预制菜进校园引争议（解析版）-2025中考时文阅读专项训练

27预制菜进校园引争议

“预制菜进校园”引争议，速冻饺子算是预制菜吗？

2023-09-2215:30•中国日报双语新闻

开学伊始，“预制菜进校园”引发公众关注。一些家长对预制菜的质量和安全表示

担忧。近日，江西某地多名中小学生家长发视频称，当地中央厨房给学生统一配送的午餐

速度慢、质量差。原本是中央厨房集中配餐质量不佳的个案，经网络发酵，尤其是自媒

体短视频和图片渲染，迅速转化为一场“预制菜能否进校园”的大讨论。预制菜由于方

便快捷逐渐进入大众视野，究竟什么是预制菜？营养价值怎么样？对人体有伤害吗？

家长和网友反对预制菜的原因主要集中于两个方面：

一是担忧预制菜的安全和质量。不少家长担忧，预制菜中添加剂过多或加工过程

中卫生条件不良，将给学生健康带来风险隐患。

二是质疑知情权和选择权难以得到保障。“涉及孩子长期健康的食品，是否使用预制

菜，学校必须公开透明，让大家可以选择、可以监督。”家长胡女士表示。

教育部、市场监管总局和国家卫生健康委发布的《学校食品安全与营养健康管理规定》

强调，学校在食品采购、食堂管理、供餐单位选择等重大事项上，应以适当方式听取家长委

员会或者学生代表大会、教职工代表大会意见，保障师生家长的知情权、参与权、选择权。

“现阶段预制菜进校园仍需谨慎。”中南大学公共管理学院讲师雷望红认为，统一

配送模式下，学校对食谱的调整空间较小。配送公司出于盈利考虑，会尽可能压缩成

本，选价格便宜的蔬菜，或通过大规模采购单一品种蔬菜来压价

编辑：田冉

来源：科普中国新华视点央视网

一、完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最

佳选项。

Atthebeginningoftheschoolyear,theintroductionofpre-mademealsinschoolsdrew

muchpublicattention.Someparentshaveexpressed]aboutthetasteandsafetyof

pre-mademeals.

Pre-cookedfoodhasbeenpreparedandcookedinadvance（提前）sothatitonlyneedstobe

heatedquicklybeforeeatingit.Suchfoodcanbedividedinto2maingroupsbasedon

thelevelofprocessingdifficulty:ready-to-assemble（即酉己），ready-to-cook,ready-to-heatand

ready-to-eat.Forexample,frozendumplings3needtobecookedinhotwaterbefore

eating,fallintothethirdgroup.Theseproductshavetheadvantageofalongshelflife（保存期）

andareconvenientforeating.

Whenitcomestochildren,however,redflags4.Adultsmaysometimeschoose

pre-mademealsfor5forconvenience,butveryfeweatthemeveryday,letalone（更不

用说）wanttheirchildrentodoso.Andsomeproductsmayhavecertainfoodadditives（食品添力口

齐[I）.Parentsworrythattheyare6totheirchildren'shealth.

Expertssaythatunderperfectconditions,pre-cookedfoodcanbetter7thequality

offood.Astechnologyimproves,mostbusinessesareusingnewtechnologies,8rapid

freezing,tokeepfoodfresh.Atthesametime,theyalsobelievethatpre-mademealsinschools

mustmeetsafetystandardsandfollowstrictentryprocesses.Andparentsshouldhaveachoice

aboutthefood.Theyalsosuggestthatclear9forpre-cookedfoodshouldbemadebefore

ifsintroducedtomorepeople.

Asayinggoes:Thefoodiswhatmatterstothepeople.Howtokeepthequalityandsafety

offoodisour10,weshouldpaymoreattentiontoit.

