2025年高考英语二轮复习专题01 阅读理解之细节理解题（讲义）（解析版）

专题01阅读理解之细节理解题目录01考情透视·目标导航 202知识导图·思维引航 303考点突破·考向探究 4考点一考查直接信息理解题 4【真题研析】 4【核心精讲】 6【命题预测】 7考点二考查间接信息理解题 11【真题研析】 11【核心精讲】 15【命题预测】考点三考查数字计算题 19【真题研析】 19【核心精讲】 21【命题预测】 2204重难点突破细节理解题的解题关键 25阅读理解之细节理解考点目标要求年份卷别考题统计考情分析细节理解考查从文章中获取具体信息的能力2024新高考I卷21、22、23、24、25、30、32、33、34从近三年高考试题来看，细节理解题比较直接，理解字面意思即可答题；有时则较为间接，需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。细节理解题占阅读理解总题量的60%左右，考查通过阅读文章获取信息的能力。体裁以应用文为主，说明文和记叙文为辅。文章要求考生在正确理解语篇主要细节，熟悉同义句表达的方法。考高频命题点：通常采用同义句转换的形式改写题干和选项，考生识别同义句表达是关键。预计在2025年高考细节理解题仍然占阅读理解的主要部分。新高考II卷21、22、23、25、26、27、28、29、30、34全国甲卷22、23、24、25、28、30、32浙江卷1月21、22、23、25、26、27、28、29、32、33、342023新高考I卷21、23、24、26、28、33新高考II卷21、22、23、24、25、27、29、32、35全国甲卷21、22、23、26、27、28、30、32、34全国乙卷21、23、24、28、30浙江卷1月21、22、23、30、31、33、342022新高考I卷22、25、26、27、32、33新高考II卷21、22、23、25、26、27、29、34全国甲卷21、22、23、24、25、26、29、30、33、34、35全国乙卷21、22、23、24、26、32、33、34

考点一考查直接信息理解题1．(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷A节选)YellowstoneNationalParkoffersavarietyofrangerprogrammesthroughoutthepark,andthroughouttheyear.Thefollowingaredescriptionsoftherangerprogrammesthissummer.ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone(May26toSeptember2)Whetheryou’rehikingabackcountrytrail(小径),camping,orjustenjoyingthepark’samazingwildlifefromtheroad,thisquickworkshopisforyouandyourfamily.Learnwheretolookforanimalsandhowtosafelyenjoyyourwildlifewatchingexperience.MeetattheCanyonVillageStore.JuniorRangerWildlifeOlympics(June5toAugust21)KidscantesttheirskillsandcomparetheirabilitiestotheanimalsofYellowstone.Stayforaslittleoraslongasyourplansallow.MeetinfrontoftheVisitorEducationCentre.CanyonTalksatArtistPoint(June9toSeptember2)Fromaclassicviewpoint,enjoyLowerFalls,theYellowstoneRiver,andthebreathtakingcoloursofthecanyon(峡谷)whilelearningaboutthearea’snaturalandhumanhistory.Discoverwhyartistsandphotographerscontinuetobedrawntothisspecialplace.MeetonthelowerplatformatArtistPointontheSouthRimDriveforthisshorttalk.PhotographyWorkshops(June19&July10)Enhanceyourphotographyskills—joinYellowstone’sparkphotographerforahands-onprogrammetoinspirenewandcreativewaysofenjoyingthebeautyandwonderofYellowstone.6/19—Waterfalls&WideAngles:meetatArtistPoint.7/10—Wildflowers&WhiteBalance:meetatWashburnTrailheadinChittendenparkingarea.21.Whichofthefourprogrammesbeginstheearliest?A.PhotographyWorkshops.B.JuniorRangerWildlifeOlympics.C.CanyonTalksatArtistPoint.D.ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone.【答案】D【解析】根据各个活动的时间“ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone(May26toSeptember2)”、“JuniorRangerWildlifeOlympics(June5toAugust21)”、“CanyonTalksatArtistPoint(June9toSeptember2)”及“PhotographyWorkshops(June19&July10)”可知，四个项目中在黄石体验野生动物开始的时间最早。故选D。做事实细节题最基本也最常用的方法是题干定位法。一般在原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定答案。题干关键词theearliest。注意文章重点定位：找到文章中所有的时间信息，找出最早的一个。