2025届人教版(2019)高考英语一轮话题复习高考题型通关练课件：话题35　安全常识与自我保护

话题35安全常识与自我保护主题群二自然与灾害Ⅰ.阅读理解MercyBaggsisreflectingonherfuture.“ShouldIliveto95，Iwoulddoanotherparachutejump，”shesays.Shefirstjumpedwhenshewas77inhonorofherachievementsasmayoroftheWiltshiretownofCalne.ThenshejumpedagainlastMarch，adaybeforeher90thbirthday，toraisefundsforWiltshireairambulance.“Thisisthethrillofit，”shesays.“Yougoup，andthenthatdooropensandthewindstartstocomethrough.Youexperiencefree－fallforalongtime.”Shehasalwaysenjoyedriskssinceshewasachild，whenpeopleusedtolookdownonher.Butnobodydoesnow.Asachild，shelivedinpovertyandalsowentthroughupsanddowns.“Iamverysensitivetopeoplewhoaremoreunfortunate，”Baggssays.Asayoungadult，shejoinedtheBritishTransportCommissionpolice，butdealingwithchildrenwhocouldn’tfindtheirparentswastoomuchtobear.“Iknewwhattheyweregoingthrough.Ilikekids.Ireallydo.”LatersheleftthepoliceandworkedinWiltshirecouncil.Butnodoubtherchildhoodfedintoheractionsasacouncillor，andlatermayorinCalne，whereshehelpedtosetupadrop－incentreforyoungpeople.Thedrop－incenterwasoneofthecausessheraisedmoneyforwiththatfirstleapoutoftheplane.Butwhyaparachutejump？Atthetime，herlatehusband，John，wasillwithbowelcancer.Hesaid，“Idowishyouwouldn’tdoit.”Shesaid，“John，it’slife.I’vegottodosomething.”Baggshasneverbeenfazedbyageing.Shesaysthatshewantedtoshowthatyoudon’thavetositonyourbacksideknittingorwatchingtelevisionallthetime.There’saworldoutthere.There’salifeoutthere.Shehopesforatleastonemoreskydive，maybeagoona100mphzipwireand“apeacefulend”.【语篇解读】

本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了MercyBaggs不畏高龄，不断挑战高空跳伞的故事。1.WhydidMercyBaggsmakeherfirstparachutejump?A.Tocelebrateher90thbirthday.B.Tomakeotherslookuptoher.C.Toraisefundsforanairambulance.D.Tomarkhertermofofficeasmayor.解析

细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Shefirstjumpedwhenshewas77inhonorofherachievementsasmayoroftheWiltshiretownofCalne.”可知，MercyBaggs第一次跳伞是为了纪念她担任镇长的任期。√2.Whatimpactdidherchildhoodexperiencesmakeonhercareer?A.Shedidparachutejumpsasapart－timejob.B.Sheshowedgreatconcernforunluckychildren.C.Shefounditverytoughtoworkwithyoungpeople.D.Sheleftthedrop－incentreandpreparedarunformayor.解析

细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Iamverysensitivetopeoplewhoaremoreunfortunate”可知，她的童年经历对她的职业生涯的影响是她非常关心不幸的孩子。√3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fazed”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Disturbed. B.Abandoned.C.Witnessed. D.Embarrassed.解析

词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段以及最后一段中的“Shehopesforatleastonemoreskydive，maybeagoona100mphzipwire”可知，她的丈夫不建议她继续跳伞，但是Baggs的跳伞计划并没有因年纪大受到影响。因此最后一段中带下画线的单词“fazed”的意思是“使困窘，使惊慌失措”，即：Baggs从未因年纪大而惊慌失措。√4.WhatdoesBaggsintendtoconveywithonemorejump?A.Itisnevertoooldtolearn.B.Enjoylifewithherfamily.C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.D.Bebravetofacechallengesinlife.解析

推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Shesaysthatshewantedtoshow...There’saworldoutthere.There’salifeoutthere.”可知，Baggs想再跳一次伞想要传达的是要勇于面对生活中的挑战。√Elizabethwouldn’twalkortalkasaninfant.Angela’sleftlegwassoenlargedthatithurttostand.Emmaneededabreathingmachinejusttosleep.Theirsufferingmaytakedifferentforms，buttheirstoriesshareacommonthread：Neithertheynortheirfamiliesknewwhatwasactuallycausingtheseissues.ThosecasesarepreciselywheretheUndiagnosedDiseasesNetwork(UDN)stepsin.Establishedin2008，theUDN’smissionistoprovideanswersforpatientswithdiseasesthatdoctorsareunabletodiagnose.AnyonecanapplytotheprogramandtheUDNworkshardtoscreeneveryapplicationitreceives.Today，theUDNcovers12clinicalsitesaroundthecountry，andhasevaluatedover1，400patients.Morethan400ofthosepatientshavereceivedadiagnosisthankstotheUDN.Insomeofthesecases，thenetworkisabletomatchapatientwithanalreadyknowncondition.Inothers，UDNresearchersmustworktodescribeanentirelynewdiseaseandenteritintothemedicaldictionary.Theprogramhasaddedatleast25entirelynewdiseasesinthisway.Additionally，theUDNcoversthecostofthetests，meaningpatientsaren’tburdenedwithcrushingmedicaldebt.“Ithinkthey’vereallyadvancedandchangedthewholemodelforhowweapproachmanyoftheseillnesses，”saysAnnePariser，directoroftheOfficeofRareDiseasesResearch.ShesaystheUDN’smultidisciplinaryapproach—bringingdifferentspecialiststogethertotalkaboutchallengingcases—hashelpedadvancethefieldofrarediseaseresearch，especiallywhenitcomestogeneticdiseases.Livingwithadiseasewithoutanamecanbeitsownkindofsuffering.“Yougrowupfeelinglike，I’minthis，crazy，allbymyself，andnoonereallyunderstandsme，”saysAngelaMoon，aUDNparticipant.Forpatientslikeher，theUDNoffershopefortreatment，butalsoforfinallybeingseen.【语篇解读】