1.A.feelingsB.suggestionsC.worriesD.ideas

2.A.threeB.fourC.sixD.eight

3.A.whichB.whyC.whereD.what

4.A.areboughtB.arementionedC.aretoldD.areraised

5.A.themB.themselvesC.usD.ourselves

6.A.dangerousB.terribleC.harmfulD.affected

7.A.developB.controlC.solveD.grow

8.A.forexampleB.belongtoC.aswellasD.suchas

9.A.notesB.instructionsC.attentionsD.rules

10.A.educationB.dutyC.challengeD.decision

【答案】

1.C2.B3.A4.D5.B6.C7.A8.A9.D10.B

【知识点】食物、健康饮食

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了预制菜以及与其有关的安全问题。

1.句意：一些家长表达了对预制菜的味道和安全性的担忧。

feelings感觉；suggestions建议；worries担忧；ideas观点。根据下文“Parentsworrythatthey

are”可知此处表达家长的担心。故选C。

2.句意：这类食物可以根据加工难度的高低分为四组。

three三；four四；six六；eight八。根据“ready-to-assemble,ready-to-cook,ready-to-heatand

ready-to-eat.”可矢口是四种。故选B。

3.句意：例如，冷冻饺子需要在热水中煮熟后再食用。

which哪一个；why为什么；where哪儿；what什么。分析句子结构可知此处考查定语从句，

先行词是dumplings,指物，且在从句中作主语。故选A。

4.句意：然而，当涉及到儿童时，危险信号就会出现。

arebought被购买；arementioned被提到；aretold被告诉；areraised被抚养，被提出。根据

“Adultsmaysometimeschoosepre-mademeals...butveryfeweatthemeveryday,letalone

wanttheirchildrentodoso.”可知前面涉及儿童问题事，危险信号会被提出来。选D。

5.句意：为了方便起见，成年人有时会为自己选择预制菜。

them他们，宾格；themselves他们自己；us我们；ourselves我们自己。根据“Adultsmay

sometimeschoosepre-mademealsfor...forconvenience”可知为他们自己选择预制菜。故选B。

6.句意：父母担心它们对孩子的健康有害。

dangerous危险的；terrible可怕的；harmful伤害的；affected影响。根据"Andsomeproducts

mayhavecertainfoodadditives.”可知家长担心食品添加剂对孩子身体有害。故选C。

7.句意：专家说，在完美的条件下，预制菜可以更好地提高食物的质量。

develop发展，提高；control控制；solve解决；grow种植，生长。根据"thequalityoffdod”

可知能改善食物质量。故选A。

8.句意：随着技术的进步，大多数企业都在使用新的技术，例如，快速冷冻，来保持食物

的新鲜。

forexample例如;belongto属于;aswellas也;suchas例如。根据“newtechnologies''以及"rapid

freezing”可知此处是在举例子。故选A。

9.句意：他们还建议在将预制菜介绍给更多的人之前，应该制定明确的实用规则。

notes笔记；instructions说明；attentions注意；rules规贝!J。根据"Atthesametime,theyalso

believethatpre-mademealsinschoolsmustmeetsafetystandardsandfollowstrictentry

processes.”可知预制菜需要制定规则。故选D。

10.句意：如何保证食物的质量和安全是我们的职责，我们应该更加重视。

education教育；duty责任；challenge挑战；decision决定。根据“weshouldpaymoreattention

toit.”可知保证食品安全是我们的职责。故选B。

二、阅读理解

A

根据短文内容，从短文后的A〜F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。

Recently,somevideosshowedthatamiddleschoolinGanzhou,Jiangxi,servedpre-made

（预制的）mealstostudents.11Peoplewonderifpre-mademealsarehealthyandnutritious

（有营养的）enoughforteenagers.

12Thereareseveralkindsofpre-madefoods,includingready-to-eatfoodlike

cookedfoodinpackages（包装盒），andready-to-heatorready-to-cookfood.Manypeoplethink

thatready-to-heatandready-to-cookfoodsarelesshealthybecausetheyusuallyneedtobekeptin

freezingplaces.

"Actually,freezingdoesnotcausealossofnutrients,9,anexpertsaid."13But

pre-madefoodscanbelessnutritiousthanfreshonesbybeingheatedorcookedtwiceormore.^^

Atthesametime,manypre-madefoodcompanies（公司）wanttheirfoodtohaveagood

taste.Sotheyaddmoresaltandsugartotheirfood,whichmayleadtohealthproblemsinthelong

term.

