2023复习专题-中考英语阅读理解知识点归纳

2023复习专题——中考英语阅读理解知识点归纳

一、中考英语阅读理解(含答案详细解析)

1.阅读理解

Haveyoueverstayedinahotel?MostChinesehotelsoftenprovideguestswiththingslike

disposable(——次性的)toothbrushes,toothpaste,shampooandslippers.Manyguestslikethe

ideabecausetheydon'thavetobringtheirown.But,ifyoutraveltoBeijing,remembertobring

yourownthings.StartingfromJune,somehotelsinBeijingwillnolongerprovideguestswith

thesedisposables.Theywanttoaskpeopletouselessdisposablethings.

Manydisposablethingsaremadeofplastic.Peoplethrowthemawayafteronlyusingthem

once.Itisawasteofnaturalresources(资源)andisverybadfortheenvironment.Doyou

know,oneChinesepersonmakesasmuchas400kgofwasteayear!Mostofthatwastecomes

fromdisposablethings.InEeijing,peoplethrowawayabout19,000tonsofplasticbagsand1,320

tonsofplasticlunchbowlseveryyear!Plasticcantakebetween100and400yearstobreakdown.

Sothelessplasticwethrowout,thebetter.So,whereveryoutravel,bringyourownthingsand

usethemagainandagain.

Backathomeandschool,youcanalsodosomethingtomakeourworldabetterplace.-ryto

dothesethingsinyourdailylife:Useclothshoppingbags,notplasticones.Afterusingaplastic

bag,washitoutandletitdry.Thenyoucanuseitoverandoveragain.Donotusepapercups.At

yourschoolcanteen(食堂),useyourownbowlandchopsticksinsteadofdisposableones.

(1)Whydomanyhotelsorovideguestswithsomedisposablethings?

A.Lettheirguestsbeconvenientduringtheirtravelling.

B.Hopetheirguestsuselessdisposablethings.

C.Wishtheirgueststosavemoney.

D.Wanttheirgueststousemoredisposablethings.

(2)SomeBeijinghotelsv/illnolongerprovideguestswith.

A.cheapfoodanddrinkB.disposablethingsC.goodserviceD.freeTVprograms

(3)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Manydisposablethingsaremadeofplastic.

B.Throwingdisposablethingsawayisawasteofnaturalresources.

C.Plasticisverybadfortheenvironment.

D.Plasticbreaksdowneasily.

(4)Whatcanwedotomakeourworldabetterplaceathomeandschool?

A.Useshoppingbagsmadeofplastic.

B.Donotthrowawaypapercups.

C.Usedisposableplates,bcwlsandchopsticks.

D.Donotforgettoreusedailynecessities(日用品).

(5)Wecantellfromthestorythat.

A.peopledon'tlikedisposablethingsatall

B.wecan'tusepaperorplasticbowlsatschool

C.weshoulduselessplasticthingsandprotectourenvironment

D.hotpkwon'tprovidpdi，pc，ablpthing，hacauqpthpywanttosavemonpy

【答案】(1)A

(2)B

(3)D

(4)D

(5)C

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述一次性用品浪费自然资源而且对环境有害，北京的一些酒

店将不再为客人提供这些次性用品。他们想让人们少月次性用品。倡导人们用布制购物

袋而不用塑料袋。

(1)推断题o根据Manyguestsliketheideabecausetheydon'thavetobringtheirown.可知,

让他们的客人在其旅游中方便，故选A。

(2)细节题。根据somehotelsinBeijingwillnolongerprovideguestswiththesedisposables.

可知，一些北京旅馆将不再给顾客提供一次性用品，故选B。

(3)细节题。根据Plasticcantakebetween100and400yearstobreakdown.可知，塑料要

花费100到400年才分解，所以不容易分解，故选D。

(4)推断题。根据So,whereveryoutravel,bringyourownthingsandusethemagainandagain.

