创新大学英语综合教程U3课件

UnitThreeInternationalConferenceInnovationEnglishIntegratedCourseBook4Lead-inAfter-readingTextAFromWords&SentencestotheTextFromStructuretotheTextAdditionalMaterialscontent01020304TextA3TeachingSessionsTextB1.5TeachingSessionsListening&Speaking1.5TeachingSessionsExercises2TeachingSessionsSuggestedTeachingSteps01Lead-inLead-inDirections:Pleasewatchthevideoclipandanswerthequestions.1.Whatsituationdoestheclipdepict?2.Usethetablebelowtotickwhatyouseeintheclip.

Openingceremony

Registration

Discussion

seminar

Presentation

QuestionandAnswerSession

KeynoteSpeech

ClosingCeremonyTheclipdepictsaconferencesituation.√√√√√√02TextATextAIntensiveReadingFromWords&SentencestotheTextFromStructuretotheTextTextAWhoWonandLostattheBaliClimateChangeConference?InnearlyadecadesincetheU.S.rejectedthelandmarkclimatechangeagreementknownastheKyotoProtocol,theU.S.hasbecomeaccustomedtobeingattackedatU.N.environmentalgatherings.Butthepoundingittookinthetorturedall-nightnegotiationsduringtheU.N.climatechangeconferenceinBaliwasunprecedented.NotonlydiddevelopingnationsbigandsmallfromIndiatoPapuaNewGuineaopenlycriticizetheU.S.foritslast-minuterefusaltosupportthenewagreemententitledtheBaliRoadmap,but—withtheexceptionofaconfusedstatementfromJapan—notoneofthealliesthathadgenerallystoodwiththeU.S.inthepasttwoweeks—Australia,Russia,Canada—roseinitsdefense.TextAIntheend,theU.S.’stotalisolationwastoomuchforevenittobear.“We’velistenedverycloselytomanyofourcolleagueshereduringthesetwoweeks,butespeciallytowhathasbeensaidinthishalltoday,”saidleadAmericannegotiator.“Wewillgoforwardandjointheconsensus.”Boosturnedtocheers,andthedealwasessentiallysealed.Here’sabreakdownofwhatitmeans,whowonandwholost.TextATheroadmapisessentiallythebeginningofabeginning.Thenegotiationstocomehaveaspecificenddate—2009—andforthefirsttime,dismantleswhattheUnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChangeexecutivesecretarycalled“theBerlinWallofclimatechange”,theideathatonlytherichnationsneedtotakeresponsibilityforfightingglobalwarming.Bothdevelopedcountriesanddevelopingcountrieshavesigneduptotheclimatechangefight.TextAThetwosidesstillhavedifferentresponsibilities,withdevelopednationsreadytotakeonmorequantifiableemissionscuts,anddevelopingnationspreparingtotakeonlessspecificnationalactions,butnocountryisleftbehind.Thatmattersbecausethemajorityoffuturecarbonemissionswillcomefromthedevelopingworld,andnoclimatedealcanworkwithouttheparticipationofthedevelopingnations.“ThedevelopingnationsofthesouthareonthesameroadastheNorth,”saysthedirectorfortheclimateandairprogramforEnvironmentalDefense.“They’reusingthesameroadmap.”TextATheBaliRoadmapcontainsnospecificcommitmentsorfiguresontheemissionsreductionsthatdevelopedcountrieswillneedtotake,beyondlanguagethat“deepcuts”willbeneeded.Earlierintheweek,theEU(EuropeanUnion)foughthardtoincludeaspecifictargetof25to40%cutsfordevelopednationsby2020,andaneedtohalveglobalemissions—twofigurescitedbytheU.N.’sIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange’s(IPCC)latestassessmentofglobalwarmingscienceTextANeithermadeitintothefinaltext,thankslargelytodeterminedoppositionfromtheU.S.,althoughafootnotepointstotheIPCCreport.Forenvironmentalistswhohadhopedthattherecentavalancheofdataunderscoringtherisingcrisisofclimatechangemightprompttougheraction,Baliwasadisappointment.“Itwasaratherweakdeal,”saidtheChairofFriendsoftheEarthInternational.“It’scompromised.”TextAButtheclearbigwinnersareChinaandIndia,whichhavefullyarrivedasmajorplayersoninternationalclimateaction.WhileIndiabeganthenegotiationsseeminglydisengaged,thecountryelevateditsgameinthefinalday,andshowedthatitwaswillingtogobeyonditsownnarrownationalinterests.Thatwasthecaseforthedevelopingworldasawhole,whichstooduptotheU.S.withoutruiningthepossibilityofafuturedeal.“Thedevelopingcountriesallowedthisdiscussiontobegininawholenewway,”saysthepolicydirectorfortheNaturalResourceDefenseCouncil’sclimatecenter.TextAItshouldbedifficultforacountrytomakethefinalconcessionthatallowsalandmarkdealtofallintoplace,andstillappearselfishandstubborn—buttheU.S.somehowmanagedtodothat.YearsofblockingclimateactionateveryturnmeanttheBushAdministrationcameintotheBalitalkswithlittlepubliccredibility,andwhiletherewasasensebeforethetalksthattheU.S.mightshowflexibility,thathopewasquicklydispelled.“TheU.S.neededtocomeinhereandbuildupitscredibility,”saysthePresidentoftheUnionofConcernedscientists.“Instead,theyjustpolishedtheirDarthVaderimage.”TextATheroadmapoutlinesthenextstepsfornegotiation.andcallsforadeadlineof2009—intimetohaveaformalsuccessortotheKyotoProtocol.ButastortuousasBaliwas,thenextroundwillhavetotacklethespecificactionstobetakenbydevelopedanddevelopingnationsalike.Butatleastweallseemtobeheadedinthesamedirection,ifnotatthesamespeed.“Thisisnotanissuebetweenthedevelopedworldandthedevelopingworld,”saidtheIndia’sMinisterofStatefortheEnvironmentandForests.“Thisisaglobalissue.Thechallengesarehuge.Thetaskishuge.”WordStudyFromwordtotextWORDSTUDY

