强化练(九)　跨学科背景知识语篇2025高考英语大二轮专题强化练专题一　四选一阅读

强化练(九)跨学科背景知识语篇【2025高考英语大二轮专题强化练专题一四选一阅读强化练(九)跨学科背景知识语篇考情速递：英语作为一种交流的工具，不仅仅是一门语言，更是学生了解世界的媒介和手段。因此高考试题尤其是阅读理解，往往会考查涉及跨学科背景知识的文章，因此考生在备考时要关注其他学科相关知识，做到有备无患。Ⅰ.阅读理解(2023·泉州高三质检)DNAtestingisoneofmodernmedicine’smostsignificantbreakthroughs.Today,anyonecanreceivepersonallizedinformationabouttheirgenes(基因)andancestrywithjustalittlesaliva(唾液).Now,aSeattle－basedcompanyisworkingtobringequallydeepanalysistothetrillionsofproteinswithinourbodies.NautilusBiotechnology,acompanyfoundedin2016bySeattle’sSujalPatelandtheSanFranciscoBayArea’sParagMallick,isdevelopingadevicetoidentifyandcount95%ofthedifferenttypesofproteinsinabiologicalsample.Humancellscancontainroughly20，000differenttypesofproteins,withcrucialfunctionsrangingfromdigestiontodiseaseprotection.Eachcellhasavaryingamountofeachprotein.Thecompanywantstomeasurethekeymachinery(机制)insidecellswithalevelofdetailthathasneverbeendonebefore.Existingtools,itsays，canonlymeasureupto8%ofthedifferenttypesofproteinsinbloodsamples.Sowhydopeoplecountproteins?Researchshowshealthycellsanddiseasedcellshavedifferingamountsandformsofeachprotein.Forexample，cancercellsmayhavemoreofProteinAthanProteinB.Knowingthatmighthelpintwoways.First，doctorscouldlookforhigherProteinAlevelstodetectcancerearly.Second，researcherscouldbetterdesigndrugstotargetProteinA.Nautilussayssuchproteinmeasurements，whichareuniquetoeverypersonandchangethroughoutpeople’slives,willnotonlyhelpdoctorsidentifymorespecificformsofdiseasebutalsohelppharmaceutical(制药的)companiesfindmoreprecisedrugswithfewersideeffects.Whileothercompaniesalsoarebuildingnewproteinanalysismachines,expertsandprospectivecustomershaveexpressedexcitementoverNautilus’sapproach.Mallick,chiefscientistofNautilusandthebrainbehinditstechnology,isconfident.“It’snoteverydaywhenyouget...toworkonsomethingthat’stheopportunitytochangeallofbiology.”【语篇解读】本文是新闻报道。DNA检测是现代医学最重要的突破之一。现在一家总部位于西雅图的公司正致力于对我们体内数以万亿计的蛋白质进行同样深入细致的分析，其目的是帮助医生识别更具体的疾病形式并帮助制药公司找到副作用更小且对症治疗更精确的药物。1.WhatistheSeattle－basedcompanydoing?A.Tryingtocounttheamountsofbloodcells.B.ExaminingDNAforpersonalizedinformation.C.Developingadevicetoanalyzepeople’sproteins.D.RevealingmoreaboutourancestrieswithDNAtesting.答案C[细节理解题。根据第二段内容尤其是“isdevelopingadevice...biologicalsample”可知，这家公司正致力于开发一种能够分析人体中不同类型的蛋白质的设备。]2.Whatmakestheinventionofthedevicepossible?A.Precisedrugsareguaranteed.B.Cellanalysistechniquesdevelopfast.C.Proteinsaremucheasiertobeanalyzed.D.Proteinamountsandformsvaryfromcelltocell.答案D[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Humancellscancontain...varyingamountofeachprotein.”可知，人类细胞大约含有2万种不同的蛋白质，且每个细胞每种蛋白质的数量都不同，这就使得开发能够分析人体中不同类型的蛋白质的设备成为可能。]