可知，让我们的世界在家里和学校变得更美好，我们应该重复使用日用品，故选D。

(5)主旨题。本文主要讲述为了保护我们的环境我们应该少用型料用品，故选C.

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要

从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解

大意之后找出中心思想。

2.阅读表格，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

UMENLOOKATAMAP.

蛙TME5ELEAVES,UNU5?

NORTH15UPAND501nMIS

由斤？血,由TUE^REFMNG60nHFOR

I5N_T______IT?"THE(OINTEQ!

(1)Thepicturesaboveare

A.anewsreportB.acomicstripC.aposterD.anotice

(2)Whatarethekidsmainlytalkingabout?

A.ThedirectionB.TheseasonsC.ThemapD.Theleaves

(3)Inthepictures,itisnowmostprobably.

A.springBsummerC.autumnD.winter

【答案】(1)B

(2)A

(3)C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了三个孩子通过看落叶来谈论南北。

(1)细节题，根据图片内容可知是连环画，故选B。

(2)细节题。根据NORTHISUPANDSOUTHISDOWN上北下南,可知他们在谈论方向,

故选Ao

(3)细节题。根据THEY'REFLYINGSOUTHFORTHEWINTER!树叶正在飞向南为了过冬,可

知是秋天，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

3.阅读短文，判断正误。

Peoplesendbirthdaygreetingsbyusingcardsinbotheasternandwesterncountries.Itisnot

knownwhenandwhereexactlythetraditionofsendingbirthdaycardsbegan.Itisbelievedthatit

beganinEnglandintheearlynineteenthcentury.Inthosedayspeoplesentbirthdaycardswhen

theycouldn'twishsomebodyahappybirthdayinperson.

In1840thefirststampv/asusedinBritainandsendingbirthdaycardsbecameeasier;cheaper

andmorepopular.Thedevelopmentofcolorprintingprocesses(工艺流程)inthe1930salso

helpedtoincreasesalesofbirthdaycards.

Todaycardsareoftengivenwithapresent,evenwhenpeoplecanexpresstheirwishesfaceto

face.Inrecenttimese-cardshavealsobecomepopular.Manypeoplearestartingtousee-cards

insteadoftraditionalcardsbecausetheyarefree,environmentallyfriendlyandeasytoarrive.So

willccardstakeplaceofpapercardscompletelyintenortwentyyears?Probablynot.For

example,forkidsandoldpeople,theydon'tusee-cadsveryoften.

Ifourbirthdayiscomingsoon,doyouwishthatatleastonepersoncouldcongratulateyou

withabeautifulcardthen?

(1)Peoplesendbirthdaycardsindifferentcounties.

(2)ThetraditionofsendingbirthdaycardsbeganinFranceintheearly18thcentury.

(3)Sendingbirthdaycardsbecamemorepopularafterthestampswereused.

(4)Wear(?surethat<?-cardswilltakepapercards'placecomplptplyintwentyyears.

(5)Kidsandoldpeopleoftenusee-cards.