Landmarkn.

(1)

oneofthemostimportantevents,changes,ordiscoveriesthatinfluencessb.orsth.划时代的事，里程碑e.g.Thediscoveryofpenicillinwasalandmarkinthehistoryofmedicine.(2)aconspicuous,clearlyvisible,objectinanarea地标，陆标e.g.Thepaviliononthehilltopwasawellknownlandmark.accustom

vt.(~oneself/sb./sth.tosth.)tomakeyourselforanotherpersonbecomeusedtoasituationorplace使习惯于e.g.Hequicklyaccustomedhimselftothisnewwayoflife.

Wehavetoaccustomourselvestothehotweatherhere.be/become/getaccustomedto:tobefamiliarwithsth.andacceptitasnormal习惯于e.g.I’mnotaccustomedtogettingupsoearly.

Hehasbeenaccustomedtohardwork.

torturevt.tocause(sb.)greatphysicalormentalsuffering折磨，拷打e.g.Shewastorturedbyguilt.

Rachelsataloneforhoursathome,torturedbyjealousy.n.(1)

severephysicalormentalsuffering折磨，煎熬e.g.Thewaitingmustbetortureforyou.(2)anactofdeliberatelyhurtingsb.inordertoforcethemtotellyousth.,topunishthem,ortobecruel拷打e.g.Hegaveinwhenhewasthreatenedwithtorture.tortured

adj.experiencingintensepain,especiallymentalpain受尽折磨的e.g.OnlywhenIlookedoncemoreuponthattorturedfacecouldImakemydecision.unprecedentedadj.

neverhavinghappenedbefore,orneverhavinghappenedtosuchanextent前所未有的，空前的e.g.Hisstatementmadeanunprecedentedsplash.

China’sindustryisdevelopingatanunprecedentedrate.isolation

n.theactofseparatingsb./sth.;thestateofbeingseparate孤立，隔离e.g.Becauseofitsgeographicalisolation,theareadevelopeditsownuniqueculture.

Retirementcanoftencausefeelingsofisolation.

consensusn.anopinion,statement,etc.,thateveryoneinagroupagreeswithoraccepts意见一致，共识e.g.Thetwopartieshavereachedaconsensus.