本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了未诊断疾病网络(UDN)的成立背景和它取得的进展。5.Thepurposeofthefirstparagraphisto

.A.arousethereaders’interestintheUDNB.giveavividdescriptionofrarediseasesC.introducethebackgroundfortheUDN’sfoundingD.raiseacomplicatedproblemthatwillbesolvedlater解析

写作意图题。根据第一段和第二段中的“ThosecasesarepreciselywheretheUndiagnosedDiseasesNetwork(UDN)stepsin.”可知，文章第一段主要介绍了一些医生未能诊断病因的病例，而UDN的成立，正是为了确诊这些未能诊断病因的病例，由此可推断出，第一段的目的是介绍UDN成立的背景。√6.Thethirdparagraphmainlytalksabout

.A.thewaytheUDNisoperatednationwideB.theprogresstheUDNhasmadesofarC.thereasonswhytheUDNissopopularD.thedevelopmentstagestheUDNhasgonethrough解析

段落大意题。根据第三段中的“Today，theUDNcovers12clinicalsites...havereceivedadiagnosisthankstotheUDN.”和“Theprogramhasaddedatleast25entirelynewdiseasesinthisway.”可知，文章第三段主要介绍了到目前为止UDN所取得的进展，它评估了1400多名患者，其中400多名患者得到了诊断，帮助医学领域确诊了25种全新的疾病，由此可知，第三段主要讲的是UDN迄今为止取得的进展。√7.WhatcanbelearnedaboutAngelaMoon?A.Sheusedtoliveindespair.B.Shefailedtoidentifywithothers.C.Sheisreceivingtreatmentnow.D.Therewillbeacureforhercondition.解析

推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，对安吉拉·穆恩来说，因为疾病，她过去生活在绝望之中，没有人真正理解她，全靠她自己面对疾病，由此可推断出，关于安吉拉·穆恩，我们可以了解到她过去生活在绝望中。√8.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheUDN’sworkmodel?A.Ithashelpedspreadtheknowledgeofundiagnoseddiseases.B.Itprioritizesparticipants’privacyoversolvingmedicalmysteries.C.Itisspecificallydesignedtodealwithchallenginggeneticdiseases.D.Itemphasizesclosecooperationbetweenspecialistsinseparatefields.解析

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“ShesaystheUDN’smultidisciplinaryapproach...especiallywhenitcomestogeneticdiseases.”可知，UDN的工作模式是多学科方法,它将不同领域的专家聚集在一起讨论具有挑战性的病例，由此可知，UDN的工作模式强调不同领域的专家之间的密切合作。√(2024·河北省张家口市高三一模)Mostpeoplewilldoanythingforfamily，butnotmanyareofferedaconcreteopportunitytosaveafamilymember’slife.JoseRamirez’sfamilyhadthatopportunity，andthey1it.Twoyearsago，Josewasdiscoveredtobe2fromkidney(肾脏)failure.WhenJosetalkedtohis3aboutit，hisyoungersister，19－year－oldKelsey，saidshewoulddonateakidneytohim—evenbeforeknowingwhetherakidneytransplant(移植)wasa(n)4.Ⅱ.完形填空5，JoseandhisfamilydiscoveredtheMayoClinicKidneyTransplantProgram.ForJose，theprogramwasespeciallyhelpfulinexplainingand6hisparentsofthebenefitsofliving－donorkidneytransplants.“Forthem，it’stwooftheirkids，”Josesays.“Myparentsweremore7thananyofus，soitwasreally8forthemtogototheprogram’scourses.”Throughouttheprocess，Kelseyremained9toherinitialwishtobecomeJose’skidneydonor.“Whenhewasqualifiedtobeatransplantrecipient，I10，”shesays.Afterseveralexaminationsandtests，Kelseygotherwish.Shewas11tobeJose’sdonor.Thetransplantwentsmoothly，andnowthetwohave12theirnormallives.Asforhissister’sgift，“Youcan’tjustsaythankyou，”Josesays.“Idon’tknowhowtoexplainit.She13asurgerythatshedidn’thavetogothrough.”Kelsey14thatthegreatestthanksshecouldreceiveareseeingthatherbrotherhas15.【语篇解读】