【答案】(1)1

(2)0

(3)1

(4)0

(5)0

【解析】【分析】大意：不同的国家的人们通过送生口卜片来向表达生口问候，送生口K片

始于19世纪英国。

(1)句意：不同国家的人们送生日卡片。根据Peoplesendbirthdaygreetingsbyusingcards

inbotheasternandwesterncountries.可知，中西方国家的人们都通过使用卡片来表达生日间

候，故答案为正确。

(2)句意：送生日卡的传统始于18世纪法国。根据ItisbelievedthatitbeganinEnglandin

theearlynineteenthcentury.可知,人们认为送生日卡片始丁19世纪英国，故答案为错误。

(3)句意：送生日卡片在开始使用邮票后变得更流行。根据In1840thefirststampwasused

inBritainandsendingbirthdaycardsbecameeasier,cheaperandmorepopular.可知，邮票开始

使用后，送生日卡片变得更容易，更便宜，更流行，故答案为正确。

(4)句意:在20年后我们确定电子k片将完全取代纸张k片。根据Sowille-cardstakeplace

ofpapercardscompletelyintenortwentyyears?Probablynot.可知,10年或20年后电子卡片

可能不会完全取代纸张卡片，故答案为错误。

(5)句意：孩子和老人经常使用电子卡片。根据theydon'tusee-cadsveryoften.可知，

他们不会经常使用电子卡片，故答案为错误。

【点评】考查阅读理解。浏览文章大意，根据问题在文章中找到原句判断对错。

4.阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Areyouafraidofgoingtothedentist(牙医)?Ifso,ycu'renotalone.

Thesefearscouldjustbeinourheads,however.AccordingtoarecentsurveybyMartinTickle,

aprofessoratManchesterUniversityintheUK,thepainisn'tfeltmostofthetimeindental

surgeries(牙科手•术).Infact,amongthe451interviewedpatients,75%reportednopainatall

duringtheirvisits,includingsituationswhentheyhadtheirteethpulledout.

Coulditbethesoundofthedrill(钻头)then?

"Ifoundthatthesoundofdrillingcanevokedeepworryindentalpatients.Actuallytheydon't

haveanypain."HiroyukiKaribe,ascientistatNipponDentalUniversityinTokyo,toldthe

Guardian.

Tofindthereasonwhyadrillmightbringonaracingheart,Karibedividedthevolunteersinto

low-fparandhigh-fpargroupsbaednnhewmuchthpyfparpdatriptothpdantiqt.Vohintppr«;

wereplayedthesoundofadrillwhiletheirbrainactivitieswerewatchedbyamachine.

WhatKaribefoundinthelow-feargroupwasincreasedactivityintheareasofthebrain

relativetoauditoryprocessing(听觉处理),whichmeans,forthesepeople,thesoundofdental

drillsisnodifferentfromothersounds

Inthehigh-feargroup,however,thebrainareathatwasactivated(激活)wasdifferent.It

wastheareathatcarriesoutanumberofduties,includinglearning,feelingsand,most

importantly,memory.Thismeansthatthesevolunteersnotonlyheardthesound,butthey

rememberedit-theymadeconnectionsbetweenthesoundofadrillandtheworryitproducedin

thepast,causingtheirworrytoreturn.

Understandinghowbrainsreplytothesoundsofdentists'drillscouldhelpscientistsfindways

tomakepatientsmorerelaxed,accordingtoKaribe,becausepatientswhoworryaboutgoingto

thedentistmightkeepputtingofftheirvisits.Butthebestwayistokeepyourteethhealthy.

(1)Howdoesthewriterexplainthatthepainisn'tfeltmostofthetimeindentalsurgeries?

A.Byshowingfactswithnumbers.

B.Byaskingquestionsonebyone.

C.Bygivingexamplesgroupbygroup.

D.Bycomparingresultsofpatients.

(2)Accordingtothefourthparagraph,whatdoestheword"evoke"meaninChinese?

A.减轻B.引起C.显示D.阻止

(3)Howdidthesoundofdrillingproducedifferentresultstothevolunteersinthestudy?

A.Itproducedsomeworryinthevolunteersinthelow-feargroup

B.Forthelow-feargroup,itactivatedthebrainareadealingwithlearning,feelingsandmemory

C.Forthehigh-feargroup,itcausedmoreactivitiesinthebrainarearelativetoauditory

processing.

D.Itmadepeopleinthehigh-feargroupremembertheirpastuncomfortablememories

(4)Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Howthestudymightbeuseful.

B.Somenewwaystotreatteeth

C.Theproperwaytotreatdentalpatients.

D.Theimportanceofkeepingourteethhealthy.

(5)What'sthepurposecfthepassage?

A.Toshowusdifferentareasoffearinbrains.

B.Tointroduceusarecentsurveybyascientist.

C.Tohplphavpla，，fparofatriptnthpdpntist.

D.Tomakeitclearthatthesoundofdrillingisnotterrible.

