专业英语八级模拟试卷43（共373题）

专业英语八级模拟试卷43（共9套）

（共373题）

专业英语八级模拟试卷第1套

一、听力复合式听写（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共

70分。）

MarriageinAncientEgyptTheancientEgyptiansheldmarriageasasacredbond.Each

personinafamilyplayedhisorherownrole.Marriageandaclosefamilyplayedan

[1]roleinancientEgypt.TheancientEgyptianswereencouragedtomarry

youngbecausethe[2]atthistimewasrelativelyshort.Oneofthemost[3]

tidesyoucouldcallyourlovewas"brother"ornsistern,thoughmarriagebetween

siblingswasnotacommonphenomenon.WeddingDay:Thebridemerelymovedher

belongingsintothehomeofherhusband.Thoughtherewasnoofficialceremony,there

wereboundtobe[4]in-honoroftheunitingcouple.Beforethe26thdynasty

whenagirlwasgoingtoenterintoamarriage,herfatherhadthe[5]Marriage

Contract:Marriagesettlementsweredrawnupbetweenawoman'sfatherandherfuture

husband.Itssolepurposewastoestablishtherightsofbothpartiesto[6]and

possessionsduringthemarriageandafterdivorce.Thefinishedcontractwasgiventoa

thirdpartyfor【7】.Duetothecontractsystemthatprovidedsuchfar-reaching

safeguardsforthe[8]rightsofwivesandchildrenthatmostmencouldonly

affordonewifeatatime.DuringtheearlyperiodsofancientEgypt,thefurtherhusband

madeapaymenttothebride'sfather.Laterthispracticeabandonedandlateritwas

[9]Divorce:Awomancoulddivorceherhusbandformentalorphysicalcruelty

oradultery.Withthe[10]ofmarriageanddivorceandthefinancialprotection,

shegenerallyreceiveddivorce.

1、[1]

标准答案：integral

知识点解析：暂无解析

2、[2]

标准答案：lifespan

知识点解析：暂无解析

3、［3］

标准答案：affectionate

知识点解析：暂无解析

4、［4］

标准答案：familycelebrations

知识点解析：暂无解析

5、［5］

标准答案：mainsay

知识点解析：暂无解析

6、［6］

标准答案：maintenance

知识点解析：暂无解析

7、［7］

标准答案：safekeeping

知识点解析：暂无解析

8、［8］

标准答案：material

知识点解析：暂无解析

9、［9］

标准答案：reversed

知识点解析：暂无解析

10、［101

标准答案：ease

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、听力对话组题（本题共5题，每题L0分，共5

分。）

11、Whoisnotqualifiedtousethelibrary?

A、post-graduatestudents

B、senioruniversitystudents

C、professionals

D、teachersofhistory

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

12、WhichofthefollowingthingsisNOTincludedintheprocessofapplicationfor

membership?

A^Fillinanapplicationform.

BNGettheapplicationformstampedatone'sworkunit.

C、Payadeposit.

D、Paylibraryfee.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、The[oiallibraryfeeforaforeignsnideminhisihree-yearpost-graduaieprogramis

A、150yuan

B、50yuan

C^30yuan

D、10yuan

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、Theutmostnumberofbooksonecanborrowatalimeis.

A、six

B、five

C、four

D、three

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、Thevideooneborrowedmustbereturned.

A^withinamonth

B、withintwoweeks

C、withinoneweek

D^withinfivedays

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

三、听力新闻（本题共2题，每题1.0分，共2分。）

16、RabbiMichaelStrassfeldsaysthatoneshouldbegrateful,

A、wheneverythinggoessmoothly

B、whenthesunstandsstill

C^forpeople'sappreciation

D、fbreverydayaspectsoflife

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

17、WhenatraditionalJewblessesGodas,'thetrueJudge**athearingsomeone'sdeath,

he.

A、isacknowledgingthatdeathispartoflife

B、ishappythathisenemyfinallydied.

