英语专四试题讲解及答案

英语专四试题讲解及答案姓名：____________________

一、单项选择题（每题1分，共20分）

1.Thesentence"Shehasagreatmanyfriends,allofwhomareverykindandhelpful."canbesimplifiedto:

A.Shehasalotoffriends,allofwhomareverykindandhelpful.

B.Shehasmanyfriends,allofthemareverykindandhelpful.

C.Shehasmanyfriends,allwhomareverykindandhelpful.

D.Shehasagreatdealoffriends,allofthemareverykindandhelpful.

2.Thecorrectprepositiontouseinthesentence"Heisfamousforhisgenerosity."is:

A.in

B.of

C.with

D.for

3.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectwaytoexpress"Ihavenotseenhimforalongtime."?

A.Ihavenotseenhimforalongtime.

B.Ididn'tseehimforalongtime.

C.Ididn'tseehimalongtimeago.

D.Ihaven'tseenhimforalongtime.

4.Thephrase"apieceof"iscommonlyusedtoreferto:

A.apieceofpaper

B.apieceoffruit

C.apieceofmusic

D.alloftheabove

5.Thecorrectwaytoexpress"Ihavenevereatensuchdeliciousfoodbefore."is:

A.Ihavenevereatensuchdeliciousfoodbefore.

B.Ididn'teatsuchdeliciousfoodbefore.

C.Ihaven'teatensuchdeliciousfoodbefore.

D.Ididnoteatsuchdeliciousfoodbefore.

二、多项选择题（每题3分，共15分）

6.Choosethecorrectformsoftheverbsinparenthesestocompletethefollowingsentences:

a.He(be)ateacher.

b.She(go)tothemarket.

c.They(do)theirhomework.

d.I(have)alotofworktodo.

A.is,goes,do,have

B.am,go,does,have

C.are,goes,does,has

D.am,goes,do,has

7.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribeapersonwhoiskindandgenerous?

A.stingy

B.generous

C.selfish

D.unkind

8.Choosethecorrectpastparticipleformsoftheverbsinparenthesestocompletethefollowingsentences:

a.He(finish)hiswork.

b.She(leave)theparty.

c.They(meet)atthestation.

d.I(find)mykeys.

A.finished,left,met,found

B.finished,left,met,finding

C.finishing,left,met,finding

D.finished,left,met,found

9.Whichofthefollowingphrasescanbeusedtoexpress"inorderto"?

A.sothat

B.inorderto

C.inorderthat

D.to

10.Choosethecorrectformoftheverbinparenthesestocompletethefollowingsentences:

a.She(go)tothestore.

b.He(notcome)totheparty.

c.They(notdo)theirhomework.

d.I(nothave)alotofmoney.

A.goes,notcome,notdo,nothave

B.going,notcame,notdid,nothad

C.go,notcoming,notdoing,nothaving

D.goes,notcame,notdid,nothad

三、判断题（每题2分，共10分）

11.Thesentence"Heistootiredtocontinuethework."isanegativesentence.()

12.Thephrase"apairof"isonlyusedtorefertoclothesorshoes.()

13.Thepasttenseof"do"is"done."()

14.Thecorrectwaytoexpress"Iamnothappywiththeresult."is"Iamnothappywiththeresults."()

15.Theword"although"isusedtoshowcontrastbetweentwoclauses.()

四、简答题（每题10分，共25分）

16.Explainthedifferencebetween"thereis"and"thereare"intermsofsubject-verbagreementandusage.

答案：Thedifferencebetween"thereis"and"thereare"liesinthesubjecttheyrefertoandtheverbstheyrequire."Thereis"isusedwhenreferringtoasingleitemorentity,anditrequiresasingularverb.Forexample,"Thereisabookonthetable."Ontheotherhand,"thereare"isusedwhenreferringtomorethanoneitemorentity,anditrequiresapluralverb.Forexample,"Therearemanybooksonthetable."

17.DescribethecorrectuseofthepassivevoiceinEnglish.

答案：ThepassivevoiceinEnglishisusedtoemphasizetheactionratherthanthedoer.Itisformedbyusingthepastparticipleoftheverbaftertheform"be"(am,is,are,was,were,be,being,been).Thesubjectofthepassivevoiceisthereceiveroftheaction.Forinstance,"TheletterwaswrittenbyJohn."Here,"Theletter"isthesubject,and"waswritten"isthepassivevoiceconstruction.

18.Explainhowtousethepresentperfecttensetodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandisstillcontinuingorisnotfinished.

答案：Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent,oractionsthatbeganinthepastandarefinishedbuthaveapresentresult.Itisformedwiththeauxiliaryverb"have"followedbythepastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"IhavebeenlearningEnglishforfiveyears."ThissentenceindicatesthattheactionoflearningEnglishstartedinthepastandisstillongoing.

