2022年河北省保定市望都县高二下学期2月周考（三）英语试卷

2021-2022学年河北省保定市望都县高二下学期2月周考（三）英语试卷第一节阅读理解(共8小题;每小题5分,满分30分)AScientistsstudythenaturalworldbyusing“scientificmethod”.Whenascientistobservessomephenomenoninnature,hedevelopsanidea,calledatheoryorhypothesisW1,aboutwhatishappening.Thenhedoesanexperimenttotesthistheory.Iftheresultsareasexpected,thentheexperimentprovesthehypothesiswhichmakesitmorelikelythatthetheoryiscorrect.Iftheexperimentfailsandtheresultsarenotasexpected,thenthescientistmustcomeupwithP1anewtheorythathecantest.Inancienttimesgreatthinkerscameupwithcomplicatedtheoriestoexplainnature,buttheydidnotalwaysprovethembyexperiment.Forexample,thegreatGreekthinkerAristotle,hadatheorythatheavyobjectswouldfallfasterthanlightobjects.PeoplebelievedthisuntilthescientistGalileoperformedanexperimentandfounditwaswrong.Here'sanexperimentthatyoucanusetoproveordisproveacommon­sensetheory：Step1:Getanemptybottlewithasmallneck.AdiameterW2of1/2inchshouldbeideal.Step2:Cutasheetofpapertoasquare5inchesoneachside.Step3:CrumpleW3thepaperintoatightwadW4.Step4:Laythebottleonitssideandplacethepapersoitlieslooselyintheneckofthebottle.Constructatheoryaboutwhatwillhappenifyouputyourmouthaboutahalfinchfromtheneckofthebottleandblowhardtowardsit.Acommon­sensetheorymightbethatthewadwouldbeblownintothebottlebytheforceofthebreath.Nowdoyourexperimenttoseewhatreallyhappens.Ifyourtheorywasthatthewadwouldbeblownbytheforceoftheairintothebottle,theexperimentgaveyouunexpectedresults.Inmostcasesthewadisblownoutoftheneckofthebottleintheoppositedirection.AnewtheorymightbethattheairbeingblownintothebottlecreatesawhirlwindofaircurrentsW5intheclosedspacewhichpushthewadoutP2.1．ThewritermentionsAristotle'stheorytoshow.A．hewasagreatthinkerinancienttimesB．hewaslesssuccessfulthanGalileoC．objectsofdifferentweightsfallatthesamespeedD．experimentsarenecessarytosupporttheories2．Accordingtothepassage,whatisnotrequiredinthefour­stepexperiment?A．Apairofscissors.B．Apieceofpaper.C．Abottle.D．Astrongbreath.3．What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．CometoNaturewithScientistsB．MakeupaNewTheoryC．ExperimentwithBreathinaBottleD．WatchOutforCommonSenseBThreemenhavehadabiginfluenceonmodernsoundandcommunicationtechnologies.Westartedwiththebeginningsofcomputer­generatedmusic.MaxVernonMathewsMaxVernonMathewshasbeencalledthefatherofcomputermusic.Hecreatedelectronictoolssothatpeoplecouldusecomputersasmusicalinstruments.Hehadahugeinfluenceonthedevelopmentofelectronicmusicandhowitiswritten,recordedandplayed.In1957,Maxwrotethefirstcomputerprogram,Music,toenableacomputertocreatesoundandplayitback.Thecomputerwassoslowthatitwouldhavetakenanhourtoplaythepieceofmusicinseventeenseconds.Forthatreason，Mathewsmovedtheworktoatapeplayer,whichcouldbespeduptoplaythemusicatanormalspeed.MathewscontinuedcreatingotherversionsoftheMusicprogram.Hebecameinterestedinhowcomputerscouldhelpmusiciansoutsiderecordingstudios.TheGrooveprogramhedevelopedwasthefirstcomputerprogrammadeforliveperformances.NorioOhgaSonyCorporationofficialNorioOhgahelpedtodevelopthecompactdiscinthelate1970s.HepushedforCDstobelarger,andwithalongerplayingtime.Hewantedthemtoholdseventy­fiveminutessothattheycouldstoreallofBcethoven'sNinthSymphonyononedisc.Thisway,listenerscouldenjoythemusicalworkwithoutanybreak.Thecompactdiscchangedtheelectronicsindustryandthewaypeoplelistenedtomusic.HubertJosephSchlaflyHubertJosephSchlaflywasanelectricalengineerwhohelpedchangethewayactors,politiciansandotherpeoplespeakontelevision.In1950,heandtwoothermendevelopedtheteleprompter.Oneco­worker,FredBarton,wasanactor.Hehadanideaforatoolthatwouldhelptelevisionactorsreadtheirlineswithouthavingtomemorizethem.Thefirstteleprompterinvolvedapersonwhoturnedalongpieceofpaperprintedwithtallletters.Astheactorreadthelines,anotherpersonwouldmovethepaperaheadonthedevice.Laterversionsusedtelevisionscreenstoshowthewordsthatweretoberead.1．