贵州省安顺市2024-2025学年高一上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题

全市普通高中2024~2025学年度第一学期期末教学质量监测考试高一英语试题注意事项：1．本试卷共10页，共4个部分，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3．请在答题卡相应位置作答，在试卷上作答无效。第I卷（选择题）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whowilltakecareofthewoman’scats?A．Julie.B．Theman.C．Thepethotel.2．Whichisthewoman’sfavoriteseason?A．Spring.B．Summer.C．Winter.3．Whydoesthewomanwanttocallherfather?A．Sheissick.B．Shewillgohomelate.C．Shewon’tbebackhometoday.4．Whenwillthemanreadthespeech?A．Tonight.B．Tomorrow.C．Nextweek.5．WhatarethespeakersgoingtodothisSaturday?A．Openarestaurant.B．Visitapark.C．Goforadrive.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatdoesthemanthinkofkeepingdiaries?A．Great.B．Difficult.C．Colorful.7．Whatdidthewomandreamaboutlastnight?A．Flyinginthesky.B．Climbingamountain.C．Swimminginthesea.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inaclothingstore.B．Inaphotoshop.C．Inarestaurant.9．Whatcoloraretheman’sshoes?A．Blue.B．Black.C．White.10．Whatwillthemandonext?A．Havelunchwithafriend.B．Sharehisphotos.C．Shoponline.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Whatisthemainideaoftheconversation?A．Howtostopclimatechange.B．Howtousegreenpower.C．Howtoplanttrees.12．Whomightthemanbe?A．Adoctor.B．ATVhost.C．Afactoryowner.13．Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?A．Growingflowers.B．Closingfactories.C．Drivinggreencars.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Fatheranddaughter.B．Teacherandstudent.C．Salespersonandcustomer.15．Whatdoesthemansuggestbuyingforthewoman?A．Atextbook.B．Aputer.C．Adesk.16．Howmuchcanthewomanspend?A．About$100.B．About$200.C．About$300.17．Wherewillthewomanfinishherhomework?A．Inthekitchen.B．Inthebedroom.C．Inthelivingroom.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．WhatisJimMacy?A．Acook.B．Awaiter.C．Arestaurantowner.19．Whodoestherestauranthopetohelp?A．Peoplewhoarefat.B．Peoplewholiveonthestreets.C．Peoplewhowanttolearntocook.20．Whatcancustomersdotohelptheworkers?A．Enjoythemeals.B．Offerthemplacestolivein.C．Makedonations.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHereareamazingwinterfestivalsheldinsomeplacesaroundtheworld.Enjoythemagicofwintercelebrations!InternationalSnowSculpture(雕塑)ChampionshipsAmericaThiswinterfestivalhasbeencelebratedformanyyears.Teamsofartistsfromaroundtheworldmustpetetocarve25tonblocksofsnowintoworksofartthemselves.Therearenopowertoolsallowed!Theresultisanoutdoorartgallery(画廊)indowntownBreckenridge.The34thyearlySnowSculptureChampionshipsrunfromJanuary22toJanuary26,andtheartgalleryisopenfromJanuary26toJanuary31.KirunaSnowFestivalSwedenTheDiscovererexplainsthatthissnowfestival,whichbeganin1986,isheldinKiruna,deepinsidetheArcticCircle.Themainpartofthefestivalisasnowsculptingpetitionthatincludesartistsfromaroundtheworld.Butthereareplentyofactivitiestokeepvisitorsbusyduringthepetition,includingsledding(乘雪橇),figureskatingandasnowblowercontestwheretheyworktoseewhocanclearapaththrougha40cmdeeppileofsnow.ThefestivaltakesplacefromJanuary24toJanuary28.IceMagicFestivalCanadaTheIceMagicFestivalhasbeentakingplaceinLakeLouiseforover20years,accordingtoWorldAtlas.ThepetitionrunsfromJanuary29toFebruary1andfromFebruary2toFebruary4.Thefinalartworksaredisplayedforvisitorswhohaveanopportunitytotakepartinotheractivitiesincludingfreestyleicesculptingandicegames.Youmusthaveticketstoattend.1.WhatisamustforartistsattendingInternationalSnowSculptureChampionships?A.Showingtheirartsindoors. B.Carvingsnowintoartworksbyhand.C.Havingtheirownartgalleries. D.Usingsomepowertoolstomakearts.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoatKirunaSnowFestival?A.Organizeactivities. B.Createicesculptureswithartists.C.Attendarttrainingcourses. D.Takepartinasnowblowercontest.3.Whatdothethreefestivalshaveinmon?A.Theycoverpetitions. B.Theylastonemonth.C.Theyincludeiceactivities. D.TheytakeplaceinAmericancountries.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了世界上的三个冬季节日。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据InternationalSnowSculpture(雕塑)ChampionshipsAmerica中关键句“Teamsofartistsfromaroundtheworldmustpetetocarve25tonblocksofsnowintoworksofartthemselves.(来自世界各地的艺术家团队必须比赛亲自把25吨重的雪雕刻成艺术品)”可知，参加国际雪雕锦标赛的艺术家必须手工将雪雕刻成艺术品。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据KirunaSnowFestivalSweden中关键句“Butthereareplentyofactivitiestokeepvisitorsbusyduringthepetition,includingsledding(乘雪橇),figureskatingandasnowblowercontestwheretheyworktoseewhocanclearapaththrougha40cmdeeppileofsnow.(但比赛期间还有很多活动让游客忙碌，包括乘雪橇、花样滑冰和雪地清扫比赛，对于雪地清扫比赛，游客们要看谁能在40厘米深的雪堆中清理出一条路来)”可知，在KirunaSnowFestival节日中，游客们可以参加雪地清扫比赛。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据InternationalSnowSculpture(雕塑)ChampionshipsAmerica中关键句“Teamsofartistsfromaroundtheworldmustpetetocarve25tonblocksofsnowintoworksofartthemselves.

(来自世界各地的艺术家团队必须比赛亲自把25吨重的雪雕刻成艺术品)”；KirunaSnowFestivalSweden中关键句“Themainpartofthefestivalisasnowsculptingpetitionthatincludesartistsfromaroundtheworld.

(该节日的主要部分是包括来自世界各地的艺术家的雪雕比赛)”及IceMagicFestivalCanada中关键句“ThepetitionrunsfromJanuary29toFebruary1andfromFebruary2toFebruary4.(比赛时间为1月29日至2月1日和2月2日至4日)”可知，三个节日都包含着比赛。故选A项。BWhataday!Thatmorning,Iwasworriedthatnoonewouldtalktome.ButIwaswrong.Ididn’tfeelawkwardorfrightenedatallonthefirstdayofseniorhighschool.Imissmyfriendsfromjuniorhighschool,butIbelieveIwillmakenewfriendshereandthere’salottoexploreatseniorhighschool.IfeelmuchmoreconfidentthanIfeltthatmorning.MynameisAdamandI’mafreshmanatseniorhighschool.Goingfromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschoolisareallybigchallenge.Thefirstweekwasalittleconfusing.First,IhadtothinkverycarefullyaboutwhichcoursesIwantedtotake.Theschooladviserhelpedmechoosethesuitableonesfrommaths,English,chemistry,worldhistory,Chineseandsoon.IknowthatChineseisaverydifficultlanguage,butIhopetobefluentwhenIgraduate.MyadviserremendedthatIshouldsignupforadvancedliteraturebecauseIlikeEnglishandI’mgoodatit.Ihadtochooseextracurricularactivities,too.Itriedtojointheschoolfootballteam,butthecoachtoldmethatIdidn’tplaywellenough.Obviously,Iwasunhappy,butIwon’tquit.I’llfindawaytoimproveonmyownsothatIcanmaketheteamnextyear.Ijoinedavolunteerclubinstead.EveryWednesday,weworkatasoupkitchenandhandoutfoodtohomelesspeopleinthemunity.IknowI’llhavetostudyharderasaseniorhighschoolstudentandgetusedtobeingresponsibleforalotmore.I’mabitworriedaboutkeepingupwiththeotherstudentsinmyadvancedcourses,andit’llbequitedifficulttogetusedtoallthehomework.Still,I’mhappytobehere.Studyinghardisn’talwaysfun,butI’llbewellpreparedforuniversityorwhateverelseesinthefuture.4.Howdidtheauthorfeelafterthefirstmorningofseniorhighschool?A.Confident. B.Disappointed. C.Frightened. D.Anxious.5.Whichcoursedidtheschooladviserremendtheauthortotake?A.Maths. B.Literature. C.Chinese. D.Chemistry.6.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A.ThecoachadvisedAdamtojoinavolunteerclub.B.Adamdecidedtomaketheteamthenextyear.C.Adamhandedoutfoodtothestudentsintheschool.D.ThecoachhelpedAdampracticeplayingfootball.7.WhichofthefollowingwordscandescribeAdam?A.Shallow. B.Negative. C.Positive. D.Dependent.【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者亚当进入高中后的经历和感受，包括选课、参加课外活动以及面对挑战的决心等。【4题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中“Ididn’tfeelawkwardorfrightenedatallonthefirstdayofseniorhighschool.(在高中第一天，我一点也不觉得尴尬或害怕)”和“IfeelmuchmoreconfidentthanIfeltthatmorning.(我比那天早上更有信心了)”可知，作者在高中的第一个早晨之后感到更有信心了。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中“MyadviserremendedthatIshouldsignupforadvancedliteraturebecauseIlikeEnglishandI’mgoodatit.(我的顾问建议我报名参加高级文学课程，因为我喜欢英语，而且我很擅长)”可知，学校顾问建议作者选高级文学这门课程。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中“Itriedtojointheschoolfootballteam,butthecoachtoldmethatIdidn’tplaywellenough.Obviously,Iwasunhappy,butIwon’tquit.I’llfindawaytoimproveonmyownsothatIcanmaketheteamnextyear.(我试图加入学校足球队，但教练告诉我我踢得不够好。显然，我很不开心，但我不会放弃。我会找到一种方法来提高自己，这样我明年就可以进入球队了)”可知，虽然作者加入足球队失败了，但他下定决心明年加入球队。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。由全文和最后一段中“Still,I’mhappytobehere.Studyinghardisn’talwaysfun,butI’llbewellpreparedforuniversityorwhateverelseesinthefuture.(不过，我很高兴能来这里。努力学习并不总是很有趣，但我会为大学或未来的任何事情做好准备)”可知，第一天适应良好，未被足球队录取后主动寻找其他活动（志愿者俱乐部），对学业挑战保持信心，可得出Adam对于高中生活持积极态度。故选C项。CIn2050,London’sclimatewillfeelmorelikeBarcelona’s,accordingtoanewclimatechangestudy.IfyouthinkpeopleinLondonwillhavemoresunshine,cheaperfruitsandnoneedtobringanumbrellaatanytime,thinkagain.Londoncouldbefacingseveredrought,asBarcelonadidin2008,whenitnearlyranoutofdrinkingwater.Hundredsofothermajorcitiesworldwidecouldbefacingdroughtsflooding,storms,andotherclimate

