中考英语阅读理解单元测试(含解析) (二)

中考英语阅读理解单元测试（含解析）（2）

一、中考英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）

1.阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

OnMarch10,2019,eight-year-oldTaniwontheNewYorkChessChampionship（纽约象棋冠

军赛）ofhisagegroup.Buttheboy,whowashomelessatthetime,beganlearningthegame

lessthanayearago.

TaniandhisfamilyarrivedinNewYorkCityfromAfricair2017.Achurchhelpedhimenterthe

primaryschool,P.S,116.Herethegiftedboywasfirstintroducedtochessbyapart-timeteacher

Makofsky,ownerofachessclub.Interestedinthegame,theseven-year-oldaskedhismotherto

allowhimtojointheclub.Notabletoaffordthechessclasses,sheemailedMakofsky.Toher

surpriseandjoy,MakofskyagreedthatTanicouldlearnitforfree.

Thoughthechessclubhelps,it'slargelybelievedthatTani'ssuccessliesinhishardwork.The

boypracticesthegameformanyhoursadayonthefloorwithhisboard.EverySaturday.Tani

goestoafree3-hourclasstoimprovehisgameskills.

Notsurprisingly,Tani'sstory,firstreportedbyTheNewYorkTimes,hasbroughthimgreat

supportfromtheAmericanpublic.SoonaftertheyoungboywontheNewYorkChampionship,

MakofskybeganaGoFundMeactivityforTaniandhisfamilysothathecouldcontinuehischess

journey.Itraised$200,000injusttendays,farmorethantheyexpected.Andthemoneykeeps

coming,Butthefamilydonates（捐赠）mostofthemoneytothechurchandtothosepoor

families.

TanihasalsoreceivedoffersfromthreefamousprivateschoolsinNewYork.However;the

familyhavepolitelyrefusedallofthemandchosentocontinueTani'seducationatP.S.116.

Theyoungboy'sstoryalsocaughttheeyeofBillClinton,the42ndUSPresident."Tani,you're

anexampleofawinningspirit-inchessandinlife.I'dlovetomeetyou,"hesaidonhis

Facebook.

Whileexcitedabouthisnewlife,Taniisreadytomeetgreatchallenges（招K战）.Heisbusy

preparingforthe2019NatonalPrimaryChampionships.Winningthecompetitionwillbringthe

chessplayerclosertohisdreamofbecomingtheworld'syoungestchessgrandmaster（大师）.

Therecordhasbeenkeptfor17yearsbytheRussianchessplayerKarjakin,whowonthetitleat

theageof12.

（1）Tanibegantolearnchessattheageof.

A.sevenB.eightC.nineD.twelve

（2）Paragraph3ismainlyabout.

A.whereTanipractiseschessB.howhardTaniworksatchess

C.whatTani'smotherdoesforhimD.howmuchthechessclubhelps

(3)AfterwinningtheNewYorkChampionship,Tani.

A.hopedtoseeBillClintonB.wenttoafamousprivateschool

C.becametherichestboyinNewYorkD.gotmuchsupportfromthesociety

(4)ThewritermentionstheRussianchessplayerKarjakinto.