C>thinksthatdeathisablessing

D^Godisgoodtothatperson.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

四、常规阅读理解（本题共4题，每题上0分，共4

分。）

Educatorsareseriouslyconcernedaboutthehighrateofdropoutsamongthedoctorsof

philosophycandidatesandtheconsequentlossoftalenttoanationinneedofPh.D.s.

Somehaveplacedthedropouts'lossashighas50percent.Theextentofthelosswas,

however,largelyamatterofexpertguessing.Lastweekawell-roundedstudywas

published.Itwaspublished.Itwasbasedon22,000questionnairessenttoformer

graduatestudentswhowereenrolledin24universitiesanditseemedtoshowmanypast

fearstobegroundless.Thedropoutsratewasfoundtobe31percent,andinmostcases

thedropouts,whilenotcompletingthePh.D.requirement,wentontoproductivework.

Theyarenotonlydoingwellfinancially,but,accordingtothereport,arenotfarbelow

theincomelevelsofthosewhowentontocompletetheirdoctorates.Discussingthe

studylastweek,Dr.Tuckersaidtheprojectwasinitiated"becauseoftheconcern

frequentlyexpressedbygraduatefacultiesandadministratorsthatsomeoftheindividuals

whodroppedoutofPh.D.programswerecapableofcompletingtherequirementforthe

degree.AttritionatthePh.D.levelisalsothoughttobeawasteofpreciousfacultytime

andadrainonuniversityresourcesalreadybeingusedcocapacity.Somepeople

expressedtheopinionthattheshortageofhighlytrainedspecialistsandcollegeteachers

couldbereducedbypersuadingthedropoutstoreturntograduateschoolstocompleiethe

Ph.D.""Theresultsofourresearch"Dr.Tuckerconcluded,"didnotsupportthese

opinions."Lackofmotivationwastheprincipalreasonfordroppingout.Mostdropouts

wentasfarintheirdoctoralprogramaswasconsistentwiththeirlevelsofabilityor（heir

specialties.Mostdropoutsarenowengagedinworkconsistentwiththeireducationand

motivation.Nearly75percentofthedropoutssaidtherewasnoacademicreasonfortheir

decision,butthosewhomentionedacademicreasoncitedfailuretopassthequalifying

examination,uncompletedresearchandfailuretopasslanguageexams.Amongthe

singlemostimportantpersonalreasonsidentifiedbydropoutsfornon-completionoftheir

Ph.D.program,lackoffinanceswasmarkedby19percent.Asanindicationofhowwell

thedropoutsweredoing,achartshowed2%inhumanitieswerereceiving$20,000and

moreannuallywhilenoneofthePh.D.swiththatbackgroundreachedthisfigure.The

Ph.D.sshoneinthe$7,500to$15,000bracketwith78%atthatlevelagainst50%for

thedropouts.Thismayalsobeanindicationofthefactthattopsalariesintheacademic

fields,wherePh.D.stendtorisetothehighestsalaries,arestilllaggingbehindother

fields.Astothepossibilityofgettingdropoutsbackoncampus,theoutlookwasglum.

Themainconditionwhichwouldhavetoprevailforatleast25%ofthedropoutswho

mightconsiderreturningtograduateschoolwouldbetoguaranteethattheywouldretain

theirpresentlevelofincomeandinsomecasestheirpresentjob.

18、Theauthorstatesthatmanyeducatorsfeelthat.

A、stepsshouldbetakentogetthedropoutsbacktocampus

B、thedropoutsshouldreturntoalowerqualityschooltocontinuetheirstudy

C、thePh.D.holderisgenerallyabetteradjustedpersonthanthedropout

D、thehighdropoutsrateislargelyattributabletothelackofstimulationonthepartof

facultymembers

标准答案：A

知识点解析：许多教育工作者都感到应采取步骤让辍学者回校学习，特别是有些学

科。这在第三段最后一句话：“有些人建议高级专家和大学教师短缺的现象可以通

过劝说辍学者返回校园完成博士学位来减少。”

19、Researchhasshownthat.