3.Inwhichareawillthedevicebehelpful?A.Diseasemonitoringandmachinedesign.B.Diseasedetectionanddrugdevelopment.C.Diseasepreventionandtargetedtreatment.D.Diseasetreatmentandthepreventionofsideeffects.答案B[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“First，doctorscould...totargetProteinA”可知，这种设备一方面可以帮助医生寻找更高的蛋白A水平来提早发现癌症，另一方面有助于研究人员更好地设计针对蛋白A的药物，即有助于疾病的检测和药物的开发。]4.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.CombiningDNATestingwithProteinAnalysisB.SettingaNewExampleofMedicalSolutionsC.CreatingOpportunitiesforChangingBiologyD.AnalysingProteinsforNewMedicalBreakthroughs答案D[标题归纳题。文章第一段最后一句话点明了主题，告诉我们一家位于西雅图的公司正致力于对我们体内数以万亿计的蛋白质进行深入的分析，文章后面几段围绕这一话题进行陈述并介绍了这样做的意义，即为新的医学突破进行人体蛋白质的分析，故选项D适合作文章的标题。](2023·济南高三统一检测)Radiocarbondatinghasrevealedtwofake(伪造的)paintingsinFrance—probablythefirsttimethetechniquehasbeenusedinapoliceinvestigation.Thepaintingsweresupposedlyworksfromaroundtheearlytwentiethcentury.ButateamledbyscientistLucileBeckattheUniversityofParis－Saclaydatedthemtosometimewithinthepast70years.Theuseofradiocarbondatingisgainingpopularity，thankstoadvancesthatrequiresmallersamplesthaneverbefore.Removingtiniersamplesfromartworksisbecomingmorepalatabletomuseumsandownersofpaintings.Ifthereisachancethatapaintingisgenuine—andthereforevaluable—theydon’twantthecollectionoflargersamplestodamageit.Alllivingthingstakeincarbon,includingradioactivecarbon－14,fromtheatmosphereandfood.Whenaplantcommonlyusedtomakecanvas(油画布)dies,thecarbon－14thatitcontainedcontinuestofalloff.Radiocarbondatingmeasureswhat’slefttoestimatethetimethat’spassed,saysMariaelenaFedi,aphysicistattheNationalInstituteforNuclearPhysicsinFlorence，Italy.Atomic－bomb(原子弹)testing,whichbeganinthe1940sandtookoffinthe1950s,quicklyincreasedtheamountofcarbon－14intheatmosphere.Carbon－14peakedaround1964andwentdownafterapartialbanonnucleartests.Researcherscaneasilyidentifymaterialscontainingmodernbomb－producedradiocarbonbecausetheircarbon－14concentrationsarehigherthanpre－1950slevels.Beck’steamtesteditssamplestoseewhethertheyborethefeatureofthatbomb－producedradioactivecarbon－14.Thecanvasfiberfromthepaintingsclearlycontainedcarbonfromeitherthemid－1950soraftertheyear2000,theresearchersreported.Beckacknowledgedthat,ideally,theteamwoulddofurtherchemicalanalysistosupportitsfindings,buttheresearcherswerelimitedbythetighttime.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。利用碳定年法，法国警方发现了两幅赝品画。本文具体介绍了碳定年法的工作原理等相关信息。5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“palatable”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Impressive. B.Acceptable.C.Expensive. D.Difficult.答案B[词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Theuseofradiocarbon...thaneverbefore”可知，由于技术进步，碳定年法需要比以往任何时候都更小的样本，这一方法越来越受欢迎。结合画线词所在的句子可知，从艺术品中提取更小的样本，对博物馆和画作所有者来说正在变得更容易接受。