北京市通州区2022-2023学年高三上学期期中质量检测英语试卷（解析版）

通州区2022—2023学年第一学期高三年级期中质量检测英语试卷第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。BrothersColeandBlakeMeyerareaged10and8.TheywereontheirbikesheadedtogofishinginJunewhentheysawsomething___1___downtheroadfromtheirnorthernIowahome.Therewereabunchofdeadbabyturtles,___2___bycarsonthemainroadbetweentwowetlands,VenturaMarsh(沼泽)andClearLake.Thetwoboysfeltsadforthem,sotheyclimbedofftheirbikesandbeganhelpingothersmallturtlesthatwere___3___crossingtotheothersideoftheroad.Prettysoon,thebrotherswerejoinedbythreefriendsandtheboys___4___theywouldspendasmuchtimeastheycouldthissummergivingturtlesa___5___acrosstheroad.Theboysarestillatit,spendingatleastanhourortwoadaypickingupWesternPaintedTurtlesthat___6___betweenthemarshandthelake.Theysafelywatchforturtlesfromanearbybikepathandcrosstheroadthemselves___7___there’snotraffic.Butoccasionally,they’llholduptheirarmstostopacarifthereareturtlesonthemove.Theboysestimatethey’ve___8___morethan200,andtheydon’tseemtomindthatit’scutintotheirfishingtime.“Whatthesekidsaredoingis___9___,andIhopetheirloveof_____10_____stayswiththemthroughouttheirlives,”fisheriesbiologistGrummersaid.1.A.common B.awful C.confusing D.desirable2.A.flattened B.strengthened C.brightened D.weakened3.A.safely B.regularly C.slowly D.finally4.A.pretended B.commented C.suspected D.decided5.A.lift B.chance C.name D.trial6.A.fall B.choose C.cross D.wait7.A.sothat B.onlyif C.eventhough D.incase8.A.collected B.used C.trained D.saved9.A.wonderful B.strange C.embarrassing D.legal10.A.adventure B.freedom C.conservation D.observation【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.D5.A6.C7.B8.D9.A10.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文讲述了几个男孩因为看到乌龟在过马路时被汽车压死的惨象后决定要帮助乌龟安全过马路的故事。【1题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：六月，他们骑着自行车准备去钓鱼，突然在他们位于爱荷华州北部的家附近的路上看到了糟糕的事情。A.common普通的；B.awful讨厌的、糟糕的；C.confusing令人疑惑的；D.desirable向往的。根据后文“Therewereabunchofdeadbabyturtles,”可知，他们看到路上有一群死掉的小乌龟。结合常识，对于小孩子来说，看见死掉的小动物一定是“糟糕的”。故选B项。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在文图拉沼泽和清湖的两个湿地之间的主干道上，有一堆被汽车压平的死乌龟。A.flattened变平；B.strengthened加强、巩固；C.brightened变亮；D.weakened使醒来。根据后文“bycars”可知，是汽车“杀死”了这群小乌龟。结合常识可知，是汽车没有停车让乌龟过马路，而是直接压了过去，把乌龟压平、压死了。故选A项。【3题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：两个男孩为它们感到难过，于是他们从自行车上爬下来，开始帮助其他正在慢慢过马路的小乌龟。A.safely安全地；B.regularly经常地；C.slowly慢慢地；D.finally最后。结合句意可知，过马路的是乌龟，而乌龟走路很慢。故选C项。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：男孩们决定，这个夏天他们要尽可能多地花时间帮助乌龟们过马路。A.pretended假装；B.commented评论；C.suspected怀疑；D.decided决定。根据后文“Theboysarestillatit,spendingatleastanhourortwoadaypickingupWesternPaintedTurtles”可知，男孩们为帮助乌龟过马路付诸了行动，所以前文应该是“决定”要帮助乌龟。故选D项。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：男孩们决定，这个夏天他们要尽可能多地花时间帮助乌龟们过马路。A.lift便车；B.chance机会；C.name名字；D.trial尝试。固定短语givealift意为“搭便车”，符合句意。作者在这里是以诙谐幽默的方式讲述男孩们帮助乌龟过马路。故选A项。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：男孩们仍然在做这件事，每天至少花一两个小时，捡拾穿过沼泽和湖泊的西部彩龟。A.fall掉下；B.choose选择；C.cross穿过；D.wait等待。根据上文“Therewereabunchofdeadbabyturtles,flattenedbycarsonthemainroadbetweentwowetlands,VenturaMarshandClearLake.”