【答案】(1)A

(2)B

(3)D

(4)A

(5)B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了理解大脑对牙医的钻头声的反应可以帮助科学家找到让病人更放

松的方法。

(1)细节题。根据Infact,amongthe451interviewedpatients,75%reportednopainatall

duringtheirvisits,includingsituationswhentheyhadtheirteethpulledout.可知采访了451人，

75%说一点不疼，可知用数字说明事实，故选A。

(2)细节题。根据后文Tofindthereasonwhyadrillmightbringonaracingheart可知是发

现钻头引起担心的原因，所以意思是引起，故选B。

(3)细节题。根据buttheyrememberedit-theymadeconnectionsbetweenthesoundofadrill

andtheworryitproducedinthepast,causingtheirworrytoreturn可知让他们记住过去的担心

忧虑，故选D。

(4)细节题，根据Understandinghowbrainsreplytothesoundsofdentists'drillscouldhelp

scientistsfindwaystomakepatientsmorerelaxed可知理解大脑对牙医的钻头声的反应可以帮

助科学家找到让病人更放松的方法，即研究是有用的，改选A。

(5)细节题。根据全文可知主要讲了理解大脑对牙医的钻头声的反应可以帮助科学家找到

让病人更放松的方法。，即介绍科学家的一项最近的研究，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

5.阅读理解

Edinburghistheworld's"festivalcity".Thecityholds12festivalsthroughouttheyear;halfof

whicharecelebratedduringthemonthsofJulyandAugust.Hundredsofthousandsofpeople

visittheScottishcapitalduringthesummer.Herearesomeoftheeventstheycanenjoy.

TheEdinburghThisistheoriginal(最初的)Edinburghfestival,whichbeganin1947.

InternationalActors,musicians,dancersandoperasingersfromallovertheworld

Festivalperformforlargeaudiences.Youneedticketsformostofthefestival's

events,whichtakeplaceintheatersaroundthecity.

TheEdinburghThisisthelargestartfestivalintheworld,withthousandsof

FestivalFringeperformances.Anyonecanperformatthefestival.Over20,000artistscan

takepart.GototheRoyalMile,onecfEdinburgh'smainstreets,towatch

performerssuchasmagicians,acrobats（杂技演员）andcomedians.

However,itcangetverybusy,asthousandsoftouristsandlocal（当地

的）peoplefillthecitystreetstoenjoytheshows.

TheEdinburghThelargestbookfestivalinthev/orldbeganin1983andtakesplace

InternationaleveryyearinCharlotteSquareGardensinthecenterofEdinburgh.Thereare

BookFestivalover700eventsforchildrenandadults.Youcanmeetmanyauthors,talkto

them,askthemtosignabookorlisten:othemtalkabouttheirstories.

TheEdinburghMusicloverscometothisfestivaltoenjoymusicalperformancesall

JazzandBluesoverthecity.Artistsperformstreettheater;danceandcircus（马戏）shows

Festivalinamazingcostumes（戏装）.Everyonecanenjoythemusicanddance

performances.

（1）WhatdoweknowfromParagraph1?

A.Edinburghisfamousforitsfestivals.

B.EdinburghisthecapitalcfWales.

C.SixofEdinburgh'sfestivalsareheldinJuly.

D.SummerisnotthebesttimetovisitEdinburgh.

（2）Whichofthefollowingisthelargestartfestivalintheworld?

A.TheEdinburghInternationalFestival.B.TheEdinburghFestivalFringe.

C.TheEdinburghInternationalBookFestival.D.TheEdinburghJazzandBluesFestival.

（3）WhereistheEdinburghInternationalBookFestivalheld?

A.Attheatersaroundthecity.B.IntheRoyalMile.

C.InCharlotteSquareGardens.D.OnEdinburgh'smainstreets.

（4）Whatisthepurposeofthestory?

A.TodescribethecityofEdinburgh.