故画线词意为“可接受的”。]6.Howdoesradiocarbondatingwork?A.Byremovingsamplesfromartworks.B.Byrequiringthesmallersamples.C.Bymeasuringthecarbon－14left.D.Bytestingthecarboninthesample.答案C[细节理解题。根据第三段尤其是该段尾句中的“Radiocarbondatingmeasureswhat’slefttoestimatethetimethat’spassed”可知，碳定年法通过测量剩下的碳14来估算时间。]7.Whatcanwelearnaboutatomic－bombtestinginParagraph4?A.Itproducesmorecarbon－14.B.Ithelpsidentifyfakepaintings.C.Itreducescarbonconcentrations.D.Ithasbeenstoppedcompletely.答案A[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Atomic－bomb(原子弹)testing...intheatmosphere.”可知，20世纪40年代开始的原子弹试验迅速增加了大气中碳14的含量。]8.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.PaintingswaitingtobeidentifiedB.TwofakepaintingsfoundinFranceC.NewtechnologyinpaintingsbecomesahitD.Radiocarbondatingprovesananti－fakehelper答案D[标题归纳题。本文首段主要介绍了利用碳定年法发现两幅赝品画这一事件，引出了本文主题，即碳定年法能判定真伪。由此可以推知，D项“碳定年法成了防伪助手”最适合作本文标题。](2023·云南高三质检)Inabout23years,itmayfinallybetimetolookup.Arecentlydiscoveredasteroid(小行星)hasachanceofhittingtheearthonValentine’sDayin2046.ItwasdiscoveredonFeb.26atanobservatoryinSanPedrodeAtacama,Chile.Whilethethoughtofanasteroidhittingtheearthmaysoundconcerning,NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)sayspeopleshouldn’tbeworried.Theasteroidhasanestimateddiameterofaround160feet,whichisaboutthesamesizeasanOlympicswimmingpoolorthewidthofafootballfield.“We’vebeentrackinganewasteroidnamed2023DWthathasaverysmallchanceofimpactingtheearth.Oftenwhennewobjectsarediscovered,ittakesseveralweeks’datatoreducetheuncertaintiesandadequatelypredicttheirorbitsyearsintothefuture，”NASA’sPlanetaryDefenseCoordinationOffice(PDCO)said.TheasteroidisrankedontheTorinoScaleasLevel1threat.Thescaleisatooltocategorizepotentialearthimpacts,withzerobeingnothreatand10beingsomethingthatcancauseaglobaldisaster.OneontheTorinoScalemeans2023DWisinthenormalorgreenzone.“Currentcalculationsshowthechanceofcollision(碰撞)isextremelyunlikelywithnoneedforpublicconcern，”NASAsaysofthegreenzone.“NewtelescopicobservationswillverylikelyleadtoreassignmenttoLevel0.”Although2023DWdoesn’tposeagreatrisktotheearth,NASAhasbeencontinuingtoworktodefendourplanetfromanyasteroidthatcouldcausedisasters.InSeptember,2022,NASAcrasheditsDoubleAsteroidRedirectionTestspacecraft,orDART,intoanasteroidtoseeifitcouldchangethetrajectoryofthespacerock.NASAlaterconfirmedthemissionwasasuccess,andiscontinuingtoresearchhoweffectivethemethodis,shouldamassiveasteroidbeheadedourway.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。美国国家航空航天局通过目前的计算显示，2023DW小行星碰撞地球的可能性极低。9.WhatdoesNASA’sPDCOsayabout2023DW?A.Itistooclosetotheearth.B.Itmustbedestroyedinspace.C.Itsorbitisstilluncertainnow.D.Itsorbitshouldbechanged.答案C[细节理解题。