可知，乌龟是想从一个沼泽地过马路到另一个沼泽地的途中被汽车压死，所以男孩们是帮助他们过马路，过马路用介词cross，符合句意。故选C项。【7题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他们会在附近的自行车道上安全地观察乌龟，只有在没有车辆的情况下才会自己过马路。A.sothat以便；B.onlyif除非、只有；C.eventhough即使；D.incase万一。根据safely“安全地”可知，男孩们帮助乌龟过马路会注意安全，遵守交通规则。所以用B项表示“只有”，引导条件状语从句符合句意。故选B项。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们估计他们已经救了两百多只乌龟。A.collected收集；B.used使用；C.trained训练；D.saved救、节约。结合文意可知，男孩们的举动是为了能让乌龟们能够安全过马路而不被汽车压死，所以是“救了乌龟的命”。故选D项。【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：渔业生物学家格鲁默说：“这些孩子所做的事情非常棒，我希望他们对自然保护的热爱会伴随他们一生。”A.wonderful极好的；B.strange奇怪的；C.embarrassing令人尴尬的；D.legal合法的。根据常识，男孩们的行为保护了上百只乌龟的生命，是一件好事。故选A项。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：渔业生物学家格鲁默说：“这些孩子所做的事情非常棒，我希望他们对自然保护的热爱会伴随他们一生。”A.adventure冒险；B.freedom自由；C.conservation保护；D.observation观察。综合文意，男孩们因为看到被汽车压死的乌龟，决定要帮助乌龟过马路而拯救乌龟的生命，这是对生命的尊重和保护。故选C项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。“Childrenlookatscreensfortoolongeveryday,anddon’texerciseandsleepenough,andit’saffectingtheircognitive(认知的)ability”,researchershavesaid____11____anewreport.Researchers____12____(study)howmanychildrenarefollowingrecommendedscreentime,exercise,andsleepguidelines.____13____(publish)onWednesdayinTheLancetChild&AdolescentHealth,thestudyshowedthatmostU.S.childrenaren’tmeetingtherecommendationsanditcouldbeaffectingtheircognition.【答案】11.in12.studied13.Published【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一份最新的研究报告，报告表明儿童每天看屏幕的时间过长，会影响他们的认知能力。【11题详解】考查介词。句意：研究人员在一份新报告中称：“孩子们每天看屏幕的时间过长，缺乏锻炼和充足睡眠，这影响了他们的认知能力。”结合句意可知，前文是研究报告里的内容，即在这份报告里，介词in表示“在……里”，符合文意。故填in。【12题详解】考查动词时态。句意：研究人员研究了有多少儿童遵守了屏幕时间、锻炼和睡眠指南的建议。空处为主句谓语动词，结合句意可知，这里只是在陈述一件发生在过去的事情，用一般现在时即可。故填studied。【13题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：杂志上的这项研究表明，大多数美国儿童没有达到推荐标准，这可能会影响他们的认知能力。主语thestudy和提示词publish为动宾关系，表示“研究被发表”，故需要填过去分词表被动；位于句首需要大写字母“P”。故填Published。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。WhenIwasalittleboy,I____14____(convince)Iwasn’t“smart”.However,Ms.Jambardtotallychangedme.Ms.Jambard,____15____taughtmeinthefifthgrade,tookaninstantlikingtome.Ofallthesubjectsinschool,readingwasmyfavorite.Shewouldtellme,“Terry,youkeepreading.Ifyoucanunderstandwhatyou’rereading,you’llbe____16____(smart)thanmostkids.”Ididasshetoldmeto.SoonIcouldn’tfindenoughtoread,andIstartedto____17____(true)likeschool.BecauseofMs.Jambard’sconfidenceinme,Iwentontohaveasuccessfulcareerinengineeringandlaw.【答案】14.wasconvinced15.who16.smarter17.truly【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从小被人说“不聪明”，长大后因为一位老师而改变了对自己的看法，从此有了自信，并在机械工程和法学上获得成功的故事。14题详解】考查动词的语态。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我坚信我不“聪明”。分析句子成分可知，主语I和谓语动词convince表示“说服”为动宾关系，意为“我被说服”，故需要用被动语态；由从句中was可知，主句也需要用一般过去时态进行对应。故填wasconvinced。【15题详解】考查定语从句。句意：Jambard老师是我五年级的老师，她立刻喜欢上了我。分析句子成分可知，____2____taughtmeinthefifthgrade为非限制性定语从句，前文由逗号隔开，先行词为Ms.Jambard，表人，故需要填关系代词who在从句中作主语。故填who。【16题详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：如果你能理解你所读的东西，你就会比大多数孩子都要聪明。根据空后的than可知，空处需要填形容词的比较级；提示词smart意为“聪明的”，其比较级形式为smarter。故填smarter。【17题详解】考查副词。句意：很快，我就找不到足够的书来读了，并且我开始真正喜欢上学。分析句子可知，空处用于修饰后文动词like，故需要填副词；提示词true为形容词，表示“真的”，其副词形式为truly，符合句意。