北京市中考试题（英语）解析版

...wd......wd......wd...2012年北京市高级中学招生考试英语试卷解析版学校__________ 姓名__________ 准考证号__________考生须知1.本试卷共12页，总分值120分，考试时间120分钟。2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、姓名和准考证号。3.试卷答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5.考试完毕，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。听力理解〔共24分〕一、听对话，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三幅图片中选择与对话内容相符的图片。每段对话读两遍。〔共4分，每题1分〕3. A. B. C.二、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最正确选项。每段对话或独白读两遍。〔共12分，每题1分〕请听一段对话，完成第5至第6小题。5.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.Thelibrary.B.Thepostoffice.C.TheCityBank.6.Whatshouldthewomandoatthetrafficlights?A.Turnright. B.Tumleft.C．Goforward.请听一段对话，完成第7至第8小题。7.Whydidthewomantakepicturesofherflat?A.Toputtheminherlivingroom.B．Toshowthemtoherfriends．C.Tosendthemtoherparents.8.Whichroomdoesthewomanlikebest?A.Thestudy.B.Thelivingroom.C.The、bedroom.请听一段对话，完成第9至第10小题。9.Whendoesthemangotothegymeveryday?A.Afterbreakfast.B.Afterlunch.C.Afterdinner.10.What'stheman'sjob?A.Areporter.B.Anactor.C.Adoctor.请听一段对话，完成第11至第13小题。11.Whyisthemanaskingforhotwater?A.Heisthirsty.B.Hisfeethurt.C.Hefeelscold.12.Howwelldidthemandointherace?A．Hewasinthemiddle.B.Hewasoneofthefastest.C.Hewasoneoftheslowest.13.Whatcanyoulearnfromtheconversation?Themanenjoysrunning.B.Themanwantstowintherace.C.Thewomanwillrunwiththeman.请听一段对话，完成第14至第16小题。14.What'sthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Hisstudents.B.Hisjob.C.Histrouble.15.Whatdothestudentsusuallydoduringthelesson?A.Marktheircoursework.B.Doexperiments.C.Answerquestions.16.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofhiswayofteaching?A.Itboresthestudents.B.ItsavestimeC.Itworks.三、听对话，根据所听到的对话内容和提示词语，记录关键信息。对话读两遍。〔共10分，每题2分〕HealthyDentistryTo:Dr.LeePatient’sname:Bill__17__Lastcheck-up:__18__agoCheck-uptime:__19__,July47:30inthe__20__Roomnumber:__21__知识运用〔共25分〕四、单项填空。〔共13分，每题1分〕从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最正确选项。22.ThelovelygirlisfromClass6.____nameisAlice.A.Her B.His C.Your D.Its【参考答案】A【答案解析】此题考察人称代词所有格的判定。由题干“thelovelygirl〞可知这是一个女孩，所以选择she的名词所有格形式her。所以答案选A。23.—Isyourfatherhome?—No，he’sworkinglate____theoffice.A.on B.at C.of D.to【参考答案】B【答案解析】此题考察介词的辨析。“在办公室〞的表达是attheoffice，所以答案选B。24.Therewereonlytwopaintingsforsaleandhebought____.A.all B.any C.both D.some【参考答案】C【答案解析】此题考察代词的判定。由题干“twopaintings〞可知，所选代词应该表示两者。A表示三者或三者以上，B用在肯定句中意为“任何〞，D意为“一些〞，均与题意不符。所以答案选C。25.Let’s____forawalk,shallwe?A.togo B.going C.go D.gone【参考答案】C【答案解析】此题考察动词的固定搭配。letsbdosth意为“让某人做某事〞，固定搭配。所以答案选C。26. —WherewereyoulastSaturday?—I____intheCapitalA.am B.willbe C.was D.havebeen【参考答案】C【答案解析】此题考察时态的判定。由题干“lastSaturday〞可知，时态应为一般过去时，am的过去时为was。所以答案选C。27. —Mum,mustIwashthedishesrightnow?—No,you____.A.shouldn’t B.wouldn’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t【参考答案】D【答案解析】此题考察情态动词的答复。