第四段说的是美国国家航空航天局的行星防御协调办公室认为，2023DW新小行星撞击地球的可能性非常小；当发现新天体时，他们往往会通过几周的数据减少这些新天体的不确定性，并充分预测它们未来几年的轨道。由此可知，该部门认为2023DW新小行星的轨道尚不确定。]10.Howis2023DWrankedontheTorinoScale?A.AsLevelzerothreat.B.AsLeveltenthreat.C.Inthenormalzone.D.Inthethreateningzone.答案C[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“TheasteroidisrankedontheTorinoScaleasLevel1threat.”和“OneontheTorinoScalemeans2023DWisinthenormalorgreenzone.”可知，2023DW小行星在都灵等级中被列为1级威胁，且都灵等级中的1表示2023DW处于正常区域。由此可知，2023DW在都灵等级中被列入正常区域。]11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trajectory”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Size. B.Weight.C.Angle. D.Path.答案D[词义猜测题。根据上文可知，美国国家航空航天局通过研究该天体的轨道来预测并减少其对地球造成的威胁。由此可知，画线词意为“轨道”。]12.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AnAsteroidWasDiscoveredatanObservatoryinChileB.AnAsteroidIsComingOurWay,UnlikelytoHitUsC.ASpaceRockHasJustPassedtheEarthD.ASpacecraftHasBeenCrashedRecently答案B[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了美国国家航空航天局通过目前的计算显示，2023DW小行星碰撞地球的可能性极低。故B项最适合作文章的标题。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2023·福建三校联考)It’sinterestinghowourcontactsinfluenceourtomorrow’sday.Peopleweareinrelationshipswith__1__us.Whenwechange,weinevitablychangeourlifestylesandattitude.Let’sseewhetheryourfriends__2__yourfutureandifso,theninwhatwaystheydoso.Whenwe__3__someoneforthefirsttime,wearetryingtofindoutmoreabouteachother.Thefirst__4__youmakeonotherscounts.Butyour__5__contactwitheachotherformsthegeneralopinionofthepersonyouare__6__with.Ifyouareapositivepersonwhohasa(n)__7__personality,donotbeshytodemonstrateittostrangers.Strangersbecomeourfriendsandifyouignorethisfactand__8__tobewhoandwhatyoureallyarenot,thenyoumay__9__alotofgoodfriendships.Also,bewiseandlearnto__10__therightsortofpeople.Thisisimportantforyourfuture.Friendsusuallymeetatplacesorgooutside.Notonlydoyoulearnabouttheirpersonalitiesandcharacters,youalso__11__whathobbiestheyhave.Yourfriends’interestsmaybecomeyourinterests.Ifyoumakefriendswithsomeonewhosemainactivityis__12__，youwillmost__13__wanttoworkouttoo.Ifyourcircleoffriends__14__peoplewholeadapassivelifestyleanddonottakecareofthemselves,itisverypossiblethatyouwillsoonerorlaterturnintoa(n)__15__person.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了朋友的生活态度会潜移默化地影响我们的生活态度，对我们的未来产生影响。1.A.change B.improveC.need D.prevent答案A[change改变；improve改进；need需要；prevent阻止。根据上文“It’sinterestinghowourcontactsinfluenceourtomorrow’sday.”可知，我们与他人的联系会影响我们的生活，由此可知，与我们有关系的人会改变我们，且与下文“Whenwechange”中的“change”呼应。]2.A.determine B.designC.shape D.concern答案C[determine决定；design设计；shape塑造；concern涉及。根据上文“Whenwechange,weinevitablychangeourlifestylesandattitude.”可知，我们与他人的联系会改变我们的生活方式和态度，进而塑造我们的未来，由此可知，句中指朋友可能会在某种程度上塑造我们的未来。]