23.WherewilltheparticipantsmeetfortheJuly10photographyworkshop?A.ArtistPoint. B.WashburnTrailhead.C.CanyonVillageStore. D.VisitorEducationCenter.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章“PhotographyWorkshops(June19&July10)(摄影研讨会（6月19日和7月10日）)”部分中的“7/10—Wildflowers&WhiteBalance:meetatWashburnTrailheadinChittendenparkingarea.(7/10——Wildflowers&WhiteBalance：在奇滕登停车场的WashburnTrailhead举行)”可知，7月10日的摄影研讨会将在WashburnTrailhead举行。故选B。第一步：浏览题干，找到关键词。关键词:Where，meet，fortheJuly10photographyworkshop第二步：根据关键词，定位信息。定位原文信息:PhotographyWorkshops(June19&July10)部分中的“7/10—Wildflowers&WhiteBalance:meetatWashburnTrailheadinChittendenparkingarea.”第三步：比对选项信息。7月10日的摄影研讨会将在WashburnTrailhead举行。故选B。3.（2023·全国甲卷·阅读理解A节选）Bo.tanBo.tanhasbeenmakingwavesinBangkok’sculinaryscenesinceitopenedin2009.Servinghard-to-findThaidishesinanelegantatmosphere,therestaurantistruetoThaicuisine’sroots,yetstillmanagestoaddaspecialtwist.Thisplaceisgoodforacandlelitdinneroraworkmeetingwithcolleagueswhoappreciatefinefood.Forthoseextremelyhungrythere’salargesetmenu.2.Whichrestaurantoffersalargesetmenu?A.Gaggan. B.Bo.tan. C.IssayaSiameseClub. D.Nahm.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据小标题Bo.tan下的段落中“Forthoseextremelyhungrythere’salargesetmenu.(对于那些极度饥饿的人来说，这里有一份很大的套餐)”可知，Bo.tan提供大型套餐。故选B。4.（2023·全国乙卷·阅读理解A节选）PRACTITIONERSRebeccaLeeCrumpler(1831—1895)workedasanurseforeightyearsbeforestudyinginmedicalcollegeinBostonin1860.Fouryearslater,shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree.ShemovedtoVirginiain1865,wheresheprovidedmedicalcaretofreedslaves.23.WhowasthefirstAfricanAmericanwithamedicaldegree?A.JacquelineFelicedeAlmania. B.TanYunxian.C.JamesBarry. D.RebeccaLeeCrumpler.【答案】D【解析】文章最后一个人物介绍的第二句原词出现thefirstAfricanAmericanwoman，可知，RebeccaLeeCrumpler是第一个拥有医学学位的非裔美国人。细节理解题解题指导1．解题步骤在解答细节理解题时，考生可采取“关键词定位法”，即“带着问题找答案”。先从题干中提取关键词(题眼)，然后以此为线索，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此关键词相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段、哪一句有关，然后仔细推敲，仔细比对所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案。2．选项特征(1)正确选项特征原文原词利用原文原词作为正确选项同义替换对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换，如把loseone'sjob换成beoutofwork；有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换了词性，如把important变换成了ofimportance；改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换信息归纳用精练的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案正话反说把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项(2)干扰选项特征张冠李戴是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容无中生有符合常识，但不是文章的内容曲解文意与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动颠倒是非在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反正误参半部分正确，部分错误3.可用的常识性判断(1)出题顺序和行文顺序大体一致。(2)仅仅符合常识的不一定对，不符合常识的往往错。(3)同义替换往往是答案，过于绝对往往是错误选项，文章主旨一般都会传递正能量。(4)留意文中but/however、感叹号、问号、破折号、长难句等经常设题处。1.