七年级生物 苏教版 上学期知识点总结

七年级生物(苏教版)上学期知识点总结七年级生物(苏教版)上学期知识点总结Sevengradebiology(SuEdedition)lastsemestersummaryofknowledgeChapter1,thebiologicalworldaroundus1.1.1natureconsistsofandconsistsofsomeobjectscalledcreatures.1.1.2biologicalinclude,and,Amongothers,and.Featuresof1.1.3organisms:Whatisthestructureofanorganism?;Theorganismhasfunction;Theorganismcanproduceoffspring,andtherearephenomenaandphenomena;Theorganismcanmakecertaintotheexternalstimulation;Theorganismcancertainenvironmentcanenvironment.Exceptfor1.1.4,organismsaremadeupofcells.Isthebasicunitofbiologicallifeactivities.1.2.1ecologicalfactorsarethefactorsthataffectbiologicallifeintheenvironment,Itincludesand.1.2.2nonbiologicalfactorsinclude,,,and.1.2.3biologicalfactorsthataffectthelifeofcertainorganisms.1.2.4biologicalandenvironmentalrelationshipsaremutuallyandmutually.Theexistenceofacertainenvironment,asaresultofbiology,environment,etc.,mustadapttotheenvironment.1.3.1biologyisthescienceofresearchandscience.Theproblemsthat1.3.2biologycansolveare,,,,,,,.1.3.3biologynowhasagreatimpacton,andon,andon.Thesecondchapterexploreslife2.1.1therightpictureistheschematicdiagramofthemicroscope.Pleasewriteit:12.345678910111213Themostimportantstructuresare[[and]]ItispossibletoadjusttheintensityoflightThelaboratorylightisnotstrong,light,andshouldchoose____mirror.Themicroscopeeyepieceengravedwiththewords"15x",said_____.Ifyouusethiseyepiece,usea10xobjectivelens.Itwasobservedobjectismagnified______times.Thetopleftoftheobservationtargetinview,toobservethetargetismovedtothecentralvisualfield,shouldmoveto______slidedirection;ifthetargetinthefieldrightbelowareneededtomove______slidedirection.Iftheword"B"wereputunderthemicroscope,theobjectistosee.Andifyoufindastainintheview,howdoyoudeterminethespotposition?.Theprocedureformakingtemporaryslidespecimensby2.1.2is:,,,.Biologicalmaterialsformakingtemporaryslidespecimensmustbe.2.2.1scientificinquiryusuallyinvolves,,,,andsoon.Isthebasicwaytoverifyhypotheses,including,andsoon.Allexperimentswerecarriedout.Inthecontrolledexperiment,exceptfordifferentfactors,all.Inthethirdchapter,cellisthebasicunitoflifeactivity3.1.1plantcellsarediverseinshapeandsize,butsimilarinstructure,including,,and.3.1.2rightupperviewisaschematicoftheplantcellstructure:1-thenameanditsfunction,whichistheroleoftheroleistheroleistheroleistheroleistheroleistheroleof.Themorphologyandsizeof3.2.1humanandanimalcellsaredifferent,butthestructureofhumanandanimalcellsisbasicallythesame,Sum.Pleasefillinthename.Thedifferencebetween3.2.2.plantcellandanimalcells,plantcells,___________and____________.3.3.3humancellsandplantcellshavethebasicstructureis:________,________,________.3.3.4geneticmaterialisfoundmainlyinthenucleus,whichiscontainedinthecellsofeachorganism,thechromosomes,andarecertain.Themajorcomponentsofchromosomesareandarethemajorgeneticmaterialsthatcanstoreandtransmitgeneticinformationandcontrolthemorphology,structure,andphysiologicalcharacteristicsoforganisms.Thefourthchapter,thecompositionoforganismsThegrowthofa4.1.1organismrelatedtoandrelatedtolivingcells.4.1.2celldivisionistheprocessofdividingcellsintocells,andtheresultisanincreaseincells.4.1.3celldifferentiationistheprocessinwhichthecellsofthedivisionchangeanddevelopinthedirectionofandtowardtheend,resultingintheformationof.4.1.4tissuereferstomorphology,structure,andhasacertaincellpopulation.4.1.5fillintheformbelow:NamefunctionexamplePlanttissueprotectivetissueBasicorganizationTransporttissuemeristemHumantissueepithelialtissueMuscletissueNervetissueconnectivetissue4.2.Bythe_____organisorganizedaccordingtothe______link,formastructurewithacertain_____.Agreenfloweringplantconsistingof,,,andincluding.Amongthem,therearevegetativeorgansandreproductiveorgans.4.2.2systemreferstothedifferenthumanbody,inaccordancewithcertaincombinations,formingastructurewithspecificfunctions.Humanbodyhas,,,,,,Andothereightsystems,inwhichthesystemandsystemplayaregulatoryrole.4.2.3thestructuralhierarchyofthehumanbody.Thestructurelevelsofplants:__________________________.4.2.4plantandhumanbodystructurelevelofthesamepointsareall,and,andthedifferenceisthatthehumanbodyatthestructurallevel,andtheplantdoesnothave.Thestructureof4.2.4inthemarkofParameciumandwritethefunctionontherightsideoftheblank:4.2.5reproductiveparamecium.ThiscanbebeneficialtoParamecium,stimulation,noxiousstimuli.UsuallydistributedinthemediumofParamecium,Parameciumreacttostimulationoftheexperiment,addafewsilkcottonfiberorasmallamountofeggto.4.2.6singlecelledorganismsaremadeupofcellsonly,sosinglecelledorganismsarelivingthings.4.2.7takeoneortwopiecesofcleanslide,arelabeledaandB,andtheninthemediumateachofitsendswithadropofParameciumanddissectingneedletwodropsofliquidculturecommunication.(1)whathappenswhenyouputagrainofsaltinadropofcultureliquidontheleftsideofaslide?(2)addalittlebrownsugartothedropoftheglassontherightsideoftheslide.Whatelsedoyousee?(3)whatproblemshavebeenexplainedby(1)and(2)twoexperiments?Thefifthchapter,thelifeofgreenplantsThecompositionof5.1.1embryosis,,,,and,and.Whenweeatsoybean,Themainfoodis________,ediblewheat,themainfoodis.5.1.2seedgerminationconditions:(1)externalconditions:(2)selfcondition:embryoisandis.Theprocessof5.1.3forseedgermination,radicle,embryodevelopmentandhypocotyl,or______providesomenutrientsnecessaryfordevelopment.soybeanSeedcornseedThesamepointsarethereTheleavesofdifferentleavesarestoredinnutrientleavesNutrientsubstance5.1.4fillintheformbelow:5.2.1therootofplantbodyhassuchfunctionsas,,,andsoon,andhassexual,sexualandsexualcharacteristics.5.2.2Thegrowthof5.2.3rootsismainlytheresultofharmony.Itisthemainpartoftheroottoabsorbwaterandinorganicsalts.Themainorganof5.3.1terrestrialwaterplantis________,__________weremainlyintheroottoabsorbwater.Thewaterabsorptioncapacityisthebiggest.5.3.2whentheconcentrationofcellconcentrationinsoilsolution______roothair,hairwater,vacuole;whentheconcentrationofcellconcentrationinsoilsolution______roothair,hairloss,vacuole,whichiswhytoplanttoomuchfertilizerwillappear__________phenomenon.Notonlyneedtheinorganicsaltscontaining5.3.3____containingplantgrowth,alsoneedtocontain_____,inorganicsalt.Nitrogenfertilizercanpromotecellgrowthandmakeitgrowluxuriantly;phosphatefertilizercanpromotegrowthanddevelopment,Openandmature;potassiumfertilizerpromotesformationandtransportationandmakesitrobust.5.4.1isanundevelopedbranchorflower.Branchesandshootsdevelopinthefutureandflowerbudswilldevelopinthefuture.Thestems,functions,andfunctionsof5.4.2plants.5.4.3fillinthefollowing:5.4.4thestemsofwoodyplantsarehard,mainlybecauseoftheirstrongsupport.Themaindifferencebetweenherbaceousplantsandwoodyplants,woodyplantshave________between_____and_______,itcankeepthecelldivisiontogeneratenew_______and_______,thecontinuouslongthickstems.5.5.1floweringreferstothephenomenonofunfolding.Effectoffloweringthemajorabioticfactoristhebasicstructureofthefloweriscomposedof________,________,_________,__________etc..Inthestructureoftheflower,_________and_________isthemainpartofaflower,becausetheyarerelatedtotheformationof________and________.5.5.25.5.3riddle"Mahouse,redcurtains,livedinsidewhitefat"theansweris________.Mimianin"Mahouse"refersto_________,"redmosquitonet"refersto_________,"whitefat"refersto_________.5.5.4intheformingprocess,theovarywallgraduallydevelopedinto_______,_______byseedsintheformation,theovarydevelopmentis_______.Thefruitismainlycomposedof_________and_________.Thesixthchapterisaboutthephotosynthesisandrespirationofgreenplants6.1.1photosynthesisreferstotheprocessbywhichgreenplantsutilize,turnandstoreenergyandreleaseit.6.1.2van.TheconclusionoftheHaierMonteCarloexperimentisthat.Theexperimentalconclusionispriestley.Onlyundercertainconditionscangreenplantscarryoutphotosynthesis.6.2.1isthemajororganofphotosynthesis,Thesiteofphotosynthesisis.6.2.2writesthenamesofthestructuresinthediagram:1.Alayerof_________outerepidermalcellsofleafblade,itcanprotect____________,andprevent_________________;_________isthegasgatewayofbladeandtheexternalenvironment,iscomposedofpaired_________cells.Themesophyll.Partsoftheleavesreferstofigure_________,therearemanysmallparticles,called_________cells,whichcontainchloroplastsisthemost______________.Theleafhas_________________.Transportingfunction,butalsoplaysa_______function.6.2.3leavescontainchloroplastsincellsandcells,andchloroplastsarethemajorcauseofleafgreen.Chlorophyllcanprovideenergyforphotosynthesisandtheformationofchlorophyll.6.3.1,intheexperimentof"greenleavesmakestarchunderlight",onestepistotreatthegeraniumdark,withtheaimof___________;onestepisthebladewasusedinbleaching,bleaching,thereasonisThereasonforthewaterbathheatingisthatafterbleaching,thealcoholturnsintocolorandtheleavesturnintocolor.Theproductsofphotosynthesisof6.3.2greenplantsaremainlycarbohydrates,andtheoxygenintheearth'satmospheremainlycomesfromthegreenplants.6.3.3inthe"greenproduceoxygen"inthelightoftheexperiment,willseetherelease,thetubesurfacewillbringMarsbarsareinsertedinthetesttubetoburnup,indicatingthephotosynthesisofplantsproduced.6.3.4iftheleavescomparedtothe"greenfactory",sotheplantphotosynthesispoweris_______________,rawmaterialis____________,productis____________,plantis_________,themachineis_____________.6.4.1istheessenceofphotosynthesisandinorganictransformation,changeisstoredintheenergy;respirationistheessenceofplantabsorption_______,_______decomposition,______andproduceandrelease.6.4.2inthemorning,eveningandnightinthesameplantwerepickingthreeleavesandmarkeda,B,C,andthesamesizeinthreeleaveswithpunchdiscafterdecolorizationwithiodinesolution,theresultis_____shallowblue,deepisthedeepest_____.Is_____.Whatisthemeaningof6.4.3respiration?.6.4.4experimentswith"carbondioxideproducedbyplantrespiration,"thereasonfortheuseofblackplasticbagsofvegetables.6.4.5expressionofphotosynthesis:.Respirationexpression:.6.4.6fillintheformbelow:Comparativecontent,photosynthesis,respirationThedistinctionisconditionalonabilitytocarryon(BaiTian)andirrelevant(BaiTian,evening)ThesitecanonlybecarriedoutincellscontainingitRawmaterial,,Product,,Theactofinhaling,releasing,inhaling,orreleasingAsaresult,make,store,decompose,releaseWithoutproductionofphotosynthesisandorganicmatter,andmaynotrespiration(becausenomaterial),norespirationreleasesenergy,photosynthesisisnotpossible(becauseyoucannotabsorbmaterialsandtransportproducts),sothetwo.Thefactorsthataffecttheefficiencyofphotosynthesisinclude,,,and(6.5.1),thefactorsthataffecttheintensityofrespiration.6.5.2properilluminationtime,temperature,concentrationofcarbondioxide,canimprovetheefficiencyofphotosynthesis,increasetheaccumulationoforganicmatter;waterenvironmenttemperature,properoxygensupplyandplantcells,canweakentheroleofagriculturalcrops,organicmatterconsumption,theorganicplantsaccumulatedincrease.6.5.3isknownascarbondioxide,aprocessknownascarbondioxide,forcropsgrowninfieldsandgreenhouses"".6.5.4canmakerationalcloseplantingthecropleavesfullutilization,improvetheefficiencyofphotosynthesis;timelydrainage,Rippercanpromotecroproot;seedstorage,fruitandvegetables,increasetheconcentrationofcarbondioxidecanberespiration.Theseventhchapterisabouttheroleofgreenplantsinthebiosphere7.1.1humanandanimalfoodcomesfrom...Herbivoresfeedonplants;carnivorousanimalsfeedonplants;omnivorousan