19.Discussthestructureandfunctionofacompoundsentence.

答案：Acompoundsentenceismadeupoftwoormoreindependentclausesthatareconnectedbyacommafollowedbyacoordinatingconjunction(suchasfor,and,nor,but,or,yet,so)orasemicolon.Theclausesinacompoundsentencecanstandaloneascompletesentences.Forexample,"Iamtired,soIamgoingtobed."Here,"Iamtired"and"Iamgoingtobed"areindependentclausesconnectedbythecoordinatingconjunction"so."

20.Describetheproperwaytousedirectandindirectspeech.

答案：Directspeechiswhentheexactwordsofaspeakerarequoted.Itisintroducedbythenameofthespeakerorareportingverbsuchassaid,asked,etc.Forexample,"Johnsaid,'Iamgoingtothestore.'"Indirectspeechisarestatementofwhatsomeonehassaid,withoutusingtheexactwords.Itusesthepasttenseorpresentperfecttensewithreportingverbs.Forexample,"Johnsaidthathewasgoingtothestore."Inindirectspeech,thetensesareusuallychangedtoreflectthetimeofthereportingverb.

五、论述题

题目：HowdothedifferenttensesinEnglishcontributetotheclarityandeffectivenessofcommunication?

答案：ThedifferenttensesinEnglishplayacrucialroleintheclarityandeffectivenessofcommunicationbyprovidingspecificinformationaboutthetimeandcontinuityofactionsorstates.Eachtenseservesadistinctpurposeandhelpsthespeakerorwriterconveytheintendedmeaningmoreprecisely.

1.Thepresenttenseisusedtodescribeactionsorstatesthatarehappeningnow,orthataregeneraltruthsorhabitualactions.Itcontributestoclaritybyprovidingimmediateinformationaboutthecurrentsituationorrepeatedactions.Forexample,"Ieatbreakfasteverymorning."Thissentenceusesthepresenttensetoindicateadailyroutine.

2.Thepasttenseisusedtodescribeactionsorstatesthathavealreadyoccurred.Itisessentialforrecountingevents,expressingpastexperiences,ordescribingcompletedactions.Thepasttenseenhancescommunicationbyprovidingatimelineofevents.Forinstance,"IvisitedParislastyear."Thissentenceusesthepasttensetoindicateapastevent.

3.Thefuturetenseisusedtodescribeactionsorstatesthatwillhappeninthefuture.Itiscrucialforplanning,makingpredictions,orexpressingintentions.Thefuturetenseaddspredictabilityandanticipationtocommunication.Forexample,"IwilltraveltoJapannextsummer."Thissentenceusesthefuturetensetoindicateafutureplan.

4.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsorstatesthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent,oractionsthathaveapresentresult.Itiseffectiveincommunicatingongoingactions,recentexperiences,orcompletedactionswithapresentconnection.Forexample,"IhavebeenlearningSpanishfortwoyears."Thissentenceusesthepresentperfecttensetoindicateanactionthatbeganinthepastandisstillongoing.

5.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsorstatesthatoccurredbeforeanotherpastaction.Itprovidesasenseofsequenceandchronologyincommunication.Forexample,"Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforethebellrang."Thissentenceusesthepastperfecttensetoindicatethattheactionoffinishinghomeworkhappenedbeforeanotherpastaction(thebellringing).

6.Thefutureperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsorstatesthatwillhavebeencompletedatsomepointinthefuture.Itiseffectiveinexpressingfutureactionswithafuturecompletion.Forexample,"Bynextyear,Iwillhavefinishedmydegree."Thissentenceusesthefutureperfecttensetoindicateafutureactionthatwillbecompletedbyafuturepointintime.

Inconclusion,thedifferenttensesinEnglishareessentialtoolsforclearandeffectivecommunication.Theyallowspeakersandwriterstoconveytheintendedmeaningwithprecision,providingcontext,chronology,andcontinuitytotheinformationbeingshared.Theappropriateuseoftensescangreatlyenhancetheclarityandimpactofcommunicationinvariouscontexts.

试卷答案如下：

一、单项选择题答案及解析思路

1.D。本题考查定语从句的引导词。根据题干中的“allofwhom”可知，此处指代的是人，且表示所有关系，因此选择关系代词whom。选项A和B中的ofwhom不正确，选项C中的whom使用错误。

2.D。本题考查固定搭配。befamousfor意为“因……而著名”，因此选D。

3.A。本题考查时态的用法。根据句意“我已经很久没有见到他了”，应该用现在完成时态，表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，因此选A。

4.D。本题考查短语搭配。a