湖北省武汉市部分重点中学2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）

第1页/共1页武汉市部分重点中学2024-2025学年度上学期期末联考高二英语试卷本试卷共10页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试时间：2025年1月15日下午14:00-16:00★祝考试顺利★注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whowillgetagift?A.Jenna.B.Carl.C.Nina.2.Whatisthetopicoftheconversation?A.Confirmingthebill.B.Enjoyingthemeal.C.Orderingfood.3.WhatisEmmatryingtodo?A.Explorejobopportunities.B.Submitherpaper.C.Conductresearch.4.Howsoonwilltheconcertbegin?A.In45minutes.B.Intwohours.C.Inthreehours.5.Whatisthemanlikelytodonext?A.Getoffatrain.B.Carryoutasurvey.C.Respondtosomequestions.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistheproblemwiththewoman’sdelivery?A.It’slost.B.It’sbeenpostponed.C.It’sbeencanceled.7Whoisresponsibleforthewoman’sproblem?A.Thecustomerservice.B.Thedeliveryman.C.Thedealer.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Brotherandsister.C.Waiterandcustomer.9.Whywerethewoman’sfriendsmissingatfirst?A.Theywerenotreliable.B.Theydidn’tgettheinvitations.C.Theywenttothewrongplace.10.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeelattheendoftheconversation?A.Moved.B.Strange.C.Worried.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhyisSarahworriedaboutgoinghiking?A.Shedoesn’tbringamap.B.Shehasn’thikedforalongtime.C.She’sunfamiliarwiththelocaltrail.12.WhatdoesJasonimplyabouthisapproachtooutdooractivities?A.Helikestotravelalone.B.Hedoesn’tpreparemuch.C.Heavoidsriskysituations.13.WhatdoesSarahwanttoconfirmintheend?A.Theweather.B.Thehikingroute.C.Thenecessaryitemsforthehike.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whendidthewomanleavecampus?A.2yearsago.B.3yearsago.C.10yearsago.15.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofAndrew?A.Hewashelpful.B.Hewastalented.C.Hewasbusy.16.Whatisanecessaryqualificationforthewoman’sjob?A.Artistictalent.B.Programmingknowledge.C.Teachingexperience.17.Whateventarethespeakersattending?A.Abusinessconference.B.Aschoolreunion.C.Agraduationceremony.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatisthe20-minutes-in-the-parktheoryfor?A.Losingweight.B.Keepinghealthyphysicallyandmentally.C.Makingmorenewfriends.19.Howmuchoutdoortimedoesthespeakerhaveinaweek?A.Atmostonehour.B.Atmostoneandahalfhours.C.Nearlytwohours.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestlistenersdo?A.Includeparkvisitsintheirroutine.B.Keepparksandgreenspacesclean.C.Viewnatureasafriendorfamilymember.第二部分阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIfyou’relookingforsomelatestwearabletechtoaddtoyournewyear’swishlist,herearesomeremarkableoptions.OWOORIGINALEDITIONKITBringingyourgamingworldintoreality,theOWOskinshirtusesaseriesofsensorypadstodelivermorethan30differentsensationsduringgameplay.Fromtheforceofblowingwindtotheimpactofagunshot,theskin’sbuilt-insensorsareplacedacrossthechest,armsandbellyforafullupper-bodyexperience.TheOWOskinisaccessedtoarangeofdifferentgames.RINGPAY2MakingcountlesspaymentsatthetillmightnotgetmucheasierthanusingtheRingPay2.Simplyraisethesmartringoverthereader,likeanycontactlesscreditcard,andthedealiscomplete.OneofthemanybenefitsoftheRingPay2isthatitdoesn’tneedcharging.Theappalsoletsyoupausethering’sabilitytomakepaymentsifit’smisplaced.TAPXRCombiningmotionandvisualsensors,theTapXRgivesitswearertheabilitytocommunicatewithyoursmartdevicesinawholenewway.Throughhand-trackingtechnology,theTapXRtranslatestappingintoacommandthatitpassesontoaBluetooth-paireddevicetocarryoutafunction.Aswellassmartphonesandcomputers,theTapXRcanbepairedwithVRheadsetsasacontrollertonavigatethevirtualworld.GOOGLEPIXELWATCH2Packedwithallthestatisticalbellsandwhistlesasmartwatchcanoffer,theGooglePixelWatch2canhelpyoukeeptracksonyourbody’shealthandfitness,alongwithkeepingyouconnectedthroughyoursmartphone.ThePixelWatch2alsocomeswithahandysafetyfeaturethatwillshareinformationsuchasyourlocationandbatterylifewithachosencontactafteracertainamountoftime.Ifinterested,clickheretogetmoredetails.1.WhatdoRINGPAY2andGOOGLEPIXELWATCH2haveincommon?A.Theybothneedtobechargedregularly. B.Theybothhavefunctionsrelatedtosecurity.C.Theyarebothmainlyusedforentertainment. D.TheybothrelyonBluetoothconnectiontowork.2.Whichwearableoffersreal-lifefeeling?A.OWOORIGINALEDITIONKIT. B.ΤAPXRB.C.GOOGLEPIXELWATCH2. D.RINGPAY2.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Afashionmagazine. B.Asciencefictionnovel.C.Atechproductwebsite. D.Asportsequipmentcatalogue.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些最新的可佩戴技术。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据RINGPAY2中“Theappalsoletsyoupausethering’sabilitytomakepaymentsifit’smisplaced.(如果ring放错了地方，这款应用还可以让你暂停支付功能)”和GOOGLEPIXELWATCH2中“ThePixelWatch2alsocomeswithahandysafetyfeaturethatwillshareinformationsuchasyourlocationandbatterylifewithachosencontactafteracertainamountoftime.(PixelWatch2还配备了一个方便的安全功能，可以在一定时间后与选定的联系人共享你的位置和电池寿命等信息。)”可知，RINGPAY2和谷歌PIXELWATCH2都有与安全相关的功能。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据OWOORIGINALEDITIONKIT中“Bringingyourgamingworldintoreality,theOWOskinshirtusesaseriesofsensorypadstodelivermorethan30differentsensationsduringgameplay.(将你的游戏世界带入现实，《魔兽世界》的皮肤衬衫使用一系列感应垫，在游戏过程中提供30多种不同的感觉)”可知，OWOORIGINALEDITIONKIT能提供真实的感觉。故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，并根据文章第一段“Ifyou’relookingforsomelatestwearabletechtoaddtoyournewyear’swishlist,herearesomeremarkableoptions.(如果你正在寻找一些最新的可佩戴技术来增加你的新年愿望清单，这里有一些不错的选择)”最后一句“Ifinterested,clickheretogetmoredetails.(如果有兴趣，请点击这里获取更多细节)”推知，这段文字可能取自科技产品网站。故选C项。BLifeplaysoutmuchasitalwayshasonthegreatplainsofKenya’sMaasaiMara,butthelatestgenerationofMaasaiaregraduallychangingthefaceofmodernsafari(观兽旅行)—withgreaterpermissionforfemaleguidesandlocalcommunitiesasawhole.TraineeBrendaSenewakorian,withherlonghairsweepingintoabun,isamongthenewfemaleguidesrecruitedbyacampinanefforttoincreasetheirnumbers.Traditionallyinruralcommunities,womenwouldbeexpectedtocookandfetchwater,amongotherdomesticchores.Now,femaleguidesbehindsafarivehiclesteeringwheels(方向盘)areanincreasinglycommonsightintheMara—largelyduetocommunitiesbecomingmoreaccepting,greatereducationfrommeasuressuchastheWTCandgreaterflexibilityfromemployersaroundfamilycommitments.