3.A.forget B.chooseC.blame D.meet答案D[forget忘记；choose选择；blame责怪；meet遇见。根据句中“wearetryingtofindoutmoreabouteachother”和生活常识可知，应该是当我们第一次遇见某人时，我们会想了解更多关于对方的信息。]4.A.impression B.commentC.decision D.promise答案A[impression印象；comment评论；decision决定；promise承诺。根据上文“Whenwe________someoneforthefirsttime”可知，当我们第一次遇见某人时，会给对方留下第一印象。由此可知，句中指你给别人的第一印象很重要。]5.A.second B.furtherC.formal D.active答案B[second第二的；further进一步的；formal正式的；active积极的。根据句中“generalopinion”和生活常识可知，对方对你的普遍看法应该是在你与对方进一步接触的过程中形成的。]6.A.arguing B.cooperatingC.communicating D.dealing答案C[argue争论；cooperate合作；communicate交流；deal处理。根据上文“Let’sseewhetheryourfriends________yourfuture”可知，句中探讨的是朋友对你未来的影响，朋友是与你交流的人，由此可知，句中指进一步接触形成了你的交流对象对你的普遍看法。]7.A.curious B.extraordinaryC.charming D.inspiring答案D[curious好奇的；extraordinary卓越的；charming迷人的；inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据句中“Ifyouareapositiveperson”可知，一个积极的人应该会具有鼓舞人心的个性。]8.A.refuse B.pretendC.manage D.prepare答案B[refuse拒绝；pretend假装；manage管理；prepare准备。根据句中“whatyoureallyarenot”可知，句中指有时我们会假装自己是某种人，但实际上我们并不是那种人。]9.A.preserve B.ruinC.gain D.miss答案D[preserve保护；ruin毁灭；gain获得；miss错过。根据句中“________tobewhoandwhatyoureallyarenot”和生活常识可知，在其他人面前不表现出真实的自己会导致我们错过很多美好的友谊。]10.A.pick B.admitC.support D.believe答案A[pick选择；admit承认；support支持；believe相信。根据句中“therightsortofpeople”可知，朋友会影响我们的未来，由此可知，我们应该学会选择合适的人做朋友。]11.A.findout B.careaboutC.workout D.thinkabout答案A[findout发现；找出；careabout关心；在意；workout锻炼；想出；thinkabout考虑。根据句中“whathobbiestheyhave”可知，在与朋友相处的过程中，我们可以发现他们有什么爱好。]12.A.reading B.travellingC.sports D.relaxation答案C[reading阅读；travelling旅行；sports体育运动；relaxation放松。根据句中“wanttoworkouttoo”可知，朋友之间相互影响，由此可知，应该是朋友喜欢运动，你才会受到影响，想要锻炼。]13.A.obviously B.likelyC.actually D.hopefully答案B[obviously明显地；likely可能；actually事实上；hopefully有希望地。根据上文“Yourfriends’interestsmaybecomeyourinterests.”中的“may”可知，你朋友的兴趣可能会成为你的兴趣，句中强调可能性，由此可知，如果你朋友喜欢运动，你很可能也想锻炼身体。]14.A.expect B.helpC.include D.recognize答案C[expect期待；help帮助；include包括；recognize承认。根据句中“yourcircleoffriends”和“peoplewholeadapassivelifestyle”可知，句中指你的朋友圈里包括一种人，这种人过着消极的生活。]15.A.active B.caringC.greedy D.lazy答案D[active积极的；caring乐于助人的；greedy贪婪的；lazy懒惰的。根据句中“peoplewholeadapassivelifestyleanddonottakecareofthemselves”可知，过着消极的生活，不照顾自己的人是懒惰的人，由此可知，在这样的朋友的影响下，你很有可能迟早会变成一个懒惰的人。]A篇Para.1：personalizedadj.针对个人的；为个人特制的Para.3：crucialadj.至关重要的；关键性的B篇Para.1：techniquen.技巧，工艺；技术，技能investigationn.(正式的)调查，侦查；科学研究，学术研究Para.3：atmospheren.大气，大气层；空气estimatev.估计takein吸收；领会；欺骗falloff减少；降低Para.4：takeoff突然成功；(飞机)起飞；突然大受欢迎，迅速流行C篇Para.1：chancen.可能性Para.3：estimatedadj.估计的，预计的diametern.直径Para.4：trackv.跟踪adequatelyadv.充分地Para.5：rankv.把……分等级potentialadj.潜在的，可能的Para.6：observationn.观察Para.7：posevt.造成A篇译文：NautilusBiotechnology是由西雅图的SujalPatel和旧金山湾区的ParagMallick于2016年创立的一家公司，该公司正在研发一种设备，用于识别和计数生物样本中95%的不同类型的蛋白质。