大学英语四级（年月考试改革适用）模拟试卷31（共543题）

大学英语四级（年月考试改革适用）模

拟试卷31（共9套）

（共543题）

大学英语四级（年月考试改革适用）模

拟试卷第1套

一、作文（本题共I题，每题7.0分，共I分。）

1、Forthispart,youareallowed30minutesiowriteashortessayaboutaplacewhich

youlikemost.Youshouldstatethereasonsandwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan

180words.

标准答案：Shanghai—aShinyOrientalPearlIfIwereaskedaboutmyfavoriteplace.

Shanghaiwoulddefinitelycometomymindfirst.Asaneconomichubandcultural

exchangecenter,Shanghaiboastsofapleasantenvironment,interestingpeopleand

intriguingscenicspots,allofwhichmakemereluctanttoleave.LocatedintheYangtze

RiverDeltainEastChina,Shanghaienjoysaratherenjoyableenvironment.Inahumid

climate,treesstandhighalongtheroads,andbrightflowersinfullbloomcoverthe

grassland.WheneverIgo,Icanalwaysfeastmyeyesonthecharmingscenery.Thanksto

asoundandstableeconomyandtheconvenienttransportation.Shanghaiattractsalarge

numberofpeoplefromhomeandabroad.Comingfromdifferentculturalbackgrounds,

peopleinthismetropolislendtohaveaninclusiveattitudetowardeachother.Also,there

arenumeroushistoricalplacesofinterestinShanghai,suchastheWorldExpoCenter,

theBund,YuGarden,tonamejustafew.InShanghai,onecanexperiencethehistory

fromancientChinatothemodernworld.Inconclusion.Shanghaiismyfavoriteplace

becauseofitsagreeableenvironment,interestingpeopleandplacesofinterest.

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题7.0分，共8分。）

2、

A、HelikesParisalot.

B、Hedoesn'tknowFrench.

C、HeisgoodatFrench.

D、HeisaFrenchman.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

3、

A、ItwasheldinChina.

B、Itwasaboutsettingupafactory.

C、Ilhasgotanewboard.

D、Itwasunsuccessful.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

4、

A^Persuadehimtoquitsmoking.

B、Findanewjobforhim.

C^Askhimtobeindependent.

D^Tellhimhowtowork.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

5、

A、Sheislookingforabusstop.

B、Sheisheadingforaplace.

C>Shehatestakingawalk.

D、Sheknowsthewayherself.

标准答案:B

知识点解析：暂无解析

6、

A^Tobuyanewmap.

B、Toaskanotherperson.

C>Togowithher.

D、Tofindthelibraryhimself.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

7、

A、Hissister.

B、Hisfather.

C、Hismother.

D、Hisbrother.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

8、

A、Gettingreadyfortheexams.

B、Takingthefinalexams.

C、Seeingsomebodyelse.

D、Preparingforsomethingunknown.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

9、

A、SheislookingforLinda.

LindaisstayingwithM汰e.

C、Shedoesn'tknowwhereMikeis.

D、MikeiswaitingforLinda.

标准答案：C'

知识点解析：暂无解析

三、听力长对话（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分0）

10、

A、Theysometimeslooksimilartoeachother.

Theylookliketwinsisters.

C、Theydon'tlooklikeeachother.

D、Theyhavethesameexpressions.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

II、

A、Thewomangetsbirthdaygiftsfromhersistereveryyear.

B>Thewomanoftenwritestohersister.

C^Thewomanreceivedaletteronherlastbirthday.

D、Thewomanreceivesbirthdaygiftsinnormaldays.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

12、

A、Thewomanisoneyearolderthanhersister.

B、Thewomansometimesfightswithhersister.

C、Thewomanalwaysmeetshersister'srequirements.

D、Thewomanmeetshersisteronceamonth.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、

A、Hegotthejobattheageof16.

B、Hedidsomecleaninginashop.

C、Heworkedfor10hoursaweek.

D、Heusedtoworkonv/eekends.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、

A、Bycar.

B、Bybike.

C、Bybus.

D、Onfoot.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、

A、Themanwasalwaysfeelingdepressed.

B、Themanhadlittlemoneyleftafterwork.

C^Themanspentmorethanheearned.