“Animalsarejustlikeus,”Brendaremarks,“Theyjustwanttotakecareoftheiryoungones.”She’sasinglemotherwhoreliesonthesupportofherfamilytohelpraiseherchild.butshesaysshe’sdeterminedtoearnherownincome.AcrosstheMara,morecampsareemployingwomen.They’reintheprocessoftrainingtheirfirstfemaleguide.Sophie,aveteranintheMaraatthewheel,recallsthatpreviouslygirlscouldn’tgotoschoolasparentsthoughtitawaste.Butnow,theeldersrecognizewhattheydo,andthateveryoneneedstocontributetothefamilyincome.Theperceptionhaschanged:“ifmencandrive,wecandrive;ifmencanguide,wecanguide,too.”It’snotlongbeforeSophiefindamotherbuffaloandhercalfhidinginthelonggrass.Astouristswatchthem,SophietellsthemofthelegendaryblackrhinocalledMary,whoraisedanewpopulationofthecreaturesintheareaandinspiredtheKenyangovernmenttoestablishaprotectionproject.Whiletheessenceofsafarimayremainthesame-ofwatchingwildlifeoutontheplains—changeiscomingtoKenya,asthenextgenerationofMausaiguidespavetheirownpath.4.WhatisthemainreasonfortheincreasingnumberoffemaleguidesinMaasaiMara?A.Thedecreasingnumberofmaleguides. B.Thegovernment’sregulations.C.Thechangesinlocalcommunities. D.Thesupportfrominternationaltourists.5.WhatcanweinferfromBrenda’swords?A.Sheunderstandsanimalswell. B.Sheintendstoprotectanimalhabitats.C.Sheconsidersanimalsmoreaffectionate. D.Shewantstoraiseherchildindependently.6.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph4?A.Todescribefemaleguides’workchallenge. B.Toexplaintheroleoffemaleguidesintourism.C.Toshowpeople’sacceptanceofgenderequality. D.Tointroducefemaleguides’trainingprocess.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.FemaleGuides:NewForceinMaasaiMaraSafari.B.MaasaiMara:AParadiseforFemaleGuides.C.FemaleGuides:TransformingTraditionsinMaasaiMara.D.MaasaiMara:WitnessingtheChangesofFemaleGuides.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要描述了在肯尼亚的马赛马拉大平原上，最新一代的马赛人正在涌现越来越多的女性导游，逐渐改变了现代观兽旅行的面貌。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Traditionallyinruralcommunities,womenwouldbeexpectedtocookandfetchwater,amongotherdomesticchores.Now,femaleguidesbehindsafarivehiclesteeringwheelsareanincreasinglycommonsightintheMara—largelyduetocommunitiesbecomingmoreaccepting,greatereducationfrommeasuressuchastheWTCandgreaterflexibilityfromemployersaroundfamilycommitments.(传统上，在农村社区，妇女被期望做饭和取水，以及其他家务。现在，女导游坐在游猎车的方向盘上在马拉越来越常见，这主要是由于社区变得越来越易接受，从世贸组织等措施中获得了更多的教育，以及雇主在家庭责任方面的更大灵活性。)”可知，在马赛马拉女导游越来越多，主要是因为当地社区对女性角色的看法以及其他方面已经有所改变。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段““Animalsarejustlikeus,”Brendaremarks,“Theyjustwanttotakecareoftheiryoungones.”She’sasinglemotherwhoreliesonthesupportofherfamilytohelpraiseherchild.butshesaysshe’sdeterminedtoearnherownincome.(“动物就像我们一样，”Brenda说，“它们只是想照顾自己的孩子。”她是一位单身母亲，依靠家人的支持来抚养孩子。但她说，她决心自己挣钱。)”可知，Brenda的话表明，她是想自己挣钱，独立抚养自己的孩子。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“AcrosstheMara,morecampsareemployingwomen.