（2025·八省联考）EastYorkshireAttractionsBurnbyHallGardens&MuseumTheBalk,PocklingtonYO422QFTel:01759307125Thegardensarebeautifullylaidoutwithtwolakes,whicharehometoavastcollectionoffish.WealsohaveStewartMuseum,achildren’splayground,abook&giftshop,andtearooms.Sundaybandconcertsandeventsareavailablethroughouttheyear.Open:10:00amto5:30pmPrices:Adults£4.65,Seniors£3.95,Children£2.50GooleMuseumCarlisleStreet,GooleDN145DSTel:01405768963ThemuseumexploresthecolourfulhistoryofthetownandportofGoole,withplentyofhands-onexhibitsforyoungervisitors.Thetemporaryexhibitiongalleryhasawiderangeofartcraft(工艺)andlocalhistoryexhibitionswhichchangeseverymonth.Open:10:00amto5:00pmAdmissionFreeSledmereHouseSledmere,DriffieldYO253XGTel:01377236637SledmereHouseisoneofYorkshire’smostattractivehouses.Wehaveanaward-winninggarden,amilitarymuseum,achildren’splayarea,andacafé&giftshop.OrganmusicisplayedonThursdayafternoons.Open:11:30amto3:30pmPrices:Adults£8.00,Seniors£6.00,Children£3.00BridlingtonBird&AnimalParkBridlington,EastYorkshireYO153QFTel:01262673653Thefamily-runparkissetinawonderfulwoodlandenvironment.Itoffersdailyshowsofpigracing.Wealsohavearangeofbirdsandotheranimalstoofferafun-filleddayoutforfamilies.Open:10:00amto5:00pmPrices:Adults£4.50,Seniors£4.00,Children£3.5021.Whichattractionhoststemporaryexhibitions?A.GooleMuseum. B.BurnbyHallGardens&Museum.C.SledmereHouse. D.BridlingtonBird&AnimalPark.22.WhatcantouristsdoatSledmereHouse?A.Feedawiderangeofanimals. B.WatchabandconcertonSunday.C.Explorethehistoryofthetown. D.EnjoyorganmusiconThursday.【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国东约克郡的四个景点，主要包括其地理位置、联系方式、景点活动、开放时间及票价等信息。21.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据“GooleMuseum”部分中“Thetemporaryexhibitiongalleryhasawiderangeofartcraft(工艺)andlocalhistoryexhibitionswhichchangeseverymonth.(临时展览馆有各种各样的艺术工艺和当地历史展览，每个月都有变化)”可知，古尔博物馆（GooleMuseum）举办临时展览。故选A。22.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据“SledmereHouse”部分中“OrganmusicisplayedonThursdayafternoons.(管风琴音乐在星期四下午演奏)”可知，在SledmereHouse游客们可以在周四欣赏管风琴音乐。故选D。2.（2025·安徽省皖南八校高三第二次大联考）A节选Fortravelersplanningaculture-focusedadventure,citiesarethebestplacetostart.Somecitiesfunctionaslivinggalleriesinthemselvesthroughcity-widestreetartoraward-winningarchitecture.Othersofferartisticwaystoexplorehistoryandculture,fromimmersive(沉浸式的)exhibitionstoforward-thinkinginitiatives.BudapestArttakestothestreetsintheHungariancapital.Here,citywallsactasacanvasformanyhomegrownandinternationalartiststomaketheirmark,whetherthroughpoliticalmessages,murals(壁画)oradmirationforbelovedfiguresandconcepts.Thoughtheartformhasnowspreadwellacrossthecity,theRubik’scubeandRefugeeGirlintheJewishQuarterremainrepresentativeworkstogetyoustarted.21．WhatcanvisitorsdoduringthetourtoBudapest?A．Appreciatecolorfulpicturesonthecitywalls. B．Sendpoliticalmessagestobelovedfigures.C．Createrepresentativeworksacrossthecity. D．Spreadtheartformintheirhometown.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Here,citywallsactasacanvasformanyhomegrownandinternationalartiststomaketheirmark,whetherthroughpoliticalmessages,murals(壁画)oradmirationforbelovedfiguresandconcepts.