情态动词must的否认答复用needn’t，所以答案选D。28.Iworkhardthisterm,butPeterworksmuch____.A.hard B.harder C.hardest D.thehardest【参考答案】B【答案解析】此题考察副词的对比级。much修饰对比级，hard的对比级是harder，所以答案选B。29. —MayIspeaktotheheadmaster?—He____ameetingnow.CanItakeamessage?A.ishaving B.had C.has D.willhave【参考答案】A【答案解析】此题考察时态的判定。由题干“now〞可知，校长“现在〞正在开会，用现在进展时，所以答案选A。30.Therearenobuses,____you’llhavetowalk.A.so B.or C.but D.for【参考答案】A【答案解析】此题考察连词的辨析。题干“nobusses〞是“walk〞的原因，所以用连词so表示结果，所以答案选A。31. —____isthedictionary?—It’s$22.95A.Howold B.Howlong C.Howthick D.Howmuch【参考答案】D【答案解析】此题考察特殊疑问句的用法。由答复“It’s$22.95.〞可知，题干是问价人民币，所以答案选D。32.I____Mr.SmithsincehemovedtoShanghai.A.didn’thearfrom B.don’thearfromC.won’thearfrom D.haven’theardfrom【参考答案】D【答案解析】此题考察时态的判定。题干“sincehemovedtoShanghai〞是现在完成时的标志，所以答案选D。33.Today,computersarereallyhelpful.They____everywhere.A.use B.areused C.used D.wereused【参考答案】B【答案解析】此题考察时态语态的判定。由题干“Today〞可知此题说的是当今的事，用一般现在时，所以答案选B。34. —Canyoutellme____theprize,Tom?—Lastyear。A.whenyougot B.whendidyougetC.whenwillyouget D.whenyouwillget【参考答案】A【答案解析】此题考察宾语从句的用法。宾语从句要用陈述语序，故BC错；根据答复“Lastyear.〞可知时间为过去，故D错。所以答案选A。五、完形填空。〔共12分，每题1分〕 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最正确选项。Severalweeksago,ourheadmaster,Mr.Gaudi,toldusthatourschoolhadbeenchosentocompeteonSmartAleck—agameshowwhichmybestfriendCarlaandIbothlove.Carlahasagoodimagination,andIknowalotofhistory,sowethoughtwe’dbegood__35__fortheteam.Afewdayslater,Mr.Gaudiheldameetingwitheveryoneinterestedinthe__36__.HetoldusthatSmartAleckusesafivememberteam.Healsosaidthatthreemorepeoplewouldbeneededasbackup〔替补〕.Unluckilyfourtimesthatmanystudentswereatthemeeting.SoMr.Gaudisaidwewouldhavea__37__andthetopeightscorerswouldbecometheteamandthebackup.Everybodyagreedthatthiswasa__38__waytodecide.Yesterday,allofthehopefulswenttothedininghallafterschool.Wewouldhavetodecidethestartingline-up〔阵容〕.Mr.Gaudiactedasthehost.Afteracoupleofhours,allthe__39__ontheteamweresetexceptone.CarlaandI__40__forthatlastposition.Wehadtoholdaone-on-onecompetitionbetweenthetwoofus.Thewinnerwouldbeontheteamandtheloserwouldbethebackup.Midwaythroughourtwo-personcompetition,Iwasstartingtopullahead.__41__IsawthelookonCarla'sface.IwaitedforasecondandknewwhatIhadtodo.AsmuchasIwantedtobeonSmartAleck,Carlawanted__42__evenmore.So,startingwithmynextquestion,IheldbackandletCarla__43__,justbyalittlebit.Herexpressionasshe__44__shewouldbeontheshowmadeupformynotbeingontheteam.AndsinceIwillgoasbackup,I'llstillhavethefunofseeingtheshowupclose.WasI__45__bynottryingashardasIcould?Idon'tthinkso.Noonenoticed,andCarlaandIdidn't__46__it.Itwon'thurttheteambecauseCarlawillbeaverygoodcompetitorontherealshow.Ithinkthatmakingmybestfriendhappywastherightthingtodo.35.A.choicesB.pairsC.leadersD.fans解析：此题考察名词，根据意思，Carla有丰富的想象力，我了解历史，因此我们是最好的选择，所以答案选A，B是成对，成双，C是领导者，D是粉丝。