(在马拉，越来越多的营地开始雇佣女性。)”和“Theperceptionhaschanged:“ifmencandrive,wecandrive;ifmencanguide,wecanguide,too.”(观念已经改变：“如果男人能开车，我们也能；如果男人能当向导，我们也能当向导。”)”可知，该段主要是为了显示人们接受了性别平等。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“LifeplaysoutmuchasitalwayshasonthegreatplainsofKenya’sMaasaiMara,butthelatestgenerationofMaasaiaregraduallychangingthefaceofmodernsafari—withgreaterpermissionforfemaleguidesandlocalcommunitiesasawhole.(生活一如既往地在肯尼亚的马赛马拉大平原上上演，但最新一代的马赛人正在逐渐改变现代狩猎的面貌——对女性导游和当地社区整体给予了更大的许可。)”和第四段“AcrosstheMara,morecampsareemployingwomen.(在马拉，越来越多的营地开始雇佣女性。)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要描述了在马赛马拉，涌现出了越来越多的女性导游，成为了观兽旅行的新生力量。故选A。CTieanItalian’shandsbehindhisbackandhe’llbespeechless,whichisanoldjokeintheUS.Thisrestedonanationalstereotype:Italiansaretalkativeandemotional,andallthatarm-wagglingsupposedlygoestoproveit.However,SusanGoldin-Meadowin,authorofthebonkThinkingwithYourHonds,hasaratherdifferentview.“Almosteveryonegestures,notjustItalians,”shelaughs.“Conferenceinterpretersgestureintheirlittlerooms,thoughnooneislookingatthem.Evenpeoplebornblindgesturewhentheyspeak,includingtoeachother.IntheTVseries,TheCrown,LadyDianaiswarnedthatherhandsmayrevealherrealemotions,whichcouldbedangerousandthattheyhavetobetiedtogethersoshecanlearntospeakwithoutgesturing.”Thegestureunderdiscussionhereistheso-called“co-speechgesture”.Itismuchmoreabstractthansuchsymbolicgestureslikeafingeroverthelipsfor“Silence!”orraisingafingertomean“Great!”.Likewords,dsuchsymbolicgesturesarefixedwithincultures(butvarybetweenthem).Instead,co-speechgesturesthataccompanyspeechareanotherchannelofinformationandemotion.Forexample,experimentalsubjectsareaskedtowatchafilminwhichacatruns,buttheyaretoldtolieandsayitjumped.Theymaydosoinwords-whiletheirhandswillmakearunningmovement.Theco-speechgestureisnotsignlanguages,whichhaveclearlydefinedwordsandgrammaranddifferfromplacetoplacejustasspokenonesdo,either.Andtheco-speechgestureshavegreatpotentialforpracticalapplications.Forexample,teachersareencouragedbothtousegesturesthemselvesandtoobservethosetheirstudentsmake.Somestudentswhofailatatrickymathematicsproblemmaygestureinawaythatindicatestheyareontheedgeofgettingit;theyshouldbetaughtdifferentlyfromtheoneswhosegesturessuggestthattheyareentirelyinperplexity.“Childrenwithlanguagedelayscausedbybraininjuriesatoraroundbirtharelikelytocatchupverballybytheageofabout30months,iftheygestureasmuchastheirpeers.Thosewhogesturelessaremorelikelytoneedearlyassistance,”SusanGoldin-Meadowinadds.“Co-speechgesturingisnotjustaboutalackofcontrol.Itisaboutthinkingandcommunication,andisanaidtoboth.”8.WhatdoesSusanGoldin-Meadowinimplyinparagraph2?A.Co-speechgesturesareusedbyallofus.B.LadyDianaisprobablyanemotionalwoman.C.Italiansareverytalkativeandgesturetoomuch.D.Itisunnaturalfortheblindtogesturetoeachother.9.Whatcanwelearnaboutsignlanguages?A.Theyareasabstractasco-speechgestures.B.Theyhavedistinctlystructuredwordsandgrammar.C.Theyareusuallylearnedbyhumanbeingsnaturally.D.Theyvaryfromculturetocultureandpersontoperson.