Thereisabroadconsensusofopinioninthecountryonthisissue.breakdownn.(1)analysis分析，剖析e.g.Theaccountantgaveabreakdownoftheexpenses.(2)anoccasionwhenacarorapieceofmachinerybreaksandstopsworking故障e.g.Ourcarhadabreakdownonthemotorway.

Thetruckhadabreakdownandwastowedtothegarage.opposition

n.(~tosb./sth.)strongdisagreement反对e.g.There’snotmuchoppositiontothescheme.

Herproposalmetwithstrongopposition.opposev.反对(抗)，抵制e.g.Opposeextravaganteatinganddrinkingandpayattentiontothriftandeconomy.

promptv.(1)(~sb.todosth.)tomakepeoplesayordosth.asareaction促进，推动e.g.Whatpromptedhimtobesogenerous?

Hisevasivereplypromptedmetoaskanotherquestion.(2)toinspireorcause(afeelingoranaction)

激起(感情)，唤起(行动)e.g.Whatpromptedthatremark?

Herquestionwaspromptedbyworriesaboutherfuture.adj.(1)

donequickly,immediately,orattherighttime及时的，迅速的e.g.Promptrepliesaregreatlyappreciated.(2)(~indoingsth./todosth.)(ofaperson)quicktotakeaction敏捷的，动作迅速的e.g.Shewasverypromptinansweringmyletter.

compromisev.

toreachanagreementinwhicheveryoneinvolvedacceptslessthatwhattheywantedatfirst作出妥协，折中解决e.g.Sheadmittedthatshewasunabletocompromise.

IwantedtogotoGreece,butmywifewantedtogotoSpain,sowecompromisedonItaly.Hisworkmatesdemandedthathenevercompromisewiththebosses.n.anagreementthatisachievedaftereveryoneinvolvedacceptslessthanwhattheywantedatfirst,ortheactofmakingthisagreement妥协，折衷e.g.Afterseveralhoursofdiscussions,theymanagedtoreachacompromise.

Everyonehastobepreparedtomakecompromises.ruinv.

tospoilordestroysth.completely毁坏(灭)e.g.Hiscarelessnessruinedhisprospects.

Thecontinuationofthisdroughtwillruintheharvest.n.severedamageordestruction毁坏(灭)，灭亡e.g.Thenewsmeanttheruinofallourhopes.inruins严重受损，破败不堪e.g.Anearthquakeleftthewholetowninruins.concessionn.

sth.thatyouallowsb.tohaveinordertoendanargumentoradisagreement让步e.g.Employersmadeconcessionstotheworkersinthenegotiations.

Asaconcessiontoherinexperiencetheyallowedhertohavesomehelp.concedev.

toadmitthatsth.istrueorcorrect,althoughyouwishitwerenottrue承认e.g.IconcededthatIhadmadeanumberoferrors.

Iwasforcedtoconcedethatshemightberight.blockvt.(1)tostopsth.happening,developing,orsucceeding阻碍(止)e.g.Theirapplicationtojointheclubwasblocked.(2)topreventanythingmovingthroughaspacebybeingorplacingsth.acrossitorinit阻塞(挡)e.g.HeavysnowisblockingallroadsintoScotland.n.(1)

sth.thatpreventsmovementorprogress妨碍物，阻(障)碍e.g.Hisstubbornattitudeisablocktoournegotiation.(2)(AmE)thebuildings/areasurroundedbyfourcitystreets:thisusedasaunitoflengthalongoneofthestreets街区e.g.Helivesthreeblocksawayfromhere.tacklevt.

totrytodealwithadifficultproblem处理，解决e.g.Canyousuggesthowwemighttackletheproblem?