强化练(六)句意猜测题与代词指代题解题提示：1.句意猜测题要注意锁定语句、前后寻找，意义吻合是解题提示。2.解答代词指代题时一定要遵循就近原则，找出离代词最近的名词、词组或句子等。Ⅰ.阅读理解(2023·大连高三双基测试)Citieshavebeendescribedasessentialtoclimatechangesolutions,buttheycanalsoraisethekindsofecologiststhatwillbringusintoamorecomprehensivebiologicalfuture.AsablackwildlifebiologistfromPhiladelphia,Istoodoutamongmycoworkers.Mypresenceinecologyhaschallengedassumptionsaboutnotonlywhatabiologistlookslike,butalsowhereabiologistcomesfrom.IntheU.S.,ecologywasconductedinrurallandscapes,butIhadnohistoryofcamping,fishing，huntingorhiking.IhadyettorecognizethatPhiladelphia,withitsfourseasonsandtherichnessofsquirrels(松鼠),rowhousesandfestivals,wasactuallymyfirstecologicalclassroom.ThereIwitnessedwildcatseatingbirdsandrats,peopleshootingbatsfromtheirhomesandsnakesbeingkilledbylawnmowers(割草机).Thisisasmuchecologyinactionasanythingwewitnessinfieldsandforests.Urbanwildanimalsexhibitmanyfeaturesandbehaviorsthatsetthemapartfromtheirruraltwins：Theymaybebigger,eatmorediversefood,areactiveatdifferenttimesoftheday,movedifferentlyandhavedifferentpersonalities.Somebiologistsarguetheyareeven“smarter”.Besides,urbanwildlifebalancesmorerisks—suchasroadchemicalpoisonsanddiseasesfromdomesticanimals—withrewards.Someofthoserewardscomefromhumansprovidingfoodandsomefromthedistributionofourparksandwaterbodies.Inourprofessionallivesasbiologists,livingwithsuchwildanimalscanmakeusmoretolerantofspeciesdiversity,whichcanbenefitthenaturalworld.Natureisnolongeronlyprimitivewildernessbutincludessoundsofhumanlaughterandgarbagetrucks.Weexpectmorebiologistsfromurbansettingsbecauseurbanenvironmentsnaturallytrainkeenobserverswhoarethefutureofecology.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。“我”是一位来自费城的黑人野生生物学家，在同事中脱颖而出。“我”观察到费城的野生动物不仅更能适应环境，还使得生物学家对生物多样性更加包容。1.Whichmadetheauthorstandoutamonghiscoworkers?A.Hisnationality.B.Hiscitybackground.C.Hisinterestinoutdooractivities.D.Hisloveforanimals.答案B[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Asablackwildlife...whereabiologistcomesfrom.”可知，作者是来自费城的黑人野生生物学家。由此可知，作者的城市背景让其在同事中脱颖而出。]2.Whatdoestheunderlined“they”inparagraph3referto?A.Urbanwildanimals. B.Ruralanimals.C.Domesticanimals. D.Wildlifebiologists.答案A[代词指代题。根据第三段第一句话的内容可知，城市野生动物有不同于农村野生动物的特征和行为，它们的体形可能更大，吃的食物更多样化，在一天中的不同时间活动，行动方式不同，性格也不同。结合画线词所在句可知，“they”指代上句的主语“Urbanwildanimals”。]3.Whatdoweknowabouturbanwildanimals?A.Theyhavetroubleingettingfood.B.Theyenjoysaferlivingconditions.C.Theydobetterinfightingdiseases.D.Theyaremoreadaptabletoenvironment.答案D[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“urbanwildlife...animals—withrewards”可知，城市野生动物还要平衡更多的风险，例如道路化学毒物和家畜疾病，由此可知，城市野生动物更能适应环境。]4.