(在这里，无论是通过政治信息、壁画还是对心爱人物和概念的崇拜，城墙都是许多本土和国际艺术家留下印记的画布)”可知，游客可以在Budapest欣赏城市墙上美丽的壁画。故选A。3.（2025·八省联考）C节选ForJacobs,urbancommunitiesareorganicbeingsthatshouldbelefttogrowandchangebythemselvesandnotbesubjecttothegrandplansofso-calledexpertsandofficials.Thebestjudgesofhowacityshouldbe—andhowitshoulddevelop—arethelocalresidentsthemselves.Jacobsarguesthaturbancommunitiesarebestplacedtounderstandhowtheircityfunctions,becausecitylifeiscreatedandsustainedthroughtheirvariousinteractions.9．WhodoesJacobsthinkshouldmakedecisionsonurbandevelopment?A．Localresidents. B．Governmentofficials.C．Cityplanners. D．Constructionworkers.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ForJacobs(对于Jacobs来说)”以及“Thebestjudgesofhowacityshouldbe—andhowitshoulddevelop—arethelocalresidentsthemselves.(一个城市应该如何发展，最好的评判者是当地居民自己。)”可知，Jacobs认为对城市发展做出决定的应该是当地居民。故选A项。4.（2025·三省G20示范高中高三联考）ExploringYeouidoHangangParkinSeoulYeouidoHangangPark,alongthebanksofHanRiver,isadiamondintheheartofSeoul.Thisurbanparkoffersactivitiesandattractionsforallkindsoftravelers,fromquietriverwalkstocrowdedfestivals,whichwillkeepyouentertainedthroughouttheday.CyclingandWalkingTrailsOneofthebestwaystoexploreYeouidoHangangParkisbycycling.Theparkfeatureswell-maintainedcyclingpathsthatofferscenicviewsoftheHanRiver.Bicyclescanberentedneartheparkentrance.Ifcyclingisn’tyourthing,thereareplentyofwalkingtrailsthroughgreeneryandalongtheriverside.PicnicSpotsYeouidoHangangParkisdottedwithnumerouspicnicspotsforarelaxedafternoon.It’scommonforlocalstobringalongapicnicmat,somesnacks,andenjoyadinnerbytheriverbank.Thepark’squietenvironmentmakesitaperfectspotfortakinginthenaturalbeauty.TheHanRiverCruiseshipRidingtheMoonlightHanRiverCruiseisundoubtedlyaromanticwaytoenjoyYeouidoHangangParkatnight.Forjust¥28,500yougettohaveanunforgettableexperienceunderthetwinklingstarsasyourcruisepassesbytheBanpoBridge.CherryBlossomFestivalTheannualCherryBlossomFestivalattractsthousandsofvisitorswhocometowitnessthepark’scherrytreesinfullbloom.Thefestivalfeaturestraditionalculturalperformances,foodstalls,andvariousactivitiesthatcelebratethearrivalofspring.GettingtoYeouidoHangangParkReachingYeouidoHangangParkisstraightforward,thankstoSeoul’scomprehensivetransportsystem.Themostconvenientwayisviasubway,whereyoucangetoffatYeouinaruStation.Fromthere,it’sashortwalktothepark’sentrance.Severalbusroutesalsoservethearea,makingitaccessiblefromdifferentpartsofthecity.1．Wherecanpeopleenjoyascenicmealinthepark?A．Neartheparkentrance. B．Onthecruiseship.C．OnthebankofHanRiver. D．Alongthecyclingpaths.2．Inwhichactivitycanvisitorsexperiencelocalcultureinthepark?A．Picnicspotsbytheriverbank.B．TheCherryBlossomFestival.C．Sceniccyclingandwalkingtrails.D．TheMoonlightHanRiverCruise.3．HowcanvisitorsreachYeouidoHangangParkfromYeouinaruStation?A．Bybus. B．Onfoot. C．Bytaxi. D．