A、dropoutsaresubstantiallybelowPh.D.sinfinancialattainment

B、theincentivefactorisaminoroneinregardtopursuingPh.D.studies

C、thePh.D.candidateislikelytochangehisfieldofspecializationifhedropsout

D、aboutone-thirdofthosewhostartPh.D.workdonotcompletetheworktoearnthe

degree

标准答案：D

知识点解析：约三分之一开始就读博士学位的人没有完成学业取得学位。第二段第

一句：“辍学率为31%。大多数情况下，辍学人没有完成博士学位的学业，就去从

事生产性的工作”。答案A说辍学者的经济收入比博士生低许多。这是错的。见倒

数第二段：”作为辍学者干得真不错的证明，统计图表说明2%人文学科的辍学者

年收入为20000多美金，没有一个同样背景的博士生达到了这个数字。7000至

15000美元年收入水平为博士生的78%,辍学者仅为50%。”

20、MeetingforeignlanguagerequirementsforthePh.D..

A^isthemostfrequentreasonfordroppingout

B、ismoredifficultforthesciencecandidatethanforthehumanitiescandidate

C、isanessentialpartofmanyPh.D.programs

D、doesnotvaryindifficultyamonguniversities

标准答案：C

知识点解析：博士生应达到外语要求的水平是许多博士生课程的一个基本组成部

分。这在第四段中有所表示：“约75%的退学者说，他们决定退学并不是出于学术

的原因，而出于学术原因的退学者提出：难以通过资格考试，难以完成研究，通不

过外语考试从这里看出外语是博士生课程的基本组成部分。

21、Afterreadingthearticle,onewouldrefrainfromconcludingthat.

A、optimismreignsinregardtogettingPh.D.dropoutstoreturntotheirpursuitofthe

degree

aPh.D.dropout,byandlarge,doesnothavewhatittakestolearnthedegree

C、collegesanduniversitiesemployasubstantialnumberofPh.D.dropouts

D、D.Ph.D.sarenotearningwhattheydeserveinnonacademicpositions

标准答案：A^

知识点解析：读完这篇文章，人们不会有这种结论。这在第三段末和最后一段中均

有提到。第三段末：“我们研究的结果并不支持这些意见（包括返回校园的意见）：

⑴缺乏动力是退学的主要原因。（2）大多数退学者在博士课程上已经达到和他们的

能力水平和专业水平相一致的水平。（3）大多数退学者现在从事的工作和他们所受

的教育和动机相一致。”最后一段：“至于返回校园的可能性，前景并不乐观。至少

有25%的退学学生可能考虑返回研究生院就读，条件是保证他们保留现有的收入

水平，有些还要保留他们目前的工作。”

五、常识（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共70分。）

22、EnglandandScotlandareseparatedby

A、theThamesRiver.

B、theClydeRiver.

C、theLakeNeagh.

D、theHadrian'sWall.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：英格兰和苏格兰以哈德良长城（Hadrian'sWall）为界。

23TheflagwhichisacombinationofBritain'sthreepartsisknownas

A、theUnitedNation.

B、St.Patrick.

C^theUnionJack.

D^GreatBritain.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：英国的国旗有一昵称，为theUnionJack,它由三部分构成：

England'sSt.George,Ireland^St.Patrick和Scotland'sSt..Andrew,故C正

确。

24、In1620,102pilgrims,toescape,sailedtotheNewWorldinashipcalled

Mayflower.

A、naturaldisasters

religiouspersecution

C^poverty

D、plague

标准答案：B

知识点解析：1620年，102个朝圣者为躲避宗教迫害，乘着“五月花”号来到了新大

陆。

25>Theformalinstructioninsecondlanguageacquisition.

A、hasnoeffectatall

B、hasapowerfuldelayedeffect

C>hasverylittleeffect

D、hasunsatisfactoryeffect

标准答案：B

知识点解析：与一语习得不同，在二语学习中，正规的教学有助于二语能力的发

展，而且对学习者来说，有着深远的影响。

26、WhichcountrywasneverbethecolonyoftheGreatBritain?

A、Poland

B、Afghanistan

C、Egypt

D^NewZealand

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

27、WhichgroupofpeoplecanNOTvoteintheBritishgeneralelection?