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.UrbanWildAnimalsSurviveB.BenefitsofCityConservationC.CitiesBuildBetterBiologistsD.ABlackBiologistfromPhiladelphia答案C[标题归纳题。根据最后一段的尾句“Weexpectmore...thefutureofecology”，再结合全文内容可知，本文从一位来自费城的黑人野生生物学家的角度阐述了城市环境能培养更好的野生生物学家的观点。](2023·南京六校联考)Howdoconsumerspay?Spendingoncreditcards?Down.Spendingondebitcards(借记卡)?Wayup.Debitcardshavebeentheheroformanypaymentcompaniesthisyear.AtVisaandMastercard,theUSdebit－carddollarpaymentandpurchasevolume(量)rose23%yearoveryearinthequarterendedinSeptember.Thesamewithcreditcardswasdown8%.Investorsshouldunderstandthedriversofthistomakeitclearwhetherthisvolumeislong－lasting.Paymentfirmsarereportingthatpeoplearemoreoftenusingcontactlesstap－to－paywhentheyshopinstores.Theseareoftenpurchasesforrelativelysmallerdollaramounts,whichtendtobeputondebitcards.Thereisalsomorecarduseinonlineshoppingforeverydaythingslikegroceries,whichareoftendebitpurchases.Economicstressplaysarole,too.Someconsumersmayhavebeencutofffromcreditcards.Otherssimplyliketousecreditcardslessduringtimesofeconomicuncertainty.Governmentstimulus(促进因素)isalsoadriver:Manystimuluspaymentsaremadeondebitcards.Sincecreditcards’stronghold—cross－bordertravel—isn’tcomingbacksoon,strengthindebitcardswillbeimportant.VisaandMastercardaretryingtopushdebitcardsintomoreareas,forexample,bylinkingtheirinstant－paymentdebitnetworkswithappstohelpmovemoneyfasterbetweendigitalaccounts.Anotherthingthatmaydrivedebit－cardusageamongyoungercustomersisthatmorefinancial－technologycompaniesareofferingthem.Mostpaymentproviderswon’tmindifthedebithabitstickssolongaspeopleareusingtheirnetworksinsomeform.Butitcouldbecomealong－termdragforbanksandlenders.Fornow,lendersandinvestorsmaybeOKwithlimitingtheircreditrisk,buteventuallytheywillreallyneedthosehigh－profitcardloans(贷款)togrowinalow－interest－rateworld.【语篇解读】本文是说明文，主要介绍了今年人们支付时，用借记卡的比率在上升，而使用信用卡的比率比往年有所下降。5.Whydoestheauthorputforwardthequestionsinparagraph1?A.Topresenthisidea. B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Tomakeanargument. D.Tomakeacomparison.答案B[写作意图题。综观全文及第二段的“Debitcardshavebeentheheroformanypaymentcompaniesthisyear.”可知，这些问题是为了引出本篇文章的主题，也就是说今年借记卡成了许多支付公司的主角。]6.Inwhichsituationmaypeopleusecreditcardsmore?A.Whenpayingforatripabroad.B.Whenpayinginstoreswithoutcontact.C.Whenspendingsmallerdollaramounts.D.Whenshoppingintimesofeconomicuncertainty.答案A[细节理解题。根据第五段的“Sincecreditcards’stronghold—cross－bordertravel—isn’tcomingbacksoon...”可知，跨境旅游消费主要用信用卡。]7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inparagraph6referto?A.Customers.B.Debitcards.C.Paymentproviders.D.Financial－technologycompanies.答案B[代词指代题。根据画线词所在句可知，更多的金融公司提供借记卡。]8.Whatcanweinferaboutthecreditcardsfromthelastparagraph?A.Theywillhavelowinterestrates.B.Theywillcauseriskstothebanks.C.Theywillimprovethebanks’income.D.Theywilldocustomersnogoodinthelongrun.