyearofyears.Florenceiscommemoratinghim

withashowdevotedtohismaster,Verrocchio.(6)Bornin1452,thesonofanotaryand

apeasantwoman,daVincihadalonelychildhoodand—probablyleft-handed—grewup

somethingofamisfit.HespentmuchofhislifeoutsidehisnativeTuscanyinMilan,

RomeandfinallyFranceastheguestofKingFrancisI.HediedatAmboisein1519.(7)

Suchisthestatushehasacquiredasthedefinitive,universalgeniusthatthefew

questionsraisedinhisquincentenaryyeararebeingputalmostsurreptitiously,asina

showattheScuderiedelQuirinaleinRomethatlargelycomprisesmodelsbasedonda

Vinci'sdesigns.Itopenswithadisplayoftreatisesandoftenexquisitedrawingsbyother

Tuscanartist-engineers,includingFrancescodiGiorgioMartini,thatshowdaVinciwas

farfromuniqueincombiningtechnologywithpainting—andthatsomeofhispeers

managedtogetalotmorebuiltorprintedthanhedid.(8)Paradoxically,themostdirect

applicationsofdaVinci'sresearchesoutsideartarctobefoundwithinhisart.His

understandingofphysics,botanyandgeologyvastlyenhancedhispaiming.Hisstudyof

lightenabledhimtodevelopsfumato,thetechniquethatgivestheoutlinesofhissubjects

theirnaturallyundefinedquality."Andifhehadn'tstudiedanatomy,hewouldn'thave

beenabletopaintthemostenigmaticsmileinthehistoryofpainting,"saysFiorenzo

Galli,thedirector-generaloftheLeonardodaVinciNationalMuseumofScienceand

TechnologyinMilan.(9)The"MonaLisa"hasbecometheworld'sbest-knownpainting.

DaVinci's"VitruvianMan"istheworld'sbest-knowndrawing.Doesthatmakehimthe

greatestartistintheWesterntradition?EvenProfessorKemp,whohasspentalifetime

studyingdaVinci'sachievements,hesitatestogothatfar,stressinginsteadtheTuscan

master'shugeinfluenceonotherpainters."Ifyouwerelookingfbrsomeonewhodidas

muchtodivertthestreamofart,thenyouwouldhavetokeepsearchinguntilyoucameto

Picasso,"hesays.DaVincirevolutionizedMadonnaandChildcompositions,andaltered

(heportrayalofnarrativesubjectsandthewayportraitswerecomposed.JonathanNelson,

whoteachesarthistoryatSyracuseUniversityinFlorence,notesthathewasalsothefirst

artisttogivewomenrealisticbodies"withanatomicallyidentifiablemusculature,but

lookingsoftandfeminine".(10)ThenotionthatdaVincistandsalongsideMichelangelo

andRaphaelattheverypinnacleofartisticachievementisnonethelessrelativelymodern.

Untilwellintothe19thcentury,hewasseenasagenius,butonalevelbelowtheothers.

AsDonaldSassoon,aBritishhistorian,hasrecountedinhisbook,"BecomingMona

Lisa",publishedin2001,itwasanti-clericalFrenchhistorianswhoinitiatedthe"cultof

Leonardo",seeinginhimanallyinthefightagainstreligiousobscurantism:"Hewasnot

afraidtodissectcorpses;hedidnotpainthalosonhisreligiousfigures...UnlikeRaphael

andMichelangelo,hewasnevertheservantofpopes.HeputManatthecentreof

creation."(11)Thoseandotherfactorshaveendearedhimtoawider,contemporary

public.DaVinciabhorredtheslaughterofanimalsandwasprobablyavegetarian.He

satisfiesihemodernrequirementforartislstobeoutsiderswithaneccentricstreak.And

hiscreativerecordchimesperfectlywiththespiritofanagethattolerates,even

venerates,unfinishedwork—allthemoresoifiliscryptic.Surveyingtheeventsthisyear

tocelebratedaVinci'sgenius.ProfessorNelsonsays"Ithinktheseshowstellusmore

aboutusthanabouthim."

36、Bydescribingthesceneofthe500thanniversary,theauthorsuggeststhat.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推理判断题。根据题干关键词［he500lhanniversary定位至第二段首

句，并回溯至第一段。该段描写了纪念达.芬奇逝世500周年活动的现场，而重点

是突出一件由达・芬奇设计的巧妙的乐器。第二段第二句指出，达.芬奇的兴趣之广

超乎常人，可见描写这个场面是为了突出达.芬奇的兴趣不限于绘画领域，故答案

为B,原文没有提及达.芬奇刻意隐藏自己的特殊技能，故排除A；作者没有比较

达・芬奇在音乐和绘画方面的成就孰轻孰重，故C不符合原文；尽管在第二段中作

者提到达.芬奇的兴趣广泛，第一段中描写的场面只涉及音乐领域，不能看出他对

很多不同的领域均有研究，故排除D。

37AllofthefollowingphrasescanbeusedtodepictdaVinciEXCEPT________.