A、memberintheHouseofCommons

B、LordsintheHouseofLords

C、theUKcitizensabovetheageof18

D、theUKresidentcitizensoftheIrishRepublic

标准答案：B

知识点解析：英国上议院议员大多是世袭贵族，因为他们在上议院中已有被封的席

位，所以不能参与选举。

28、Withregardtoitssize,theU.S.A.isthecountryintheworld.

A、largest

B、secondlargest

C^thirdlargest

D、fourthlargest

标准答案：D

知识点解析：美国地理。美国的面积在全世界排名第四。前三名分别是俄罗斯、加

拿大和中国。

29、TheRenaissancewasaEuropeanphenomenonoriginatedin.

A^France

B、Britain

C、Italy

D、Spain

标准答案：C

知识点解析：英国文学。题目询问TheRenaissance（文艺复兴）起源于哪个国家，答

案应该是意大利。英国文学深受这一运动的影响，该运动充满了人文主义

（humanism）的色彩。

30、TheheirtotheEnglishthroneisnamedthe,whichwasinitiatedbyEdward

Iin1301.

A、PrinceofScotland

PrinceofEngland

C、PrinceofWales

D、PrinceofNorthernIreland

标准答案：C

知识点解析：EdwardI在1301征服了威尔士，收并为英国领土，为了稳定在那里

的统治，他把儿子命名为威尔士王子。之后王室的太子则成为PrinceofWales,其

他王子没有此称号。因而答案为C。

31、America'smostimportantfoodcropis.

Axwheat

rice

C^com

D、oats

标准答案：A

知识点解析：小麦是美国主要农产品，占世界产量的12%,占世界出门的33%。

六、改错（本题共I题，每题7.0分，共1分。）

32、Pmlookingtofindteacherscanbiingtheexteiioiwoildintotheclassroom,lake

theirkidsoutsidethebuilding,toreallylearnhowtoanalyze,andhopefullygetinvolved

withsciencebecauseoftheexperiencethey'vehad.

标准答案：Acan一who

知识点解析：关系代词在限制性定语从句中充当主语时不能省略，且先行词为

teachers,指人，故用who。

七、汉译英（本题共［题，每题1.0分，共］分。）

33、外来移民难道真的是欧洲社会难以摆脱的失业和高犯罪率的罪魁祸首吗？今天

的欧洲或许算是一方乐土，吸引着非洲；亚洲、南美洲的许多年轻人背井离乡到这

里来谋生求发展。更重要的是，西欧今天已经离不开移民。移民的到来对欧洲的经

济社会发展，甚至改善欧洲人口年龄结构，起着不可忽视的作用。今日，西欧国

家均面临着一个严峻的决战，即随着欧盟经济的恢复，人口老龄化的加快，欧洲的

劳动力日益短缺，弥补的办法只有一个——引进移民。2000年3月联合国人口机

构发表的一份报告对欧洲颇具震撼力，报告称：由于出生率的降低和平均寿命的延

长，25年后，欧洲将近一半的人口将是退休者。欧洲将成为名副其实的旧大陆。

谁来填补这个人口赤字。谁来为欧洲工作？答案是显而易见的。德国议会调查委员

会称：移民的贡献使欧洲人口年轻化和更加充满活力。

标准答案：Areimmigrantsreallythemajorculpritofunemploymentandhighcrime

ratethathavebeenhauntingtheEuropeansocieties?...Today,WesternEuropecannot

developwithoutimmigrants,fbrtheyarcmakinginncgligiblccontributionstoEurope's

economyandeventotheimprovementoftheagecompositionofitspopulation.Because

ofalowbiithrateandagieatciaveragelifespan,ictiicdpeoplewillaccountfbihalfof

theEuropeanpopulationin25years,andEuropewillbecometheoldcontinentintree

senseoftheword.Whowillfillupthispopulationdeficit?WhowillworkforEurope?

Theanswerisonlytooobvious.TheInvestigationCommitteeoftheGermanParliament

claimedthattheimmigrantsmaketheEuropeanpopulationyoungerandmorevigorous.

