2025届人教版(2019)高考英语一轮话题复习高考题型通关练：话题27　科技发展与信息技术创新（学生版）

话题27科技发展与信息技术创新

Ⅰ.阅读理解

Inthepast，videoconferencetechnologywasmainlyusedforjustafewelementsof

businessmeetingsorhangoutswithfriendsandfamily.Now，videoconferencetoolsare

essentialforourproductivity，learningandsocialinteraction.Weusethemnotonlyfor

fun，butmainlyasameaningfulpartofourwork.

However，oncewestarttojoinendlessvideocallsforafewhourseachday，we

becomeverytired.Thistermiscalled“zoomfatigue”，andit’srelatedtooverusing

virtualcommunicationplatforms.

Therearesomeadvantagesofusingvideoconferencingtools.Withoutthem，itmight

beimpossibleforustoworkfromhome.Butwhatwehaven’texpectedisapricethat

weneedtopayforthatsortofconvenience.

Whenwearehavingaface－to－faceconversationwithothers，everythingseems

prettynatural.Whilespeaking，youlookintotheeyes，sometimesslightlymovingyour

stareontosomethingelse.Youknowwhentostoptalkingandwhentospeakup.Evenif

you’reinaconferenceroomwith10people，youdon’thaveaterriblefeelingofbeing

observedallthetime.Younoticethatpeoplemostlylookatthepersonwhoisspeaking，

andthentheymovetheirattentionontosomeoneelse.Butwhenyouusea

teleconferencingtool，thingsaredifferent.Beingphysicallyoncameramakesyouvery

awareofbeingwatchedallthetime，becauseyoudon’tknowwhoislookingat

you.Youjustseemanyfacesonyourscreen.

MarissaShufflerfromClemsonUniversityoncesaid，“Whenyou’reonavideo

conference，youknoweverybody’slookingatyou；youareonstage，sotherecomesthe

socialpressure—afeelinglikeyouneedtoperform.Beingperformativeisstressful.”

Moreover，thereisanotherinterestingtendencyasfarasvideocallsare

concerned.Whoareyoulookingatmostofthetime？Theanswerisyourself.Formost

people，it’shardnottolookattheirownfaceiftheycanseeitonthescreen.Weare

likelytomakesurethatourheadisattherightangleandthatourshirtisn’tcreased.

1.Whatistheso－called“zoomfatigue”？

A.Thefastpaceofourmodernlife.

B.Boredomcausedbytoomanyvideocalls.

C.Thewidespreadofvideotechnology.

D.Burnoutassociatedwithoverusingonlineplatforms.

2.Whatcanvideocallsbringuswhencomparedwithface－to－faceconversations?

A.Highercost.

B.Morestress.

C.Morefreetime.

D.Betterperformance.

3.Whydowelookatourselvesmostofthetimeonthescreen?

A.Tobewell－behaved.

B.Togetsomecomfort.

C.Togrowself－confidence.

D.Toattractothers’attention.

4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thepopularityofvideocalls.

B.People’sattitudetowardsvideocalls.

C.Someunforeseeneffectsofvideocalls.

D.Changesinpeople’swayofcommunication.

Youimproveyourrobot’ssoftwarebyimprovingitssoftware.AgrimGuptaofStanford

University，however，begstodiffer.Hethinksyoucanalsoimprovearobot’ssoftware

byimprovingitshardware.Heandhiscolleagueshaveinventedawayoftestingthis

idea.

Theybroughttotheirrobots，unimals，theprinciplesofevolution(进化)bynatural

selection.Unimals，withglobesforheadsandsticksforarmsandlegs，aresoftware

beingsinteractingwithavirtualenvironment.Theenvironmentswheretheywandered

wereinthreevarieties：flatgrounds，groundswithhillsandsteps，andonesthathadthe

complexitiesofthesecondsort，butwithaddedobjects.

Tobeginwith，theunimalswererandomlyassignedvariousshapes，butwithidentical

software—derl.Newlycreatedunimalslearnedtofacethechallengesinavirtual

bootcamp.Theywerethenenteredintotournamentsingroups.Eachgroupwinnerwas

awardedonemutation(变异)—oneextraarmorleg，oroneextraturninginajoint.The

newreplacedtheoldestunimalandthenwasassignedtoanewgroup，andtheprocess

repeated.About4，000varietiesofthemunderwenttraining.

Theteamweresurprisedbythediversityofshapesthatevolved.Crucially，though，the

researchersfoundthemostsuccessfulunimalslearnedtasksinhalfthetimetheir

oldestancestorshadtaken，andthatthoseevolvinginthetoughestgroundswerethe

mostsuccessful.