Additives（添力□齐!j）arealsoabigworryaboutpre-madefood.14AndnowChina

haswell-developedtechnologytostorepre-madefood.Socompaniesdon'tneedtooveruse

additives.However,it'sstillnecessarytobuypre-mademealsfromqualified（合格的）food

companiesorsupermarkets.

“15Thisway,pre-mademealswillbemoreaccepted（可接受的）bythepublic,said

theexpert.

A.Thisledtoheateddiscussionsacrossthecountry.

B.ButinChina,therearestrictrulesfortheuseofthem.

C.Andnutrientsarelostduringtheprocessofheatingorfrying（油炸）.

D.Freezingcankeepthefoodingoodconditionforalongtimeinstead.

E.Wehopethattherulesonpre-mademealscanbeearnedoutstrictly.

F.Pre-mademealsmeanhalf-finishedorfinisheddishesthatarealreadypreparedorcooked.

【答案】ILA12.F13.D14.B15.E

【知识点】食物、健康饮食、说明文

【导语】本文主要讲述了有关于中国江西赣州一所中学给学生提供预制菜而引发的热议，并

详细介绍了预制菜的相关情况。

11.根据空后“Peoplewonderifpre-mademealsarehealthyandnutritiousenoughforteenagers.95

可知，这是在讨论预制菜的问题。选项A“这在全国范围内引发了激烈的讨论。”符合语境。

故选Ao

12.根据空后“Thereareseveralkindsofpre-madefoods,includingready-to-eatfoodlikecooked

foodinpackages,andready-to-heatorready-to-cookfbod.”可知，这是在讲述预制菜的分类。选

项『预制菜意味着已经准备好的或煮熟的菜肴。”符合语境。故选F。

13.根据空前“Actually,freezingdoesnotcausealossofnutrients”可知，这里是在讲述冷冻与

营养物质流失之间的关系。选项D“相反冷冻可以让食物保存很长时间。”符合语境。故选D。

14.根据空后“AndnowChinahaswell-developedtechnologytostorepre-madefood.So

companiesdon*tneedtooveruseadditives.”可知，这里是在讲述中国对于添加剂的使用。选项

B“但在中国，对它们的使用有严格的规定。”符合语境。故选B。

15.根据空后“Thisway,pre-mademealswillbemoreacceptedbythepublic”可知，这里是说什

么情况预制菜会被大众所接受。选项E“我们希望有关预制饭菜的规定能够严格执行。”符合

语境。故选E。

B

Peoplewanttoknowifpre-mademealsarehealthyenoughforteenagers.Thereareseveral

kindsofpre-madefoods:ready-to-eatfood,suchascannedfoodorcookedfoodinpackages,and

ready-to-heatorready-to-cookfood.Thesefoodsusuallyrequireheatingorcookingfirstbefore

beingserved.

Manypeoplethinkthatpre-madefoodsarelesshealthybecausetheyusuallyneedtobe

keptinfridges."Infact,freezingitselfdoesnotcausenutrition（营养）loss,"LiuJunya,a

33-year-oldprofessorindietinBeijingsaid."Butnutritionlossdoeshappenwhenweheatorfry

thefood.VitaminsBandCinmeatandvegetablescanbelostduringthatprocess.Bybeing

heatedorcookedtwiceorpartypre-madefoodscanbelessnutritiousthanfreshlypreparedand

cookedfoods,Liusaid.

“Besides,manypre-madefoodcompaniesputthetasteoffoodaheadofnutrition,saidLiu.

Thisleadstohigherlevelofsaltandsugarinthefoodandpaycauseserioushealthproblemsin

thelongterm.

Additives（添力□齐ll）areanotherproblemrelatedtopre-madefoods.Theyareonlyusedto

improvetheflavorofthefood,increaseitsshelflife,andcolorit.InChina,foodindustryhas

alreadyhadmodemtechnologytokeeppre-madekidswithoutanyadditives.Butifsnecessary

thatcustomersonlybuypre-madebooksfrombigandqualified（有资质的）foodcompaniesor

supermarkets.