36.A.courseB.workC.tripD.show解析：考察名词，A是课程，B是工作，C是旅行，D是表演，展览，答案选D。37.A.directionB.discussionCpetitionD.conversation解析：此题考察名词，A是指导，指挥，B是讨论,C是竞争，D是对话，根据上下文意思，是为了竞争位置，所以答案选C。38.A.specialB.hardC.fairD.funny解析：考察形容词，A是特殊的，B是困难的，C是公平的，D是有趣的，根据上下文意思，是以一个公平的方式，答案选C。39.A.placesB.rulesC.namesD.orders解析：此题考察名词，考察从上下文找答案的能力，注意下一句position位置这一词可知答案选A，地方，B是规则，C是名字，D是命令。40.A.tiedB.clappedC.criedD.returned解析：A是系，固定，B是鼓掌，C是呐喊，叫喊，D是归来。由后面的position可知答案选A。41.A.Still B.NeverC.ThenD.Again解析：此题难度适中，根据上下文是个顺承，所以答案选C，凭借语感对比容易选出。42.A.usB.itC.meD.her解析：此题考察代词，根据上下文意思，it指代SmartAleck,答案选B。43.A.waitB.turnC.moveD.win解析：此题考察动词，根据文章意思，我让她赢，答案选D。A是等待，B是转，C是移动。44.A.acceptedB.realizedC.consideredD.decided解析：此题考察动词，A是承受，B是意识到，C是考虑，D是决定，根据句子意思，应该是她意识到，答案选B。45.AingB.refusingC.helpingD.cheating解析：此题难度适中，读懂句子意思基本没问题，D是欺骗的意思，他没有尽她的努力，这样就是欺骗，答案选D。46.A.meanB.planC.regretD.say解析：此题考察动词，A是意味着，B是方案C是懊悔，D是说。ACD都搭不上意思，答案只能选B。阅读理解〔共44分〕六、阅读以下短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最正确选项。〔共26分，每题2分〕AJoinUsforaDayatSunValleyChildrenaged10to14areinvitedtotakepartinthe“EventoftheSummer〞atSunValleyAmusementPark,themostpopularamusementparkontheEastCoast.SunValleyhasmorethan80amusementrides.Forsportslovers,therearebasketballcourts,anindoorbaseballfield,andclimbingwalls.Noamusementparkwouldbecompletewithoutagiftshop.SunValleyhastwo.Youwon’twanttomissoutonthisdayoffun.JoinusatSunValleyAmusementParkonJuly14Register〔登记〕early.Thecostofthetripis$25.Thisincludesticketsandallrides.Wesuggestthatallchildrenbringlunch.Busesleaveat9:00AMandreturnat5:00PM.RainDate:Wednesday,July16.RegisterattheChildren’sRecreationCenterattheTownHallbyJuly3.Aone-dayregistrationwillalsobeheldonJuly1attheBrownFormoreinformation,callJaneParksat555-726747.Whocantakepartinthe“EventoftheSummer〞?A.Childrenunder5 B.Childrenover16C.Childrenaged10-14 D.Childrenaged5-948.Thechildrenhadbetterbring____A.abasketball B.lunch C.agift D.gloves49.WhencanchildrenregisterattheBrownA.OnJuly1 B.OnJuly3 C.OnJuly14 D.OnJuly1647.解析：此题难度低，属于细节题，由文章第一句可知答案选C。48解析：此题难度低，属于细节题，由圆点的第二点，可知答案选B.49解析：此题难度低，属于细节题，由倒数第二行可知答案选A。BStreetPingPong—Ping!Doyouliketabletennis?IfyouhadtravelledtocitiesintheUKlikeLondonorBirminghamlastsummer,youmighthaveseenoneofthedozensoffreetablesthatwerethereaspartofaproject〔工程〕calledPing!.WhatisPing!?Ping！isathree-yeartabletennisproject.Ithasbeenrunningsince2010andthisyear,2012,isthefinalyear.TheideaistoputfreetabletennistablesineightdifferenttownsintheUKforfourweeksduringthesummer.Eachtablecomeswithitsownbatsandballsandisfreetoplay.Youcanfindthetablesoutdoors.WhatdoesPing!hopetoachieve?ItwouldbegreatifPing！