Isuggestedtohimthatweshouldtackletheproblemanotherway.SentenceStudyFromsentencetotextSENTENCESTUDY

1.InnearlyadecadesincetheU.S.rejectedthelandmarkclimatechangeagreementknownastheKyotoProtocol,theU.S.hasbecomeaccustomedtobeingattackedatU.N.environmentalgatherings:IthasbeenalmosttenyearssincetheU.S.refusedtoaccepttheKyotoProtocol,averyimportantagreementonclimatechange.Eversincethen,theU.S.hasbecomeusedtobeingcriticizedatU.N.environmentalmeetings.【译文】自美国拒绝签署划时代的气候变化协议——《京都议定书》近l0年来，美国在联合国环境问题的历次会议上一直广受抨击。2.ButthepoundingittookinthetorturedallnightnegotiationsduringtheUNclimatechangeconferenceinBaliwasunprecedented:NeverbeforehadtheU.S.receivedsuchcriticismasitdidduringthedifficulttalksduringtheBaliconference.【译文】在此次巴厘岛联合国气候变化大会的连夜磋商中，美国受到的批评更是空前。本句的主干是“Butthepoundingwasunprecedented”，句中包含两个定语从句，分别修饰“thepounding”和“negotiations”。3.WiththeexceptionofaconfusedstatementfromJapan—notoneofthealliesthathadgenerallystoodwiththeU.S.inthepasttwoweeks—Australia,Russia,Canada—roseinitsdefense:Inthepasttwoweeks,noneofitsallies—Australia,Russia,Canada—supportedtheU.S.exceptJapan,whichgaveanambiguousstatement.

【译文】除日本的立场有些模棱两可外，连过去两周与美国立场相近的澳大利亚、俄罗斯和加拿大，也无一站出来支持美国。withtheexceptionof:except,but除……之外e.g.WiththeexceptionofJohn,everyonepassedtheexam.

Ienjoyedallhisnovelswiththeexceptionofhislastone.exceptionn.

例外e.g.Mostofthestudentsdidwell,thoughtherewereoneortwoexceptions.。4.Intheend,theU.S.’stotalisolationwastoomuchforevenittobear:Finally,eventheU.S.itselfcouldn’tstandthestateofbeingcompletelyisolated.【译文】最终，这彻底的孤立感令美国不堪承受。5.“Wewillgoforwardandjointheconsensus.”Boosturnedtocheers,andthedealwasessentiallysealed.Here’sabreakdownofwhatitmeans,whowonandwholost:“Wewillagreewithyou.”Everyonewaspleasedthatagreementwasnowafact.Herearethedetailsshowingwhatitmeansandthewinnersandlosers.【译文】“我们将往前走，融入这一共识。”顿时，会场内的嘘声变成了欢呼声，协议基本达成。但“路线图”究竟意味着什么？谁是赢家？谁是输家？6.Thenegotiationstocomehaveaspecificenddate—2009—andforthefirsttime,dismantleswhattheUnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChangeexecutivesecretarycalled“theBerlinwallofclimatechange”,theideathatonlytherichnationsneedtotakeresponsibilityforfightingglobalwarming:Thenewnegotiationswillhavetobeconcludedin2009,andforthefirsttimeitrejectstheideathatonlydevelopedcountriesareresponsibleforthebattleagainstglobalwarming,whichthesecretaryreferredtoastheBerlinwallofclimatechange.【译文】它规定2009年年底前完成随后的谈判。此外，它还首次拆除了《联合国气候变化框架公约》秘书处执行秘书所说的“气候变化的柏林墙”，即不仅仅是发达国家负有应对全球变暖的责任。该句的结构比较复杂。“tocome”在句子中作定语，“Thenegotiationstocome”意思是“马上要进行的谈判”。“what”引导了一个宾语从句，在从句中作“call”的宾语。“idea”后面的“that”引导的是一个同位语从句。takeresponsibilityfortoagreetobeinchargeofsth.orsb.负起的……的责任e.g.WhodoyoutrusttotakeresponsibilityforBritain‘sdefense?

Itakeresponsibilityforlosingthemoney.此句中do指代“seduceyourselfwithyourgifts”7.Thetwosidesstillhavedifferentresponsibilities,withdevelopednationsreadytotakeonmorequantifiableemissionscuts,anddevelopingnationspreparingtotakeonlessspecificnationalactions,butnocountryisleftbehind:Thetwosideswilltakeondifferenttasks.Whilethedevelopedcountriesaretoreduceemissionsbyarequiredamount,thedevelopingcountriesalsoneedtocutemissionsthoughnodetailedrequirementsaremade.Thereisnoexceptionforanycountry.