A.callonyoungpeopletolearnchess

R.intrnducphi,gritachipvpmpntsinchpqq

C.showit'sabigchallengeforTanitorealizehisdream

D.tellpeopleTanihasbeentheworld'sbestchessplayer

【答案】(1)A

(2)B

(3)D

(4)C

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是八岁的男孩Tdni在2019年3月10口获得纽约

象棋冠军。2017年他和家人从非洲来到纽约市。在教主的帮助下进入P.S.116小学。在这里

他被介绍给一个象棋俱乐部的主人，由于付不起学费，他妈妈给Makofsky写信，结果

Makofsky同意Tani免费学习。由于学习努力他获得了冠军。他的故事被纽约时报报道，人

们给他捐了$200,000美元。但是他的家人把这些钱的大部分给了教堂和那些贫困的家庭。纽

约很多著名的私立学校让他去上学但是他决绝了，继续在PS116小学学习。他的故事被每

个的42届总统比尔克林的知晓，他说"希望能见到你〃。当他对新生活很激动时，他准备接

受新的挑战。他希望成为世界上最年轻的象棋大师。

(1)细节理解题。根据OnMarch10,2019,eight-year-oldTaniwontheNewYorkChess

Championship(纽约象棋冠军赛)ofhisagegroup.^11TaniandhisfamilyarrivedinNewYork

CityfromAfricain2017.Achurchhelpedhimentertheprimaryschool,P.S,116.Herethegifted

boywasfirstintroducedtochessbyapart-timeteacherMakofsky,ownerofachessclub.可知

Tani在七岁的时候开始练象棋,故选A。

(2)推理判断题。根据Theboypracticesthegameformanyhoursadayonthefloorwi:hhis

board.EverySaturday,Tanigoestoafree3-hourclasstoimprovehisgameskills.可知Tani练习

象棋很辛苦的。故选丸

(3)推理判断题。根据Notsurprisingly,Tani'sstory,firstreportedbyTheNewYorkTimes,has

broughthimgreatsupportfromtheAmericanpublic.可知在获得纽约竞标赛冠军后，他得到了

很多来自社会的帮助，故选D。

(4)推理判断题。根据Whileexcitedabouthisnewlife,Taniisreadytomeetgreatchallenges

(挑战).Winningthecompetitionwillbringthechessplayerclosertohisdreamofbeccming

theworld'syoungestchessgrandmaster（大师）.Therecordhasbeenkeptfor17yearsbythe

RussianchessplayerKarjakin,whowonthetitleattheageof12.因为俄罗斯的象棋选手也是是

很小年纪成为象棋大师的，并且这个记录保持了"年，可知Tani要想成为年级最小的象棋

大师有很多的挑战。故选配

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。对于推理判断题，要根据文章的细节，仔细阅读。理解细节内

容，推理判断，得出止确答案。对「细节理解题可直接从短文的细节中找出问题答案。

九阅读短文，从每题所给的A、R、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

OnApril26,2017,abigChineseshipcaughttheeyesofthewholeworld.China'sfirst

homemadeaircraftcarrier(航空母舰)hitthewaterinDalian,Liaoning.

ThenewbigshipisChina'ssecondaircra代carrier.ItwasdesignedinChinaandbuiltinChina,

too.Itisabout315meterslongand75meterswide.Thatisabitlargerthanthreesoccerfields.

Anaircraftcarrierislikeanairportonthesea.Itcancarryplanesandtroopstowar.Planesfly

fromthecarrierandlandbackonit,andsoldiersworkandliveonitztoo.Butbuildinganaircraft

carrierislikeanairportonthesea.Itcancarryplanesandtroopstowar.Planesflyfrorithe

carrierandlandbackonit,andsoldiersworkandliveonit,too.Butbuildinganaircraftcarrieris

sohardandexpensive.Itcostsalotofmoneyandneedsalargeamountofsteelandother

specialmaterials.Forexample,abasicaircraftcarrierismadeof60,000tonsofsteel.Italsouses

complex(复杂的)technologies,includingradar,electrics,mechanicsandweapons.Finally,it

takesyearstobuildone.Today,notmanycountriesownanaircraftcarrierorhavetheabilityto

buildone.Chinahasbecometheseventhcountryintheworldthatcanbuildanaircraftcarrierby

itself,aftertheUSA,Russia,England,France,ItalyandSpain

(1)InwhichyeardidChina'sfirsthomemadeaircraftcarrerhitthewater?

A.In2017.B.In2016.C.In2018.D.In2019.

(2)What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.AnAirportontheSea

B.ChinaHasBoughttheSecondAircraftCarrier

C.China'sHomemadeAircraftCarrier

D.TheSixthCountrytoBuildanAircraftCarver

(3)Whatisnotneededtobuildtheaircraftcarrier?