B.TodescribesomefestivalsinEdinburgh.

C.ToprovethatEdinburghistheworld'sartcenter.

D.ToencouragemoreartiststoperforminEdinburgh.

【答案】（1）A

(2)B

(3)C

(4)B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了Edinburgh的四个节日。

(1)细节题。根据Edinburghistheworld's"festivalcity".可知Edinburgh是世界的节日城市,

即以它的节日闻名，故选A。

(2)细节题°根据第一个表格Thisisthelargestartfestivalintheworld可知theEdinburgh

FestivalFringe是世界上最大的艺术节，故选

(3)细节题。根据第三个表格Thelargestbookfestivalintheworldbeganin1983andtakes

placeeveryyearinCharlotteSquareGardensinthecenterofEdinburgh.可知在CharlotteSquare

Gardens举行,故选C。

(4)细节题。根据全文可知主要讲了Edinburgh的四个节日，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

6.阅读理解

AtChristmas,differentcountriescelebrateChristmasindifferentways.Herearesome

interestingactivitiesindifferentcountries.

Australia

l.ReadpoemsandstorieswithAustralianChristmasthemes.

2.ListthetraditionalfoodeatenatChristmasathome.

3.AskfivepeoplewhattheythinkthemeaningofChristmasisandrecordtheiranswers.

Germany

l.lnGermankitchens,lotsofdessertsarebakedfortheholidays!

2.TraditionallyonChristmasEve,thefatherdecoratesthetreealoneinthemorning.The

motherspendsthemorningdecoratingthehomeandcookingasmallmeal.Somechooseto

serveasaladorapotatosaadwithsomemeat.

3.ThefamilygoestochurchinthemorningandcomeshometohavetheirChristmasdinner.

Friendsorrelativesareofteninvitedtojointhem.Thosewhocouldnotbeinvitedthedaybefore

canthencomeonthisdaytocelebratewiththefamily.

Canada

l.WhenyouhearChristmassongsinpublic,smileandsingalong.

2.PutChristmaslightsonyourhouse.Hangmistletoe(榔寄生)andsomeflowersinthe

doorway.

3.GowithyourfamilytothelocalChristmastreefarmtocutdownyourownorbuya

Christmastree.PickoutaChristmastreethatfitsyourhouse.

(1)WhomaydosomereadingonChristmasDay?

A.TheChinese.B.TheAustralians.C.TheCanadians.D.TheGermans.

(2)WherecanweseeanyflowersonChristmasDay?

A.InEngland.B.InGermany.C.InAustralia,D.InCanada.

(3)Wheremaythematerialcomefrom?

A.Adiary.B.Adictionary.C.Anewspaper.D.Anotebook.

【答案】(1)R

(2)D

(3)C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了澳大利亚、德国和加拿大三个国家过圣诞节时的一

些风俗习惯。涉及的风俗习惯有唱圣诞歌以及装饰圣诞树等。

(1)细节理解题。根据对应的句子"ReadpoemsandstorieswithAustralianChristmasthemes/

可知，在澳大利亚，人们会阅读以圣诞节为主题的诗歌和故事，故答案为B。

(2)细节理解题。根据对应的句了"Hangmistletoeandsomeflowersinthedoorway.”可知,

在加拿大，人们过圣诞节的时候可以看到花，故答案为De

(3)推理判断题。本文介绍了三个国家过圣诞节时的一些风俗习惯，合适的出处是“报纸”，

故答案为Co

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，推理判断题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓

住关键词寻找答案；推理判断题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。

7.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。

Oneday,Iwalkedintoastrangerashewalkedbyme."Ch,excuseme."Isaid.Herepliedwith

asmileandsaid,"Pleaseexcuseme,too.Iwasn'twatchingoutforyou."Weapologized(道歉)

andwentourownways.

Laterthatday,whenIwascooking,mydaughterwasstandingtooclosetome.WhenIturned

toreachforsomemilk,Inearlyknockedherover."Moveoutoftheway."Ishouted.Shewalked

awaysadly.ButIdidn'tfeellikeIhadtoapologizetoher.