【译文】双方仍肩负着不同责任：发达国家将负有更多的量化减排任务，而发展中国家虽无具体量化要求，但没有国家可以置身事外。该句有两个由“with”构成的独立主格结构作伴随状语，而这两个伴随结构分别有其逻辑主语“developednations”和“developingnations”。e.g.I’mreadingthenewspaper.withmydogsleepingnexttome.Heranuptotheman.withaswordinhishand.leavebehind(1)

toneglectorforgettotakealong遗漏(留)

e.g.IthinkImighthaveleftmywalletbehind.(2)tocauseasaresultofanaction留下

e.g.Thestormleftbehindatrailofdestruction.8.TheBaliRoadmapcontainsnospecificcommitmentsorfiguresontheemissionsreductionsthatdevelopedcountrieswillneedtotake,beyondlanguagethat“deepcuts”willbeneeded:Exceptforthewords“deepcuts”mentionedintheBaliRoadmap,therearenoconcretecommitmentsorfiguresregardingtheamountbywhichthedevelopedcountriesmustreduceemissions.

【译文】“巴厘岛路线图”中没有任何关于发达国家减排方面的具体承诺和数字，只提及需要“大量减排”。9.Neithermadeitintothefinaltext,thankslargelytodeterminedoppositionfromtheU.S.,althoughafootnotepointstotheIPCCreport:Neither(oftheproposedfigures)wasincludedinthefinalwrittenagreementbecausetheU.S.disagreedstrongly,buttherewasanoteinthetextpointingtotheIPCCreport.

【译文】但主要由于美国的坚决反对，“路线图”的最终文本中没有出现这些数字，只是以脚注形式提到了IPCC评估报告。thankstobecauseofsb.orsth.由于，多亏e.g.Thecompanyhashadasuccessfulyear.thankstotheimprovementinexportsales.

Thankstothedisease,Ihavetheopportunitytoimprovemycharacter.10.Forenvironmentalistswhohadhopedthattherecentavalancheofdataunderscoringtherisingcrisisofclimatechangemightprompttougheraction,Baliwasadisappointment.“Itwasaratherweakdeal,”thechairofFriendsoftheEarthInternational.“It’scompromised.”:Fortheenvironmentalistswhohadhopedthesubstantialamountofevidenceshowingincreasingclimatechangemighthaveresultedinstrongeraction,Baliwasdisappointing.“Theagreement,asaresultofconcessions,wasratherweak,”saidtheChairofFriendsoftheEarthInternational.

【译文】环保论者希望最近涌现的有关气候变化危机不断升级的大量证据促成更严厉的举措，巴厘岛会议却令他们失望。环保组织国际地球之友的主席说：“‘路线图’是一项毫无约束力的决议。它是折衷的产物。”“underscoringtherisingcrisisofclimatechange”为现在分词短语，作“avalancheofdata”的定语。11.WhileIndiabeganthenegotiationsseeminglydisengaged,thecountryelevateditsgameinthefinalday,andshowedthatitwaswillingtogobeyonditsownnarrownationalinterests:India,apparentlynotconcernedatthestart,becameinvolvedintheend,showingitwoulddomorethanfollowitsownlimitedconcerns.

【译文】尽管谈判伊始，印度表现得有些事不关已，但在大会最后一天，它展示了愿意超越狭隘的本国利益的高姿态。“while”

means

“whereas”

or

“although”

here.e.g.Whileneverabigeater,hedidsnackalot.

Whiletherewasnoconclusiveevidence,mostpeoplethoughthewasguilty.12.Thatwasthecaseforthedevelopingworldasawhole,whichstooduptotheU.S.withoutruiningthepossibilityofafuturedeal:ThedevelopingworldwasactingtogetherfaceduptotheU.S.withoutjeopardizingthechanceofanyfurtherdeal.

【译文】发展中国家整体上也是如此，它们一致反对美国的态度，同时又为未来的谈判留了余地。standupto(1)confrontfearlessly,opposeboldly勇敢地面对……e.g.Hissisterhadthebackbonetostanduptoallthedifficulties.(2)tostayhealthyoringoodconditioninadifficultenvironment经得起，顶得住e.g.Theirlovecanstanduptothetestoftime.