答案C[推理判断题。根据最后一段的“buteventuallytheywillreallyneed...inalow－interest－rateworld.”可知，信用卡可以为银行创造相对高的收益。](2023·长沙高三月考)Everyonewhoknewanythingaboutanimalswarnedmeagainstgettingarabbitinmyearly20s，butIignoredthem，andendedupwiththree.Itturnsoutthatallthepeoplewhoareagainstrabbitshaveapoint：Rabbitsgetsickallthetime,andthereareveryfewvets(兽医)whospecializeintheircare.Myyearswithrabbitshavebeenfulloffeeding,hurriedtripstothevet，sleeplessnightsandbeggingforadviceontheInternet.Nowthatmyanimalsareoldandweaknow,Icleartheirwasteandcleantheirlegswitharabbit－friendlyshampoo(洗涤剂).Ispendalotoftimeonthefloor,becausealthoughmyrabbitsarehardtosatisfysocially,theyalsohatetobepickedup.Iamoftenaskedthequestion：Whyrabbits?Whynotadog,oracat?Itrytodescribewhatit’sliketobewiththem.IhadneverfeltarealdutytowardsanythinguntilIhadmyrabbits.Myanswersneversatisfyanyone.I’mnotsureaboutthequestion,either—itsooftenimpliesinstrumentalvalue,asifthecorrectreplymightbe“Theymakegoodcompanions”or“They’renicetolookat”.Idon’thavetherightkindofreason.Idon’tbelieveintheusevalueofanylivingthing.Like__humans，animals__just__are—that’s__it.Usuallywedonotlookatotherpeopleandthinkabouthowtomakethemworkforus.Yetsomuchofourwayofseeingtheworldisfoundedontheassumptionthatanimalsaremeanttoserveapurpose.Thisseemswrong.Afteralltheseyearswithmyrabbits,theonlythingIknowisthatthereisnolessontobelearnedorvaluetobeacquired.There’sjustanefforttobemade,andasfarasI’mconcerned,that’swhatlifeis.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。作者通过养兔子的经历明白了生活的真谛：生活是需要不断努力的。9.Whydopeopleopposekeepingrabbits?A.It’sveryboring.B.Itcostsafortune.C.It’sratherdemanding.D.Itmakesthehousemessy.答案C[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“allthepeoplewhoareagainstrabbitshaveapoint...care”可知，兔子经常生病，专门治疗兔子的兽医很少，再结合第一段最后一句可推知，养兔子要求过于苛刻。]10.Whichwordcanbeusedtodescribetheauthor?A.Considerate. B.Knowledgeable.C.Sociable. D.Energetic.答案A[推理判断题。根据第二段可知，作者照顾他的兔子时非常细心，考虑很周到。]11.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4?A.Animalsshouldbetreateddifferently.B.Animalsshouldn’tbejudgedonsomepurpose.C.Thevalueofanimalsshouldn’tbeignored.D.Humansshouldliveinharmonywithanimals.答案B[句意猜测题。根据第三段和第四段内容可知，作者经常会被问到为什么养兔子而不是养狗或猫，他认为这一问题常常暗示工具价值，人们看待世界的方式大多建立在动物起到某一作用这一假设上，作者认为这是不正确的。由此可以推知，画线句表达的意思是人们不应该基于某种作用来评判动物。]12.Whateffectdoesraisingrabbitshaveontheauthor?A.Hekeepsbeingtruetohimself.B.Hereflectsonhislifemoredeeply.C.Helearnstovalueothers’opinion.D.Herealizesthemeaningoflife.答案D[推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，养兔子的经历让作者意识到努力才是生活的意义。]Ⅱ.语法填空(2023·苏北四市高三调研)Consistingofabambooframeanda1._____________(delicate)paintedpape