WhileIwasinbedthatevening,myhusbandsaidtome,"Dealingwithastranger,youwere

polite,butwithadaughteryoulove,youwereunkind.Yourdaughterbroughtyousomeflowers

thatshepickedherselfthisafternoon.You'llfindtheminthekitchenbythedoor.Haveyouseen

thetearsinhereyes?"

Iquietlywentandkneltdownbymydaughter'sbed."Honey,Iamsosorry."Isaid,"Are:hese

theflowersyoupickedforme?"Shesaid,"Ifoundthembythetree.Ipickedthembecause

they'reprettylikeyou.Iknewyou'dlikethemespeciallytheblueones."Itearfullyreplied,

"Sweetie,I'mreallysorryforthewayIactedtoday.Ishouldn'thaveshoutedatyou.""It'sokay.I

loveyouanyway."shesaidasshekissedmeonmycheek.

Ifwecanbepolitetostrangers,whycan'twebekindtotheoneswelove?

(1)Theauthorbehaved(表现)___towardsthestrangeraftershewalkedintohim.

A.madlyB.badly.C.politely

(2)Whydidn'ttheauthorfeellikeapologizingtothedaughterinParagraph2?

A.Becauseshedidn'trealizeshehadhurtherdaughter.

R.Rpcauspdpcidpdtnapnlogizptnhprdaughtprlatpr.

C.Becauseherdaughterdidn'tmindit.

(3)Whatisthehusband'sopinioninParagraph3?

A.Theauthorshouldlookfortheflowers.

B.Theauthorshouldbefriendlytothedaughter.

C.Theauthorshouldn'tapologizetothestranger.

(4)What'stherightorderaccordingtothestory?

a.Theauthorshoutedatthedaughter.

b.Thehusbandgavetheauthoradvice.

c.Herdaughterpickedflowersfortheauthor.

d.Theauthorapologizedtothedaughter.

A.3-b-c-dB.b-a-d-cC.c-3-b-d

(5)What'sthebesttideforthepassage?

A.Bekindtolovedones.B.Don'tshoutatfamilymembers.C.Bepolitetostrangers.

【答案】(1)C

(2)A

(3)B

(4)C

(5)A

【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文讲述了作者走路是撞到一位陌生人，她有礼貌的道了歉，

可是因为自己的女儿挡了道而大喊。最后感到应该对自己爱的人更友好。

(1)细节理解题。根据Oneday,Iwalkedintoastrangerashewalkedbyme。"Oh,excuse

me。“Isaid。一天,作者走路时撞上一位陌生人，并向他道歉，可知，作者表现的很礼貌。

故选Co

(2)细节理解题。根据ButIdidn'tfeellikeIhadtoapologizetoher<>可知,我并没有感到

我需要向她道歉。故选

(3)细节理解题。根据Dealingwithastranger,youwerepolite,butwithadaughteryou

love,youwereunkind。对付一位陌生人你是礼貌的，但是对你所爱的女儿，你不太友好。

可知，丈夫建议作者应该对女儿要友好。故选B。

细节理解题。根据我朝女儿大喊之前是女儿摘花

（4）Moveoutofthewayc"Ishouted,

送我当了我的道，Herdaughterpickedflowersfortheauthoro应该最早发生，排在最前，

其次Theauthorshoutedatthedaughter。到晚上我的丈夫指出了我的问题并建议我向女儿道

兼欠，即Thehusbandgavetneauthoradvice。最后Theauthorapologizedtothedaughter。彳乍者

向女儿道歉，故选C。

（6）主旨大意题。标题要能反映文章的主旨大意，根据Ifwecanhepolitytostrangers,why

can'twebekindtotheoneswelove?可知，如果我们能礼貌地陌生人,为什么不能对自己所

爱的人友好呢？突出主题，对自己所爱的人要友好。故选A。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。对于细节理解题，在分析问题弄清题意后带着问题进行阅读，

从文章的细节中找出问题答案。对于主旨大意题要根据文章的主题句确定。

8.阅读理解

RupertIsaacsonwasborninAfrica,andgrewupinLondonandintheEnglishcountryside,

wherehediscoveredhisloveofhorses.Becausehegrewuphearingsomanyfascinating

memoriesaboutAfricafromhisparents,hewentthereandlivedwiththepeoplecalledThe

BushmenoftheKalahariDesert.