Bysubway.【答案】1．C2．B3．B【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍首尔YeouidoHangang公园的几种活动和景点。1．细节理解题。根据第三段PicnicSpots板块中“YeouidoHangangParkisdottedwithnumerouspicnicspotsforarelaxedafternoon.It’scommonforlocalstobringalongapicnicmat,somesnacks,andenjoyadinnerbytheriverbank.(在YeouidoHangang公园，可以享受悠闲的午后野餐。当地人通常会带上野餐垫和一些零食，在河边享用晚餐。)”可知，当地人通常会在河边享受野餐，同时欣赏风景如画的美景。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段CherryBlossomFestival(樱花节)板块下“Thefestivalfeaturestraditionalculturalperformances,foodstalls,andvariousactivitiesthatcelebratethearrivalofspring.(这个节日以传统的文化表演、食品摊位和各种庆祝春天到来的活动为特色。)”可知，游客可以在公园参加樱花节活动来体验当地的文化。故选B。3．细节理解题。根据最后一段GettingtoYeouidoHangangPark板块下“Themostconvenientwayisviasubway,whereyoucangetoffatYeouinaruStation.Fromthere,it’sashortwalktothepark’sentrance.(最方便的方式是乘地铁，在汝矣岛站下车。从那里走一小段路就到了公园的入口。)”知，游客从YeouinaruStation可以步行到YeouidoHangangPark。故选B。考点二考查间接信息理解题1.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)A节选AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRINGVolunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15.BringyourcompletedVolunteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.We’llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch.Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfills(满足)communityservicerequirements.23.Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?A.Bringtheirowntools. B.Workeveninbadweather.C.Wearateamuniform. D.Doatleastthreeprojects.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“We’llbeworkingrainorshine.(我们将风雨无阻地工作)”可知，身为志愿者，即使天气不好也要工作。故选B项。第一步：浏览题干，找到关键词。关键词:What，areexpectedtodo第二步：根据关键词，定位信息。定位原文信息：根据文章第五段“We’llbeworkingrainorshine.(我们将风雨无阻地工作)”可知，身为志愿者，即使天气不好也要工作。第三步：比对选项信息。选项B中的eveninbadweather和文章中的rain逻辑意义相同。故选B。2.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C篇节选）CThegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.()28.Whatisthebookaimedat?A.Teachingcriticalthinkingskills.B.Advocatingasimpledigitallifestyle.C.Solvingphilosophicalproblems.D.Promotingtheuseofadigitaldevice.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit’srightforyou.(这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，教你如何采用这种哲学)”可知，这本书的目的是倡导简单的数字生活方式。故选B。间接信息题的核心是识别同义句表达。最常用的方法是：1.采用同义词改写选项或题干；2.用反义词改写选项或题干，采用正话反说的方式；3.采用相关句式改写。例如：本题的解题思维过程如下：【题干定位】关键词beaimedat【文章定位】Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit’srightforyou.【文章中的关键词】Thegoalofthisbook【同义句表达手段】beaimedat=Thegoalofthisbook【内容定位】tomakethecasefordigitalminimalism【选项关键词】Advocatingv.提倡(advocate的现在分词)；为…辩护【同义句表达手段】Advocatingv.提倡(advocate的现在分词)；为…辩护=makethecasefor为…辩护；提出理由【正确选项】B3.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解B篇节选）WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Aditrystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling. B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind. D.Helongedtobeadoctor.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。