Unit+1+People+of+Achievement+单元检测 高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

一、阅读理解AClaraBarton,bornonDecember25,1821,iswidelyknownasoneofthemosthonouredwomeninAmericanhistory.ShelivedinWashington,DC,whentheCivilWarbeganin1861.Sheheardstoriesofwoundedandsufferingsoldiers.Sheimmediatelyrecognizedthatthepoorlyequippedsoldiersneededhelp.Insteadofwaitingforotherstostepin,Claracollectednecessarythingsonherown,askedthepublicfordonationsandlearnedhowtostoreandgivethemtothesoldiersinthebattlefield.AftertheBattleofCedarMountaininnorthernVirginiain1863,Claraarrivedatafieldhospitalatmidnightwithavehiclefullofsupplies.AdoctornamedPaulSmithatthathospitalwouldlaterwrite,“Ithoughtheavenhadsentoutanangelthatnight—herassistancearrivedatexactlytherighttime.”Afterfouryearsofhardwork,ClarafellillandmovedtoSwitzerlandtorecover.ItwastherethatshefirstlearnedaboutagroupcalledtheRedCross.Thisgroupworkedtohelppeoplewhoweresufferingduringtimesofwar.ButtheUnitedStatesdidnottakepartthen.ClarareturnedhomeandbegantoestablishtheRedCrossinAmerica.Sheworkedhard,travellingtoWashingtonforsupport,gavespeechesandwrotearticlestowinthesupportofthepublic.ShetoldpeopletheRedCrosswasnotonlyimportantduringtimesofwar,butalsousefulinpeacetimes.Thisgottheattentionofboththepublicandthepoliticians,andthustheAmericanAssociationoftheRedCrosscameintobeingin1881.ClaraBartonretiredfromtheRedCrossin1904.Shedied8yearslateronApril12,1912.HerlegacywiththeAmericanRedCrossliveson.()1.WhatdidClaraBartondoduringthewartime?A.Shewaitedforothers’assistance.B.Shecollectedmoneytobuymedicalsupplies.C.Shedonatedmoneytohelpsoldiers.D.Shewenttostoresfornecessarycanthings.()2.HowdidDrSmithfeelatClaraBarton’sarrival?A.Proudandjoyful.B.Shyandnervous.C.Excitedandgrateful.D.Exhaustedandupset.()3.Whatwastheauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Todescribeanimportanthistoricalfigure.B.TointroducetheRedCrossinAmerica.C.ToexplainthedangeroftheCivilWar.D.ToillustratethehistoryoftheRedCross.BWriterLuXunisaculturalgiantofthe20thcenturyinChina.Hisinfluencegoesfarbeyondliteraturetotheworldofideas,artandevenpolitics.ZhouShuren(1881–1936),morecommonlyknownbyhispennameLuXun,isoftencalled“thefatherofmodernChineseliterature”.Hebelievedintheideaof“literatureasavehicleforamoralmessage”.Asacriticofthesocialproblemsoftheearly20thcentury,hewantedtoinspirehisfellowpeople.HisfamousworksincludeAMadman’sDiary,acriticalattackontraditionalvalues,andTheTrueStoryofAhQ,aboutadaylabourerwhowishestoparticipateintherevolutionof1911withoutanyunderstanding.Theformerwasalsothefirstworktobewrittenentirelyintheeverydaylanguagespokenbyordinarypeople.Hisstorieswroteabouttheuglysideofhumannatureandtransformedpeople’smindsasaresult.Hiswritingdidnotcomeeasily,whichmightbedifferentfromwhatmanybelieveaboutwriters.Hisfriendsfinallypersuadedhimtowritein1918,when,ashelaterputit,“itdidnotoutofme,buthadtobesqueezed(挤)out”.Therefore,heconsidered1918astheyearhesetoutasawriter,accordingtoHowtheTrueStoryofAhQWasWrittenintheSelectedWorksofLuXun.LuXun’swritinghadalargeinfluencethroughoutChina.Foryears,hisworkshavebeenincludedinChinesetextbooks.TheLuXunLiteraturePrize,amajorliteratureprizeinChina,isnamedafterhim.Heisamasterofirony,whichmakeshisworksverydifficulttotranslate.Buttherehavebeenafewtranslatorswhohavesuccessfullydoneso.Therefore,hisworkshavealsoreceivedattentioninternationally.Heisrespected“notonlyasanation-builderbutalso,andperhapsmostimportantly,asthevoiceofthenation’sconscience(良知)”.()1.WhatcanwelearnaboutLuXun’sworksfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?A.TheTrueStoryofAhQwaswrittentoattacktraditionalvalues.B.AMadman’sDiarywaswrittenwiththehelpofhisfriends.C.Theyareoftensharpcriticismsonsocietalissues.D.TheymadegreatimpactontraditionalChineseliterature.()2.AccordingtoParagraph4,howwouldLuXunprobablydescribehiswriting?A.Difficult.B.Satisfactory.C.Easytounderstand.D.Helpfultohisfellowpeople.