A.specialmaterialsB.technologiesC.steelD.wood

(4)HowmanyaircraftcarriersdoesChinahaveaccordingtothepassage?

A.oneB.twoC.threeD.four

(5)HowdoesthewriterfeelaboutthehomemadeaircraftcarrierinChina?

A.proudB.worriedC.upsetD.hopeless

【答案】（1）A

(2)C

(3)D

(4)B

(5)A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了中国第一个国产的航空母舰在大连辽宁下水。

(1)细节题°根据OnApril2017,abigChineseshipcaughttheayesofthpwholeworld.

China'sfirsthomemadeaircraftcarrier(航空母舰)hitthewaterinDalian,Liaoning.可知是在

2017年，故选A。

(2)主旨题,根据全文可知主要讲了中国第一个国产的航空母舰在大连辽宁下水，故选Co

(3)细节题。根据Itcostsalotofmoneyandneedsalargeamountofsteelandotherspecial

materials.Forexample,abasicaircraftcarrierismadeof60,000tonsofsteel.Italsouses

complex(复杂的)technologies,includingradar;electrics,mechanicsandweapons可知材料

有钢铁、特殊的材料和科技。没有木头，故选D。

(4)细节题,根据ThenewbigshipisChina'ssecondaircraftcarrier.新的大船是中国第二个

航空母舰，所以一共有2个航空母舰，故选B。

(5)细节题。根据OnApril26,2017,abigChineseshipcaughttheeyesofthewholeworld.

可知中国制造的航空母舰吸引了全世界的眼球，所以作者感到骄傲，故选A。

【点评】考杳阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；

主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3.根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。

Doyouoftenlistentomusicatloudvolumes(音量)?Youshouldknowthatthishabitisbad

foryourhearing.Over1billionyoungpeopleareatriskofhearingloss(听力丧失),becauseof

listeningtoloudnoiseforlongperiodsoftime.ListeningtomusicorwatchingaTVshowatloud

volumescanharmyourhearing.

TheUnitedNationshasstandardsforsafelistening.Itisnotsafetolistentosoundsthatare

louderthan85dB(分贝)foreighthoursor100dBfor15minutes.Thesoundofabusyroadis

about85dBandthesoundofarockconcertcanbeabout100dB.

Loudnoiseisharmfultotheinner二Mostofusarebonwithabout16,000haircells(听毛细

J施)inourinnerears.Thesecellsnoticesounds.However;listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtime

canmakethesecellsworktoohardandcausesomeofthemtodie.Thisiswhatcauseshearing

loss.Oncethishappens,it'shardtogetyourhearingback.

Somepeoplemightthinkthattheirmusicisn'tallthatloud.Butthiscandependonwhereyou

are.Forexample,ifyouareinanoisyplacelikethesubway,youmightturnupyourmusictoo

loudwithoutrealizingit.Later,whenyoulistentoitatthesamevolumeinaquietplace,you

alightfeeluncomfortable

The"safelevel"formostsoundisbelow80dBforupto40hoursaweek.Alevelof80dBis

aboutequalto(相当于)thenoiseofasubway.

Hereissomeadviceonsafelistening.Over—the—earheadphones(头戴式耳机)arebetter

thanin—earones.Theydoabetterjobofstoppingoutsidenoise,soyoucanlistenatalower

volump.Don'tlistentoInudmusiconynurhaadphcnpqforAlongtimp.Followthp60:60rulp：

listentomusicat60percentofyourheadphones'maximumvolumefornomorethan60minutes

aday.

(1)Itissafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan100dBfor15minutes

(2)Listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecancausesomehaircellsintheinnereartodie.

(3)Fromthefourthparagraph,weknowpeopledon'talwaysrealizehowloudtheirmusicis.

(4)In-earheadphonesarebetterthanover—the-eatonesbecausetheycanstopmore

outsidenoise.

(5)Thisarticlemainlytellsuswhyearsareanimportantpartofourbodies.