对原文多处信息整合。根据第一段“WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Aditrystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.(当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?(在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。当一个细节理解题涉及一段内的多个信息点或者多段的具体内容，需要考生进行概括和归纳后才能回答，虽然此类试题各个细节信息都能在文章中找到，但需要考生具有一定的概括和归纳能力。本题就是对两段信息的整合，归纳出的正确答案。4.（2023·全国甲卷·阅读理解B篇节选）Terri,whonowrentsahousewithfriendsinWandsworth,SouthWestLondon,saysDIYalsosavesherfromlosinganydepositwhenatenancy(租期)comestoanend.Sheadds:“I’vemovedhousemanytimesandIalwaysliketopersonalisemyroomandputuppictures,so,it’sbeenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepaintaroomtoavoidanychargeswhenI’vemovedout.”26.HowdidTerriavoidlosingthedepositonthehousesherented?A.Bymakingitlooklikebefore. B.Byfurnishingitherself.C.Bysplittingtherentwitharoommate. D.Bycancellingtherentalagreement.【答案】A【解析】根据本段最后一句““So,it’sbeenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepaintaroomtoavoidanychargeswhenI’vemovedout.”可知，Terri是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。【解题的关键词】题干中的avoidlosingthedeposit避免损失押金和文章中的avoidanycharges避免被扣除租房的押金，是同义句表达。5.（2023·1月浙江卷·阅读理解C篇节选）WhatHammondisreferringtoisthequestionofmeaning,andmeaningiscentraltowhatdistinguishestheleastintelligentofhumansfromthemostintelligentofmachines.Acomputerworkswithsymbols.Itsprogramspecifiesasetofrulestotransformonestringofsymbolsintoanother.Butitdoesnotspecifywhatthosesymbolsmean.Indeed,toacomputer,meaningisirrelevant.Humans,inthinking,talking,readingandwriting,alsoworkwithsymbols.Butforhumans,meaningiseverything.Whenwecommunicate,wecommunicatemeaning.Whatmattersisnotjusttheoutsideofastringofsymbols,buttheinsidetoo,notjusthowtheyarearrangedbutwhattheymean.30．WhatisProjectDebaterunabletodoaccordingtoHammond?A．Createrules. B．Comprehendmeaning.C．Talkfluently. D．Identifydifficultwords.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“WhatHammondisreferringtoisthequestionofmeaning,andmeaningiscentraltowhatdistinguishestheleastintelligentofhumansfromthemostintelligentofmachines.Acomputerworkswithsymbols.Itsprogramspecifiesasetofrulestotransformonestringofsymbolsintoanother.Butitdoesnotspecifywhatthosesymbolsmean.Indeed,toacomputer,meaningisirrelevant.(Hammond所指的是意义的问题，而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的关键。计算机使用符号。它的程序指定了一组将一串符号转换为另一串符号的规则。但它并没有具体说明这些符号的含义。事实上，对于计算机来说，意义是无关紧要的。)”可知，根据Hammond的说法，ProjectDebater不能理解意义，故选B。【解题的关键词】题干中的unabletodo不能做和文章中的doesnotspecify未指定，是同义句表达。间接信息题解题指导间接信息题常出现在各种文体中，会涉及各个方面的内容。解此类试题常用“同义表达”法。该类题的特点是试题题干或选项中的关键词语通常使用同义词或近义词甚至反义词来替换文中的相关细节信息,例如,使用conduct对文中的carryout进行同义转换,用finally对文中的eventual进行同义转换。间接细节理解题的解题关键：信息题的核心关键是识别同义句表达。目前高考中直接读出答案的细节理解题占的比重越来越少，很多情况下是对文章命题出处语句的不同程度的改写，因此，要想准确定位就要识别同义句表达。最常用的方法是：1.采用同义词改写选项或题干；2.用反义词改写选项或题干，采用正话反说的方式；3.采用相关句式改写。改写类别：1.改写阅读理解的题干。把题干中的关键词通常采用同义词的手段改写为同义句，这时，我们要找到文章中的同义词进行定位。2.改写阅读理解中的选项。