Itishopedthatlawsonpre-mademealscanensurebetternutritionandhygiene（卫生）.“In

thiswaywehopepre-mademealswillbeacceptedbymore.Butatpresent,noonecanLiu

said.

16.Inwhichpicturewecan'tseethepre-mademeals?

A.

17.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ensure“probablymeaninParagraph5?

A.Makesureof.B.Getoutof.C.Havetodowith.D.Beknownfor.

18.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Additivesaregoodforfoodindustryandourhealth.

B.Foodusuallylosenutritionwhenitiskeptinfridges.

C.Forhealth,nutritionismoreimportantthanthetasteofthefood.

D.Onlybigfoodcompaniesorsupermarketsservepre-madefoods.

19.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.InChina,peopledon'tuseadditives.

B.Manypeoplethinkpre-mademealsarehealthier.

C.Peopleworryaboutteenagers5healthbecauseofpre-mademeals.

D.Pre-mademealsarepopularandacceptedbypeoplenow.

20.Whafsthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.HowtoMakePre-madeMeals

B.ArePre-madeMealsHealthyEnough?

C.Pre-madeMealsAreHealthy

D.Pre-madeMealsArePopular

【答案】16.D17.A18.C19.C20.B

【知识点】食物、科普知识、议论文

【导语】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了预制餐食品的健康问题。

16.细节理解题。根据"Thereareseveralkindsofpre-madefoods:ready-to-eatfood,suchas

cannedfoodorcookedfoodinpackages,andready-to-heatorready-to-cookfood.“可知，预制食

品包括即食食品，如罐头食品或包装中的熟食，以及即热或即煮食品。选项D是新鲜蔬菜，

不是预制食品，故选D。

17.词句猜测题o根据"lawsonpre-mademealscanensurebetternutritionandhygiene”可知,

预制食品相关法律的完善是为了保证预制食品更好的营养和卫生，可推测ensure与make

sureof意思相近。故选A。

18.细节理解题。根据"Besides,manypre-madefoodcompaniesputthetasteoffoodaheadof

nutrition...Thisleadstohigherlevelofsaltandsugarinthefoodandpaycauseserioushealth

problemsinthelongterm”可知，许多预制食品公司把食物味道的重要性置于营养之上，导致

食物中的盐和糖含量升高,从长期来看,这会造成严重的健康问题。因此不能片面追求味道，

为了健康，营养是更加重要的。故选C。

19.推理判断题。根据“Peoplewanttoknowifpre-mademealsarehealthyenoughforteenagers”

以及“Manypeoplethinkthatpre-madefoodsarelesshealthy”可知，人们认为预制食品不太健

康，由于营养流失以及添加剂的问题，人们会担心青少年食用之后的健康问题。故选C。

20.最佳标题题。根据“Peoplewanttoknowifpre-mademealsarehealthyenoughforteenagers”

并结合全文可知，本文在议论预制食品的健康问题。故选B。

C

Lastyear,aprimaryschoolinJiangxiProvincemadeadecision.Itwouldnolongerprepare

mealsinitsowncanteen（食堂）.Instead,itwouldserveitsstudentspre-made（预由！J的）food.The

movequicklybecameahottopicacrossthecountry.Manyparentssaidthattheywereworried

aboutfoodsafety.Someofthemevensenthomemademealstoschoolatlunchtimeeveryday.

TheMinistryofEducationwarnsagainstintroducingpre-mademealstoschools.Thafs

mainlybecausetherearenotyetanynationalstandardsforsuchfood.Themarketforpre-made

mealshasbeendevelopingquicklyoverthepastfewyears.In2022,thereweremorethan60,000

relatedcompaniesinChina.Andthenumberisstillgrowing.By2026,themarketwillhave

reachedmorethanonetrillionyuan.Whathasmadepre-mademealssopopular?Theyhavemany

advantages.They'requickandconvenienttoprepare.Theyalsohavealongshelflife（保存期）.

However,parents5worriesarenotwithoutreason.Pre-madefoodmaybeacceptableeverynow

andthen,butfewpeopleeatiteveryday.Naturally,parentsdon'twanttheirchildrentodoso,

either.