【答案】(1)0

(2)1

(3)1

(4)0

(5)0

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了听大音量音乐的习惯对听力有害。世界卫生组

织称，超过10亿的年轻人在听力方面存在问题，因为他们长时间大声聆听。联合国有安全

聆听标准。听八十小时大于85分贝或15分钟大声100分钟的声音是不安全的。长时间聆听

大声的声音可能会使这些细胞工作太猛，并使其中一些细胞死亡。这就是人们听力损失的原

因。

(1)判断正误题。根据Itisnotsafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan85dB(分贝)for

eighthoursor100dBfor15minutes.可知挺高于85分贝八个小时或者100分贝15分钟是不

安全的。故答案为错误。

(2)判断正误题。根据However,listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecanmakethesecells

worktoohardandcausesomeofthemtodie.可知听大声的噪音很长时间能使这些耳毛细胞

工作太猛，造成一些耳毛细胞死亡，故答案为正确。

(3)判断正误题。根据ifyouareinanoisyplacelikethesubway,youmightturnupyour

musictooloudwithoutrealizingit.可知如果你在像地铁这样吵闹的地方,你可能无意识的把

声音调到太大，可知第四段告诉我们人们不总是能意识到他们的音乐有多大声，故答案为正

确。

(4)判断正误题。根据Over—the—earheadphones(头戴式耳机)arebetterthanin—ear

ones.Theydoabetterjobofstoppingoutsidenoise,soyoucanlistenatalowervolume.可知头

戴式耳机比置入式耳机更好，故答案为错误。

(5)判断正误题。通读全文可知大意是：听大声的音乐对听力有害，不是讲耳朵是人体重

要的组成部分，故答案为错误。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据细节判断所给句子的正确，

注意要找到依据。

4.阅读理解

JohnBrown,anofficeworker,livesinWashington.Heinherited$1,000,000afterhisparents

died.Hedidn'tfeelhappyatall.Hiscollegefriendswerelookingfortheirfirstjobs,buthedidn't

haveto.Johndecidedtokeeplivingasimplelifelikeeveryoneelse.Hedidn'ttellanyofhis

friendsandgave$100,000cfhismoneytoacharitythathelpedpoorchildren.Todayheis36,and

hestillwearscheapclothesanddrivesasmallcaronly,butheismuchhappier.

Sofar,Johnhashelped15childrenfrompoorcountriesallovertheworld,$200amonthfor

each.Thechilddoesnotreceivethemoneyincash(现金).Themoneyispaidforthechild's

education,food,medicalcareandclothing.Johnreceivesareporteachyearonthechild's

progress.Theycanwritetoeachother,butusuallythechildrendonotspeakEnglish.

OnceJohnwenttomeetalittlegirlhewashelpinginAfrica.Hesaidthatthemeetingwas

exciting."WhenImether,Ifeltveryhappy.Hesaid."Isawthatthemoneywasusedforavery

goodplan.Itbroughtmeclosertothechildinawaythatonlygivingmoneycannot.""IWentto

doeverythingIcan.Iwillgoonhelpingthosechildreninneed."headded.

(1)Johnislivingalife.

A.poorB.simpleC.hardD.rich

(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"inherited"meaninChinese?

A.继承B.捡拾C.馈赠D.赚取

(3)Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.Thechildcanreceivethemoneyincash.

B.JohnonlyhelpsthepoorchildreninAfrica.

C.Johnhasneverseenthechildrenheishelping.

D.Johnhashelped15childrenfromdifferentcountries.

(4)WhydidJohnthinkthemeetingwiththelittlegirlwasveryexciting?

A.BecausethegirlcamefromAfrica.

B.BecausethegirlcouldspeakEnglish.

C.Becausehesawthemoneywaswellused.

D.Becausehethoughthehadgivenmoneytothegirl.

(5)Wherecanyouprobablyreadthispassage?

A.Inanewspaper.B.Inasciencereport.C.Inanovel.D.Inanad.