标准答案：A、

知识点解析：事实细节题。对达・芬奇特点的概括主要出现在第三段。其中第一、

二句提到，他求知欲极强，观察力惊人，可知B和C是对其特点的正确概括；该

段最后一句指出，达・芬奇一生创造出很多新奇玩意儿，可知他富有创意，D也是

对其特点的概括。A所说的特点在原文中没有明确依据，故为答案。

38、ConcerningthecommentondaVinciinPara.9,whichofthefollowingdocs

ProfessorKempprobablyagreewith?

标准答案：D--

知识点解析：推理判断题。根据题干中的人名关键词定位至第九段。该段第三句提

出了“达・芬奇是否是西方历史上最伟大的艺术家?”这一问题，随后的两句指出，研

究达・芬奇成就的坎普教授评价说，达.芬奇对其他画家影响巨大，并且在改变艺术

潮流方面的成就与毕加索相当，该段后半部分还具体介绍了达-芬奇在绘画手法方

面的创新，这与D表述一致，故为答案.该段第四句说，坎普并不敢对前一句的

问题做出直接肯定的回答，可知A不符合原文；影响画家并不等同于引领他们，

故B不准确；C是对本段第五句的曲解，原句的意思是后来的画家中只有毕加索在

改变艺术潮流方面可与达.芬奇比肩，而不是说两人艺术成就相同，故也排除。

39、Whatisthetoneoftheauthorinthispassage?

标准答案：C

知识点解析：观点态度题。解答本题应综合全文信息。作者以纪念达.芬奇逝世500

周年音乐会现场的描写开篇，对这位伟大艺术家的特点和在多个领域的成就进行了

详细介绍与评述，尽管引用了多位专家对达.芬奇艺术成就的评价，但作者并没有

表露自己的观点，只是在客观地讲行介绍，故本题答案为C。

四、简答题(本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分。)

PASSAGEONE

40HowwouldyousummarizeOliver'spersonalitytraits?

标准答案：Naive,bright,obedientandearnest.

知识点解析：本题需要结合全文信息概括奥立弗的性格特点。从两个行窃归来的男

孩“展示成果”到观看他们练习偷窃的游戏，奥立弗始终不明白他们是小偷，可见他

缺乏社会经验，十分天真；虽然一开始并没有参与费金等人的游戏，但奥立弗还是

很快学会从费金口袋里掏出手帕，又不被察觉，连黄金都夸他聪明；尽管不知道练

习他看到的这些游戏会有什么用，但他还是听从费金的话去练习，可知他是个听话

顺从的孩子；而他一旦开始“学习”就十分专心，可知他是个认真的人，故答案为

“Naive,bright,obedientandearnest.

41、Whatdoes"agreatman'saidbyFaginactuallyreferto(Para.24)?

标准答案：Askilledthief.

知识点解析：根据题干信息定位至第二十四段。费金第一次提到agrealman是说

机灵鬼，要奥立弗跟他学，这样他也能成为greatman,而说到此处，他就开始教

奥立弗偷窃的“技巧”，可见他所说的agreatman就是“惯偷，熟练的窃贼”，故答案

为“Askilledthief.皇

PASSAGETWO

42>Whatdoestheword"they"in"(hantheywerebefore(hepandemic1'referto(Para.

7)?

标准答案：Households'disposableincomesintheG7groupoflargeeconomics.

知识点解析：根据题干定位至第七段最后一句。本题考查代词的指代内容，本句是

一个比较句，they所指代的内容应该是连词than之前的比较主体，也就是由大型

经济体组成的七山集团各成员国的家庭可支配收入，故答案为“Households'

disposableincomesintheG7groupoflargeeconomies.

43、Accordingtotheauthor,whatmaymotivatepeopletobuyhousesduringthe

coronaviruspandemic?

标准答案：Theirpursuitofalargerandnicerhouse.

知识点解析：根据题干定位至第九、十段。作者在这两段分析了消费者在疫情期间

购买房产的个人因素，第九段第三句指出，人们要继续居家办公，因此可能想要购

买更舒适的房屋居住，第十段首句指出人们似乎在寻找更大的空间，综合两处信息

可知，人们购买房产的个人原因是追求更大、更舒适的住所，故答案为“Their

pursuitofalargerandnicerhouse.

44、Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

标准答案：Threefactorsboostingglobalhousingmarket.

知识点解析：解答本题需综合全文信息。文章以一个问句开篇，表明疫情当前，房

价还在上涨，随后指出这种现象与人们的预期有所不同，并通过列举各国房地产数

据说明房地产市场势头强劲，第四段最后一句指出这种强劲势头源于三大因素，第

五至十段分析了这三个因素，最后一段总结全文，预测房地产市场的活力将会持

续，可知文章主要围绕助推世界房地产市场的三个因素展开，故答案为“Three

factorsboostingglobalhousingmarket.

PASSAGETHREE

45、WhatdoesFiorenzoGalliemphasizebysaying"...ifhehadn'tstudiedanatomy,he

wouldn'thavebeenabletopaintthemostenigmaticsmilein