祈使句【知识精研精讲】小学英语语法专项（译林版三起）

句型18—祈使句1.掌握祈使句的定义和用法;2.掌握祈使句的句型结构;3.掌握祈使句的回答;4.能够熟练使用祈使句的用法。学习目标Summary祈使句的定义&用法祈使句的定义祈使句祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、建议等的句子。在祈使句中，通常省略第二人称you，以动词原形开头。①

表示命令例：Goandwashyourhands.去洗手。②表示请求例：Bequiet,please.请安静。③表示劝告或建议例：Bekindtooursisters.对我们的姐妹要和善。祈使句的用法④表示提醒或警告例：Watchyoursteps.走路小心。⑤表示禁止例：Noparking.禁止停车。⑥表示邀请例：Havesomefruit！请吃些水果吧！祈使句的用法祈使句的句型V(动词原形)

+

宾语

+

其它成分。e.g.Closethewindow.

关上窗户

Helpyourselftosomefish.随便吃点鱼吧。祈使句的肯定句式

V祈使句的句型Be

+

表语

(名词/形容词等)

+

其它成分.e.g.Becareful!

小心!

Beagoodstudent!

做个好学生!祈使句的肯定句式Be祈使句的句型Let

+

宾语(通常为第一或第三人称宾格)

+

动词原形

+

其它成分.e.g.Letherin.让她进来。

Let'sgohome!我们回家吧!祈使句的肯定句式LetPlease+动词短语.(please也可放在句尾,其前加逗号)e.g.

Pleasesitdown.请坐。

=

Sitdown,please.祈使句的肯定句式PleaseDon't

+

动词原形

+

其它成分.e.g.Don'treadinthesun.不要在阳光下读书。

Don'tbelate.不要迟到。祈使句的否定句式No+名词/动名词.(是日常生活中的警示语)e.g.Nophotos!禁止拍照!

Nosmoking!禁止吸烟!祈使句的否定句式同义句转换Don'tsmokehere.=No_______here.祈使句的句型改写祈使句的否定形式:(1)在整句前加Don'te.g.

Bequiet!

改为否定句→________________________

Readinthesun!

改为否定句→___________________祈使句的否定形式:(2)以Let为引导词的祈使句的否定形式：通常在Let's或Letus/Letme后加note.g.Let'sswiminthelake.

改为否定句→______________________

Letusgoforawalk.

改为否定句→_______________________肯定：(Please)+dosth.Be型:Be+表语(名词或形容词)Let型:Let+宾语+动词原形否定：(Please)+Don'tdo/besth.Letsb.not/Don't+let+动词原形No+名词/动名词，表示禁止，用于标语等祈使句，无主语，只用动词就可以。表示请求或命令，加上please表客气。如果变成否定句,Don't开头是规律。Notalking!是警示，祈使句用法要牢记。祈使句记忆口诀:祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，回答祈使句时，一般用

will或won't。注意，在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点:一是“形式一致”,即Yes与will保持一致;No与won't保持一致。二是“意思相反”,即Yes是“不”的意思;No是“是”的意思。在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。祈使句的回答祈使句与and/or特殊句型(1)“祈使句+and+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述肯定的条件Studyhard,andyou'llpasstheexam.=Ifyoustudyhard,you'llpasstheexam.Hurryup,andyou'llcatchthetrain.=Ifyouhurryup,you'llcatchthetrain.祈使句与and/or特殊句型(2)“祈使句+or+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述否定的条件，or表示“否则；要不然”Studyhard,oryouwillfailtopasstheexam.=Ifyoudon'tstudyhard,youwillfailtopasstheexam.Hurryup,oryou'llmissthetrain.=Ifyoudon'thurryup,you'llmissthetrain祈使句与and/or特殊句型祈使句巩固练习

用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.__________(not,be)late.2.____________(dust)thedressingtable.3.____________(not,speak)withyourmouthfulloffood.4.____________(not,talk)and____________(read)abook.5.____________(not,drop)thenicevase,Sam.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。6.____________(look)out!Acariscoming.7.____________(give)ustenyearsandjustseewhatourcountrywillbelike.8.____________(not,let)thebabycry.9.Openthewindowand____________(shut)thedoor.10.Let’s____________(sweep)thefloor.单选题1.______meanE-mailbeforeyoucometoHangzhou.I'llmeetyouattheairport.A.Sending

B.Tosend

C.Sends

D.Send2.______talkinthereadingroom.A.Don't

B.Not

C.No单选题3.______tosmileatyourlifewhenyouareintrouble,andyouwillsoonbehappyagain.A.Try

B.Totry

C．Trying

D．Tried4.-______,orwe’llbelateforthemeeting.---It’sonlyhalfpastonebymywatch.Wehaveenoughtimeleft.A.HurryupB.Don’tworryC.NevermindD.Bequiet单选题5.---Jack,don’talwayscopywhatothersdo.______yourhead,please.

---Thanksfortellingme.A.Using

B.Used

C.Uses

D.Use6.—John,______

upnoworwe’llbelateforthebus.

—Allright.I’llbequick.

A.gets

B.get

C.toget

D.getting单选题7.Kate,_______thecar!Anoldmaniswaitingtocrosstheroad.Lethimgofirst.A.stops

B.stop

C.don’tstop

D.doesn’tstop8.______climbthetree.Itisdangerous.A.Doesn’t

B.Not

C.Don’t

D.Isn’t9.

_____meyourdrivinglicense,please.A.Show

B.Toshow

C.Showing单选题10、Weareatthelibrary.Please___quiet.A.do

B.be

C.can

D.are11、—________,Sally!Theschoolbusiscoming.—Oh,no!Ican’tfindmyschoolbag.A.Comeon

B.Workon

C.Putoff

D.Turnoff句型转换1.Willyoupleasereaditagainmoreslowly?（改为祈使句）__________againmoreslowly,please.2.PleasesitnexttoNancy.（改为否定句）__________nexttoNancy.3.Cometomyhousetomorrow.（改为否定句）_____cometomyhousetomorrow.4.Weartheglasses!（改为否定句）______weartheglasses!5.Don’twashyourhands!(改成肯定句)

_______yourhands!AnoldwomanwantstogotoNewYorktoseeherson,shegetsupearlyandgetstothestationatnineo'clockinthemorning.Whendoesthetraincomeandleave?Sheisveryworried.Shestopsaboyandaskshim.Theboyl