【答案】(1)B

(2)A

(3)D

(4)C

(5)A

【解析】【分析】短文大意：文章讲述了JohnBrown继承了父母的财产后，过着简单的生活,

容纳后捐钱做慈善去帮助穷孩子。

(1)细节理解题。根据Johndecidedtokeeplivingasimplelifelikeeveryoneelse约翰决定像

其他人一样过简朴的生活，故选B。

(2)词意猜测题.根据Heinheriled$1>000»000dflerhi、pdrenl、died.他父母去世后继承

了100万英镑.可知inherite意思是继承，故选A。

(3)细节理解题。根据Sofar,Johnhashelped15childrenfrompoorcountriesalloverthe

world,到目前为止，约翰已经帮助了世界上15个贫穷国家的儿童。选D。

(4)细节理解题。根据"Isawthatthemoneywasusedforaverygoodplan."我看至ij钱被用

于一个非常好的计划.可知是因为因为他看到钱用得很好。故选C。

(5)文章出处题。根据文章讲述了JohnBrown继承了父母的财产后帮助穷孩子的事，可

知是从报纸上可以看到。放选A。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。文章涉及到细节理解题，词意猜测题和文章出处题。对「•细节

理解题，要从文章的细节中找出问题的答案。对「词意猜测题，要根据上下文的联系推测划

线部分的词在文章的意思，对于文章的出处题要根据文章的内容确定。

5.阅读短文，根据短文内容，从下面各小题所给的四个备选项中，选出最佳选项。

Longlongago,therewasabeautifullittlegirl.Shewasalonebecauseshehadnofamilyand

nohome.Sheonlyhadherclothesandsomebread.Butshewasverykind.

Amanaskedherifshehadsomethingtoeat.Shegavehimherbread.Achildcriedandtold

herthathisheadwasverycold.Soshegavehimherhat.Then,shemetachildwithnocoat.She

gavehimhercoat.

Oneday,inthecolddar<forest,shemetanotherchildwhoaskedforherdress.Thelittlegirl

thoughtthatitwasdarkandnobodycouldseeher,soshegaveherdressaway.Atlast,shehad

almostnothing:nofamily,nowheretolive,nothingtoeatandlittletowear.

Suddenly,starsfellfromthesky.Thesestarsbecamepiecesofmoneyandabeautifuldress.

Thelittlegirlwasrichfortherestofherlifeandshestillhelpedthepeopleinneedwithher

money.

(1)Thebeautifullittlegirlwas___becauseshehadnofamilyandnohome.

A.lazyB.aloneC.richD.thin

(2)Whenshemetachildwithnocoat,shegavehimher__.

A.breadB.hatC.coatD.money

(3)___,shegavpherdressaway.

A.InanoldhouseB.IntheforestC.IntheskyD.Athome

(4)__fellfromtheskybecamepiecesofmoneyandabeautifuldress.

A.ThehatB.ThecoatC.ThebreadD.Thestars

(5)Thelittlegirlwasrichfortherestofherlifebecauseofher

A.kindnessB.familyC.beautyD.Dress

【答案】(1)B

(2)C

(3)B

(4)D

(5)A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了很久以前一个无家可归的小女核把自己的衣服和面包都给了他人，