知识点解析：暂无解析

八、英译汉（本题共，题，每题1.0分，共]分。）

34、Ifglobaltradeandeconomykeepthesameincreasingrateastheyhavedoneinthe

secondhalfofthisyear,itwillbenefitChina'sexportsgreatly.Althoughthecountry's

exportincreasesareexpected[oslowdownnextyear,agoodinvestmenlenvironment

andlow-cost,high-qualitylaborwillcontinuetoattraclforeigninvestors.That'sa[rend

noshort-termfactorscanbuck.However,oftheactualforeigndirectinvestmentsin

Chinajessthan10percentisusedinmergersandacquisitions.Mostoftheinvestment

goestotheestablishmentofnewventures.ThatmeansChinahasmuchroomtodirect

foreigninvestmenlintoiherestrucluringofiheslate-ownedenterprises.Foreign

enlreDreneurscanbeshareholdersoforevenconlrolstate-ownedenlerprisesbycapiialor

lechnologyinvestments,whoseDarticipationcanhelpactivateandlesinicluresiate-

ownedenterprises.AfterChinaenteredtheWorldTradeOrganizationinlate2001,i（has

perfecteditslegalsystem,toprovideanorderlyenviionmentfortiansnalionalmergers

andacquisitions.Worldinvestorsareshiftingtheirinvestingdestinationsfromthe

SoutheastAsiancountriestotheNortheastAsiancountries,includingChina,Japanand

SouthKorea.

标准答案：虽然中国的出口增长率预计明年会有所下降，但是其良好的投资环

境、廉价优质的劳动力为会继续吸引外国投资者。这是短期因素不能改变的趋势。

但是，在中国实际利用的外商直接投资中，只有不到10%用于企业兼并和收购，

大部分投资都用来建立新企业。这意味着，在引导外资参与国企改组方面，中国还

有很大的发挥空间。外国企业家可通过资本或技术投资成为国企股东，甚至控制国

企，他们的参与将有助于激活和改组国企。自2001年末加入世贸组织以来，中国

完善了法律体系，为跨国兼并和收购创造了有序环境。全球的投资者们纷纷将投资

目的地从东南亚国家转到了东北亚国家，包括中国、日本和韩国。

知识点解析：1、本段围绕中国利用外资，尤其是引导外资参与国企改组的情况展

开论述，语体比较端重，用相对正式的汉语表现出原文的语体是本篇翻译的首要任

务。2、英语主从复合句译为汉语复句时，需注意连接词使用的完整性，如第1段

第1句需增译“但是“，意义才算完整。3、第1段第3、4句在逻辑上紧密相关，分

别论述利用外资的两个方面，故可译为一句话。actualforeigndirectinvestments中

的actual和foreign翻译时作了语义上的扩展，合译为“实际利用的外商直接投

资”。4、第2段第2句的shift.fom…to.・・意为“将…从…转移到…”，增译

“纷纷”，意义表达更充分。investingdestinations意为“投资目的地”。

九、作文(本题共I题，每题7.0分，共1分。)

35、ThroughhisfamouscharacterHamletShakespearesaid,"tobeornottobe,thatisa

question."Forhundredsofyears,peoplehaveneverstoppedgivingexplanationsand

definitionstothesaying.Thereseemstohavehadnoconsensusontheinterpretationof

thesaying.Writeanessayofabout400wordsentitled:SixFamousWordsgivingyour

ownunderstandingofthesayingandstatingwhetheryouagreeordisagreewithhimSix

FamousWordsInthefirstpartofyourwritingyoushouldstateyouropinioninrespond

toShakespeare^view,andinthesecondpartyoushouldsupportyourargumentwith

appropriatedetails(orexamples).Inthelastpartyoushouldbringwhatyouhavewritten

toanaturalconclusionormakeasummary.Markswillbeawardedforcontent,

organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmay

resultinalossofmarks.WriteyouressayonANSWERSHEETFOUR.