Bytheyear2000,Rupertwasalreadyworkingasareporter,writingarticlesandguidebooks

aboutAfricaandIndia.HemethiswifeKristininIndia.Today,theylivewiththeirson,Rowan,in

theUS.ButRupertfacedthegreatestchallengeofhislifewhen,attheageoftwo,Rowanwes

diagnosed（诊府i）withanillnessthatinfluencedhisabilitytocommunicatewithothers.

RupertdiscoveredthatspendingtimewithhorsesandridingthemwashelpingRowan.But

unluckily,theBushmenoftheKalaharidonothavehorses.SothefamilysetoutforMongolia,

wherehorseshavebeenimportantforlong.Ruperthaswrittenaboutthisjourneytohelphisson

inhisbookHorseBoy,andhehasproducedadocumentaryofthesamename.Inthefilm,people

havethechancestoseethefamilytravellinginMongolia,ridinghorsesandmeetinghealers（治

疗师）inordertohelpRowan.

BecauseworkingwithhorseshashelpedRowan,RupertsetupTheHorseBoyFoundationon

hisfarminTexas.Itisaschoolthatteachespeoplehowtousehorsesforhealing.Besideswriting

anotherbook,TheLongRideHome,abouttravellingwithRowantoAfrica,AustraliaandArizona

intheUS,RuperthasalsoproducedthedocumentaryEndangerous,withRowanashost,about

dangerousanimalsthatareendangered.RupertIsaacsonhasmanagedtodiscoverthesecretof

turningonechallengeintomanyachievements.

（1）WheredidRupertIsaacsondiscoverhisloveofhorses?

A.IntheEnglishcountryside.B.InIndia.C.InAfrica.D.InMongolia.

(2)WhenwasRowandiagnosedwiththeillnessmentionedinthepassage?

A.Intheyear2000.B.Attheageoftwo.

C.WhenhewasinMongolia.D.WhenhewasinLondon.

(3)WhydidRupert'sfarrilygotoMongolia?

Becausethere.

A.heworkedasareporterB.therewerenohorses

C.thprpwarplet，ofhersa，D.hpwantpdtnmppthi，wifp

(4)WhatisthepurposeofTheHorseBoyFoundation?

A.Toproduceadocumentary.B.Tocommunicatewithothers.

C.Tolearnhowtoridehorses.D.Toteachpeoplehowtousehorsesforhealing.

(5)HowmanydocumentarieshasRupertproducedinthepassage?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

【答案】(1)A

(2)B

(3)C

(4)D

(5)A

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是路伯特伊萨克森在英国长大的非洲人，因为他

从父母那里听力很多关于非洲的神奇的故事，他去非洲和卡拉哈里沙漠的丛林人一起生活。

到2000年他已经是一名记者了在印度他阅读妻子，然后有了儿子，在儿子两岁时被诊断为

一种疾病影响他和别人交流。鲁伯特发现骑马有助于儿子于是他们到了蒙古，在他的书《马

童》，他写的这个旅程来帮助儿子。同时他还录制了同一名字的纪录片。因为和马一起工作

帮助了儿子，他还建立了基金会，教会人们用马治疗人们。同时他还写了另一本书，并且制

作了另一部纪录片。

(1)细节理解题。根据RupertIsaacsonwasborninAfrica,andgrewupinLondonandinthe

Englishcountryside,wherehediscoveredhisloveofhorses.可知是在英国农村他发现对马的热

爱的，故选A。

(2)细节理解题。根据ButRupertfacedthegreatestchallengeofhislifewhen,attheageoftwo,

Rowanwasdiagnosed(诊断)withanillnessthatinfluencedhisabilitytocommunicatewith

others.可知Roman两岁时被诊断为这种疾病的，故选B.