D、Themanearnedalotfromhisfirstjob.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

16、

A、Hehadtofinishschoolwork.

Hewastiredofchangingjobs.

C^Helivedfarawayfromthenewshop.

D、Hewasn'thappywiththepay.

标准答案：A'

知识点解析：暂无解析

四、短文理解（本题共/0题，每题1.0分，共70分。）

17、

A、Theyarecrazypeople.

B、Theycan^helpthemselves.

C、Theyhavebadpersonality.

D、Theyarenotlovedbytheirfamily.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、

A>Interpersonalrelationships.

B、Strangecharacters.

C、Physicalproblems.

D、Genesandfaultybrainactivities.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、

A、Theythinkitisuseless.

Theycanhardlyaffordit.

C、Theydon'tthinktheyarcsick.

D、Theirfamilydoesn,tsupportit.

标准答案：A.

知识点解析：暂无解析

20、

A、Sharetheirownexperienceswiththem.

B、Tellthemthatactuallytheyaren'till.

C、Givethemmoreencouragement.

D^Showthemhowtobehappierandhealthier.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

21、

A^Toimitatetheirworkingstyle.

B>Toberecognizedassuccessful.

C>Tobelesshardworking.

D^Tomakefriendswiththem.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

22、

A、Theysometimescomplainaboutthesystem.

B、Theytrytheirbesttosolveproblems.

C、Theyalwaysdomoreworkthanothers.

D、Theyneedlittlepreparationtofinishtheirwork.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

23、

A、Theywanttokeepthemassecrets.

B、Theyhavefewfriendsatwork.

C、Theywanttofocusonwork.

D、Theydon'twanttobetalkative.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

24、

A、Mostofthemkeepmorethanonepet.

B>Alotofthemspendalotontheirpets.

C、Morethanhalfofthemhavegotonedog.

D^Almosthalfofthemhavegotatleastonedog.

标准答案：D「「

知识点解析：暂无解析

25、

A^Peopleoftendisagreeonmosttopics.

B、Peopletreatpelsbetterthantheirspouses.

C、Petsalwaysmakeamess.

D^Petsneedgreatcare.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

26、

A、Theyareloyaltopeople.

B、Theyarecuteandfurry.

C>Theyarequietandclean.

D、Theycanprotectpeople.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

五、短文听写（本题共10题，每题L0分，共70分。）

Businessesarestructuredindifferentwaystomeetdifferentneeds.The[Bl]

formofbusinessiscalledanindividualorsolebusiness.Thebusinessmanov/ns

allofthepropertyofthebusinessandis[B2]everything.Forlegalpurposes,

withthiskindofbusiness,theownerandthecompanyarethesame.Thismeansthe

businessmangetstokeepalloftheprofitsofthebusiness,butmustalso[B3].

Anotherkindofbusinessisthepartnership.Twoormorepeoplegointobusiness

together.An[B4]isusuallyneededtodecidehowmuchofthepartnershipeach

personcontrols.Onekindofpartnershipiscalledalimitedliability（责任）partnership.

Thesehavefullpartnersandlimitedpartners.Limitedpartnersmaynotshareasmuchin

theprofits,buttheyalsohavelessresponsibilityforthebusiness.Doctors,lawyersand

[B5]oftenformpartnershipstosharetheirrisksandprofits.Ahusbandand

wifecanformabusinesspartnershiptogether.Partnerships[B6]onlyforas

longastheownersremainalive.Thesameistrueofindividualbusiness.Butcorporations

are[B7]tohaveanunlimitedlifetime.Acorporationisthemostcomplexkind

ofbusinessorganization.Corporationscansellstockasawayto[B8].Stock

representssharesofownershipinacompany.Investorswhobuystockcan[B9]

theirsharesorkeepthemaslongasthecompanyisinbusiness.Acompanymight

usesomeofits[BIO]topaydividends（红利）asarewardtoshareholders.Orthe

companymightreinvestthemoneybackintodiebusiness.