标准答案：SixFamousWords-WilliamLyonPhelps"Tobeornottobe."Outside

theBible,thesesixwordsarethemostfamousinalltheliteratureoftheworld.They

werespokenbyHamletwhenhewasthinkingaloud,andtheyarethemostfamouswords

inShakespearebecauseHamletwasspeakingnotonlyforhimselfbutforeverythinking

manandwoman.Tobeornottobe—toliveornottolive,toliverichlyandabundantly

andeagerly,ortolivedullyandmeanlyandscarcely.Aphilosopheroncewantedto

knowwhetherhewasaliveornot,whichisagoodquestionforeveryonetoputto

himselfoccasionally.Heanswereditbysaying:"IthinkjhereforeIam."Butthebest

definitionofexistenceIeversawwasonewrittenbyanotherphilosopherwhosaid:"To

beistobeinrelations."Ifthisistrue,thenthemorerelationsalivingthinghas,themore

itisalive.Toliveabundantlymeanssimplytoincreasetherangeandintensityofour

relations.Unfortunatelyv/earesoconstitutedthatwegettoloveourroutine.Butapart

fromourregularoccupationhowmucharevvealive?Ifyouareinterestedonlyinyour

regularoccupation,youarealiveonlytothatextent.Sofarasotherthingsare

concerned—poetryandprose,music,pictures,sports,unselfishfriendships,politics,

internationalaffairs-ouaredead.Contrariwise,itistruethateverytimeyouacquirea

newinterest-evenmore,anewaccomplishment-youincreaseyourpoweroflife.No

onewhoisdeeplyinterestedinalargevarietyofsubjectscanremainunhappy;thereal

pessimististhepersonwhohaslostinterest.Baconsaidthatamandiesasoftenashe

losesafriend.Butwcgainnewlifebycontacts,newfriends.Whatissupremelytrueof

livingobjectsisnolesstrueofideas,whicharealsoalive.Whereyourthoughtsare,there

willyourlifebealso.Ifyourthoughtsareconfinedonlytoyourbusiness,onlytoyour

physicalwelfare,onlyto:henarrowcircleofthetowninwhichyoulive,thenyoulivein

anarrowcircumscribedlife.ButifyouareinterestedinwhatisgoingoninChina,then

youarelivinginChina;ifyouareinterestedinthecharactersofagoodnovel,thenyou

arelivingwiththosehighlyinterestingpeople;ifyoulistenintentlytofinemusic,youare

awayfromyourimmediatesurroundingsandlivinginaworldofpassionand

imagination.Tobeornottobe-toliveintensivelyandrichly,ormerelytoexist,that

dependsonourselves.Leiuswidenandintensifyourrelations.Whilewelive,letuslive!

知识点解析：暂无解析

专业英语八级模拟试卷第2套

一、讲座（本题共75题，每题7.0分，共万分。）

HowtoReadLiteratureCriticallyThefirststeppayattentionto[LI]

language—whilereading,makenotesof[L2]language一

considerwhytheauthoradoptsthesedevicesdefinitionandexample—[L3]

一acomparisonoftwoterms-frequentlyusingthewords[L4]""or"as"

—Metaphor—acomparisonoftwo[L5]—givinglanguagecoloranddepth

-impactingthereader'ssenses—[L6]—thegrantingof[L7]

toobjectsoranimals—anotherwaytounderstandtheauthor'sintent一

Symbolism-encompassingbothaliteralmeaningandafigurativemeaning——not

necessarilya【L8】e.g.a.springisasymbolof[L9]b.winter

oftensymbolizesafiguraiivedeathThesecondstephaveaclearmindaboutstructuree.

g.tellingastoryoutof[LIO],perhapswithflashbacksorintegratedtales

Thethirdstepbekeenon[Lil]onthisworkThefourthstepkeepasharp

eyeforarchetypes-thedefinition:thingspatternedafter[L12]一two

categories：a.[L13]archetypesb.situationalarchetypes:e.g.[L14]

isafrequentoneConclusionTosummarizetoday'slecture,fourstepsmustbe

takentobe[L15]ofliterature.