helpedfindanewOlympictabletennisstarbutwhatPing!reallyhopes.toachieveisjusttogetpeopleplayingandhavingfuntogether."Puttingapingpongtableonthestreetgivespeopleachancetoconnectwithotherpeople,"saidMeeraSodha,Ping!ProjectManager.OneofthetownsthattookpartintheprojectwasHull,acityinEngland.Forty-fivetableswereputintothecity.JakobAdamski,anESOLstudentlearning.English,said,"Ireallyenjoyedplayingtabletennisinthepark.ItwasalsoagoodwayformetopractisemyEnglishandmeetpeople."50WhendidthePing!projectstart?A.Lastsummer.B.Lastwinter.C.In2010.D.In2012.51.What'sthePing!project?A.Choosingtabletennisstars.B.Holdingtabletennismatches.C.Teachingpeoplehowto.playtabletennis.D.Puttingfreetabletennistablesinsometowns.52.ThepurposeofthePing!projectisA.tohelppeoplepractiseEnglishB.toinvitepeopletovisittheUKcitiesC.togetpeopletoplayandhavefuntogether.D.toencouragepeopletotakepartinthe20120lympics50解析：此题难度低，属于细节题，由文章第二段第一行可知，答案选C。51.解析：此题难度适中，属于细节题，由文章第二段第二行可知答案选D。52：解析：此题难度适中，属于细节题，由倒数第二段第二行可知答案选C。CTherightnameisimportantinthebusinessworld.Allyouhavetodoisthinkofthenamesforsomeoftheproductsyoubuyeverydayandyou’llagreethatthenameandtheproductareconnectedintheeveryone’smind.Inmanycountries,successfultradeorbrandnamesareprotectedbylaw.Thisissothatothercompaniescannotmakeaproductand,infact,bebuyingsomethingdifferent.Businessesregisteracompanyoraproductnamewiththegovernment.Infact,morethan1,000productandcompanynamesareregisteredeveryhour.Manycompaniesspendalotofmoneytofindtherightnamefortheirproducts.Agoodexampleofthisis.Inthecarindustry.Somesuccessfulnamesforcarshavepowerfulassociations〔联系〕.TheFordMustangandtheJaguarareonlytwoexamplesofchoosingthenamesofanimalsthatarefastandstrong.WhenaU.Scompanydecidestosellitsproductinanothercountry,ithastomakesurethattheproductnametranslatesproperly.WhenCoca-ColaintroduceditssoftdrinktoChina,itlookedfortherightname.Itwantedanamethatwoulddotwothings.Onewastopresentitsimage〔形象〕inChineseandthesecondwastobeclosetoitsfirstbrandname—Coke.Ittooksomeeffortsbeforefindingtherightword—whichsoundssimilarandtranslatesas“happinessinthemouth〞.AsiancompanynamesarenotnewtotheUnitedStates.ThebrandnamesofSamsungandSonyhavebeensuccessful.Findingtherightbrandnameisabigbusiness.Asiancompaniesthatselltoforeignmarketspaytofindanamethatwillconnectwithitscustomers.Thereareevennamingcompaniesthatspecializeininventingproductnames.Thesecompaniescancharge〔要价〕upto$100,000awordfortheircreations.Butit’sworthit.Successfulcompaniesknowhowimportanttherightbrandnamesarefortheirdevelopment.53.Whyaretradenamesprotectedbylawinmanycountries?A.Tomakecompaniespayfornamingservice.B.TohelppeoplechoosethebestproductsC.Topresentgoodimagesoftheproducts.D.Topreventgoodimagesfrombeingcopied54.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.ManycompaniescareaboutthecostoffindingtherightnamesB.CreativetradenamescanhelpcompaniestohavealargersaleC.ThegovernmentoftendoesbusinesswithnamingcompaniesD.Itisconsiderednecessaryforcarstobenamesafteranimals55.