WhydidMathewsgiveupusingcomputerstocreatesoundandplayitback?A．Becausehewantedtousecomputersasmusicalinstruments.B．Becausehecouldn'tcreatesoundoncomputers.C．Becausehewantedtoenjoymusicalworkwithoutanybreak.D．Becausehewantedtofindbetterwaystocreatesoundwithmoderntechnologies.2．What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordteleprompter?A．投影仪B．电子提词机C．屏蔽仪D．显示屏3．Fromthewriting,wecanlearnthat.A．Mathews'firstcomputerprogramcouldplaythemusicatanormalspeedB．theGrooveprogramwasthefirstcomputerprogrammadeforliveperformancesbyHubertJosephSchlaflyC．owingtoNorioOhga,peoplecanenjoyallofBeethoven'sNinthSymphonyononediscD．onlyHubertJosephSchlaflyandFredBartonworkedtogethertodeveloptheprompterⅡ语言运用（共15小题，每小题3分，共45分）Asuccessfulscientistisgenerallyagoodobserver.Hemakesfull1ofthefactsheobserves.Hedoesn'tacceptideaswhicharenot2onobviousfacts,andthereforerefusestoacceptauthority(权威)astheonlyreasonfortruth.Healways3ideascarefullyandmakesexperimentstoprovethem.Theriseof4sciencemaybeconsideredtodateasfarbackasthe5ofRogerBacon,thewonderfulphilosopher(哲学家)ofOxford,wholived6theyears1214and1292.Hewasprobablythefirstinthemiddle7tosuggestthatwemustlearnscience8observingandexperimentingonthethingsaroundus,andhehimself9manyimportantdiscoveries.Galileo,however,wholivedmorethan300yearslater,wasthegreatestofseveralgreatmen,10inItaly,France,Germany,orEngland,beganbydegreetoshowhowmanyimportant11couldbediscoveredbyobservation.BeforeGalileo,learnedmenbelievedthatlargebodiesfellmore12towardstheearththansmallones,becauseAristotlesaidso.ButGalileo,goingtothe13oftheleaningTowerofPisa,letfalltwounequalstonesandprovedAristotlewaswrong.ItwasGalileo's14ofgoingdirecttoNature,andprovingour15andtheoriesbyexperiment,thathasledtoallthediscoveriesofmodernscience.1．A．useB．timeC．speed D．trust2．A．workedB．livedC．based D．written3．A．thinksB．checksC．has D．learn4．A．naturalB．physicalC．ancientD．modern5．A．studyB．timeC．year D．birth6．A．bothB．eachC．between D．among7．A．schoolsB．agesC．daysD．countries8．A．inB．withC．on D．by9．A．didB．madeC．took D．gave10．A．thatB．whenC．who D．where11．A．truthsB．problemsC．peopleD．subjects12．A．heavilyB．slowlyC．lightlyD．rapidly13．A．placeB．footC．top D．ceiling14．A．spiritsB．skillC．theory D．discovery15．A．plansB．worldC．opinionsD．abilityⅢ应用文写作（共25分）假定你是李华，你的好友Bob正在考虑国外大学毕业后是回国还是留在国外，他向你写信求助。请你写一封回信提出你的建议。内容包括：1．表明你的态度；2．说明你提出这些建议的理由。注意：1.词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A篇篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了怎样用简单的四步实验法来验证一个常识理论是否正确。1D推理判断题。根据第二段的内容，特别是“...Aristotle,hadatheorythatheavyobjectswouldfallfasterthanlightobjects.PeoplebelievedthisuntilthescientistGalileoperformedanexperimentandfounditwaswrong”可知，亚里士多德认为重的物体比轻的物体先落地，但这种理论被伽利略用实验证明是错误的，这说明，用实验来证明理论是必要的，故选D项。2A细节理解题。文中提及了anemptybottle,asheetofpaper和blowhard，即做该实验需要B、C、D三项。tchOutforCommonSense3C标题判断题。本文主要介绍一个四步实验的操作步骤，概括来说就是一个用力吹瓶子的实验，故选C项。B篇篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个对现代音响和通讯技术产生重大影响的人。4D推理判断题。根据MaxVernonMathews部分中的最后两句可知，Mathews认为电脑播放太慢，因此放弃了用电脑创作并播放它，是因为他想找到更好的方法用现代技术创作音乐。故选D项。5B词义猜测题。根据下文中的“他的一个同事弗莱德·巴顿是个演员。他想到了一个工具，可以帮助电视演员读台词而不需要记住台词。”由此推知，teleprompter的意思为“电子提词机”。故选B项。6C推理判断题。根据NorioOhga部分中第二段前两句可知，由于NorioOhga，人们可以在一张唱片上完整欣赏贝多芬的第九交响曲。故选C项。完型1Amakefulluseof...“充分利用……”。一个成功的科学家一般都充分利用他所观察到的事实。2Cbebasedon...“以……为根据”。3Bthink是不及物动词，所以排除A。他总是谨慎地核查(check)各种观点并做实验来证实它们。4D从此段的后文可看出应是指现代科学，而不是指古代科学。第15空所在句子对伽利略的总评中的核心信息“ledtoallthediscoveriesofmodernscience”亦是提示。5Btime此处指“时代，时期”。6C