之后星星变为金钱和漂亮的裙子，小女孩后半生富裕，并且帮助需要帮助的人。

(1)细节理解题。根据Shewasalonebecauseshehadnofamilyandnohome,可知她很孤

独，因为她没有家人也没有家，故选B。

(2)细节理解题。根据Then,shemetachildwithnocoat.Shegavehimhercoat,可知

她遇到了一个没有外套的孩子，她把外套给他了，故选C。

(3)细节理解题。根据Oneday,inthecolddarkforest,shemetanotherchildwhoasked

forherdress一天，在寒冷黑暗的森林里，她遇到了另一个要她的裙子的孩子，可知是在森

林里，故选B。

(4)细节理解题。根据Suddenly,starsfellfromthesky.Thesestarsbecamepiecesof

moneyandabeautifuldress突然，星星从天而降.这些星星变成了金钱和漂亮的衣服，可知

是星星，故选D。

(5)细节理解题。根据Thelittlegirlwasrichfortherestofherlifeandshestillhelpedthe

peopleinneedwithhermoney这个小女孩余生都很富有，她仍然用她的钱帮助那些需要帮助

的人，可知因为小女孩很善良，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

6.阅读理解

Whenyouspeaktoforeigners,whatwillyoudoifyoucan'tunderstandtheirlanguages?Will

youuseyourbodylanguagetohelpyou,orjustsaysorrytothemandthengoaway?Learning

spokenlanguageisveryimportant,butlearninglocalgestures(手势)isalsoverynecessary.

IoftenusegesturestocommunicatewithsomeonewhoselanguageIdon'tknow.Weuseour

handstotalkwitheachother.Althoughwedon'tunderstandtheothers'words,ourhand

movementsmakeourconversationmorenecessary.

However,gesturesaren'talwaysclear.Differentgesturesmayhavedifferentmeaningsindifferent

countriesandcultures.

Inmanycountries,peoplemovetheirhandsatsomeonetocallhimtocomenear.Inthe

UnitedStates,peopleusuallymovehandsatsomebodywiththeirpalms(手掌)upand

sometimesmovejustonefinger.ButinmanycountriesinAsia,handmovementslikethatwould

beimpolite.InAsia,manypeoplemovehandsatsomeonewiththeirpalmsdownusingall

fingers.

Doyouuseyourthuma,yourthickshortfingertomakegestures?Inwesterncountries,

"thumbs-up"meansagreement.ButitisveryrudeinpartsofAfrica.

Ifyouwanttosay"OK"inAmerica,youcanmakeacirclewiththethumbandthesecond

finger.ButinFrance,itmeans"zero",anditisveryrudeinmanyothercountries.

YoucanuseyoursecondfingertopointatsomethingbutnotatsomebodyintheUnited

States.However;insomepartsofEurope,AsiaandAfrica,pointingatanythingwithone'ssecond

fingerisnotpolite.

"V"formisoftenusedwhenpeopletakephotos.Butcsingtwofingerstomakeupthe"V"

shapemeans"peace"intheWest.

ThelastexampleisthatpeopleinpartsofAsiapointtotheirnosestomeanthemselves,but

peopleinwesterncountriesusuallypointtotheirchests.

Gesturesareimportant,butalsohavedifferentmeanings.

(1)It'sOKintocallsomeonetocomenearbymovingjustonefinger.

A.AmericaB.AsiaC.AfricaD.Europe

(2)Accordingtothepassage,wecanlearnthat.

A.pointingonefingeratsomeoneintheUnitedStatesissometimesallowed

B.using"thumbs-up"asyourbodylanguageisveryrudeinpartsofAfrica

C.makingacirclewiththethumbandthenextfingermeans"0"inAmerica

D.usingtwofingerstomakeupthe"V"shapemeans"success"intheWest

(3)Thereareexamplesofdifferentgesturesinthepassage.

A.fiveB.sixC.sevenD.eight

(4)Thebesttitleofthispassagecanbe.

A.WorkHardtoLearnDifferentCulturesaroundtheWorld

B.TalktoOtherPeoplewithSpokenLanguageSuccessfully

C.DiffprpntGp<;tijrp<;ArpDifficulttoUnderstandandIparn

D.MakeSureYourGesturesAreSayingWhatYouWanttoSay

【答案】(1)A

(2)B

(3)B

(4)D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：实例说明在不同的国家和文化中，不同的手势可能有不同的含