(3)细节理解题。根据Butunluckily,theBushmenoftheKalaharidonothavehorses.Sothe

familysetoutforMongolia,wherehorseshavebeenimportantforlong.可知他们去蒙古因为那

里马多，故选C。

(4)细节理解题。根据BecauseworkingwithhorseshashelpedRowan,RupertsetupThe

HorseBoyFoundationonbisfarminTexas.Itisaschoolthatteachespeoplehowtousehorses

forhealing.可知这个基金会教人们如何用马进行治疗，故选D。

（5）细节理解题。根据RuperthaswrittenaboutthisjourneytohelphissoninhisbookHorse

Boy,andhehasproducedadocumentaryofthesamename.和Ruperthasalsoproducedthe

documentaryEndangerous,withRowanashost,aboutdangerousanimalsthatare

endangered.可知路伯特一共制作了两个纪录片，分别是HorseBoy和Endangerous,故迷A”

【点评】此题考杳阅读理解，这是一篇关于细节理解的短文.我们先分析问题.然后带若问

题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找到关于和问题相关的语句，确定问题答案.

9.阅读理解

Doyouwanttoimproveyourphysicsandchemistrygrades?Well,maybeyoushouldfirstlearn

somethingaboutthestruggles（奋斗）ofgreatscientists.

TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationdidaninterestingstudy.Morethan400studentsfrom

schoolsinNewYorkCitytookpartinit.Thestudentsweredividedintothreegroups.Group1

readdlypicdltextbookthatdescribesthedchievementsofgreatscientists.Group2readabout

thosescientists'personalstruggles.Forexample,asaJew,Enstein（爱因斯坦）ranawayfrom

NaziGermanytoavoidpersecution（迫害）.Thelastgroupreadaboutthescientists'intellectual

struggles,suchasMarieCurie'sfailedscientifictests.Thesestoriesaboutstrugglesalsotold

studentshowthescientistsdealtwiththeseobstacles（障碍）.

Thestudentstookascienceexambeforethestudy.Afterthesix—weekstudy,theytook

another.ScientistsfoundthoseinGroups2and3improvedtheirsciencegrades.Studentsin

Group1didn'tseeagradeincrease.Someofthemevenhaclowergradesafterthestudy.

ThestudywasledbyXaodongLin—Siegler,ateacheratColumbiaUniversity.Accordingto

Xiaodong,kidsoftenthinkEinsteinwastrulyintelligent.Theybelievetheywillnevermatchhim.

Manyofthemfailtorealizethatanysuccessrequiresalongjourney.Alongtheway,thereare

manyfailures（失败）.

Studentswhoreadthestrugglestoriesmoreprobablysaidthatgreatscientistswerelike

themselves.The"greatminds"alsohadtoovercomeobstaclestoachievesuccess.

Xiaodongsaystoday'ssciencetextbooksfailtobringsciencetolife.Asaresult,students

seldomregardscienceaspartoftheireverydaylives.Instead,theyjustseealonglistoffactsthat

theyhavetoremember.Xiaodongthinkstextbooksshouldincludemorestoriesabouthowgreat

scientistshadtostruggletosucceed.Andstudentsshouldfocusmoreonhowthesescientists

dealtwiththeobstaclestheymetalongtheway.

（1）Accordingtothearticle,studentscanimprovetheirphysicsandchemistrygradesby

A.readingtheachievementsofgreatscientistsmorecarefully

B.listeningmorecarefullytotheirphysicsandchemistryteachers

C.learningabouthowgreatscientistsdealtwiththeirobstacles

(2)Allofthestudents