故填truly。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Thescientistsalreadyknewthatkeepingcubs(幼兽)safe,healthy,andfedisafull-timejobforafemaletiger.Buttheyweren’texactlysurehowmothertigersdidit.By____18____(combine)moderntechnologyandtraditionaltracking,scientistscouldgetauniquelookathowVarvara,amommatiger,managedtogetitall____19____(do).Withonlyanestimated600Siberiantigersleftinthewild,scientistshopethatthemoretheylearnabout____20____tigerfamiliesneed,thebetterhumanswe’llbeabletokeepthemsafe.【答案】18.combinig19.done20.what【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述是科学家们为保护野生西伯利亚虎所作出的努力。【18题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：通过结合现代技术和传统跟踪，科学家们可以以独特的方式观察Varvara，一只虎妈妈，是如何完成这一切的。设空处在句中作非谓语，空前为介词by，设空处应用动名词作宾语。故填combining。【19题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作非谓语，和逻辑主语all之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用动词的过去分词作宾语补足语。故填done。【20题详解】考查连词。句意：据估计，野生西伯利亚虎只剩下600只，科学家们希望他们对老虎家族的需求了解得越多，人类就能更好地保护它们的安全。设空处引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语，指物，应用连接代词what。故填what。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhatareyouwatching?IloveCBS’sEverybodyLovesRaymond.Thecharactersaresorealandthedrama,thoughhumorous,dealswithseriousquestionsofself-worthandhowitplaysoutinfamilyrelationships.Iespeciallylovetheparentsandtheolderbrother,Robert.Evenwhenthey’reawful,youhavetolovethem!——JenniferQuinnTooCuteairsonAnimalPlanet.You’llfindyourselfsmilingandlaughingatthefunnystoriesofpuppiesandkittens(小狗和小猫)astheygrow.Theirinteractionswithotheranimalsarefun,too.You’vebeenwarned!——NeenaLurveyIamcurrentlywatchingtheNetflixseriesOzark,whichstarsJasonBatemanandisnowinitssecondseason.ThecrimedramaissetatLakeoftheOzarksinMissouri.AlthoughtheareainGeorgiawheretheshowisfilmedlooksnothinglikethehugelypopularMissouritouristareatheseriesportrays(描绘),it’soneofthebestcrimedramasavailable.——W.S.BlevinsSolarisisoneofmyfavoritemoviestowatchandrewatch.Itisasci-fifilmbasedonabookbyStanislawLemandstarsGeorgeClooney.ThefilmissetalmostentirelyonaspacestationorbitingtheplanetSolaris.Clooney’scharacterstrugglestoworkoutandunderstandwhymysteriousthingsarehappeningtothepeoplenearSolaris.Thefilmmainlyconsistsofquestions,bothspokenandimplied,noneofwhicharereallyanswered.Theendingsaremanyandarewhattheindividualviewerwantsthemtobe.——KarenNeff21.Whichofthefollowingdealswithfamilyrelationships?A.Ozark. B.Solaris.C.EverybodyLovesRaymond. D.TooCute.22.Whoiswatchingacrimedrama?A.KarenNeff. B.W.S.Blevins. C.NeenaLurvey. D.JenniferQuinn.23.WhatdoweknowaboutSolaris?A.Itisanopen-endedmovie. B.Itisbasedonatruestory.C.ItfocusesonpeoplelivingonSolaris. D.Itanswersmanyquestionsaboutspaceexploration.【答案】21.C22.B23.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章呈现了四个观众对四部影视作品的评价，分别介绍了这四部电影和电视剧。21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“IloveCBS’sEverybodyLovesRaymond.Thecharactersaresorealandthedrama,thoughhumorous,dealswithseriousquestionsofself-worthandhowitplaysoutinfamilyrelationships.(我喜欢CBS的《人人都爱雷蒙德》。剧中的角色是如此真实，这部剧虽然幽默，但却处理了关于自我价值的严肃问题，以及它如何在家庭关系中发挥作用。)”可知，EverybodyLovesRaymond处理了家庭关系。