阅读理解问题中的选项很大程度上不是文章定位中的原句，大多采用了同义句表达的形式。识别选项中与原文定位中的同义句是选出正确答案的关键。解题思路1.（2025·三省G20示范高中高三联考）节选It’satruthuniversallyacknowledgedthatkidsarerarelyfondofeatingtheirgreens.Butfruitsandvegetablesarethefoundationofahealthydiet,whichmakesparentscomeupwithcreativesolutionstogettheirchildrentohappilyeatthem.That’showfoodartistSarahBeachcameupwithanidea-turntheseingredientsintocharacters,animals,objects,andeveninspiringmessages.Herdeliciouscreations,whichshesharesonherEdibleFoodArtForKidsInstagramaccount,arealsoafeastfortheeyes.Beach’sadventureintheworldoffoodartbeganin2018,withasimplerabbitdesign.Herfoodartworksnotonlyputasmileonherchildren’sfaces,butalsokeepthemcomingbackformore.Fortheartist,foodarthasalsoprovidedherwithawaytorelaxafterwork.“MostofmydesignsstartduetoaneventorideaIhave.ThenIlookwhichfruitswouldworktomakethedesignappealingtokids,”shesaid,“Colorsarekey.”Stayingtruetoherpurpose,Beachonlyusesfreshfruitandvegetables,alongwithseeds,nuts,andoccasionallyatouchofchocolate.Herartdoesnotcontainanypasta(面食),fooddyeorotheradditives.……4．WhydidSarahBeachstartcreatingfoodart?A．Tofindanewhobbyafterwork.B．Tobecomefamousonsocialmedia.C．Toexperimentwithdifferentfoodingredients.D．Togetkidsattractedtofruitsandvegetables.5．WhatdoweknowaboutthecolorsinSarah’sfoodartdesigns?A．Theyarelittleusedtosavecosts.B．Theyhelpbringthedesignstolife.C．Theyarereplacedbyartificialdyes.D．Theyareoptionalforsomedesigns.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“It’satruthuniversallyacknowledgedthatkidsarerarelyfondofeatingtheirgreens.Butfruitsandvegetablesarethefoundationofahealthydiet,whichmakesparentscomeupwithcreativesolutionstogettheirchildrentohappilyeatthem.That’showfoodartistSarahBeachcameupwithanidea.(众所周知，孩子们很少喜欢吃蔬菜。但水果和蔬菜是健康饮食的基础，这让家长们想出了创造性的解决方案，让孩子们愉快地吃它们。这就是食物艺术家SarahBeach想出这个主意的原因。)”可知，SarahBeach开始创作食物艺术是为了吸引孩子们对水果和蔬菜的兴趣。故选D。【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“MostofmydesignsstartduetoaneventorideaIhave.ThenIlookwhichfruitswouldworktomakethedesignappealingtokids,”shesaid,“Colorsarekey.”(我的大多数设计都是从一个事件或我的想法开始的。然后我看看哪些水果能让设计吸引孩子们，”她说，“颜色是关键。”)”可知，Sarah认为颜色在食物艺术设计中很关键，颜色使设计栩栩如生。故选B。2.（2025·八省联考）DWanttolearnanewlanguageorgetA’sincollegeexams?Previousstudieshaveshownthatexercisecanhelpstimulatetheareasofthebrainthatconvert(转换)newinformationintolong-termmemory.Anewstudyhastakenthisinformationonestepfurtherandfoundthebesttimewhenexercisecanhelpmaximizelearning.Buildinguponpastresearchthatfoundexercisereleasesbiochemicalsthatimprovementalfunction,scientistsatRadboudUniversityandtheUniversityofEdinburghconductedastudytodeterminewhenexercisewasmostbeneficialtolearning.Participants—72healthymaleandfemaleadults—werefirstaskedtoperformacomputertestthatchallengedtheirvisualandspatiallearning.Afterthetest,allofthesubjectswatchednaturedocumentaries,buttwo-thirdsofthemalsoexercised.Halfoftheexercisersdidcircuittrainingonanexercisebikefor35minutesimmediatelyafterthetest.Theotherhalfdidthesameexercisebutnotuntilfourhoursaftertheyhadbeentested.Twodayslater,alloftheparticipantsreturnedtothelabforarecalltest,andtheywereconnectedtoMRI(磁共振成像)machinestoassesstheirbrainactivity.Theparticipantswhoexercisedfourhoursaftertakingthecomputertestwereabletorecallwhattheyhadlearnedmostaccurately.Theirbrainwavesalsoshowedmoreconsistentlevelsofactivity,indicatingthattheirbrainswerelesstaxedtorememberwhattheyhadlearned.Accordingtothisresearch,thebesttimetoexercisetoimprovelearningisfourhoursafterstudying.Butwhy?That’sonequestiontheresearchershaveyettoanswer.Anotherquestionleftunansweredisthelevelofexercisethatmightbestimprovelearning.I’verunenoughmarathonstoprovethefactthatmybrainisanythingbutsharpduringorafteratoughworkout.Buttheresearchersnotedthatlightworkoutsmightnotgivethebrainenoughofabiochemicalboosttoimprovelearning.12．Whatdidthenewstudyaimtoexplore?A．Whenexerciseisbestforlearning. B．Whatbiochemicalsaregoodforhealth.C．Howbrainwavesshouldbemeasured. D．Whichareaofthebrainisthemostactive.13．Whatwerealltheparticipantsaskedtododuringtheexperiment?A．Trainonbicycles. B．Domathematicsexercises.C．Playcomputergames. D．Watchfilmsaboutnature.14．Whydidtheparticipantsreturntothelabtwodayslater?A．Todoamedicalexamination. B．Tohavetheirmemorytested.C．Togettheirworkoutsrecorded. D．Tofinishtheirprevioustasks.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Anewstudyhastakenthisinformationonestepfurtherandfoundthebesttimewhenexercisecanhelpmaximizelearning.(一项新的研究更进一步，找到了锻炼有助于最大化学习效果的最佳时间)”可知，新研究旨在探索什么时候锻炼最有利于学习。故选A项。【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Afterthetest,allofthesubjectswatchednaturedocumentaries(测试后，所有受试者都观看了自然纪录片)”可知，实验要求所有受试者在实验过程中观看自然纪录片。故选D项。【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Twodayslater,alloftheparticipantsreturnedtothelabforarecalltest(两天后，所有参与者返回实验室进行回忆测试)”可知，参与者两天后返回实验室是为了进行记忆测试。故选B项。考点三考查数字计算题1.（2024·新高考I卷）（2024年新高考I卷A篇）AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRINGVolunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15.BringyourcompletedVolunteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.We'llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch.Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfills(满足)communityservicerequirements.22.WhatistheloweragelimitforjoiningtheHabitatRestorationTeam?A.5. B.10. C.15. D.18.【答案】22.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Volunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.(欢迎10岁及以上的志愿者)”可知，参加栖息地恢复小组的最低年龄限制是10岁。故选B项。2.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A篇）BikeRental&GuidedToursWelcometoAmsterdam,welcometoMacBike.Youseemuchmorefromtheseatofabike!Cyclingisthemosteconomical,sustainableandfunwaytoexplorethecity,withitsbeautifulcanals,parks,squaresandcountlesslights.YoucanalsobikealonglovelylandscapesoutsideofAmsterdam.WhyMacBikeMacBikehasbeenaroundforal