27、[Bl]

标准答案：simplest

知识点解析：暂无解析

28、[B2I

标准答案：responsiblefor

知识点解析：暂无解析

29、[B3]

标准答案：payanydebts

知识点解析：暂无解析

30、[B4]

标准答案：agreement

知识点解析：暂无解析

31、[B5]

标准答案：accountants

知识点解析：暂无解析

32、[B6]

标准答案：exist

知识点解析：暂无解析

33、[B7]

标准答案：designed

知识点解析：暂无解析

34、[B81

标准答案：raisemoney

知识点解析：暂无解析

35、[B9]

标准答案：trade

知识点解析：暂无解析

36、[B10]

标准答案：earnings

知识点解析：暂无解析

六、词汇理解(本题共10题，每题7.0分，共10分。)

Forcenturies,boysweretopoftheclass.Butthesedays,that'snolongerthe[Cl]

.AnewstudybytheOECD,examinedhow15-year-oldboysandgirlsperformed

atreading,mathematicsandscience.Boysstillscoresomewhatbetteratmaths,andin

sciencethegendersare[C2]equal.Butwhenitcomestothestudentswho

really[C3],thedifferenceisobvious:boysare50%morelikelythangirlsto

fall[C4]ofbasicstandardsinallthreeareas.Whyaregirlsperformingbetterat

schoolthantheirmaleclassmates?First,girlsreadmorethanboys.Reading[C5]

isthebasisuponwhichallotherlearningisbuilt.Whenboysdon'tdowellal

reading,theirperformanceinotherschoolsubjects[C6]too.Second,girls

spendmoretimeonhomework.Researcherssuggestthatdoinghomework[C7]

byteachersislinkedtobetterperformanceinmaths,readingandscience.Boys,it

[C8],spendmoreoftheirfreetimeinthevirtualworld:theyare17%more

likelytoplayonlinegamesthangirlseveryday.TheyalsousetheInternetmore.Third,

peerpressureplaysa[C9].Alotofboysdecideearlyonthattheyarejusttoo

coolforschoolwhichmeansthey'remorelikelytobe[CIO]inclass.Teachers

markthemdownforthis.Inanonymous(匿名的)tests,boysperformbetter.Infact,the

gendergapinreadingdropsbyathirdwhenteachersdon'tknowthegenderofthepupil

theyaremarking.A)appearsB)caseC)distinguishesD)dramaticallyE)engaged

F)cxpcricnccG)lazyH)noisyI)proficicncyJ)rolcK)roughlyL)sctM)shortN)strugglc

O)suffers

37、[Cl]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：空格位于定冠词ihe之后，口本句的谓语为系动词is,故应填入单数

名词作表语。上文提到，几个世纪以来，男生都是班级里的尖子，而本句句首的

but表转折，故本句所表达的应该是与上文相反的情况，故空格处应填入case,意

为“情况”。备选的名词中，experience”经验,经历“、proficiency”能力，水平”和

role”作用，功能”均不符合文意，故排除。

38、[C2]

标准答案：K

知识点解析：分析句子结构可知，句子主要成分完整，空格前面为系动词are,后

面为形容词equal,由此可推知，该处很有可能填入副词。上文提到，男生在数学

上的分数稍微高些，下文转折后提到区别明显，因此可推知，此处表达的应该是男

女生在理科方面的分数大致相等，故空格处应填入roughly”大致上，粗略地”。备

选的副词dramatically“显著地”不符合文意，故排除。

39、[C3]

标准答案：N

知识点解析：空格位于who引导的定语从句中，从句中缺少谓语成分，关系词指

代的主语为复数且动作发生在现在，故应填入动词原形。上文提到，男生在数学上

的分数稍微高些，而男女生在理科方面的分数大致相等。本句句首的bul表转折，

故本句所表达的含义应该与上文相反，即说到确实很努力的学生时，这种差别很明

显，故空格处应填入struggle'、努力，奋斗”。备选的动词set'、布置”不符合文意，故

排除。

40、[C4]

标准答案：M

知识点解析：空格位于fall和of之间，且。f后面跟的是名词短语，故可推测此处

应该是考查一个固定搭配。上文提到，说到确实很努力的学生时，这种差别很明

显。一般情况下，冒号后面的内容是对冒号之前的部分进行的解释，因此该句表达

的是男生在所有这三个领域达不到基本标准的可能性比女生高50%。故空格史应

填入short«fallshortof意为“达不到；缺乏'L

41、[C5]