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“inperplexity”intheparagraph4mean?A.Confused. B.Relaxed. C.Curious. D.Angry.11.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestteachersdointhepassage?A.Putenoughtrustinstudents. B.Teachasmanytrickyproblemsaspossible.C.Encouragestudentstotellthetruth. D.Observetheco-speechgesturescarefully.【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍“伴随言语的手势”这一概念，说明了手势不仅是意大利人等特定群体的特征，而是几乎所有人在言语时都会使用的辅助表达方式。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“However,SusanGoldin-Meadowin,authorofthebonkThinkingwithYourHonds,hasaratherdifferentview.“Almosteveryonegestures,notjustItalians,”shelaughs.“Conferenceinterpretersgestureintheirlittlerooms,thoughnooneislookingatthem.Evenpeoplebornblindgesturewhentheyspeak,includingtoeachother.IntheTVseries,TheCrown,LadyDianaiswarnedthatherhandsmayrevealherrealemotions,whichcouldbedangerousandthattheyhavetobetiedtogethersoshecanlearntospeakwithoutgesturing.”(然而，《用手思考》一书的作者SusanGoldin-Meadowin却有截然不同的看法。“几乎每个人都会做手势，不只是意大利人，”她笑着说，“会议口译员在小房间里口译时也会做手势，尽管没人看他们。甚至天生失明的人在交谈时也会做手势，彼此之间也是如此。在电视剧《王冠》中，戴安娜王妃被警告，她的手势可能会暴露她的真实情绪，这可能很危险，所以她得把双手绑在一起，学着说话时不做手势。”)”可知，在第二段中，SusanGoldin-Meadowin提到“Almosteveryonegestures,notjustItalians”，接着举例会议口译员在无人观看时也做手势，天生失明的人相互交谈时也做手势，以及戴安娜王妃被警告手势会暴露情绪等内容。这些例子都是为了说明我们所有人都在使用共同语言手势。故选A。9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Theco-speechgestureisnotsignlanguages,whichhaveclearlydefinedwordsandgrammaranddifferfromplacetoplacejustasspokenonesdo,either.(伴随言语手势也不是手语，手语有明确的词汇和语法，且如同口语一样，各地有所不同。)”可知，手语有明确的词汇和语法结构，就像口语一样，不同地区有所不同。故选B。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词组所在句“Somestudentswhofailatatrickymathematicsproblemmaygestureinawaythatindicatestheyareontheedgeofgettingit;theyshouldbetaughtdifferentlyfromtheoneswhosegesturessuggestthattheyareentirelyinperplexity.(一些在棘手数学题上受挫的学生，他们的手势可能表明他们就快找到解题思路了；对于这类学生，教学方式应不同于那些手势显示出完全……学生。)”可推测，这里将两类学生作对比，一类是做手势显示出就快找到解题思路的学生，与之不同的另一类学生，其手势表明他们处于“inperplexity”的状态。结合语境，可知这里是指完全困惑，不理解的状态。选项A“confused”，意为“困惑的”，与此相符。故选A。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Forexample,teachersareencouragedbothtousegesturesthemselvesandtoobservethosetheirstudentsmake.(例如，人们鼓励教师自己使用手势，并观察学生的手势。)”可知，作者建议教师自己要使用手势并且仔细观察学生的手势，也就是要仔细观察学生的伴随言语手势。故选D。DAteamofbiologistsfromtheUniversityofNeuchatel,workingwithstafffrommultipleinstitutionsinSouthAfrica,hasfoundthatremovinghorns(角)fromblackrhinos(犀牛)toprotectthemfromhuntersmayhavesocialimplicationsfortherhinos.Previousresearchhasshownthatrhinosareunderthreatbyhuntersthatkillthemillegallyobtaintheirhorns,whichareapopularproduct.Inthisneweffort,theresearchteamfocusedontheblackrhinosthatliveinAfrica.Therearecurrentlyabout6200blackrhinosinAfrica,whichhavebeengivenprotectedstatus.Unfortunately,despitearmedrangers(护林员)watchingoverthem,theirnumbershavedroppedovertheyears.Topreventfurtherlosses,animalmanagementauthoritieshaveauthorizedparkadministratorstoremovethehornsofmanyoftherhinos,removingthemotiveforhunting.Suchremovalshaveproventobeeffective