Unit3 The world of Science 英语外研版（2019）必修第三册

TheWorldofScienceFRANKLIN`SEXPERIMENT:HowMuchIsTrue?DevelopingideasLead-in.Readthetitleandthink.WhatdoyouknowaboutFranklin?KnowaboutBenjaminFranklin.BenjaminFranklin(1706-1790)wasoneoftheFoundingFathersoftheUnitedStatesandhelpeddrafttheDeclarationofIndependence.Apartfrombeingasuccessfulstatesman,hewasalsowellknownasaleadingAmericanauthor,printerandpublisher,successfuldiplomat,creativescientistandinventor.美国的开国元勋之一政治家作家印刷商出版商发明家外交官科学家Whoishe?Itprovediflightningwasreallyproducedbyelectricityorsomethingelse.ReadthepassageandfindoutwhatFranklin’sexperimentaimedtoprove.Activity1

Fast-­reading√Activity2

Careful-­readingReadPara.1carefullyandtellusthemainidea.2．Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A．Tointroducethetopic.B．Toshowtheauthorityoftheauthor.C．Toattractreaders’interest.D．Alloftheabove.

Introductionofthethemeofthetext.MaterialsakiteastringakeyResultHegotanelectricshock.

ConclusionLightningwasaformofelectricity.2._____ametalkeytoastring4._____thekeywiththefinger3._____thekiteduringtherainstormAttachRaiseTouch1._____astringtoakiteTieReadPara.1carefullyandtellusthemainidea.Para.2ThestoryofFranklin’sexperimentAimMaterialsProcedureResultConclusionTofindout__________________________________akite,astring,ametalkey1.___astring__akiteand______ametalkey__thestring;2.___thekiteduring________;3._____thekeywith_________.Aflashoflightninghitsthekiteandelectricityisconductedthroughthestringtothekey.Hegetsanelectricshock.Thelightningisaformofelectricity.whetherlightningisaformofelectricityTietoattachtoFlyastormTouchthefingerMaterialsakiteastringakey2._____ametalkeytoastring4._____thekeywiththefinger3._____thekiteduringtherainstorm1._____astringtoakiteResultHegotanelectricshock.ConclusionLightningwasaformofelectricity.Readpara.3andpara.4andthink:Howmuchistrue?TieAttachRaiseTouch

lightningflash:

householdcurrent:

LifeTip：300millionVolts(3亿伏特)120VoltsWecandrawaconclusionthatifwewanttoprovefacts,

bravescientificexperimentscientificBenefitsofthestoriesaboutexploringscience.√Formanyyears，welearnthefollowingfromthestoryofFranklin’sexperimentEXCEPTthat

.A．themethodofFranklin’sexperimentissafeB．FranklinwasverybravetomaketheexperimentC．scientificexperimentsareimportanttothetruthD．themethodofFranklin’sexperimentisscientificReadPara.4carefullyandtellusthemainidea.Noteverythingabouttheexperimentistrue.

√WhatisthepurposeofthestoryofNewton?A．Toshowtheacceptedstoryistrue.B．ToshowNewtonwasbravetobearthehitofanapple.C．ToshowNewtonwasluckytofindthetheoryofgravity.D．Toshowtheacceptedstoryisquestionedbythescientists.ReadPara.5carefullyandtellusthemainidea.Questioningacceptedideas.Whatistheauthor’sconclusionfromthestory?Factsshouldbeprovedbyexperimentsandresearch,andweshouldnotalwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear—evenifitisagreatstory.ReadPara.6carefullyandtellusthemainidea.FactsshouldbeprovedbyexperimentsandresearchReadforstructurePara2Para3Para4Para6Para1Para5Theauthor’sviewThestoryoftheexperimentThegeneralpublic’sviewonthestoryScientists’viewonthestoryScientists’viewonsuchstoriesTheauthor’sconclusionBecausetheywanttoestablishthefact.Whydoscientistsoftenquestionacceptedideas?

MorethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.1.

Apartfrombeingasuccessfulstatesman,hewasalsowellknownasaleadingAmericanauthor,printerandpublisher,successfuldiplomat,creativescientistandinventor.他除了是一位成功的政治家外，还是一位杰出的美国作家、印刷商和出版商、成功的外交官、富有创造力的科学家和发明家。e.g.Wedidn'tseeanyoneallday,apartfromacoupleofkidsonthebeach.