标准答案：I

知识点解析：空格位于系动词is之前，故应填入名词和reading共同构成主语,根

据下文可知，此处表达的是阅读能力是所有其他学习建立的基础，故空格处应填入

proficiency”能力，水平”。备选的名词中,experience”经验，经历”和role"作用，功

能”均不符合文意，故排除。

42、[C6]

标准答案：0

知识点解析：空格位于主句中，主句中缺少谓语成分，动作发生在现在且主语为不

可数名词，故应填入动词第三人称单数形式作谓语。如果男生在阅读方面不能取得

良好成绩，那么他们在其他学习科目中的表现也会变差，故空格处应填入

suffers“遭受，受损害”。备选的动词中，叩pears“看上去好像，似乎”和dis—

tinguishes"区别，区分”均不符合文意，故排除。

43、[C7]

标准答案：L

知识点解析；空格位于suggest后面的宾语从句中，从句句子成分完整，由空格前

的主语doinghome-work和空格后的byteachers可知，空格应填入动词过去分词，

同byteachers共同构成过去分词短语作后置定语。上文提到，女生在家庭作业上花

费的时间更多。研究人员表明完成老师布国的作业与在数学、阅读和理科方面更好

的表现有关联，故空格处应填入set“布置”。备选的动词过去分词engaged”从事,

加入“不符合文意，故排除。

44、[C8]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：分析句子结构可知，空格处是插入语，主语是it,所以应填入动词第

三人称单数形式作谓语。上文提到，女生在家庭作业上花费的时间更多。此处应该

是相对于上文的转折，即男生似乎在虚拟世界里花费更多的空闲时间，玩网络游

戏、使用互联网等，故空格处应填入appears”看上去好像，似乎”。备选的动词

distinguishes'、区别，区分''不符合文意，故排除。

45、[C9]

标准答案：J

知识点解析：分析句子结构可知，句中缺少宾语，空格位于不定冠词a之后，故应

填入单数名词作宾语。上文分别指出了在学校里女生比男生表现得更好的两点原

因。本段阐述第三点：同龄人的压力也发挥了作用，故空格处应填入⑹e”作用，

功能备选的名词experience”经验，经历”不符合文意，故排除。

46、[CIO]

标准答案：H

知识点解析：空格位于系动词be和介词短语inclass之间，故应填入形容词。很多

男生很早就决定他们只是学校里的酷学生，这就意味着他们在班级里更可能吵闹，

故空格处应填入noisy"喧闹的，有噪音的”。备选的形容词lazy“懒惰的，怠惰的”

不符合文意，故排除。

七、长篇阅读(本题共10题，每题L0分，共70分。)

CreativeDestructionofHigherEducationA)Highereducationisoneofthegreat

successesofthewelfarecountry.Whatwasoncetheprivilegeofafewhasbecomea

middle-classentitlement,thanksmainlytogovernmentsupport.Some3.5million

Americansand5millionEuropeanswillgraduatethissummer.Inthemodemworld

universitiesaredevelopingrapidly:Chinahasaddednearly30millionplacesin20years.