Infact,pre-mademealsareallpreparedbycentralkitchens.They5renotnecessarily

unhealthycomparedwithfreshlycookedfood.Theproblemishowtomakesurethesecompanies

followallthehygiene（卫生）ruleswhentheycookandstorefood.Fornow,thepre-madefood

industrystillhasalongwaytogo.

21.Whafsthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?

A.Toaskaquestion.B.Toleadtothemaintopic.C.Todrawaconclusion.

22.WhyistheMinistryofEducationagainstpre-mademeals?

A.Becauseitthinksthatpre-madefoodisnotsafe.

B.Becausepre-mademealsarenotsohealthyashomemademeals.

C.Becausenonationalstandardsaresetforpre-madefood.

23.Whatdoparentsthinkofpre-mademealsaccordingtoParagraph2?

A.Quickandconvenient.B.Tastyandhealthy.C.Worryingandunacceptable.

24.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Notallthecompaniesfollowthehygienerules.

B.Pre-mademealsareashealthyasfreshlycookedfood.

C.Pre-mademealsareallpreparedinschoolkitchens.

25.Whereisthepassagemostlikelyfrom?

A.Anewspaper.B.Asciencemagazine.C.Ahealthreport.

【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.A25.A

【知识点】食物、青少年问题、议论文

【导语】本文主要是关于学校食堂改为预制食品的决定及其引发的争议。

21.推理判断题。通读首段可知，首段的目的是引出主题，即关于学校食堂改为预制食品的

决定及其引发的争议。故选B。

22.细节理解题。根据"TheMinistryofEducationwarnsagainstintroducingpre-mademealsto

schools.That'smainlybecausetherearenotyetanynationalstandardsforsuchfood”可知,教育

部反对预制食品进入校园的主要原因是没有为预制食品设定全国标准。故选Co

23.细节理解题。根据"Manyparentssaidthattheywereworriedaboutfoodsafety.Someofthem

evensenthomemademealstoschoolatlunchtimeeveryday”可知，家长们对预制食品的看法是

担忧和无法接受。故选C。

24.推理判断题。根据"Theproblemishowtomakesurethesecompaniesfollowallthehygiene

（卫生）ruleswhentheycookandstorefood”可知，问题是如何确保这些公司在烹饪和储存食物

时遵守所有卫生规则。由此可推测出，并非所有的公司都遵守卫生规则。故选A。

25.推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要是关于学校食堂改为预制食品的决定及其引

发的争议，因此可能来源于报纸。故选A。

D

Lastyear,aprimaryschoolinJiangxiProvincemadeadecision.Itwouldnolongerprepare

mealsinitsowncanteen（食堂）.Instead,itwouldserveitsstudentspre-made（预制的）food.The

movequicklybecameahottopicacrossthecountry.Manyparentssaidthattheywereworried

aboutfoodsafety.Someofthemevensenthomemademealstoschoolatlunchtimeeveryday.

TheMinistryofEducationwarnsagainstintroducingpre-mademealstoschools.Thafs

mainlybecausetherearenotyetanynationalstandardsforsuchfood.Themarketforpre-made

mealshasbeendevelopingquicklyoverthepastfewyears.In2022,thereweremorethan60,000

relatedcompaniesinChina.Andthenumberisstillgrowing.By2026,themarketwillhave

reachedmorethanonetrillionyuan.Whathasmadepre-mademealssopopular?Theyhavemany

advantages.They'requickandconvenienttoprepare.Theyalsohavealongshelflife（保存期）.

However,parents5worriesarenotwithoutreason.Pre-madefoodmaybeacceptableeverynow

andthen,butfewpeopleeatiteveryday.Naturally,parentsdon'twanttheirchildrentodoso,

either.

Infact,pre-mademealsareallpreparedbycentralkitchens.They'renotnecessarily

unhealthycomparedwithfreshlycookedfood.Theproblemishowtomakesurethesecompanies

followallthehygiene（卫生）ruleswhentheycookandstorefood.Fornow,thepre-madefood

industrystillhasalongwaytogo.

26.Whafsthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?