Apartfromhisearningsasafootballcoach,healsoownsandrunsachainofsportsshops.apartfrom:exceptfor除……以外

aswellas除……以外（还）;此外

apartfrom,inadditionto/besides与except易混词(组)用法例句apartfrom“除了……(还)”，当指“包括在内”时相当于besides，当指“不包括在内”时相当于except(for)Apartfromtheending,it’sreallyagoodfilm.inadditionto/besides“除了……之外”，强调除这些之外还包括其他SheunderstandsFrenchbesides/inadditiontoEnglish.except“除……之外”，指从整体中除去一部分，除去的部分要排除在外，其后可接that/when引导的从句HegetsupearlyeverydayexceptSunday.【语境应用】选词填空。1)Somepeoplechoosejobsformoney,whileotherpeoplechoosejobsforreasons_____________(besides/except)moneythesedays.2)Thesunisshiningbright,andthewindfeelssoft.Everythingisperfect______________(apartfrom/besides)thetrafficjam.3)_____________________________(apartfrom/besides/inadditionto)LiHua,eightstudentsaregoingtotakepartinthesportsmeetingtobeheldthisFriday.besides

apartfrom

Apartfrom/Besides/Inadditionto2.However,newresearchsuggeststhatthestorymaybefictioninsteadoffact.然而，新的研究表明，这个故事可能是虚构的，不是事实。e.g.Canwerecyclethepaperinsteadofdumpingit?Let'splaycardsinsteadofwatchingtelevision.insteadof:inplaceof；ratherthan而不是，代替后接名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语。insteadof与instead易混词(组)用法例句insteadof介词短语，后面一般接名词(短语)、代词、动名词(短语)作宾语Insteadofbeingannoyed,heseemedquitepleased.instead副词，单独使用MrWangisill.MrLiwilltakehisplaceinstead.【语境应用】选词填空：instead与insteadof1)Hedecidedthathewoulddriveallthewayhome____________puttingupatahotelforthenight.2)Jackdidn’thavenoodlesforlunch.___________,hehadriceandfish.insteadofInstead3.Thewell-knownstoryisthattheAmericanFoundingFatherandscientistflewakiteduringastormin1752.这一广为人知的故事讲述了这位美国开国元勋和科学家在1752年的一场暴风雨中放风筝的经历。

that引导的表语从句，that只起引导作用，在从句中不做成分。flyakite放风筝4.Heraisedthekitewithapieceofstringtiedtoit.他在风筝上面系了一根绳子，把风筝放上天。本句中“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的复合结构作定语，

todowith+sb/sth+ingdoneadj/adv/介短withapieceofstringtiedtoit是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的复合结构，该结构作定语，修饰thekite，动词过去分词短语tiedtoit作宾语补足语。e.g.Theman__________________

hischestistheheadmasterofourschool.双臂交叉在胸前的那个人是我们学校的校长。Ourteachercamein_________________.我们的老师手里拿着一本书进来了。

_______________

theway,theystartedtowardsthevillage.由一个小男孩领着路，他们朝那个村子去了。Ihavetogotobed_______________.

由于没有什么事情可以做，所以我只好上床睡觉。Thecityliesinavalley____________________.这座城市位于一个由高山环抱的山谷中。

withhisarmscrossedonwithabookinhishandWithaboyleadingwithnothingtodo.

withhighmountainsaroundit5.Ametalkeywasattachedtothestring.

细绳上绑着一把金属钥匙。attachv.tofasten,joinorconnect;toplaceorfixinposition

系;绑;贴;固定;连接;附上toconsidersthhavethatquality

认为……有（重要性、价值、意义等）e.g.Thehospitalisattachedtothefamousmedicalschool.Weneedtoattachgreatimportancetoprotecting

ourenvironment.attachto把……系在……上，把……附在……上attachgreatimportance/significance/valueto重视attachedadj.

依恋；依附于beattachedto附属于；依恋/爱慕……attachmentn.

连接；附属物，附件；依恋，爱慕e.g.Heissoattachedtothenetworkgamesthatheoftenmissedtheclasses.Infantsmayformattachmentstoanycaregiver.Pleasefindmyapplicationletterandresume(简历)intheattachment.【语境应用】单句语法填空。Iwillattachadocument__________theletter.Pleasesignitandmailitbacktomeassoonaspossible.用attach,join与connect的适当形式填空。1)Theopenedlinkisusedto__________thetwoendsofthechain(链条).2)Icannot__________thetwothingsinmymind.3)Ahorsewas__________toapost.tojoinconnectattachedapproachn.