YetthebusinesshaschangedlittlesinceAristotletaughtattheAthenianLyceum(雅典学

园)：youngstudentsstillgatherataspecifictimeandplacetolistentothewisdomof

scholars.B)Atpresent,arevolutionhasbegun,thankstothreeforces:risingcosts,

changingdemandandnewtechnology.Theresultwillbethecompletechangeofthe

university.Whilethepricesofcars,computersandmuchelsehavegreatlyfallen,

universitieshavebeenabletochargeevermoreforthesameservicebecausetheyare

protectedbypublicfundingandthehighvalueemployersplaceondegrees.Fortwo

decadesthecostofgoingtocollegeinAmericahasrisenby1.6percentagepointsmore

thaninflationeveryyear.C)Formoststudents,theuniversityremainsagreatdeal.The

totallifetimeincomefromobtainingacollegedegree,innet-present-value()terms,

canincreaseasmuchas$590,000.Butanincreasingnumberofstudentshavegonedeep

intodebt,especiallythe47%inAmericaand28%inBritainwhodonotcompletetheir

course.Asforthem,thedegreebynomeansvaluesforthatsumofmoney.Andthe

governmentbecomesmoreandmoreunwillingtofundtheuniversity.InAmerica

governmentfundingperstudentfellby27%between2007and2012,whileaverage

tuitionfees,adjustedforinflation,roseby20%.InBriiain,tuitionfeesclosetozerotwo

decadesagocanreach$15,000ayear.D)Thesecondfactorresultinginchangeisthe

labormarket.Inthestandardmodelofhighereducation,peoplegotouniversityintheir

20s.Adegreeisanentrytickettotheprofessionalclasses.Butautomationisbeginningto

havethesameeffectonwhite-collarjobsasithasonblue-collarones.Accordingtoa

studyfromOxfordUniversity,47%ofoccupationsarcatriskofbeingautomatedinthe

nexttewdecades.Asinnovationwipesoutsomejobsandchangesothers,peoplewill

needtotopuptheirhumancapitalallthroughtheirlives.E)Bythemselves,thesetwo

forceswouldbepushingchange.Athird-technology—ensuresit.Theinternet,which

hasturnedbusinessesfromnewspapersthroughmusiciobooksaleupsidedown,will

turnoverhighereducation.NowtheMOOC,or"MassiveOpenOnlineCourse",is

offeringstudentsthechancetolistentostarlecturersandgetadegreeforafractionofthe

costofattendingauniversity.MOOCsstartedin2008:however,theyhavesofarfailed

toliveuptotheirpromise.Largelybecausethereisnoformalsystemofaccreditation(认

证)，drop-outrateshavebeenhigh.Butthisischangingasprivateinvestorsandexisting

universitiesaredrawnin.Oneprovider,Coursera,claimsover8millionregisteredusers.

1houghitscoursesarcfree,itreceiveditsfirst$Imillioninincomeslastyearafter

introducingtheoptiontopayafeeofbetween$30and$100tohavecourseresults

certified.Another,Udacity,hasteamedupwithAT&TandGeorgiaTechtoofferan

onlinemaster'sdegreeincomputing,atlessthanathirdofthecostofthetraditional

version.HarvardBusinessSchoolwillsoonofferanonline"pre-MBA"for$1,500.

StarbuckshasofferedtohelppayforitsstafftotakeonlinedegreeswithArizonaState

University.F)MOOCswilldestroydifferentuniversitiesindifferentways.Notallwill

suffer.OxfordandHarvardcouldbenefit.Peopleofgreatambitionwillalwayswantto

gotothebestuniversitiestomeeteachother,andthedigitaleconomytendstofavora

fewlargeinstitutionsinchargeofitsoperation.Thebignameswillbeabletoselltheir

MOOCsaroundtheworld.Butordinaryuniversitiesmaysufferthefateofmany

newspapers.Werethemarketforhighereducationtoperforminfutureasthatfor

newspapershasdoneoverthepastdecadeortwo,universities'incomeswouldfallby

morethanhalf,employmentintheindustrywoulddropbynearly30%andmorethan700

institutionswouldshuttheirdoors.Therestwouldneedtoadjustthemselvestosurvive.

G)Likeallrevolutions,theonetakingplaceinhighereducationwillhavevictims.Many

townsandcitiesrelyonuniversities.InsomewaysMOOCswillfurthermakethe

differencebothamongstudentsandamongteachers.Thetalentedstudentswillbemuch

morecomfortablethantheweakeroutsidethestructureduniversityenvironment.

Superstarlecturerswillearnafortune,totheangeroftheirlesscharmingcolleagues.

H)Politicianswillcomeunderpressuretohaltthisrevolution.Theyshouldrememberthat

statespendingshouldbenefitsocietyasawhole,notprotectprofessorsfromcompetition.

Thechangeofuniversitieswillbenefitmanymorepeoplethanithurts.Studentsinthe

richworldwillhaveaccesstohighereducationatlowercostandgreaterconvenience.