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“IamcurrentlywatchingtheNetflixseriesOzark,whichstarsJasonBatemanandisnowinitssecondseason.ThecrimedramaissetatLakeoftheOzarksinMissouri.(我现在正在看Netflix的电视剧《欧扎克》，由杰森·贝特曼主演，现在已经是第二季了。这部犯罪剧以密苏里州的欧扎克湖为背景。)”可知，Ozark是犯罪剧，对应的观众是W.S.Blevins。故选B项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Theendingsaremanyandarewhattheindividualviewerwantsthemtobe.(结局有很多种，这也是每个观众想要的。)”可知，这部电影是开放式结局，A项正确。根据“Itisasci-fifilmbasedonabookbyStanislawLemandstarsGeorgeClooney.(这是一部根据斯坦尼斯劳·莱姆的一本书改编的科幻电影，由乔治·克鲁尼主演。)”可知，这部电影是根据一本书改编的，而不是基于真实故事，故排除B项。根据“Clooney’scharacterstrugglestoworkoutandunderstandwhymysteriousthingsarehappeningtothepeoplenearSolaris.(克鲁尼的角色努力想要弄明白为什么神秘的事情发生在Solaris附近的人们身上。)”可知，电影关注的是住在Solaris附近的人，故排除C项。根据“Thefilmmainlyconsistsofquestions,bothspokenandimplied,noneofwhicharereallyanswered.(这部电影主要由问题组成，有口头的，也有暗示的，没有一个是真正的答案。)”可知，电影本身并没有回答关于太空探索的问题，排除D项。故选A项。BIalwaysimaginedI’dbeagoodbirderoneday.Butitwasnottobe.IfinallyhadtoacknowledgethisthedayImetarealbirder.Towardevening,abeautifulsongeruptedfromthewoods.“Oh!What’sthatone?”Iasked.Shelookedatmewithunbelievingeyesandsaid,“That’sstillacardinal(红雀).”Nevertheless,afterdecades,I’vegottenprettygoodatthe20orsoregularbirdvisitorstomygarden.AndnowIhaveanewambition.Iwanttobeabletotellindividualbirdsapart.Youknow,mypersonalbirds.Ithoughtmyabilitytodistinguishourlocalhummingbirds(蜂鸟)wouldbelimitedtotellingthefemalesfromthemales,whichiseasy,becausetheirfeatherslookdifferent.Butthere’swaymoregoingonthanthat.Igetagoodlookbecause,likemanypeople,Iputoutanectar(花蜜)feeder.That’smainlyformybenefit,todrawthemclose.Hummingbirdsgetplentyofjuicefrommyflowers.Buttheyalsoeatinsectsandspiders.Somemorethanothers.Thehummingbirdthathasdominated(控制)ourfeeder—HannibalNectar—isoneround,spider-filledlittleball.Butthenthere’sNoodle.ShevisitsthefeederanytimeshesensesHannibalisn’tlooking.ShealwayspicksherplacecarefullysoshecanlookoutforHannibal.Shelooksright,left,up,down,andonlythenlowersandsuckseverythingshecan.Hannibalcomeswaymoreoftenanddrinkslessatatime,becauseheknowshe’stheboss.Buthe’salsotheonlyhummingbirdI’veseenthatmakesaregularhabitofcheckingoutthenectarfeederfromunderneath.Iknowwhathe’sdoing:Theremightbeants.PoorNoodle.She’llbeattackingspiderwebsformaterialforhernestoneofthesedays,andIhopeshe’srealcomfortableinthere,becausethat’soneplaceHannibalwillnotbeinvited.I’dlovetobringherahousewarminggift.Maybeanicespiderpotpie.24.Howdidtheauthorprobablyfeelafterhearingtherealbirder’sanswer?A.Excited. B.Moved. C.Frightened. D.Embarrassed.25.Forwhatmajorpurposedidtheauthorsetupanectarfeeder?A.Tohunthummingbirds. B.Totrainhummingbirds.C.Toobservehummingbirds. D.Togivehummingbirdsahome.26.HowisHannibaldifferentfromNoodle?A.Heismorebattlesome. B.Heeatsinsectsandspiders.C.Hesucksmorenectaratatime. D.Heisparticularaboutthematerialforhisnest.27.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Thejoyofraisingbirds B.UsefuladvicefromarealbirderC.Therearebirds,andthenthere’sNoodle D.Hummingbirdsbringmusictomygarden【答案】24.D25.C26.A27.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对蜂鸟的喜爱以及蜂鸟给作者的花园带来的乐趣。