本文是记叙文。文章主要讲的是JoseRamirez的妹妹Kelsey给Jose捐肾的故事，展现了血浓于水的手足亲情。1.A.created B.took C.afforded D.lost

解析

根据下文“hisyoungersister，19－year－oldKelsey，saidshewoulddonateakidneytohim”可知，JoseRamirez的家人抓住了机会，taketheopportunity意为“抓住机会”。2.A.learning B.separating C.surviving D.suffering

解析根据下文“kidney(肾脏)failure”可知，Jose被发现患有肾衰竭，sufferfrom意为“患有”。√√3.A.doctor B.donor C.family D.nurse

解析

根据下文“hisyoungersister，19－year－oldKelsey，saidshewoulddonateakidneytohim”可知，此处表示“当Jose和他的家人谈起这件事”。4.A.option B.aim C.cause D.problem

解析

根据上文“beforeknowingwhetherakidneytransplant(移植)was”可知，句子表示“他19岁的妹妹Kelsey说她愿意给他捐一个肾——甚至在不知道是否可以进行肾脏移植之前”，空格处意为“可选择的事物”。√√5.A.Obviously B.Fortunately C.Suddenly D.Undoubtedly

解析

根据“Joseandhisfamilydiscovered...wasespeciallyhelpful”可知，Jose和他的家人发现了Mayo诊所的肾脏移植项目，这是幸运的。6.A.warning B.accusing C.reminding D.convincing

解析

根据“hisparentsofthebenefitsofliving－donorkidneytransplants”可知，句子表示“这个项目在向他的父母解释和说服活体肾脏移植的好处方面特别有帮助”。√√7.A.stressed B.excited C.amazed D.disappointed

解析

根据下文“thananyofus”可知，句子表示“我父母的压力比我们任何人都大”。8.A.unwise B.possible C.beneficial D.incredible

解析

根据上文“theprogramwasespeciallyhelpful...living－donorkidneytransplants”可知，句子表示“我父母的压力比我们任何人都大，所以参加这个项目的课程对他们来说真的很有好处”。√√9.A.committed B.honest C.used D.equal

解析

根据下文“Afterseveralexaminationsandtests，Kelseygotherwish”可知，在整个过程中，Kelsey一直坚持她最初的愿望，remaincommittedto意为“坚持”。10.A.turnedup B.signedup C.spedup D.gaveup

解析

根据下文“Afterseveralexaminationsandtests，Kelseygotherwish”可知，句子表示“当他有资格成为移植接受者时，我就报名了”。√√11.A.encouraged B.challenged C.expected D.approved

解析

根据下文“Thetransplantwentsmoothly”可知，她被批准成为Jose肾脏移植的捐赠者。12.A.dreamtof B.thoughtof C.returnedto D.adaptedto

解析

dreamof梦想；thinkof想起；returnto回到；重新开始做；adaptto适应。根据上文“Thetransplantwentsmoothly”可知，句子表示“移植手术进行得很顺利，现在两人已经恢复了正常的生活”。√√13.A.performed B.experienced C.required D.refused

解析

根据下文“asurgerythatshedidn’thavetogothrough”可知，句子表示“她经历了一个她本不必经历的手术”。14.A.insists B.predicts C.suspects D.determines

解析

insist坚决要求；坚持；predict预测；suspect怀疑。根据下文“thegreatestthanksshecouldreceiveareseeingthatherbrotherhas

”可知，句子表示“Kelsey坚持说，她能得到的最大的感谢就是看到她的哥哥康复了”。√√15.A.proceeded B.quitted C.responded D.recovered

解析

proceed继续做；quit停止；recover康复。根据上文“Thetransplantwentsmoothly，andnowthetwohave

theirnormallives”可知，句子表示“她能得到的最大的感谢就是看到她的哥哥康复了”。√(2024·山东省济宁市高三二模)Chineseacupuncture，alsoknownastheartof“magicneedles”，is1.

branchoftraditionalChinesemedicine.Ithasalonghistory2.

(date)backtotheStoneAge.Ithasbeenusedtotreatawide3.

(vary)ofhealthproblems，likeseverepains，sportsinjuries，depression，etc.TheWorldHealthOrganizationrecommendsit4.

agoodtreatmentforover100medicalproblems.Ⅲ.语法填空Howdoesitwork？Specialthinneedlesareplacedinthe5.

(target)pointsofyourbody.6.

(typical)，thenumberofpointsrangebetween1and12，dependingonyourbodysituations.Theneedlesarepushedjustundertheskin，thoughinsomecases，theyarepushedslightly7.

(deep)inordertoreachthemuscletissue.Thebeliefbehinditis8.

illnessandpainoccurbecauseofblockedenergy(orQi)inthebody.Acupunctureisusedtoreestablishtheflowofenergyandstimulatethebody’snaturalhealing(治愈)ability.9.

(human)aremosthappyandhealthywhenthisenergyis