A.Toaskaquestion.B.Toleadtothemaintopic.

C.Todrawaconclusion.D.Toraiseaproblem.

27.WhyistheMinistryofEducationagainstpre-mademeals?

A.Becauseitthinksthatpre-madefoodisnotsafe.

B.Becausepre-mademealsarenotsohealthyashomemademeals.

C.Becausenonationalstandardsaresetforpre-madefood.

D.Becausepre-mademealsaretooexpensive.

28.Whatdoparentsthinkofpre-mademealsaccordingtoParagraph2?

A.Quickandconvenient.B.Tastyandhealthy.

C.Tastelessandunsafe.D.Worryingandunacceptable.

29.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Notallthecompaniesfollowthehygienerules.

B.Pre-mademealsareashealthyasfreshlycookedfood.

C.Pre-mademealsareallpreparedinschoolkitchens.

D.Themarketofpre-mademealsisasuccess.

30.Whereisthepassagemostlikelyfrom?

A.Anewspaper.B.Asciencemagazine.

C.Ahealthreport.D.Acookbook.

【答案】26.B27.C28.D29.A30.A

【知识点】食物、说明文

【导语】本文主要是关于学校食堂改为预制食品的决定及其引发的争议。

26.推理判断题。首段的目的是引出主题，即关于学校食堂改为预制食品的决定及其引发的

争议，故选B。

27.细节理解题。根据"TheMinistryofEducationwarnsagainstintroducingpre-mademealsto

schools.Thafsmainlybecausetherearenotyetanynationalstandardsforsuchfbod.“可知，教育

部反对预制食品进入校园的主要原因是没有为预制食品设定全国标准，故选Co

28.细节理解题。根据"Manyparentssaidthattheywereworriedaboutfoodsafety.Someofthem

evensenthomemademealstoschoolatlunchtimeeveryday.”可知，家长们对预制食品的看法是

担忧和无法接受，故选D。

29.推理判断题。根据"Theproblemishowtomakesurethesecompaniesfollowallthehygiene

（卫生）ruleswhentheycookandstorefood.”可知，问题是如何确保这些公司在烹饪和储存食

物时遵守所有卫生规则。由此推测并非所有的公司都遵守卫生规则，故选A。

30.推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文就一个社会现象并对此进行了讨论，因此可能来

源于报纸，故选A。

三、任务型阅读

根据短文内容，用符合语意及语法规则的词填空，每空一词。

StandardsNeededforPre-MadeFood

Atthebeginningofthisterm,anelementaryschoolinJiangxiProvinceannounceda

decision.Itwouldnolongerpreparemealsinitsowncanteen.Instead,itwouldserveitsstudents

pre-madefood.Themovequicklycausedadiscussionacrossthecountry.Manyparentssaidthat

theywereworriedaboutfoodsafety.Someofthemevendeliverhomemademealstoschoolat

lunchtimeeveryday.

LaterinSeptember,theMinistryofEducation（教育部）madeastatement.Itwarned

againstintroducingpre-mademealstoschoolsforthemoment.Thafsmainlybecausethereare

notyetanynationalstandardsforsuchfood.

Themarketforpre-mademealshasbeendevelopingquicklyoverthepastfewyears.In

2022,thereweremorethan60,000relatedcompaniesinChina.Andthenumberisstillgrowing.

By2026,themarketwillhavereachedmorethanonetrillionyuan.

Whathasmadepre-mademealssopopular?Theyhaveobviousadvantages.They'requick

andconvenienttoprepare.Theyalsohavealongshelflife（保存期）.However,parents5worries

arenotwithoutreason.Pre-madefoodmaybeacceptableeverynowandthen,butfewpeopleeat

iteveryday.Naturally,theydon'twanttheirchildrentodoso,either.

Infact,pre-mademealsareallpreparedbycentralkitchens.They'renotnecessarily

unhealthycomparedwithfreshlycookedfood.Theproblemishowtomakesurethatthese

companiesfollowalltheruleswhentheycookandstorefood.Fornow,thepre-madefood

industrystillhasalongwaytogo.