catastrophes,saidthestudyconductedbytheCrowtherLabatETHZurichUniversity.Thestudypredictedthefutureclimateconditionsof520majorcitiesworldwide,andpairedthosepredictionswiththeconditionsofcitiestoday.By2050,SeattlewillfeellikeSanFrancisco,andNewYorkwillfeellikeVirginiaBeach,accordingtothereport.Anestimated77%ofcitiesaroundtheworldwillseetheirclimateconditionsdramaticallychange,indicating“theglobalscaleofthisclimatechangethreatandassociatedrisksforhumanhealth,”thestudywarned.Regionswithnorthernlatitudes,includingmostofEurope,willfacethemostdramatictemperaturechanges.InLondon,forexample,thewarmestmonthwillriseby5.9°C,leadingtoameanannualtemperatureriseof2.1℃.However,thedangerisdifferentintropicalregions—temperaturestherewon’trisebymuch,buttherainsareexpectedtochangesignificantly.Thisyear,themonsoon(季风)rainsthatbringreliefeachyearcameweekslateinsomeplacesinIndia,extendingnationwidedroughtsandleavingpeoplestrugglingfordrinkingwater.Thenwhenthemonsoonrainsdoarrive,theyesofastandsoheavythatcitiesflood,leavingdozensdead.What’sworse,accordingtothestudy,ofthe22%ofcitiesthatarefacingunknown,currentlynonexistentclimateconditions,64%areinthetropics.8.Accordingtothenewstudy,whatwillthesituationbelikeinLondonin2050?A.Thelifecostwillbelower.B.Peoplewillgetsunburnedeasily.C.SeriouswatershortagewillstrikeLondon.D.Thereisnoneedtobringanumbrella.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“catastrophes”meaninParagraph3?A.Disasters. B.Conditions.C.Predictions. D.Changes.10.WhydoestheauthormentionthesituationinIndia?A.Toprovetemperaturesarechanginggreatly.B.Topareitwiththesituationinothercities.C.Toshowthedifferencesbetweendifferentregions.D.Toexplainwhat’shappeningintropicalregions.11.Wheredoesthetextprobablyefrom?A.Ageographytextbook. B.Atravelguide.C.Astudyreport. D.Asciencefiction.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。苏黎世联邦理工大学克劳瑟实验室进行的这项研究称，全球数百个其他主要城市可能面临干旱、洪水、风暴和其他气候灾难。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Londoncouldbefacingseveredrought,asBarcelonadidin2008,whenitnearlyranoutofdrinkingwater.”（伦敦可能会面临严重的干旱，就像2008年的巴塞罗那一样，当时它几乎耗尽了饮用水）可知，伦敦在2050年可能会面临严重的水资源短缺。故选C项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段“Hundredsofothermajorcitiesworldwidecouldbefacingdroughts,flooding,storms,andotherclimatecatastrophes”（全球数百个其他主要城市可能面临干旱、洪水、风暴和其他气候catastrophes）可知，与干旱、洪水、风暴相对应的是气候灾难。由此推断出“catastrophes”意为“灾难”。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第七段“Thisyear,themonsoon( 季风 )rainsthatbringreliefeachyearcameweekslateinsomeplacesinIndia,extendingnationwidedroughtsandleavingpeoplestrugglingfordrinkingwater.Thenwhenthemonsoonrainsdoarrive,theyesofastandsoheavythatcitiesflood,leavingdozensdead.What’sworse,accordingtothestudy,ofthe22%ofcitiesthatarefacingunknown,currentlynonexistentclimateconditions,64%areinthetropics.”