-huntinghascometoastopgraduallyundertheprograms.However,theseprogramsarenotasimplesolution-removinghornssafelyiscostlyandputsworkersandrhinosatriskofharm.Also,thehornsgrowback,andmustberemovedevery18to24months.Lesswellunderstoodistheimpactontherhinosafterhornremoval.Tolearnmore,theresearchersinthisneweffortstudiedthehabitsofblackrhinosintheManyoniPrivateGameReserveinSouthAfrica.Theteamstartedbymakingmapsoftherhinorange.Theyuseddatafromsightingsmadebeforeadehorningprojectbeganin2016andthenforsightingsmadeoverthesubsequentyears.Theyfoundthatafterthelossofahorn,malerhinosgreatlyreducedtheirrange—somelostupto80%oftheirterritory.Forsomefemales,theteamreports,thereducedrangewasevengreater.Thegrouprepeatedtheirworkinnineotherreservesusing15yearsofdata-gatheringandfoundsimilarresults.Theresearchersalsofoundthattheremovalofhornsmadetheblackrhinoslesssocialwithoneanother-insteadofinteracting,theywouldintentionallyavoidoneanother.12.Whatisparagraph2mainlyaboutconcerningtherhinos?A.Thevalueoftheirhorns. B.Thereductionintheirpopulation.C.Theconsequenceofdehorningthem. D.Theroleofarmedrangersinprotectingthem.13.Whichaspectofthedehornedrhinosdidthenewstudyfocuson?A.Theirsurvivalrisks. B.Theirgenderidentities.C.Theirinteractionhabits. D.Theirreproductionpatterns.14.Whatmightbetheresearchers’attitudetodehorningrhinos?A.Favorable. B.Tolerant. C.Unconcerned. D.Disapproving.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizethetext?A.Rhinonumbersdropdespiteprotection. B.Effortsaremadetoprotectblackrhinos.C.Dehorningaffectsrhinos’socialbehaviors. D.Hornsofrhinosareremovedformanyreasons.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。为了保护黑犀牛免受猎人捕杀，动物管理部门授权公园管理员割除许多犀牛的角。然而，一项新研究发现，这一做法可能对犀牛产生社会影响。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Previousresearchhasshownthatrhinosareunderthreatbyhuntersthatkillthemillegallyobtaintheirhorns,whichareapopularproduct.Inthisneweffort,theresearchteamfocusedontheblackrhinosthatliveinAfrica.Therearecurrentlyabout6200blackrhinosinAfrica,whichhavebeengivenprotectedstatus.Unfortunately,despitearmedrangers(护林员)watchingoverthem,theirnumbershavedroppedovertheyears.(先前的研究表明，犀牛受到猎人的威胁，这些猎人非法杀死犀牛，获取犀牛角，这是一种很受欢迎的产品。在这项新的研究中，研究小组把重点放在了生活在非洲的黑犀牛上。目前非洲大约有6200头黑犀牛，它们被赋予了保护地位。不幸的是，尽管有武装护林员保护它们，但它们的数量多年来一直在下降)”可知，本段主要讲述了黑犀牛的数量的减少。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“AteamofbiologistsfromtheUniversityofNeuchatel,workingwithstafffrommultipleinstitutionsinSouthAfrica,hasfoundthatremovinghorns(角)fromblackrhinos(犀牛)toprotectthemfromhuntersmayhavesocialimplicationsfortherhinos.(来自瑞士尼永大学的生物学家团队与南非多家机构的工作人员合作发现，为了保护黑犀牛免受猎人捕杀而割除其角可能会对这种犀牛产生社会影响)”以及文章最后一段“Theyfoundthatafterthelossofahorn,malerhinosgreatlyreducedtheirrange—somelostupto80%oftheirterritory.Forsomefemales,theteamreports,thereducedrangewasevengreater.Thegrouprepeatedtheirworkinnineotherreservesusing15yearsofdata-gatheringandfoundsimilarresults.Theresearchersalsofoundthattheremovalofhornsmadetheblackrhinoslesssocialwithoneanother-insteadofinteracting,theywouldintentionallyavoidoneanother.