1、[LI]

标准答案：figurative

知识点解析：暂无解析

2、[L2]

标准答案：expressive

知识点解析：暂无解析

3、[L3]

标准答案：Simile

知识点解析：暂无解析

4、[L4]

标准答案：like

知识点解析：暂无解析

5、[L5]

标准答案：seeminglyunrelatedsubjects

知识点解析：暂无解析

6、[L6]

标准答案：Personification

知识点解析：暂无解析

7、[L7]

标准答案：humantraits

知识点解析：暂无解析

8、[L8]

标准答案：statement

知识点解析：暂无解析

9、[L9]

标准答案：renewal

知识点解析：暂无解析

10、[L10]

标准答案：chronologicalsequence

知识点解析：暂无解析

11、[L11]

标准答案:others,influence

知识点解析：暂无解析

12、[L12]

标准答案:an/thcoriginal

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、[L13]

标准答案：character

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、[L14]

标准答案：initiation

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、[L15]

标准答案：acriticalreader

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、会话（本题共70题，每题1.0分，共70分。）

16、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

17、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

20、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

21、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

22、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

23、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

24、

标准处索.R

知识,自解扁暂无解析

25、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

三、选择题(本题共14题，每题1.0分，共14分。)

PASSAGEONE(I)Then,atlast,theChiefEldercallednumberOnetothestage,and

theAssignmentsbegan.Eachannouncementwaslengthy,accompaniedbyaspeech

directedatthenewTwelve.(2)JonastriedtopayattentionasOne,smilinghappily,

receivedherAssignmentasFishHatcheryAttendantalongwithwordsofpraiseforher

childhoodspentdoingmanyvolunteerhoursthere,andherobviousinterestinthe

importantprocessofprovidingnourishmentforthecommunity.NumberOne—hername

wasMadeline—returned,finally,amidstapplause,toherseat,wearingthenewbadge

lliatdesignatedherFishHatcheiyAttendant.Jonaswasceilainlygladthattliat

Assignmentwastaken;hewouldn'thavewantedit.BuihegaveMadelineasmileof

congratulation.(3)JonasnoticedthatAsherlookednervous.Hekeptturninghisheadand

glancingbackatJonasuntilthegroupleaderhadtogivehimasilentchastisement,a

motiontositstillandfaceforward.Hetriedtosortthroughthelistinhismind,the

possibleAssignmentsthatremained.Butthereweresomanyhegaveitup;andanyv/ay,

nowitwasAsher'sturn.(4)Hepaidstrictattentionashisfriendwenttothestageand

stoodself-consciouslybesidetheChiefElder."Allofusinthecommunityknowand

enjoyAsher,"theChiefElderbegan.Ashergrinnedandscratchedonelegwiththeother

foot.Theaudiencechuckledsoftly."WhenthecommitteebegantoconsiderAsher's

Assignment/shewenton,*'thereweresomepossibilitiesthatwereimmediately

discarded.SomethatwouldclearlynothavebeenrightforAsher.Forexample,"shesaid,

smiling,"wedidnotconsiderforaninstantdesignatingAsheranInstructorofThrees."

(5)"Infact,"theChiefEldercontinued,chucklingalittleherself,"vveevengavealittle

thoughttosomeretroactivechastisementfortheonewhohadbeenAsher'sInstructorof

Threessolongago.AtthemeetingwhereAsherwasdiscussed,weretoldmanyofthe

storiesthatweallrememberedfromhisdaysoflanguageacquisition.Especially,nshe

said,chuckling,Hthedifferencebetweensnackandsmack.Remember,Asher?"Asher

noddedruefully,andtheaudiencelaughedaloud.Jonasdid,too.(6)Heremembered,

thoughhehadbeenonlyaThreeatthetimehimself.Thepunishmentusedforsmall

childrenwasaregulatedsystemofsmackswiththedisciplinewand:athin,flexible

weaponthatstungpainfullywhenitwaswielded.TheChildcarespecialistsweretrained

verycarefullyinthedisciplinemethods-,aquicksmackacrossthehandsforabitof

minormisbehavior;threesharpersmacksonthebarelegsforasecondoffense.(7)Poor

Asher,whoalwaystalkedtoofastandmixedupwords,evenasatoddler.AsaThree,

eagerforhisjuiceandcrackersatsnacktimeheonedaysaid"smack"insteadof"snack"