TheHexiblenatureofMOOCsappealstoolderpeoplewhoneedtraining.EdX,another

provider,saysthattheaverageageofitsonlinestudentsinAmericais31.Inthemodern

worldonlinecoursesalsoofferawayforcountrieslikeBraziltogoaheadWesternones

andsupplyhighereducationmuchmorecheaply.Andeducationhasnowbecomea

globalmarket:theMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologydiscoveredBattushig

Myanganbayar,aremarkablytalentedMongolianteenager,throughanonlineelectronics

course.I)Ratherthanmaintainingtheoldmodel,governmentsshouldmakethenewone

workbetter.Theycandosobysupportingcommonstandardsforaccreditation.InBrazil,

forinstance,studentscompletingcoursestakeagovernment-runexam.InmostWestern

countriesitwouldlikewisemakesensetohaveasingle,independentorganizationthat

certifiesexams.Changinganancientinstitutionwillnotbeeasy.Butitdoespromise

bettereducationfbrmanymorepeople.Rarelyhaveneedandopportunitysoneatlyconic

together.

47>Theintroductionofautomationaffectsthelabordemandandthenbringsaboutthe

revolutionofhighereducation.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

48Theweakerstudentsandthelessattractiveteacherswillsufferfromtheinnovation

ofhighereducation.

标准答案：G

知识点解析：暂无解析

49、MOOCsarcimprovinginthatprivateinvestorsandexistinguniversitiesarcengaged

inthem.

标准答案：E

知识点解析：暂无解析

50NAsfbrthosestudentswhodonotcompletetheircourse,theuniversitydegreeis

definitelynotworth$590,000.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

51、Despitearapidincreaseinthenumberofuniversitygraduates,highereducationhas

hadlittledifferencesinceitsbeginning.

标准答案：A''

知识点解析：暂无解析

52^Governmentsaresupposedtosupportcommonstandardstocertifyonlinecoursesof

highereducation.

标准答案：I

知识点解析：暂无解析

53、Inordertoavoidthefailure,ordinaryuniversitiesneedtoadaptthemselvestothe

digitaleconomy.

标准答案：F

知识点解析：暂无解析

54、Thankstoonlinecourses,studentsmayapproachhighereducationmuchmore

cheaplyandconveniently.

标准答案：H

知识点解析：暂无解析

55、Duetotheprotectionofpublicfundingandtheemployers'emphasisondegrees,

universitystudentsinAmericapayforarisingexpense.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

56>Mostlybecauseofthelackofformalrecognition,theratesofquittingonMOOCs

havebeenhigh.

标准答案：E

知识点解析：暂无解析

八、仔细阅读（本题共70题，每题1.0分，共10分。）

KentishTownRoadisaboringhighstreetinnorthLondon.Itcontainspoundshops,

hairdressersandsomeoldhardwarestores.UnlikeCamdenTowntothesouth,fullof

barsandtattoo（纹身）clubs,Hampsteadtothewest,withitspubsandclothingshops,little

seemstohavechangedonthestreetforthepastthreedecades.Oneexplanationisthat,in

commonwithotherpartsofLondon,KentishTownhaslotsofsocialhousing,aswellas

costlyVictorianterraces（排屋）.CamdenCouncil,thelocalauthority,isbuildingeven

moreinthetown.Thishelpscheapershopssurvive,suggestsTonyTraversoftheLondon

SchoolofEconomics:councilrentersarelesslikelytodriveandsorelymoreonlocal

outlets.Andthesheervolumeofcarandlorrytrafficonthebusyhighstreet,whichisa

mainroadintothecity,mightblockshoppersfromvisitingandfashionablebusinesses

fromsettingupinthearea.Populationstructureplaysapart,too.Fully72%ofthe

populationofKentishTowniswhite,includingagoodnumberofIrishresidents—higher

thantheproportioninLondonasawhole,at60%.Unlikethehighstreetsaround

PeckhamandBerixtoninsouthLondon,whichcaterforAfricanshopperswhomay

travelfartoreachthem,fewspecialistshopsdrawpeopletoKentishTown."We'renota

destinationhighstreet.'*sighsonelocaltrader.Strongoppositionofthelocalresidents

accountsforpartofthereason.Lotsofcivicgroupsareactiveinthearea,campaigning

againstnewlicensesandthelike,saysDanCarrieroftheCamdenNewJournal,a

newspaper.Alocalbusinessassociationisalsogoodatcomplaining.Partlybecauseof

this,abigsupermarkethasnotyetopenedonthehighstreet—thoughLidl,adiscounter,

willsetupshopthisyear.Soaringhousepricesintheareamightbeanotherbrakeonthe

change.Wealthyfamilybuyersmeanthatsomehousesoncesplitintoflatshavebeen

turnedbackintohomes,saysMr.Carrier.Theresultisfewershoppersonthehighstreet.