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheBusinessofNamesB.TheDevelopmentofNamesC.TheRulesofNamingBusinessD.TheMethodsofChoosingNames53、解析：由第二段第一二行可知应选D。54、解析：根据短文的主要意思和所举得例子可知选了B。55、解析：文章讲产品的名字，只能选A，没讲方法、规则，开展，故BCD错误。DReadingOliverJames'Affluenza,Ithoughtaboutwhatoftenhappensathome.My12-year-oledaughterisintears."Ihavesotakeatesttomorrow.Idon'tunderstandanyofit,"shecriesout.Aftershoutingandshuttingherdoor,shecalmsdownenoughtogothroughhernotes.ThefollowingdryIaskherhowthetestwentandthejustsays"OK,Igotanine"."Wow.welldone!"Isay,beforeshefinisheswith"ButInevergetaten!"AccordingtoJames,thisobsessionwithgettingtopmarkshasbeenabaddevelopment,whichencouragespeopletothinkofeducationintermsofworkandmoney.Totestthis,Iaskedmydaughterwhyshewassoworriedabouthertests.ShelookedatmeasifIwasthick."Well,ifIdon'tgetgoodgrades,Iwon'tbeabletoaffordnicethingslikeacarandstuff."Iwasquitesurprised,becauseIdon'tconsidermyselfapushyparent.ButJamessuggestsanditleavesstudentsfeelingfailureseveniftheyareverybright.HepointstotheDanishsystem〔体制〕ofeducationasabettermodel.Creatinghappycitizenswhohavegoodsocialskillsisseenasmoreimportantthanhighachievementsatschoolortheneedsofbusiness.Forme,IcannotrememberthelasttimeIhadtoworkouttheareaofacircle,reciteaShakespearepoemorgrammarrules,yetIhavelivedahappylife.WhatIreallyneededtolearnatschoolwashowtomakepoliteconversations,orhowtoavoidgettingintodebtorhowtodevelopgoodpersonality.ThisisinfactsimilartowhatOliverJamesreallyhasinmind.Andheislookingforschoolswherestudentsareencouragedtofindandfollowtheirowninterests,somethingmorelikeTongjon.TongjonhasbeendevelopedinsomeKoreanprivateschools.ItisquitedifferentfromthemorerigidsystemoflearningthingsbyheartthatisusedinKorea,andindeedinmanyotherschoolsystemsaroundtheworld.AstheRussianpoetPushkinsaid,"Inspiration(灵感〕isneededingeometry(几何学〕justasmuchasinpoetry",andinspirationdoesnotcomefromendlesslyrevisingfortestsorgettingworriedaboutthem.56.Whatdoesthewriterprobablythinkofhis/herdaughter?A.Shesetsherselfagoaltoohightoreach.B.Sheshouldbemorepolitetoherparents.C.Sheishard-workingbutnotverybright.D.Shetakeshergradesmuchtooseriously.57.Whatdoestheword"obsession"inparagraph3mean?A.Aplainandunavoidablefact.B.Asatisfiedandveryproudstate.C.Apracticalandwidely-usedway.D.Afixedandoftenunreasonableidea.58.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Socialskillsareasimportantashighgrades.B.Interestingradescanshakeself-confidence.C.Thewriterregretsnothavingstudiedhardatschool.D.Danisheducationalsystemisforverysmartstudents.59.Thewriterwantstotellusthat____.A.learninghappilyisthekeytoself-development.B.topmarksmaybehelpfultoincreaseone'sinterest.C.testsshouldbeimprovedtogivechildreninspiration.D.educationshouldmeetone'sneedsforwordandmoney.