Willthisbuildingstanduptotyphoons?13.Itshouldbedifficultforacountrytomakethefinalconcessionthatallowsalandmarkdealtofallintoplace,andstillappearselfishandstubborn—buttheU.S.somehowmanagedtodothat:TheU.S.stillappearedselfishandwasunwillingtogiveupitsposition,despiteitsconcessionatthelastminutethatallowedthedealtobemade.

【译文】很难有国家能做到既最终妥协以成就一个里程碑式的协议，同时又显得自私顽固，但美国做到了这一点。14.YearsofblockingclimateactionateveryturnmeanttheBushAdministrationcameintotheBalitalkswithlittlepubliccredibility,andwhiletherewasasensebeforethetalksthattheU.S.mightshowflexibility,thathopewasquicklydispelled:YearsofcontinualoppositiontoclimateactionmeantthatinBalinoonewasreadytobelieveintheBushAdministrationscommitment:andtheearlierhopesthattheU.S.mightchangealittlesoondisappeared.

【译文】布什政府多年来总是阻碍应对气候的行动，因而其参与巴厘岛谈判时就没什么公众信任度。虽然谈判前，大家对美国尚抱一线希望，期望它能在谈判中灵活变通，但这希望很快落空了。15.ButastortuousasBaliwas,thenextroundwillhavetotacklethespecificactionstobetakenbydevelopedanddevelopingnationsalike:AscomplexastheBaliconferencewas,thenextroundofnegotiationsistodealwiththeconcreteactionstobetakenbyallnations.

【译文】但下一轮谈判会像此次巴厘岛大会一样曲折，它将为发达国家和发展中国家制定出具体的减排措施。StructureStudyFromstructuretotextSTRUCTURESTUDY

Thetextcanbedividedintofourparts.Fillintheblankswithappropriatewordsfromthetextcompletethemainideaofeach.PartsParagraphsMainIdeasPartOneParas.1—2Throughl)

negotiations,theBaliRoadmap,anewclimatechange2)_,wasbornattheendoftheBaliConference.PartTwoParas.3—6Althoughtherewasmuch3)

__attheBaliConference,the“BerlinWall”ofclimatechangewas4)

.Bothdevelopedanddevelopingcountrieshavesigneduptothefight5)

climatechange.PartThreeParas.7—8ThebigwinnersattheBaliConferenceare6)

countriessuchasChinaandIndia.AtthelastminutetheU.S.hadtomakethefinal7)

thatallowedalandmarkdealto8)

intoplace.PartFourParas.9—10Thenextstepsareto9)

thespecificactionstobel0)

bydevelopedanddevelopingnationsalike.torturedagreementdisappointmentdismantledagainst

developing

concession

fall

tackle

taken

Directions:Choosetheanswerthatbestcompleteseachsentenceoranswerseachquestion.1)WhatwastheattitudeoftheU.S.towardtheKyotoProtocol?A)Indifferent.B)Neutral.C)supportive.D)Opposing.2)Whatdoes“theBerlinWallofclimatechange”(Para.3)referto?A)Theideathatonlydevelopingnationsareresponsibleforglobalwarming.B)Theideathatonlyrichnationsneedtomakecommitmentstofightingglobalwarming.C)Theideathatbothpoorandrichnationshaveresponsibilityforglobalwarming.D)Theideathatdevelopedanddevelopingnationshavedifferentresponsibilitiesforglobalwarming.Directions:Choosetheanswerthatbestcompleteseachsentenceoranswerseachquestion.3)ThespecifictargetofemissioncutssetbytheBaliRoadmapfordevelopednationsby2020is