()3.WhatmakesLuXun’sworksdifficulttotranslate?A.Thelargenumberofcitations.B.Thecarefulchoiceofwords.C.Thesmartuseofirony.D.Theuseofphilosophicalideas.()4.Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A.WhatinspiredLuXuntostartwriting.B.HowLuXundevelopedhiswritingstyle.C.LuXun’slifestoriesandfamousworks.D.LuXun’sworksandhisinfluence.二、七选五GladysWestisablackfemalemathematicianwhomadeagreatcontributiontothedevelopmentofGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS).GladysWestwasborninDinwiddieCounty,Virginia.1Notwantingtospendherlifeworkinginthefields,shedecidedthataneducationwasheronlywayout.Shegraduatedfirstinherhighschoolclassandearnedascholarship(奖学金)tocollege,whereshestudiedmathematics.Aftergraduating,shetaughtforafewyearsbeforelandingajobin1956attheNavalSurfaceWarfareCentreinDahlgren,Virginia.2 determinetheirexactlocations.3Gladysalsowrotecomputersoftwarethatprocessedgeoid(大地水准面)heights.Herworkduringher42-yearcareerattheNavybaseinDahlgrenwasextremelyimportanttothedevelopmentofGPSinthe1950sand1960s.AsGladysstartedhercareerasamathematicianin1956,shehadalmostnoideathatherworkwouldimpacttheworldfordecades(数十年)tocome.Gladyssaid,“Whenyou’reworkingeveryday,you’renotthinking,‘Whatimpactisthisgoingtohaveontheworld?’4”Gladysbecamearolemodelforotherwomen.“IthinkIdidhelp,”shesaid.“5Yousortofwhisperedandlookedateachotherorsomethingbefore,butnowtheworldisopeningupalittlebitandit’seasierforwomen.”A.You’rethinking,‘I’vegottogetthisright.’B.WemadealotofprogressafterIcamein.C.Shewasthedaughterofasmallfarmowner.D.Iwasveryhappytoworkwithsomeofthegreatestscientists.E.Thedatawerestudiedusinghugecomputersthatfilledentirerooms.F.Herdesireforeducationresultedinherleavingteachingtogetamaster’sdegree.G.Shewasthesecondblackwomanandoneofonlyfourblackemployeesatthecentre.二、完形填空ZhangGuimei,whohas1her40yearstoeducationinaChina’ssouthwesternarea,isa“mother”andheadmasterwhohasignited(点燃)thehopesofmanygirlswiththelightof2.At17,sheleftherhometownHeilongjiangProvinceforYunnanProvince.WhileteachinginHuapingcounty,shesawmanygirls3ofschoolduetopoverty.Itsaddenedherverymuchandmadeher4thataneducatedfemaleisabletochangethesituationofpovertyinafamilyandeventhefate(命运)ofthreegenerations.In2002,Zhangwas5tobuildafreeall-girlshighschool,inhopeofchangingthefutureofthegirlsinthemountainsandliftingthemoutofpoverty.In2007,Zhang6areportinBeijingatthe17thCommunistPartyofChina(CPC)NationalCongress.Herreport“Ihaveadream”madeherdreamofbuildingafreeall-girlshighschool7toall.Ayearlater,Zhang’sschoolwas8,becomingthefirstfreeall-girlshighschoolinChina.Beforeitwassetup,lessthan50percentofthestudentsinHuapingtookhighschoolentranceexams.However,thefigure9toover90percentlastyear.Inthepast,ruralgirlsinthecountyoftenhadnochoicebutto10atayoungage.Today,an11numberofthemaregoingtohighschoolsforeducation.Duringthepast13years,theschoolhashelpedover1,800students12theirdreamsofgoingtouniversities.Duetoherselflesswork,Zhangwas13CPC’stophonourJuly1MedalattheGreatHallofthePeopleinBeijing.Attheceremony,shesaid,“ThethingswehavedonearewhatmanyCPCmembersaredoingeveryday.14I’mstillcapable,Iwillstandintheclassroomtogivemyall,whichIwillneverever15.”()1.A.contributedB.appliedC.belongedD.responded()2.A.lanternB.fireworkC.educationD.midnight()3.A.figureoutB.setoutC.carryoutD.dropout()4.A.gratefulB.awareC.concernedD.curious()5.A.addictedB.shockedC.likelyD.determined()6.A.replacedB.deliveredC.disguisedD.represented()7.A.limitedB.faithfulC.knownD.typical()8.A.completedB.appointedC.announcedD.confirmed()9.A.droppedB.divedC.walkedD.jumped()10.A.retireB.performC.marryD.leave()11.A.existingB.increasingC.individualD.equal()12.A.removeB.repeatC.refuseD.realize()13.A.awardedB.arrangedC.achievedD.attracted()14.A.AswellasB.AssoonasC.AslongasD.Asfaras()15.A.regretB.ensureC.forgiveD.imagine四、应用文写作假如你是李华，你的外国朋友Jack得知屠呦呦获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的消息，因此对其产生了浓厚的兴趣，想了解屠呦