解析：56、由Shesetsherselfagoaltoohightoreach,并没有说她不能到达，排除A。Sheshouldbemorepolitetoherparents无中生有，排除B，对于C没有说不bright，故错误，因此，只能选D。57、解析：由hasbeenabaddevelopment，再根据上下文意思，可知应选D。58、解析：由倒数第二段知应选B。59、解析：topmarksmaybehelpfultoincreaseone’sminterest,与文章不符，排除B，由文章最后一段可知C错误，对于选项D，money明显是错误的，所以，选A＞七、阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。〔共8分，每题2分〕Dr.JackToddisveryinterestedincleanwater.____,soit'snaturalthatheistodeveloperofasmallandaffordablesystem(系统〕tocleanwastewater,His“LivingMachine"cancleanwastewaterinyourhomeorinyourbusiness.__61__Thewastewatergoesintoabigplastictankwherebacteria(细菌〕starttobreakdownthewaste.Afewdayslaterafteritisdealtwith,thewaterisbroughtintoagreenhousefilledwithplantsandfish.Withthehelpofsunlight,theplantsandanimalsremovemorechemicalsfromthewater,makingitcleaner,Thenthewatercanbereusedforwashingorbathing__62__butthewateriscleanenoughforwateringtheflowing,washingthedog,orevenforbathingorswimming.Theadvantageofthistechnologyisthatitisaffordableandgoodfortheenvironment.__63__.Itcanhelptouselessfreshwater,anditcanhelpkeepthewatersupplyunpolluted.Ifenoughhomesandbusinessesuse“LivingMachines〞PeopleliketoplanttreesaroundtheirhousesHeisalsointerestedinsavingmoneyItcannotbeusedfordrinkingorcookingThe“LivingMachine〞isasystemforcleaningwastewater解析：60.由下句可知是选C，savingmoney，61，承接第一段最后一句“LivingMachine"，所以答案选E。62.由后面的转折次词but可知选D，谁不能用来喝和煮饭，但是可以用来浇花。63.排除法可知是选A，根据后文的意思，承接上文应该是假设，如果企业和家庭use“LivingMachines〞，就会少用新鲜水。参考答案：60、C61、E62、D63、A八、阅读短文，根据短文内容答复以下问题。〔共10分，每题2分〕Everyyear,wildfires(野火)destroymuchforestland.homesarebrokendown,andthousandsofpeopledie.smokejumpersarestophelpingtostopthis.Smokejumpersareaspecialkindoffirefight.theyjumpfromplacesintoareasthatdifficulttoreachbycaroronfoot.theyracetoputoutfiresasfastastheycan.Atafiresite,Smokejumpersfirstexaminethelandanddecidehowtofightthefire.theirmaingoalistostopfirefromspreading.usingbasictoolssuchasshovelsandaxes,smokejumpersclearlandofburnablemateriallikeplantsandotherdrymaterial.theycarrywaterwiththemtoo,butnotmuch.Althoughmostsmokejumpersaremen,morewomenarejoining.Mostimportantareyourweightandheight.SmokejumpersintheU.S.forexample,mustbe54to91kilograms,sotheydon’tgethurtwhentheyland,orgetblownbystrongwinds.Smokejumpersmustbeabletoliveinthewilderness.inRussia,manysmokejumpersknowhowtofindfoodintheforestandevenmakesimplefurniturefromtrees.Theyworkisdangerous,thehoursarelong.Butforthesefirefighters,smokejumpersisn’tjustajob.Theylovebeingabletojumpoutofplanes,fightfires,andliveintheforest.As28-year-oldRussiansmokejumpersAlexiTishinsays,“Thisisthebestjobforthestrongandbrave.〞64.WhatareSmokejumpers?65.Wheredothejumpfrom?66.What’stheirmaingoal?67.Whyshouldtheyhaveproperweight?68.What’sneededtobeasmokejumpers?解析：64、答案来自第二段第一句。65、答案来自第二段第二句。66、答案来自第三段第二