.A)35to45%B)25to50%C)25to40%D)nospecifictarget4)Whydoestheauthorsaythatnoclimatedealcanworkwithouttheparticipationofdevelopingcountries?A)Becausedevelopingcountrieshavebeengettingricherandricherinrecentyears.B)Becausedevelopingcountrieshavealargerpopulationthandevelopedones.C)Becausedevelopingcountriesaregettingmoreandmoreindustrialized.D)Becausethemajorityoffuturecarbonemissionswillcomefromthedevelopingworld.Directions:Choosetheanswerthatbestcompleteseachsentenceoranswerseachquestion.5)WhatisthegreatsignificanceoftheBaliInternationalClimateChangeConference?A)TheBaliconferencetoredowntheBerlinwallofclimatechange,reachinganagreementonaglobalresponsetoclimatechange.B)TheU.S.madeafinalconcessionthatallowedalandmarkdealtofallintoplace.C)TheBaliconferencehasraisedthelevelofawarenessofclimatechangeamongdevelopingnations.D)TheBaliRoadmapwillstopdevelopingcountriesfromcuttingdownforests.03After-readingAfter-reading点击此处输入文字内容KeystoExercisesAfter-readingActivityKeystoExercisesVocabulary1.1)compromises2)outlined3)breakdown4)unprecedented5)prompted6)ruined7)opposition8)tackle9)elevate10)concessions2.

1)refusal2)resources3)ruined4)successor5)emissions6)estimation7)compromise8)credibility9)contains10)participationStructure1.

1)WiththeexceptionofMary(除了玛丽),allthestudentshadfinishedclassassignmentswhenthebellrang.2)Withtheexceptionofanemergency(除了紧急情况),nopersonisallowedtoopenthisdoor.3)Withtheexceptionofchildrenunder10(除了十岁以下的孩子),everyoneinthisvillageshouldbeinformedofthesadnews..4)Youcanhaveaccesstoallthebooksinthisstudy,withtheexceptionoftwojournals(除了两本期刊).5)WearefullysatisfiedwithlifeinKunming,withtheexceptionofhousingandtransport(除了住房和交通).Structure2.1)Intheneighborhoodthereisnobodywhodoesnotknowme.2)Nothingisimpossibleifyoutryyourbest.3)Wecouldnotachievesuchgreatsuccesswithoutthehelpofourteachers.4)ItisnotimpossibletopassCET-4nexttimeifyouworkharder.5)Ourworkhasnomeaningwithoutconsi4eringmostpeoplesfundamentalinterests.Comprehension1)raising2)criticism3)primarily4)distinguish5)amid6)utmost7)estimates8)treaty9)flow10)vulnerabilityTranslationAstheworldisgettingmoreandmoredenselypopulated,airpollutionhasbecomeanunprecedentedlysevereproblem.Thisproblemhascalledfortheincreasingattentionofenvironmentalists.Thefourmajorhumanactivitysectorscontainingindustry,energy,transportation,andagriculturearesomehowresponsibleforairpollution.Energiesareneededtorunfactories,topowertrains,planesandbuses.Nearlyalloftheseenergiesareproducedbyburningfuels,whichwouldpromptairpollution.Scientistsarestudyingnewwaysofgeneratingelectricitythatcanbelessdamagingtotheenvironment.Theincreasedpublicenvironmentalawarenesshasledtotheavalancheofactivitiessuchasrecycling.TalkingaboutPicturesDirections:Variouskindsofconferencesareheldeachyeartotackledifferentchallengesfacingtheworld.Thefollowingaretwoexamplesofthem.Sharewhatyouknowaboutthemwithyourclassmates.After-readingActivityGroupWorkDirections:Planasmallconferenceonanythemerelatedtoyouruniversitylife.Workwithyourgroupmemberstodecidethethemeofyourconferenceandoutlineaplanforit.Lateryoumaybeaskedtoshareyourideaswiththewholeclass.After-readingActivityTheme

Goal

Slogan

Agenda04AdditionalMaterialsAdditionalMaterialsActivitiesBackgroundInformationActivityOneDirections:Everyyear,differentconferencesareheldnationallyorinternationallyforvariouspurposes.Thepicturesbelowarefordifferentconferences.Guessastothepurposeofeachofthemaccordingtothetitle,andexplainwhetherinternationalconferencesareofgreatimportance.Whyorwhynot?Tips:Aimsofinternationalconferences:①

topromotetheunderstanding,communication,coordinationandcooperationamongnations;②

toestablishpeaceandharmony,andfriendshipamongcountries;③

toaddressandcopewithconcernsandproblemstogether;④

tosharepracticalexperiences;⑤

toarousetheworldsawarenessofprotectingtheplanetonwhichwelive;⑥

torealizethedifferencesamongcultures;topromotetheprogressofhumancivilization,etc.TheKyotoProtocolTheK