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“IalwaysimaginedI’dbeagoodbirderoneday.(我一直幻想着有一天我会成为一名优秀的观鸟者)”以及““Oh!What’sthatone?”Iasked.Shelookedatmewithunbelievingeyesandsaid,“That’sstillacardinal(红雀).”(“哦！那是什么？”我问。她用不相信的眼神看着我说“那还是红雀。”)”可知，作者认为自己是一名优秀的观鸟者，但是自己没有辨认出红雀。由此推知，作者听到真正的观鸟者的回答后可能会感到尴尬。故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Igetagoodlookbecause,likemanypeople,Iputoutanectar(花蜜)feeder.That’smainlyformybenefit,todrawthemclose.(我看得很清楚，因为，像许多人一样，我放了一个花蜜喂食器。这主要是为了我好，为了把它们拉近)”可知，作者设置了一个花蜜喂食器，是为了观察蜂鸟。故选C。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Thehummingbirdthathasdominated(控制)ourfeeder—HannibalNectar—isoneround,spider-filledlittleball.Butthenthere’sNoodle.ShevisitsthefeederanytimeshesensesHannibalisn’tlooking.ShealwayspicksherplacecarefullysoshecanlookoutforHannibal.Shelooksright,left,up,down,andonlythenlowersandsuckseverythingshecan.(在喂食器中占主导地位的蜂鸟是HannibalNectar——一个圆形的、布满蜘蛛的小球。但是还有Noodle。只要Hannibal不注意，她就会去拜访喂食器。她总是小心挑选自己的位置这样她就能观察Hannibal。她左看右看，上看下看，然后才把所有东西都放下来吸)”可知，Noodle在吸食花蜜的时候，会提防Hannibal。由此推知，Hannibal更强壮、更具有战斗力。故选A。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“IalwaysimaginedI’dbeagoodbirderoneday.(我一直幻想着有一天我会成为一名优秀的观鸟者)”及第二段“Nevertheless,afterdecades,I’vegottenprettygoodatthe20orsoregularbirdvisitorstomygarden.AndnowIhaveanewambition.Iwanttobeabletotellindividualbirdsapart.(尽管如此，几十年后，我已经很擅长接待那些经常到我花园来的20只左右的鸟了。现在我有了新的抱负。我想要能够区分不同的鸟)”和后文作者对蜂鸟的观察可知，文章主要讲述了作者对蜂鸟的喜爱以及蜂鸟给作者的花园带来的乐趣。由此可知，Hummingbirdsbringmusictomygarden(蜂鸟给我的花园带来了音乐)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。CMusichasaroleineventhemostunexcitingactivitiesfromgroceryshoppingtocommutingorsimplydoinghomework.It’sthesoundtracktoourlives.Buthavewelostfocusofwhatinitiallyattractedustomusic?Recently,therehasbeenariseinthepopularityofcollectingvinylrecords(黑胶唱片)acrosstheworld.AccordingtoasurveyconductedbymarketresearchcompanyYouGovlastyear,oneinfour18-24-year-oldsboughtavinylrecordintheUK.Ithasremindedsomethatmusicisnotjustbackgroundsoundstoguideusthroughourroutines,butanarttobeappreciated.Ofcourse,accesstomusicviamp3playersorservicesandplatformsismoreconvenient,buttheappealofvinylcomesintheauthenticityofthesounditself.Olderrecordscanhaveabitofa“scratchy(带沙沙杂音的)”soundorhavetheoccasionalpop.Forsome,thismakesthemusicsoundmorereal,particularlyifit’sfromamusicianorbandfromdecadesago.Thisalsogivesinsight(领悟)intotheactualhistoryofthemusicandtherecorditself,aseachpressingmayhaveitsownquirks(奇事).Imyselfownrecordsthatmyparentspasseddowntome.Icanpickoneupandseemyfather’snameonthecoverthathescrawledwhenhewasakid.Puttingitonmyturntable(唱盘),Igettohearwhatheheard.Becauserecordsaretangibleobjects,itisauniquewayforpeopletopassmusicontoyoungergenerationsandleavealegacy(遗产)ofsorts.Anotherbenefittolisteningtovinylisthatitmakesthelistenerfocusonthemusicitselfbyitsmediumalone.Asopposedtojustpressingabuttononyourphone,thosewholistentorecordshavetopickoutthealbumandplayitonaturntable.Thisrequiresaconsciouseffortwhenmakingaselection—notjusthittingthebuttontoplayapre-recordedplaylist.Asthisisnotamobilemedium,thefocusismorelikelytobeonthemusic.Ofcourse,thepopularityofDJshasalsohelpedbringvinylintothespotlightinrecentyears.Asmoreyoungpeoplearegettingintothistypeofmusic,theyarestartingtoseehowDJsuseanalogequipment.Ratherthanarmedwithjustacomputer,youngartistsaretoting(携带)aroundbagsofvinylrecordsandsettingupturntablestospinforeageryouths.Withoutadoubt,thismediumhasgivenmorefocusonwhatwesometimestakeforgranted:thejoyofmusic.28.WhatdidthesurveyofYouGovshow?A.Musiciseverywhereinpeople’sdailylives.B.Manyyoungpeoplearebuyingvinylrecords.C.Backgroundnoisecanalsobetreatedasanart.D.Teenagerswerethemainbuyersofvinylrecords.29.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Vinylrecordsimproveyourtasteinmusic.B.Mp3playershavebeenreplacedbyvinylrecords.C.Scratchysoundsonvinylcanmakethemusiclessenjoyable.D.Vinylrecordscangiveagoodsenseofthehistoryofthemusic.30.Whichstatementaboutvinylrecordsdoestheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Theycanbefamilytreasures. B.Selectinganalbumisdifficult.C.TheircollectorsaremostlyDJs. D.Theyaretoocomplicatedtooperate.31.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthisarticle?A.Toexpressherloveformusic. B.Torecallhermemoriesofvinyl.C.Tocomparevinylwithdigitalmusic. D.Totellwhyvinylisgainingpopularity.【答案】28.B29.D30.A31.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要对比了比较黑胶和数字音乐，突出了黑胶音乐的优点。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“AccordingtoasurveyconductedbymarketresearchcompanyYouGovlastyear,oneinfour18-24-year-oldsboughtavinylrecordintheUK.(根据市场调查公司YouGov去年进行的一项调查，四分之一的18-24岁青少年在英国购买了黑胶唱片)”可知，许多的年轻人正在购买黑胶唱片。故选B项。【29题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Ofcourse,accesstomusicviamp3playersorservicesandplatformsismoreconvenient,buttheappealofvinylcomesintheauthenticityofthesounditself.Olderrecordscanhaveabitofa“scratchy”soundorhavetheoccasionalpop.Forsome,thismakesthemusicsoundmorereal,particularlyifit’sfromamusicianorbandfromdecadesago.Thisalsogivesinsightintotheactualhistoryofthemusicandtherecorditself,aseachpressingmayhaveitsownquirks.(当然，通过mp3播放器或服务和平台访问音乐更方便，但黑胶的吸引力在于声音本身的真实性。较旧的唱片可能会有一点“刺耳”的声音，或者偶尔会流行。对于一些人来说，这让音乐听起来更真实，特别是如果它来自几十年前的音乐家或乐队。这也让我们对音乐和唱片本身的真实历史有了深入的了解，因为每种压音都可能有自己的怪癖)”可知，本段主要讲述了黑胶唱片更具有真实性和历史感。故选D项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Imyselfownrecordsthatmyparentspasseddowntome.Icanpickoneupandseemyfather’snameonthecoverthathescrawledwhenhewasakid.Puttingitonmyturntable,Igettohearwhatheheard.Becauserecordsaretangibleobjects,itisauniquewayforpeopletopassmusicontoyoungergenerationsandleavealegacyofsorts.(我自己也有父母传给我的记录。我可以拿起一张，在我父亲小时候潦草写下的封面上看到他的名字。把它放在我的转盘上，我就能听到他听到的。因为唱片是有形的物品，它是人们将音乐传递给年轻一代并留下某种遗产的独特方式)”可知，作者从父母那里获得了一些唱片，他认为唱片是有形的，可以是留给年轻一代的遗产。由此推知，作者可能会赞同A项“Theycanbefamilytreasures.(它们可以是家庭的宝贝)”。故选A项。【31题详解】推理判断题。浏览全文可知，作者将黑胶唱片音乐和电子音乐进行对比，突出黑胶唱片的音乐特点。且根据文章最后一段“Withoutadoubt,thismediumhasgivenmorefocusonwhatwesometimestakeforgranted:thejoyofmusic.(毫无疑问，这种媒介让我们更加关注我们有时认为理所当然的东西：音乐的乐趣)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是比较黑胶唱片和数字音乐。故选C项。