Wealthyresidentsaremorelikelytogettheirgroceriesonlineordrivetobiggerstores.

AndmostwillgoouttotheWestEndratherthanalocalrestaurant.

57、WhatdowelearnaboutKentishTownRoad?

A、Itisahighwayonlyforautomobiles.

B>Itisaboringbutfashionablewalkingstreet.

C>ItconnectsCamdenwithHampstead.

D^Itlooksalmostthesameasthirtyyearsago.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实细节题。本题考查肯特镇路的基本情况。由定位段第三句可知，

与另外两镇不同，30年来肯特镇路似乎并无改变，D)是对该句内容的同义转述，

故为答案。A)“它是一条仅允许机动车通行的大街”和B)“她是一条令人乏味但却很

时尚的步行街”，在原文均未提及，故排除；C)“它连接了卡姆登镇和汉普斯蒂

德“，显然是对原文内容的过度推断，该段第一句说肯特镇路在伦敦北部，第三句

说卡姆登镇在南部，汉普斯蒂德在西部，但并未交代三镇是否相连，故排除。

58、WhichisthereasonforthesurvivalofcheapershopsonKentishTownRoad?

A、Socialhousingprovidesopportunitiesforcheapershops.

B、VictorianTerraceshelpthesurvivalofcheapershops.

C、Thetouristsmakeupthemainstreamconsumersoftheshops.

D、Cardriversconsumeintheshopswhentheroadisblocked.

标准答案：A

知识点解析•：事实细节题。由定位段可知，肯特镇有两种类型的房屋：社会住房和

维多利亚式排屋。根据上下文的语义关系，第三句主语ihis应该指代前文中的

socialhousing,而不是复数名词terraces,因此有助于低价店铺生存的是社会住

房，而不是维多利亚式排屋；第三句冒号后的内容，也进一步说明议会租户不大可

能开车去购物，所以更多的还是依赖于当地商铺，这些都给低价店铺提供了更多的

机会，故A)为答案。B)项意思恰恰与A)相反，故排除；C)“游客构成了这些商店

的主流消费者”，该段最后一句提到汽车总量和货车流量可能遏制了顾客对商店的

光顾，C)表述与此不符，故排除；D)“当道路拥堵的时候，汽车司机会在这些店里

消费”与原文不符，故排除。

59、By"We'renotadestinationhighstreef^Line4-5,Para.3),thelocaltradermeans

that.

A、touristsfindnowheretowanderaboutonKentishstreet

B、Kentishstreetisnotaplacecateringforvisitors

C>shopsonKentishstreetcannotattractbuyers

D、visitorsdonotcomeiobuythingsonKentishstreet

标准答案：B,J

知识点解析：语义理解题。本题考查对该段最后一句话的理解。原文第三句说，不

像伦敦南部的佩卡姆和布里斯顿附近的大街那样，可以迎合那些远道而来的非洲顾

客，肯特镇几乎没有吸引人来到这里的专门商店，说明肯特镇路没有为迎合顾客而

设的商店，根据上下文的语义逻辑关系，B)“肯特街不是一个迎合观光客的地方”与

“We'renotadestinationhighstreet”这句话的意思最接近，故为答案。A)“游客发现

肯特街没什么地方可以逛”、C)“肯特街的店铺不能吸引购买者”和D)“观光客来肯

特街不为买东西”在原文中均未提及，故均排除。

60、Inwhatwaydoesthelifeoflocalwealthyresidentsaffectthetown?

A^Theyrebuildthehousesandsetuplargershops.

B、Theirshoppinghabitcausesthedeclineofthelocalbusiness.

C、Theirmovingbackpromotestheprosperityofthestreet.