方法,途径

靠近;接近6.Morethanonegenerationofschoolchildrenhasbeenamazedbyhisbraveryandhisscientificapproachtolookingforthetruth.

数代的学生都叹服于他的勇气和寻找真理的科学方法。anapproachto(doing)sth……的方法；通往……的道路attheapproachof…在接近……的时候theapproachof………的来临

v.

走近，靠近，接近，对付，处理【语境应用】单句语法填空。1)Thebestapproachto_________(build)upyourbodyistodoexerciseeveryday.2)Theapproach_________winterbringscoldweather.3)Wehavefoundanewapproach_________thestudyofEnglish.4)Manykindsofbirdsflysouth_________theapproachofwinter.buildingoftoat

approach,way,means,method与manner词条用法approach指待人接物或思考问题的方式、方法或态度，常见于短语theapproachtosth/doingsth中way使用范围很广，但较多地用在具体的事情上或口语中，常见于inthisway,thewaytodosth,thewayofdoingsth等短语中means指实现目的的任何手段，或采用某种交通工具，常见于bymeansof等短语中method指有条理的、系统的方法，特别指新的方法，常见于短语themethodof(doing

)sth中manner指特殊的或独特的方式、方法，与行为、动作有关8.AlthoughithasbeenprovedthatFranklin’sexperimenttookplace.Morethanonescientisthasquestionedwhatreallyhappened.虽然已经证明富兰克林的实验发生了，但是不止一个科学家对实验真相提出了质疑。e.g.Whendoesyourweddingtakeplace?

Thegeneralstriketookplacein1923.takeplace:

(根据计划或安排)发生takeplace,happen,occur,breakout与comeabout词条用法takeplace表示按照事先的安排或计划发生、进行，多指运动、变化、进步、会议或婚礼等happen指某事偶然发生，常带有未能预见的意思；happento常用来表示“遭到；遇到”occur“发生；想起”Sthoccurstosb(=Itoccurstosbthat…)“某人突然想起某事”breakout指战争、火灾、疾病等“突然爆发”comeabout“发生，产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么发生；常用于疑问句和否定句中，多与how连用【语境应用】用happen,takeplace,occur,comeabout与breakout的适当形式填空。1)Theidea______________tohiminadreamlastnight.2)Greatchangeshave______________inourcityduringthepasttenyears.3)Howdidthatsituation______________?4)Abigfire______________lastnight.5)Abadaccident______________tothatfamily.occurred

takenplace

comeaboutbrokeouthappenedtaketheplaceof 代替(动词短语)takeone’splace 代替某人；就座inplaceof 代替(介词短语)inplace 在正确位置；准备妥当由place构成的其他短语9.SomehaveevenquestionedthestoryabouttheapplethatfellonNewton’sheadandledhimtocomeupwithhistheoryofgravity.有个故事讲了牛顿的头被一个掉落的苹果砸中了，这让他提出了(万有)引力定律。有些科学家甚至质疑这个故事(的真实性)。comeupwith:

想出或提出(主意、计划、方案等)putupwith 容忍catchupwith 赶上keepupwith 跟上endupwith 以……结束makeupwith 与……和好“动词+upwith”型的其他短语【语境应用】用comeupwith,putupwith,keepupwith与endupwith的适当形式填空。1)MymainreasonforsubscribingtoNewScientististo______________advancesinscience.2)Thepartyheldyesterday______________asong.3)Itissurprisingthathecould______________suchaperfectideatoimprovethework.4)Ican’t______________heranymorebecausesheneverstopscomplaining.keepupwithendedupwithcomeupwithputupwith10.Infact,morethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.

事实上，不止一处资料显示，虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明这个苹果恰好砸在了他的头上。accountn.

叙述，描写

账户引导宾语从句引导让步状语从句引导同位语从句givesb.anaccountof 向某人描述……onaccountof 由于……

takeaccountof=take…intoaccount 考虑到，顾及open/closeanaccount

开立/结清账户accountfor解释,说明……的原因【语境应用】选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形式填空1)Flightsweredelayedtwohours_____________thethickfog.2)Theboywasasked_______________hisbeinglateagain.3)We