DItseemsratherobviousthatfacialcharacteristicsaredeterminedbyourgenes.Butuntilrecentlygeneticists(遗传学家)hadverylittleunderstandingofwhichpartsofourDNAwerelinkedtoourfacialappearance.Aninternationalteamofresearchersidentifiedmorethan130chromosomal(染色体的)regionsassociatedwithspecificaspectsoffacialshape.Thisisacriticalfirststeptowardunderstandinghowgeneticsimpactourfaces,LiveSciencenoted.ResearchersscannedtheDNAofmorethan8,000peopleandanalyzeddozensofshapemeasurementsfromtheir3Dfacialimagestolookatthestatisticalrelationshipsbetweenabout7milliongeneticmarkers—knownlocationsinthegeneticcodewherehumansvary—andthefacialfeatures.“Whenwefindastatisticalrelationbetweenafacialfeatureandoneormoregeneticmarkers,itpointsustoaverypreciseregionofDNAonachromosome.Thegeneslocatedaroundthatregionthenbecomeourprimecandidatesforfacialfeatureslikenoseorlipshape,”SethWeinberg,co-authorofthestudy,wroteonLiveScience.Researchersdiscoveredsomeinterestingpatternsafterlookingattheimplicated(牵涉其中)genesattheseDNAregions.Yournoseisthepartthatismostinfluencedbyyourgenes.Areaslikethecheeks,whicharehighlyinfluencedbylifestylefactorslikediet,showedthefewestgeneticassociations.Thereisalsoahighdegreeofoverlap(重合)betweenthegenesinvolvedinfacialandlimbdevelopment.Thisprovidesanimportantclueastowhymanygeneticsyndromes(综合症)arecharacterizedbybothhandandfacialmalformations(畸形).Somegenesinvolvedinfacialshapemaybeinvolvedincancer,too.Itexplainswhypeopletreatedforpediatric(小儿科的)cancershowsomedistinctivefacialfeatures.So,cansomeonetakeyourDNAandconstructanaccurateimageofyourface?It’sunlikely.The130-plusgeneticregionsthatwereidentifiedexplainlessthan10percentofthevariationinfacialshape.Butevenifweunderstoodallofthegenesimpactingfacialappearance,predictionwouldstillbeabigchallenge.That’sbecausefacialfeaturesareaffectedbyotherfactorsaswell,suchasage,diet,climateandsunexposure.Stilltheknowledgeofpatients’geneticinformationcanbeaninvaluabletoolincreatingpersonalizedtreatmentplansinfieldslikeorthodontics(畸齿矫正学)orreconstructivesurgery.Forexample,ifsomedaydoctorscanusegeneticstopredictwhenachild’sjawwillhititsgrowthpeak,itwillhelpthemdecidethebesttimetointervene.32.What’sthemainpurposeoftheresearch?A.Toexplainwhyhumansvarybasedonstatistics.B.Toidentifythefactorsimpactingfacialappearance.C.Todiscoverthelinkbetweengenesandfacialfeatures.D.Tostudytherelationshipbetweenfacialfeaturesandgeneticmarkers.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?A.Thenoseismostinfluencedbygenes.B.Facialmalformationsaffectlimbdevelopment.C.Thecheeksaremostcloselyassociatedwithage.D.Facialshapeandcancerareimpactedbyexactlythesamegenes.34.Howcouldtheresearchbenefitpeople?A.Itcouldimproveorthodontictreatments.B.Itcouldbeusefulforchangingfacialshapes.C.Itcouldhelprecreateone’sjawatanearlyage.D.Itcouldhelppredictfacialappearancewithease.【答案】32.C33.A34.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章首先提出一个研究现状，即遗传学家对我们的DNA的哪些部分与我们的面部外观有关知之甚少，随后通过一系列的研究结果得出结论——预测长相仍然是一个挑战。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Itseemsratherobviousthatfacialcharacteristicsaredeterminedbyourgenes.Butuntilrecentlygeneticists(遗传学家)hadverylittleunderstandingofwhichpartsofourDNAwerelinkedtoourfacialappearance.(面部特征似乎很显然是由基因决定的。但直到最近，遗传学家对我们的DNA的哪些部分与我们的面部外观有关知之甚少。)”