（今年，在印度的一些地方，每年都会带来缓解的季风性降雨晚了几周，扩大了全国范围的干旱，使人们难以获得饮用水。当季风性降雨到来时，它们来得如此之快，如此之大，以至于城市被洪水淹没，造成数十人死亡。更糟糕的是，根据这项研究，22%的城市面临着未知的，目前不存在的气候条件，64%在热带地区）可知，作者提到印度的情况是为了解释热带地区正在发生的事情。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文以及根据第三段“Hundredsofothermajorcitiesworldwidecouldbefacingdroughts,flooding,storms,andotherclimatecatastrophes,saidthestudyconductedbytheCrowtherLabatETHZurichUniversity.”（苏黎世联邦理工大学克劳瑟实验室进行的这项研究称，全球数百个其他主要城市可能面临干旱、洪水、风暴和其他气候灾难）可知，短文介绍的关于自然灾害的研究。所以短文来自一份研究报告。故选C。DTheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)hastorecallhundredsoffoodseveryyear.Likecookiesnackpackswithpiecesofblueplastichidinginside,dressingandsaucecontainingsalmonella(沙门氏菌)orvariousjamscontainingwithlead(铅).Itcantakeafewmonthsbeforearecall(召回)isissued.Butnowresearchershaveeupwithamethodthatmightfasttrackthatprocess,leadingtoearlydetectionand,ultimately,fasterrecalls.TheAIsystemreliesonthefactthatpeopleincreasinglybuyfoodsandspicesonline.Andpeopletendtowritereviewsofproductstheybuyonline,whicharelikebreadcrumbs(包屑)tofoodsafetyofficialssniffing(嗅)outdangerousproducts.TheresearcherslinkedFDAfoodrecallsfrom2012to2014toAmazonreviewsofthosesameproducts.Theythentrainedmachinelearningalgorithms(算法)todistinguishbetweenreviewsforrecalleditemsandreviewsforitemsthathadnotbeenflagged.AndthetrainedalgorithmswereabletopredictFDArecallsthreequartersofthetime.Theyalsoidentifiedanother20,000reviewsforpossiblyunsafefoods,mostofwhichhadneverbeenrecalled.TheresultsarepublishedinJournaloftheAmericanMedicalInformaticsAssociation.TheWorldHealthOrganizationestimatesthat600millionpeopleworldwidegetsickannuallyfrompollutedfood,andmorethan400,000peoplediefromit.“SohavingtoolsthatenableustodetectthisalotfasterandhopefullyinvestigateanddorecallsfasterwillbeusefulnotjustintheU.S.butinothercountriesaroundtheworldaswell.”StudyauthorElaineNsoesieofBostonUniversity.Shedidaddonewarningevenrecalledproductscanstillgetfivestarreviews.Sostarsalonedon’ttellthereality.Theproofunfortunately,maystillbeinthepudding.12.WhatwillhelpFDArecallunsafefoodsfasterthanbefore?A.Lotsofonlinereviewsofproducts. B.Effortsoffoodsafetyofficials.C.Newmeasuresoffoodsafetyofficials. D.Onlinereviewsofthepollutedfoods.13.Howdoestheauthorintroducetheprocessoftheresearch?A.Bydescribingfacts. B.Bygivingnumbers. C.Bygivingdefinitions. D.Bymakingparisons.14.What’sElaine’sattitudetowardsfivestarreviews?A.Unconcerned. B.Doubtful. C.Neutral. D.Approving.15.Whichmaybethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.FDADevelopsSystemofJudgingReviews. B.FDADetectsUnsafefoods.C.AIHelpsFDAJudgeReviews. D.AISniffsoutUnsafeFoods.【答案】12.A13.A14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究者开发了一种新的AI系统，通过网上对产品的评论快速地筛选出不安全食品。