(他们发现，在失去一只角后，雄性犀牛的活动范围大大缩小，有些甚至失去了80%的领地。研究小组报告说，对一些雌性来说，缩小的范围甚至更大。该小组利用15年的数据收集，在其他9个保护区重复了他们的工作，发现了类似的结果。研究人员还发现，切除角使黑犀牛之间的社交性降低，它们会故意避开彼此，而不是互动)”可推测，新研究关注的是割角后犀牛的互动习惯。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Theyfoundthatafterthelossofahorn,malerhinosgreatlyreducedtheirrange—somelostupto80%oftheirterritory.Forsomefemales,theteamreports,thereducedrangewasevengreater.Thegrouprepeatedtheirworkinnineotherreservesusing15yearsofdata-gatheringandfoundsimilarresults.Theresearchersalsofoundthattheremovalofhornsmadetheblackrhinoslesssocialwithoneanother-insteadofinteracting,theywouldintentionallyavoidoneanother.(他们发现，在失去一只角后，雄性犀牛的活动范围大大缩小，有些甚至失去了80%的领地。研究小组报告说，对一些雌性来说，缩小的范围甚至更大。该小组利用15年的数据收集，在其他9个保护区重复了他们的工作，发现了类似的结果。研究人员还发现，切除角使黑犀牛之间的社交性降低，它们会故意避开彼此，而不是互动)”可知，研究人员发现割角对犀牛有社会影响，而且割角后犀牛的活动范围缩小，社交性降低，这些都暗示着研究者对割角持不赞同的态度。故选D。15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“AteamofbiologistsfromtheUniversityofNeuchatel,workingwithstafffrommultipleinstitutionsinSouthAfrica,hasfoundthatremovinghorns(角)fromblackrhinos(犀牛)toprotectthemfromhuntersmayhavesocialimplicationsfortherhinos.(来自瑞士尼永大学生物学家团队与南非多家机构的工作人员合作发现，为了保护黑犀牛免受猎人捕杀而割除其角可能会对这种犀牛产生社会影响)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了割除犀牛角对犀牛社会行为的影响。故选C项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项；选项中有两项为多余选项。Intoday’sfast-paceddigitalworld,electronicwaste,ore-waste,hasbecomeasignificantenvironmentalconcern.AccordingtotheGlobalE-wasteStatisticsPartnership(GESP),arecord53.6milliontonnesofe-wastewasproducedgloballyin2019,increasing21%injustfiveyears.By2050,thevolumeofe-wastecouldtop120milliontonnesannually.____16____Theimproperhandlingofitposesseriousthreatstotheenvironmentandhumanhealthbecauseofthepresenceofharmfulmaterialssuchasleadandmercury.____17____Itisduetotheirrapidlydevelopingbodies,includingtheirbreathing,immuneandcentralnervoussystems.Luckily,manycountriesareturningtotacklethee-wastechallenges.Theycommittospecializinginreconditioningelectronics,makingthemavailabletoconsumersatalowercost.____18____Bydoingso,valuablematerialssuchasgold,silver,andcoppercanbeextractedfromelectronicdevices,reducingtheneedforminingnewresources.Meanwhile,individualscanalsocontributetoe-wastehandlingbybeingmindfuloftheirelectronicconsumption.____19____Supportelectronicmanufacturerscommittedtogreentechnologiesaimingforasustainablecycleofproduction.Additionally,toensurethesafeandsecuredisposalofallsensitiveinformation,prioritizingdatasecurityine-wastedisposalisnecessary.____20____Doremembertoreducetheenvironmentalimpactsofelectronicproductsandshareagreenerandmoresustainablefuture.A.Itiseverysmallactionthatcounts.B.Preventionandmanagementareneeded.CThisincludesbuyingqualityproductsthatlastlonger.D.Recyclingeffortshavealsobecomeacrucialcomponent.E.However,currentlyonly17.4%ofitisrecycledresponsibly.F.Onlyasmallpercentageofe-wastehasbeenrecycledglobally.G.Childrenandpregnantwomenareespeciallyexposedtotheharm.【答案】16.E17.G18.D19.C20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电子垃圾的威胁、危害和解决办法等。