可知，后文的研究是为了找到基因和面部特征之间的关联。故选C项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Yournoseisthepartthatismostinfluencedbyyourgenes.(鼻子是受基因影响最大的部位。)”可知，鼻子被基因影响最大。故选A项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Still,theknowledgeofpatients’geneticinformationcanbeaninvaluabletoolincreatingpersonalizedtreatmentplansinfieldslikeorthodonticsorreconstructivesurgery.Forexample,ifsomedaydoctorscanusegeneticstopredictwhenachild’sjawwillhititsgrowthpeak,itwillhelpthemdecidethebesttimetointervene.(尽管如此，对患者基因信息的了解，对于在正畸或重建外科等领域制定个性化治疗计划来说，仍然是一个无价的工具。例如，如果有一天医生可以利用遗传学预测孩子的下巴何时会达到生长高峰，这将帮助他们决定干预的最佳时间。)”可知，遗传学可以帮助医生在病人年轻时重建下巴。故C项正确。A项为迷惑项，该段只提到遗传学可以帮助正畸制定个性化治疗，并不一定能提高正畸治疗的效果。根据文章倒数第二段“That’sbecausefacialfeaturesareaffectedbyotherfactorsaswell,suchasage,diet,climateandsunexposure.(这是因为面部特征也会受到其他因素的影响，比如年龄、饮食、气候和日照。)”可知，面部特征收到各种因素影响，所以遗传学不能帮助人们改变脸型，排除B项。根据文章倒数第二段“So,cansomeonetakeyourDNAandconstructanaccurateimageofyourface?It’sunlikely.(那么，有人能提取你的DNA并构建出你面部的精确图像吗？这几乎是不可能的。)”可知，研究结果并不可以帮助轻松预测面部外观，排除D项。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Failuretoaskforhelpcanaffectstudents’academicperformance,self-esteem(自尊),andpotentiallytheiraccesstolearninginthefuture.____35____,butthegoodnewsisthattherearemanystrategiesthatcanhelpthembecomestrongerself-advocatesfortheirlearning.____36____.Thisrequireshonestyandself-awareness—somestudentsdon’tthinktheyneedhelpevenwhenformalorinformalassessmentsindicateotherwise.Oncestudentsacknowledgethatthey’restruggling,theymayfeelshameorembarrassment.Manystudentshavetoldme,“____37____.Idon’tneedhelp.”Theyfearthataskingforhelpsignalsweaknessorfailureintheircharacter,thoughadultscouldtellthemthataskingforhelpisinsteadasignofmaturityandstrength.Teacherscanhelpstudentsunderstandhowtheylearnbestandempowerthemtobeadvocatesfortheirownlearningbyteachingthemhowtoaskforhelp.Herearetwostrategiesforimprovingstudents’self-advocacyskills.Strengthenstudents’metacognition(元认知).____38____.Afteratest,forexample,havestudentsanswerquestionsabouthowtheystudied,howmuchtimetheyspentstudying,theirtestgrade,andwhatthey’lldodifferentlyforthenexttest.Helpstudentsunderstandthatteacherswanttohelp.Askingstudentswhyanadultwouldchooseteachingasacareercanbeaneye-openingactivity.HavestudentspauseandreflectinsmallgroupsaboutwhytheythinkTeacherXbecameateacher.ThisisextrafunifTeacherXcanvisityourclassroomtohearthebrainstormedideas.Guidestudentstothefinalanswer:“____39____.”A.IwanttotryitonmyownB.TeachersbecometeachersbecausetheyliketohelpC.Studentsmustfirstrecognizethatthey’restrugglingD.I’veusedthisexercisetoshowthatIcareaboutthemE.ThereareseveralreasonswhystudentsstruggletoaskforhelpF.TeachersandparentsoftenactasexternalmonitorsofstudentprogressG.Teacherscanencouragestudentswithmetacognitiveteachingtothinkabouttheirlearning【答案】35.E36.C37.A38.G39.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了可以帮助学生成为更强的自我倡导者的一些方法。【35题详解】根据上句“Failuretoaskforhelpcanaffectstudents’academicperformance,self-esteem(自尊),andpotentiallytheiraccesstolearninginthefuture.(不寻求帮助会影响学生的学习成绩、自尊，并可能影响他们未来的学习机会)”说明不寻求帮助对学生的消极的影响，E项：Thereareseveralreasonswhystudentsstruggle