ashestoodwaitinginlineforthemorningtreat.Jonasremembereditclearly.Hecould

stillseelittleAsher,wigglingwithimpatienceintheline.Herememberedthecheerful

voicecallingout,"Iwantmysmack!”⑻TheotherThrees,includingJonas,hadlaughed

nervously."SnackI"theycorrected."Youmeantsnack,Asher!"Butthemistakehad

beenmade.Andprecisionoflanguagewasoneofthemostimportanttasksofsmall

children.Asherhadaskedforasmack.Thedisciplinewand,inthehandoftheChildcare

worker,whistledasitcamedownacrossAsher'shands.Asherwhimpered,cringed,and

correctedhimselfinstantly.''Snack,"hewhispered.Butthenextmorninghehaddoneit

again.Andagainthefollowingweek.Hecouldn'tseemtostop,thoughfbreachlapsethe

disciplinewandcameagain,escalatingtoaseriesofpainfullashesthatleftmarkson

Asher'slegs.Eventually,foraperiodoftime,Asherstoppedtalkingaltogether,whenhe

wasaThree.(9)"Forawhile,"theChiefEldersaid,relatingthestory,“wehadasilent

Ashcr\ButheVcarncd.""Asher,'*sheliftedhervoice(omaketheofficial

announcement."WehavegivenyoutheAssignmentofAssistantDirectorofRecreation.

"(10)TheAssignmentscontinued,andJonaswatchedandlistened,relievednowbythe

wonderfulAssignmenthisbestfriendhadbeengiven.Buthewasmoreandmore

apprehensiveashisownapproached.NowthenewTwelvesintherowaheadhadall

receivedtheirbadges.(11)Eighteen,Fiona,onhisleft,wascalled.Eventheapplause,

thoughenthusiastic,seemedserenewhenFionawasgiventheimportantAssignmentof

CaretakeroftheOld.(12)Jonaspreparedhimselftowalktothestagewhentheapplause

endedandtheChiefElderpickedupthenextfolderandlookeddowntothegrouptocall

forwardthenextnewTwelve.Hewascalmnowthathisturnhadcome.Hetookadeep

breathandsmoothedhishairwithhishand,"Twenty,"heheardhervoicesayclearly.

"Pierre.*'(13)Sheskippedme,Jonasthought,stunned.Hadheheardwrong?No.There

wasasuddenhushinthecrowd,andheknewthattheentirecommunityrealizedthatthe

ChiefElderhadmovedfromEighteentoTwenty,leavingagap.Onhisright,Pierre,with

astartledlook,rosefromhisscatandmovedtothestage.(14)Amistake.Shemadea

mistake.ButJonasknew,evenashehadthethought,thatshehadn't.TheChiefElder

madenomistakes.NotattheCeremonyofTwelve.Hefeltdizzy,andcouldn'tfocushis

attention.Hedidn'thearwhatAssignmentPierrereceived,andwasonlydimlyawareof

theapplauseastheboyreturned,wearinghisnewbadge.Then:Twenty-one,Twenty-

two.(15)Thenumberscontinuedinorder.Jonassat,dazed,astheymovedintothe

ThirtiesandthentheForties,nearingtheend.Eachtime,ateachannouncement,hisheart

jumpedforamoment,andhethoughtwildthoughts.Perhapsnowshewouldcallhis

name.Couldhehaveforgottenhisownnumber?No.HehadalwaysbeenNineteen.He

wassittingintheseatmarkedNineteen.(16)Butshehadskippedhim.Hesawtheothers

inhisgroupglanceathim,embarrassed,andthenaverttheireyesquickly.Hesawa

worriedlookonthefaceofhisgroupleader.Hehunchedhisshouldersandtriedtomake

himselfsmallerintheseat.Hewantedtodisappear,tofadeaway,nottoexist.Hedidn't

daretoturnandfindhisparentsinthecrowd.Hecouldn'tbeartoseetheirfacesdarkened

withshame.Jonasbowedhisheadandsearchedthroughhismind.Whathadhedone

wrong?

26AtthebeginningoftheAssignments,Jonasseemedtobe________.

标准答案：A