D、Theyconfinetheirconsumptiontothelocalshops.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推理判断题。本题考查当地富有居民的生活对肯特镇的影响。原文第

五段第三句说“大街上的顾客越来越少”，随后第四、五句又解释说“富裕的居民更

可能网上购物或是开车去更大的商店。其中的大多数人会去伦敦西区，向不是当地

的餐厅”，可以推测肯特街生意萧条的部分原因是受到了富裕家庭购物习惯的影

响，故答案为B)。A)“他们重建了房屋，开设了更大的商店”是对该段第二句的曲

解，原文是说富裕家庭壬原来分隔成公寓的房子重建为大房子，不是开设了更大的

商店，排除；C)“他们的回归促进了街道的繁荣”，与该段第三句“大街上顾客越来

越少''语义完全对立，排除；D)“他们将消费限定在当地的商店里”明显与该段第

四、五句意思相反，排除。

61、ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatKentishTown.

A、doesn'tdevelopfastbecauseitsroadsaretoonarrow

B、holdsalargernumberofwhitepopulationthanLondon

C、rejectsnewbusinessesandfulfilskindoflocalprotectionism

D、mayonedaybecomeacommunityforonlywealthyfamilies

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推理判断题。本题考查肯特镇的信息。根据第四段可知，当地居民反

对颁发新许可证这类事物，当地的一个商业协会也擅长这种控诉。由此可知，肯特

镇拒绝新企业入驻，实施地方保护主义，故C)为答案。A)“发展不快是因为道路太

窄”，第二段主要说社会住房促进了廉价商店的存在，而拥堵的道路又阻碍了外来

购物者的进入，因而肯特镇发展较慢，直接将发展慢归因于道路窄过于武断，故排

除；B)“白人数量比伦敦多”，根据第三段可知，肯特镇白人占当地总人口的

72%,比白人占伦敦总人口的比例还要高，两个数据说的是人口比例，不是人口的

真实数量，故排除；D)“可能有一天会变成一个只有富裕家庭的社区”，第五段并未

提及，故排除。

Polygraphs,or"liedetectors”,areusedwidelyinAmerica,includingonsexoffenders,

butinBritainmanyremainskeptical.Polygraphsdonotdetectlies.Theymeasure

changesinphysiology,suchasbreathingrate,sweatingandbloodpressure.Tellingliesis

oftenstressfulandcanpromptjumpsinthereadings.Butotherthings—fear,

embarrassment,worriesaboutbeingwrongfullyaccused-candothesame.Enthusiasts

saythatpolygraphsaccuratelydetectlies80-90%ofthetime.TheBritishPsychological

Societycitesstudiesshowingsimilarfiguresbutcautionsthatproblemsintheresearch

meanthattherealrateisprobablymuchlower.And"falsepositive"rates(defininga

truthfulpersonaliar)canbeashighas47%.Boostersofthegovernment'sschemesay

thepointisthatusingpolygraphsencouragessexoffenderstorevealmoreinformation,

before,duringandafterthetest.Ina2010-2011pilotstudyoffenderswhotook

polygraphtestsmademorethantwiceasmany"clinicallysignificantexposures"-

informationthatcouldpromptchangesinthewaytheyarcmanaged—asthosethatdid

not.Manysaidtheywouldnothavedonesowithoutundergoingthetest.JaneWood,a

psychologistattheUniversityofKentwhoco-authoredthereportonthepilot,saysthat

someoffendersfoundthetestshelpfulaswaytoconvincetheirfamiliestheywerebeing

honestabouttheirbehaviour.Otherssaidthatthediscussionspromptedwhentheyfailed

thetesthelpedthembettertounderstandtheconditionsoftheirlicense.Polygraphtests

donotstandontheirown,arguesDonGrubin,aprofessorofpsychiatryatNewcastle

University:theyshouldbeoneofanumberoftoolsusedtoassessoffenders.Nonetheless

someremainuneasy.Thoseusingthetestsmaybecomecontented,worriesAnne

McAlindenofQueen'sUniversity,Belfast,andgivethemexcessiveweight.Inthe

government'sstudy,themoretestsoffenderstook,thefewerlieswerelabeled.That

mightindicatethattheybecamemoretruthful,oritmightsuggestthattheyweregetting

betteratgainingthetest.

62、Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutpolygraphsistrue?

A、TheyarewidelyusedandtrustedbyAmericansaswellastheBritish.

B、Theytestpsychologicalchanges,suchasfear,embarrassmentandworries.

C、Theyareprovedtobeabletodetectliesasaccuratelyhighas80-90%ofthetime.

D、Theymaynotbeasreliableasenthusiasts