义。

(1)细节理解题。根据文中的语句Inmanycountries,peoplemovetheirhandsatsomeoneto

callhimtocomenear.IntheUnitedStates,peopleusuallymovehandsatsomebodywiththeir

palms(手掌)upandsometimesmovejustonefinger.理解可知,在美国可以用一个手指,

向某人挥手让他过来，故选A。

(2)细节理解题。根据文中的语句Inmanycountries,peoplemovetheirhandsatsomeoneto

callhimtocomenear.IntheUnitedStates,peopleusuallymovehandsatsomebodywiththeir

palms(手掌)upandsometimesmovejustonefinger.ButinmanycountriesinAsia,hand

movementslikethatwouldbeimpolite.可知，在亚洲的一些国家，手掌向上的手语是不礼貌

的，故选B,

(3)理解归纳题。通读全文可知，此文一共列举了6个不同的手势，故选B”

(4)标题归纳题。通读全文语句理解可知，不同的国家或地区，手势不同其代表的含义也

不同，一定要弄清它们具体的含义，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本题涉及细节理解题和标题归纳题。做题的时候，先从题目中找

到一个关键词，再定位原文，找到答案。

7.阅读理解

Therearemanykindsofmusicintheworld,popmusic,classicalmusic,folkmusicandsoon.

Doyouknowcountrymusic?It'satraditionalkindofmusicfromthesouthernstatesofAmerica.I

likeitverymuch!ItwilltakemeawayforawhileafterIamtired.Theguitarsandsongswiltake

metomountainsandfields.

Countrymusicusuallytalksofeverydaylifeandfeeling.It'slikethespiritofAmerica,easyto

understand,slowandsimple.

CountrymusicdevelopedintheSouthernUnitedStates.ItwasthefolkmusicofAmerican

countryside.Manyofsongstellaboutthelivesoffarmers.Theytalkaboutlove,cropsordeath.

Thelifeofthecountrysidecanbehard,sothewordsincountrymusicare。代ensad.Atfirst,

peopleplayedthemusiconlyatfamilyparties.

Butitbecamemorepopularlater.Inthe1920s,peopleplayedcountrysongsontheradio,and

thpymadpthpmintoraccrd，.

Whenpeopleinthecountrysidemovedtotownsandcitiestolookforwork,theytooktheir

musicwiththem.CountrymusiccontinuedtochangeandbecamepopularacrossAmerica.

JohnDenverwasoneofAmerica'smostfamouscountrysingersinthe1970s.HissongTake

MeHome,CountryRoadsiswell-knownandpeoplestillplayittoday.

(1)Countrymusicdevelopedin.

A.JohnDenver'scityB.theNorthernUnitedStates

C.theSouthernUnitedStatesD.theWesternUnitedStates

(2)Peoplebegantomakecountrysongsrecords.

A.in1920B.inthe1920sC.inthe1970sD.in1970

(3)WhydidcountrymusicbecomepopularinAmerica?

A.Becausecitypeoplelikedthemusic.

B.Becausefarmersmovedtocitieswiththeirmusicanditcontinuedtochange.

C.Becausecountrymusictalkedaboutcitypeople'slives.

D.Becausepeopleinthecitymovedtothecountryside.

【答案】(1)C

(2)B

(3)B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了美国乡村音乐的发展及特点。

(1)细节理解题。根据文中的语句CountrymusicdevelopedintheSouthernUnitedStates.可

知，乡村音乐在美国南部发展起来。故选C。

(2)细节理解题。根据文中的语句Inthe1920s,peopleplayedcountrysongsontheradio,and

theymadethemintorecords.在二十世纪二十年代，人们尸始将乡村音乐录制成唱片。故选B。

(3)细节理解题。根据文中的语句Whenpeopleinthecountrysidemovedtotownsandcities

tolookforwork,theytooktheirmusicwiththem.Countrymusiccontinuedtochangeand

becamepopularacrossAmerica.可知,农民搬到城镇，将乡村音乐也带了去,并且得到进--

步的发展，所以乡村音乐在美国很快就流行起来，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的

大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

8.阅读理解

Haveyounoticedyourlifebecomingalittleeasier?Now,whenyougotoacertainshopping

mall,youcanenjoyitsfreeWi-Fithere.Whenyouwanttotakeataxi,youcanbookonewith

yourphone.Infact,allthesecanbeseenasthebasicpartsofasmartcity.