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“TheAIsystemreliesonthefactthatpeopleincreasinglybuyfoodsandspicesonline.Andpeopletendtowritereviewsofproductstheybuyonline,whicharelikebreadcrumbs(包屑)tofoodsafetyofficialssniffing(嗅)outdangerousproducts.(人工智能系统依赖于人们越来越多地在网上购买食品和香料。人们倾向于对他们在网上购买的产品进行评论，这对食品安全官员来说就像面包屑一样，可以嗅出危险的产品)”和第三段中“TheresearcherslinkedFDAfoodrecallsfrom2012to2014toAmazonreviewsofthosesameproducts.(研究人员将2012年至2014年的FDA食品召回与亚马逊对这些相同产品的评论联系起来)”可知，大量的网上关于产品的评论有助于FDA比以前更快地召回不安全食品。故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“TheresearcherslinkedFDAfoodrecallsfrom2012to2014toAmazonreviewsofthosesameproducts.Theythentrainedmachinelearningalgorithms(算法)todistinguishbetweenreviewsforrecalleditemsandreviewsforitemsthathadnotbeenflagged.(研究人员将2012年至2014年FDA食品召回与亚马逊对这些产品的评论联系起来。然后，他们训练机器学习算法，以区分召回项目的评论和未标记项目的评论)”和“Theyalsoidentifiedanother20,000reviewsforpossiblyunsafefoods,mostofwhichhadneverbeenrecalled.(他们还发现了另外2万份可能不安全食品的评论，其中大部分从未被召回)”可知，作者是通过描述事实来介绍研究过程的。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Shedidaddonewarningevenrecalledproductscanstillgetfivestarreviews.Sostarsalonedon’ttellthereality.Theproofunfortunately,maystillbeinthepudding.(她确实添加了一个警告，即使是召回的产品仍然可以获得五星评论。因此，仅凭星评无法讲述整个令人患病的故事。不幸的是，食物好不好，只有吃过才知道。)”可知，最后一段Elaine警告称，即使被召回的产品仍可能获得五星评价，说明星级评分不可靠，她对此持怀疑态度。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Itcantakeafewmonthsbeforearecall(召回)isissued.Butnowresearchershaveeupwithamethodthatmightfasttrackthatprocess,leadingtoearlydetectionand,ultimately,fasterrecalls.TheAIsystemreliesonthefactthatpeopleincreasinglybuyfoodsandspicesonline.Andpeopletendtowritereviewsofproductstheybuyonline,whicharelikebreadcrumbs(包屑)tofoodsafetyofficialssniffing(嗅)outdangerousproducts.(召回可能需要几个月的时间。但现在研究人员已经提出了一种方法，可以快速跟踪这一过程，从而早期发现并最终更快地召回。人工智能系统依赖于人们越来越多地在网上购买食品和香料的事实。人们倾向于写他们在网上购买的产品的评论，这就像食品安全官员嗅出危险产品的面包屑)”可知，本文讲述的是研究者的新发现，研究报告类的文章主题与研究的新发现相关，而D项中的“AISniffsoutUnsafeFoods(人工智能嗅出不安全的食品)”与研究发现相关，符合题意。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoMakeFriendsAproverbsays“Onemanisnotgoodenoughtolivealoneintheworld”____16____Weneedfriends’help.Friendsarepeoplewhowillinglyandreadilyhelpuswhenweareintrouble,andshowsympathyforuswhenweareinmisery.____17____Forexample,whenwehavepassedthegraduationexaminationandarelookingforajob,weneedexperiencedandreliablefriendstoguideusandhelpusonourway.Agoodfriendisalsoanadviser,becauseourownpointsofviewtowardsthingsmaynotbealwaysright.____18____Ofcourse,wecanmakefriendseverywhere.____19____Weareamongabignumberofboysandgirlsourownage,soitiseasytogettoknowoneanotherinashorttime.Besides,wecanalsomakefriendsamongthepeoplewhoworkwithusinthemunity.Inordertomakefriends,weourselvesmustbehonest,noblemindedandkindheartedwherebytoleaveafavorableimpressiononotherssinceotherpeopleobserveusthesamewayaswedo.Atthesametime,weshouldavoidbadfriends,becausetheyalwaysdoharmtousandmoreover,theyaredangeroustothepeoplearound.Worsestill,theydestroyourfriendshipwithgoodfriends.