【16题详解】空格前的句子“AccordingtotheGlobalE-wasteStatisticsPartnership(GESP),arecord53.6milliontonnesofe-wastewasproducedgloballyin2019,increasing21%injustfiveyears.By2050,thevolumeofe-wastecouldtop120milliontonnesannually.(根据全球电子废物统计伙伴关系（GESP）的数据，2019年全球产生了创纪录的5360万吨电子废物，在短短五年内增长了21%。到2050年，每年的电子垃圾总量将超过1.2亿吨。)”是说电子垃圾的数量增长快。而空格后的句子“Theimproperhandlingofitposesseriousthreatstotheenvironmentandhumanhealthbecauseofthepresenceofharmfulmaterialssuchasleadandmercury.(由于存在铅和汞等有害物质，对其处理不当对环境和人类健康构成严重威胁。)”说的是电子垃圾的不当处理带来的危害，所以空格处的句子应该提到对电子垃圾的处理不当问题，所以，E项“However,currentlyonly17.4%ofitisrecycledresponsibly.(然而，目前只有17.4%的垃圾被负责任地回收利用。)”填入空格处，与上文是转折关系，与下文是顺接关系。故选E项。【17题详解】根据空格后的句子“Itisduetotheirrapidlydevelopingbodies,includingtheirbreathing,immuneandcentralnervoussystems.(这是由于他们快速发育的身体，包括呼吸、免疫和中枢神经系统。)”提到的身体发育问题可知，空格处的句子应该涉及到处于身体发育阶段的群体，所以，G项“Childrenandpregnantwomenareespeciallyexposedtotheharm.(儿童和孕妇尤其容易受到伤害。)”填入空格后，符合语境。故选G项。【18题详解】空格前的句子“Theycommittospecializinginreconditioningelectronics,makingthemavailabletoconsumersatalowercost.(他们致力于专门修复电子产品，使消费者能够以更低的成本获得这些产品。)”是说有的国家通过电子产品的修复解决电子垃圾问题。而空格后的句子“Bydoingso,valuablematerialssuchasgold,silver,andcoppercanbeextractedfromelectronicdevices,reducingtheneedforminingnewresources.(通过这样做，可以从电子设备中提取有价值的材料，如金、银和铜，从而减少了开采新资源的需要。)”说的是从电子设备中提取材料的问题，所以空格处的句子应该涉及到电子垃圾的回收话题。所以，D项“Recyclingeffortshavealsobecomeacrucialcomponent.(回收工作也成为一个重要组成部分。)”填入空格处，与下文是顺接关系，符合语境。故选D项。【19题详解】空格前的句子“Meanwhile,individualscanalsocontributetoe-wastehandlingbybeingmindfuloftheirelectronicconsumption.(与此同时，个人也可以通过注意他们的电子消费来为电子废物处理做出贡献。)”提到个人也可以通过注意他们的电子消费来为电子废物处理做出贡献。空格处的句子应该接着说具体的做法。所以C项“Thisincludesbuyingqualityproductsthatlastlonger.(这包括购买耐用的高质量产品。)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选C项。【20题详解】根据空格后的呼吁“Doremembertoreducetheenvironmentalimpactsofelectronicproductsandshareagreenerandmoresustainablefuture.(谨记减少电子产品对环境的影响，共建更环保、更可持续发展的未来。)”可知，空格处的句子应该是强调从小事做起减少电子产品对环境的影响。所以，A项“Itiseverysmallactionthatcounts.(每一个微小的行动都很重要。)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选A项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题，每小题1分、满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iliveinasmalltown.Sometimeago,Inoticedthatineachelectioncycle,thesamecandidateswouldrunandgetelected,____21____.Thetownappearedinactive,withnothingchangingandnonewbusinessesorgrowth.Ioftenheardtheyoung____22____theyhadtogotoanothertowntohaveahamburgeratanewrestaurantor____23____theskateboardpark.SoI,adivorcedmotherofthree,considered____24____intheupcomingelectiontobecomeaTownTrustee.Igatheredmy____25____andpickedupapacketfromTownHallonrunningforelection.Iresearchedonlineand____26____friendstomakesureIchosethecorrectpetition(请愿书),filleditout____27____,andobtainedtherightnumberofsignaturesbeforesendingittoTownHallontime.LittledidIknowthatthiswouldbea(n)____28____decisionformeatthattime.Onceword____29____thatIwasrunning,Ibegantoreceivephonecallsfromfriendsofferingtoputmysignsontheirlawns.Onefriendevencreatedawebsiteto____30____myideasfor