31.ManyparentsareworriedaboutthefoodissafeornotafteraJiangxischool

announceditwouldn'tstudentswithmealsmadebyitsowncanteen.

32.Therearenonationalstandardsforpre-food,theEducationalMinistrywarnagainst

pre-foodintocampusat.

33.Withthequickofpre-cookedfood,theindustry'srapidgrowthratecan

over1trillionyuaninjustafewyears.

34.pre-foodmealsissopopularandhavemany,parentsstillwouldn'tliketheir

childrentoeatit.

35.Actually,withfreshlycookedfood,pre-mademealspreparedbycentralkitchensare

notnecessarilyunhealthy.Themostimportantthingistoensurefoodsafety.

【答案】31.whetherprovide/serve32.sopresent

33.developmentreach34.Although/Thoughadvantages

35.comparedhow

【知识点】食物、议论文

【导语】本文以江西一所小学决定向学生提供预制食物为切入点，对预制食物市场现状、流

行的原因及安全性等方面进行了讨论。

31.根据“anelementaryschoolinJiangxiProvinceannouncedadecision.Itwouldnolonger

preparemealsinitsowncanteen...Manyparentssaidthattheywereworriedaboutfoodsafbty.“可

知，江西一所小学宣布不再在自己的餐厅为孩子准备餐食之后，很多父母担心预制食物的

安全性；分析题干给出的句子，第一空需填入的词引导宾语从句，所以，此处表达的应该是：

很多父母担心是否这个食物是安全的，第一空需填入whether引导宾语从句；“不再为孩子

准备餐食”也就是“不为孩子提供餐食”，所以，第二空provide“提供”和serve“提供”都符合题

意，wouldn't后£艮动词原形。故填whether；provide/serveo

32,根据"Itwarnedagainstintroducingpre-mademealstoschoolsforthemoment.Thatymainly

becausetherearenotyetanynationalstandardsforsuchfood.“可知，教育部之所以警告将预制

餐引入校园是因为目前还没有任何关于这些食物的国家标准；结合题干可知，"Thereareno

nationalstandardsforpre-fbod”为因，"heEducationalMinistrywarnagainstpre-fbodintocampus”

为果，第一空so“所以”符合题意；根据第二空前的“at”可知，此处考查短语atpresent“目前”。

故填so；presento

33.根据文章第三段"Whathasmadepre-mademealssopopular?...Pre-madefoodmaybe

acceptableeverynowandthen,butfewpeopleeatiteveryday.Naturally,theydon'twanttheir

childrentodoso,either."可知，预制食物发展迅速，这个产业快速增长的速度在几年后可以

超过1万亿；结合题干给出的句子，“Withthequick...ofpre-cookedfbod”可知，此处表达的

是：随着预制食物的快速发展，第一空development“发展”符合题意；第二空根据空前的情

态动词"can”可知，此处需填入动词原形，reach"达到''符合语境。故填development；reach。

34.根据“Theyhaveobviousadvantages...Naturally,theydon'twanttheirchildren

todoso,either."可知，尽管预制食物很受欢迎，且有很多优点，但父母还是不想让他们的孩

子吃它；结合题干可知，“…pre-foodmealsissopopularandhavemany...”为句子的让步状语，

第一空Although“尽管”或Though“尽管”都符合题意；第二空根据空前的“many”可知，此处

填填入复数名词，advantages“优点”符合题意。故填Although/Though；advantageso

35.根据"Infact,pre-mademealsareallpreparedbycentralkitchens...Theproblemishowto

makesurethatthesecompaniesfollowalltheruleswhentheycookandstorefbod.”可知，对比新

鲜烹饪的食物，由中央厨房准备的预制餐食不一定不健康。最重要的事情是如何确保食物安

全；结合题干可知，”...withfleshlycookedfood；'作状语，表“当与新烹饪的食物对比时”，第

一空过去分词compared“对比”符合题意；根据“…toensurefoodsafety”可知，此处表达的是：

如何确保食品安全，howtodosth.“如何做某事"。故填compared；how。

四、短文填空

A

短文填空

Peoplewanttoknowifpre-mademealsarehealthyenoughforteenagers.Pre-mademeals

refertohalf-finishedorfinisheddishesthatarealreadycookedorprepared,accordingtotheChina

CuisineAssociation（中国烹饪协会）.Thesefoodsusuallyr36heatingorcookingfirst

beforebeingserved.