TheideaofasmartcitywasbroughtupbyUScompanyBMin2010.Generally,asmartcityis

Acitythatijqpqdigitaltpchnclcgipqmhc,thpIntprnpftnimprnvpcityplanning,sxvamnnpyand

resources,andmakeourlifeconvenient.Howsmartcanacitybe?Herearegreatexamplesthat

wecanlearnfrom.

In2009,DubuquebecamethefirstsmartcityintheUS.Thecityusedsmartwatermetersto

taketheplaceoftraditionalwatermetens.Theycandetect(探测)waterwasteandleakage

(泄漏)andsenddatatoletthehouseownerknow.Thesamesystemisusedforothercity

resourceslikeelectricityandnaturalgas.Inthisway,peopleknowhowtheyusetheirresources

andaregladtohelpreducewaste.

SantanderinSpainalsogivesusalookatthefuture.Ifpeoplepointaphonetowardanearby

busstop,thephoneimmediatelyshowsallbuslinesthatservethestopaswellastheirarrival

times.ThegovernmentorganizedaresearchteamandprovidedanApp(应用程序)that

collectsdataonalmosteverything:light,temperature,andthemovementsofcarsandpeople.

OpeningtheAppnearasupermarketprovidesimmediateinformationonspecialoffers.

(1)Theunderlinedword"convenient"isclosestinmeaningto"

A.usefulB.normalC.suitableD.easy

(2)Comparedwithtraditionalwatermeters,smartwatermetersdobetterin.

A.cleaningwaterB.supplyingwaterC.savingwaterD.producingwater

(3)TheexampleofSantandershowstheuseofsmartsystemsinaspects(方面)EXCEPT

A.businessB.healthcareC.trafficcontrollingD.publictransportation

(4)What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Digitaltechnologieshelpimprovecityplanning.

B.Smartcitieswillmakeourfuturelifebetterandsmarter.

C.SmartcitiesareverycommoninbothDubuqueandSantander.

D.SpainandtheUStaketheleadingpositioninbuildingsmartcities.

【答案】(l)D

(2)C

(3)B

(4)B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要对智能城市进行了基本介绍，又通过迪比克和桑坦德

的例子介绍了智能城市为生活所带来的便捷。

(1)猜测词句题。由语句Generally,asmallcityisacitythatusesdigitaltechnologiessuchas

theInternettoimprovecityplanning,savemoneyandresources可知，总的来说,小城市就是

使用数码科技例如互联网去提高城市计划，节省金钱和资源。由此可推知，节省金钱、能源,

可以使我们的生活更加轻松便捷。easy意为“轻松的〃，符合题意。useful意为“有用的”，

normal意为“普通的”,suitable意为“适合的"，均不符合题意。故正确答案为D。

(2)细节理解题。由文中语句Thisway,peopleknowtheyusetheirresourcesandaregladto

helpreducewaste可知，通过这种方式，人们就可以知道他们使用的资源并愿意减少资源的

浪费。由此可知，智能水表可以在节约水资源方面做的比传统水表更好。savewater意为〃节

约水资源"，符合题意。故正确答案为C。

(3)细节理解题。A项，由第四段第四句OpeningtheAppnearasupermarketprovides

irnniedidleinfurnidliununbpecidlufferb可知，在超市,旁边打开这个应用程序，可以马上推送

特价商品的信息。由此可推知,智能系统在商业(business)中有所应用。B项，healthcare

意为“健康管理"，文章没有提及。C项，由第四段第二句Ifpeoplepointaphonetowarda

nearbybusstop,thephoneimmediatelyshowsallbuslinesthatseverthestopaswellastheir

arrivaltimes可知，如果人们用手机指向一个附近的公交车站，手机就会马上展示出所有的

会在这站停的公交车路线,