Inthisevolutionofunimals’morphology(形态)topromotetheabilitytolearn，Dr

GuptaseesaversionofsomethingcalledtheBaldwineffect.In1896JamesBaldwin，a

psychologist，arguedthatmindsevolvetomakethebestuseofthemorphologiesofthe

bodies.WhatDrGuptahasshown，thoughinsoftware，isthattheoppositecanalsobe

true—changesinbodymorphologycanimprovethewaymindswork.Eventhoughhe

heldthesoftwareconstant，itbecamemoreefficientatlearningastheunimals’bodies

evolved.

Whetherthatdiscoverycanbeturnedtoaccountinthewayrobotsaredeveloped

remainstobeseen.Butthewayoftestingiscertainlyanout－of－the－boxidea.

5.Howwasthetestconducted?

A.Bypromotingunimals’learning.

B.Byadjustingtheenvironments.

C.Byprovingtheevolutiontheory.

D.Bystimulatingunimals’mutation.

6.Whatturnedouttobesurprisinginthetest?

A.Thenumberoftrainedunimals.

B.Thedeclineintimeforlearningtasks.

C.Thevarietyofevolvedshapes.

D.Thereplacementofoldunimals.

7.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetest?

A.Mindevolutionaffectsbodyshaping.

B.Bodychangesbettermindwork.

C.Hardwarechangesdonotimpactsoftware.

D.Thediscoveryisusefulinrobotdevelopment.

8.What’stheauthor’sattitudetothefinding?

A.Negative.B.Objective.

C.Indifferent.D.Approving.

Ⅱ.完形填空

Hello，Mr.Wi－Fi.Lifewithoutyouisnexttoimpossible.We’rehappytosingyour

namefrommorningtillevening，sometimestilldawn.__1__Iknowyouhelpme，

sometimesyou’remakingmedothingswith__2__attention.ManytimesIpromise

myselfthatI’ll__3__myfeelingstowardsyou，butyou’re__4__mecloserand

closer...You’veenteredbothmyhomeandmyworkplace.You’rejustawindowforour

__5__andinformation.Butwepeoplearen’t__6__onlywiththewindow.Sowe

openallourdoorsforyou.Isthisa(n)__7__orsomekindofattachment？Ifthisisan

illness，isitcurable？Andifthisisanattachment，willyou__8__methelifelong

togetherness?

Wewantyoualldays.Can’tyoutakeafewdaysoffsothatbothyouandIcan__9__？

You’reapoison—notaslowonebutasuper－fastpoisonwhichholdsourmindand

makesusdance__10__yourtune.Nowadaysyou’reso__11__thatanyonecanbuy

andmakeyoubecomeourcompanion.You’llneverbebotheredaboutourhealthbut

we’ll__12__beconcernedaboutyour“health”.Becauseyouaccompanyus

everywhereandneverletusbealone.

Ifyouwerea__13__personmadeoffleshandblood，wouldweloveyouthesame？

Youcontroluswithyournumeroustalentsandweevencan’tgetridofyou.Weallare

your__14__.SometimesIwonderhowpeopleinthepreviousgenerations__15__，but

iftheydid，whycan’twe?

1.A.NowthatB.Onlyif

C.ThoughD.When

2.A.praisedB.increased

C.focusedD.divided

3.A.keeponB.bringback

C.approveD.giveup

4.A.drawingB.pushing

C.forcingD.observing

5.A.entertainmentB.argument

C.expansionD.struggle

6.A.strictB.satisfied

C.generousD.busy

7.A.diseaseB.inspiration

C.routineD.situation

8.A.recommendB.instruct

C.promiseD.adapt

9.A.persistB.relax

C.progressD.balance

10.A.toB.against

C.fromD.within

11.A.affordableB.valuable

C.conventionalD.attractive

12.A.sometimesB.always

C.neverD.seldom

13.A.selfishB.dishonest

C.responsibleD.real

14.A.friendsB.slaves

C.colleaguesD.employers

15.A.sufferedB.connected

C.survivedD.surfed

Ⅲ.语法填空

(2024·江西省南昌市高三一模)

Asmalldevice，Moxie，hasproducedoxygenonthesurfaceofMars，

1.____________(bring)thechancesofsurvivingontheredplanetastep

closer.Researchpublishedin2.____________journalScienceAdvancesreportedthat

Moxieproducedbreathableoxygeninseven－hour－longtestsconductedinvarious

weatherandatmospheric(大气的)conditionslastyear.Theresearchalsofoundthat

eveninextreme3.____