Manypeoplethinkthatpre-madefoodsarelesshealthybecausetheyusuallyneedtobekept

inf37Infact,freezingitselfdoesnotcausenutrition（营养）loss,^^LiuJunya,a33-year-old

professorindietinBeijingsaid."Butnutritionlosshappensw38weheatorfrythefood.

VitaminsBandCinmeatandvegetablescanbelostduringthatprocess.Bybeingheatedor

cookedt39ormore,pre-madefoodscanbelessnutritiousthanfreshlypreparedandcooked

foods,Liusaid.

“Besides,manypre-madefoodcompaniesputthet40offoodaheadofnutrition,9,said

Liu.Thisleadstoh41levelofsaltandsugarinthefoodandmaycauseserioushealth

problemsinthelongterm.

Additives（添力□齐!j）arealsorelatedtopre-madefoods.Theyaremainlyusedtoi42the

flavourofthefood,aswellastokeepit,increaseitsshelflife,andcolorit.InChina,foodindustry

hasalreadyhadmoderntechnologytokeeppre-madefoodsw43additives.Inthisway

somefoodcanbekeptforalongertime.Butit'snecessarythatc44onlybuypre-made

foodsfrombigandqualified(有资质的)foodcompaniesorsupermarkets.

Itishopedthatlawsonpre-mademealscanensurebetternutritionandhygiene(卫生).“In

thisway,wehopepre-mademealswillbea45bymorepeopleandwillbringconvenience

insteadofworriestopeople.Butatpresent,noonecantell.^^Liusaid.

【答案】

36.(r)equire37.(f)ridges38.(w)hen39.(t)wice40.(t)aste41.(h)igher

42.(i)mprove43.(w)ithout44.(c)ustomers45.(a)ccepted

【知识点】食物、健康饮食

【导语】本文是议论文。针对预制菜对于青少年来说是否健康进行谈论。

36.句意:这些食物通常需要在上菜前先加热或烹饪。根据"heatingorcookingfirstbefore

beingserved.”和首字母提示可知这些食物需要加热，“require”符合题意，上下文可知用一般

现在时，主语为“thesefoods”，故动词用原形。故填(r)equire。

37.句意：许多人认为预制食品不太健康，因为它们通常需要保存在冰箱。根据"becausethey

usuallyneedtobekeptin”和首字母提示可知，把食物放在冰箱里，"fiidge”符合题意，此处用

复数。故填⑴ridges。

38.句意：但是当我们加热或油炸食物时，营养就会流失。根据"weheatorfrythefood”和首

字母提示可知，加热的时候，营养流失了，when“当...时”符合句意，故填(w)hen。

39.句意：通过加热或烹饪两次或两次以上，预制食品的营养价值可能低于新鲜准备和烹饪

的食品。根据"ormore”和首字母提示可知，讲述加热次数,twice"两次”符合句意，故填(t)wice。

40.句意：此外，许多预制食品公司将食物的味道置于营养之上。根据“aheadofnutrition”

和首字母提示可知，将食物的味道置于营养之上，taste“味道”符合句意，故填(t)aste。

41.句意：这会导致食物中的盐和糖含量升高，从长远来看可能会导致严重的健康问题。根

据“levelofsaltandsugar”和首字母提示可知，导致更高的含盐和含糖水平，higher"更高的”

符合句意，故填(h)igher。

42.句意：它们主要用于改善食物的味道，以及保存食物，延长食物的保质期，并给食物上

色。根据"theflavourofthefood”和首字母提示可知，讲述添加剂可以改善味道等，beused

to“被用来做某事”，因此动词原形improve“改善”符合句意，故填⑴mprove。

43.句意：在中国，食品工业已经有了现代技术来保持预制食品不含添加剂。根据“keep

pre-madefoods”和首字母提示可知，不含有添加剂，without“没有”符合句意，故填(w)itho