____20____A.Indeed,seekingacquaintancewithbadfriendswouldbeaseriousmistake.B.Afaithfulfriendishardtofind.C.Therefore,itisnecessaryforustoseekadvicefromfriends.D.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.E.However,thebestplaceisschool.F.Indeed,therearemanythingsinlifewhichwealonecannotperform.G.Thebenefitoffriendshipishavingahelpfulhandwithyou.【答案】16.F17.G18.C19.E20.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了我们如何交朋友的建议。【16题详解】上文“Aproverbsays“Onemanisnotgoodenoughtolivealoneintheworld.”(俗话说：“一个人不足以独自生活在这个世界上。”)”引用谚语讲一个人独自生活是不够的，结合第二段首句“Weneedfriends’help.(我们需要朋友的帮助)”提到需要朋友帮助可知，一个人不能独自生活在这个世界，是因为在生活中有很多事情是我们自己无法完成的，所以我们需要朋友，F选项“事实上，生活中有很多事情是我们一个人做不到的”切合语境。故选F项。【17题详解】由下文“Forexample,whenwehavepassedthegraduationexaminationandarelookingforajob,weneedexperiencedandreliablefriendstoguideusandhelpusonourway.(例如，当我们通过毕业考试并正在找工作时，我们需要经验丰富、可靠的朋友来指导和帮助我们)”可知，这里举例子说明，在我们自己无法完成一些事情的时候，朋友会来帮助我们，朋友就是伸出援助之手的人，我们可以向朋友寻求帮助，是有朋友的好处，G选项“友谊的好处就是会有一双援助你的手”切合语境，概括了朋友的支持作用，引出具体例子。故选G项。【18题详解】由上文“Agoodfriendisalsoanadviser,becauseourownpointsofviewtowardsthingsmaynotbealwaysright.(一个好朋友也是一个顾问，因为我们对事情的观点未必总是正确的。)”可知，因为我们对事情的观点不总是正确的，朋友也会给我们建议，所以我们应该向朋友寻求建议，C选项“因此，我们有必要向朋友寻求建议。”切合语境。故选C项。【19题详解】上文“Ofcourse,wecanmakefriendseverywhere.(当然，我们可以在任何地方交朋友)”讲任何地方都能交朋友，下文“Weareamongabignumberofboysandgirlsourownage,soitiseasytogettoknowoneanotherinashorttime.(我们和许多同龄的男孩和女孩在一起，所以很容易在短时间内相互了解)”强调某个地方同龄人多且易于交友，E选项“不过，最好的地方是学校。”切合语境，与上文形成转折，突出学校交友的优势。故选E项。【20题详解】总结上文“Atthesametime,weshouldavoidbadfriends,becausetheyalwaysdoharmtousandmoreover,theyaredangeroustothepeoplearound.Worsestill,theydestroyourfriendshipwithgoodfriends.(同时，我们应该避免坏朋友，因为他们总是对我们有害，而且对周围的人也很危险。更糟糕的是，他们破坏了我们与好朋友的友谊)”可知，交坏朋友对我们有很多坏处，所以作者建议我们不要交坏朋友，空处承接上文得出结论：结识坏朋友将是一件糟糕的事情，A选项“的确，结识坏朋友是一个严重的错误。”切合语境。故选A项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IwastravelingonanovernightbusinMaharashtra.Thebuswasmorethanpacked;all55____21____weretakenandthereweresome20peoplestandingintheaisle(走道).Theairinsidewashotandfilledwithstrange,unpleasantsmells.Thehotday____22____thedisfortofthe10hourjourneyontheroughandrockyroad.BecauseIwastravelingonastudentpass,Icouldnotdemanda(n)____23____seat.Ihadnooptionbuttostand—quite____24____.Afteraroundtwolonghours,Iwasmorethantiredandbored.Ikepttryingto____25____myself,shiftingmybodyweightfromonelegtotheothertomanagethedisfort.Isuddenlyfeltasofthand____26____myback.Turningaround,Ifoundamiddleagedmanwithakindsmilelookingupatme.He____27____upandsaidIcouldtakehisseatforsometime.Iwaspleasantlysurprisedandimmediately____28____hisoffer.After20minutes,Isignaledhimtotakebackhisseat.Aman,whowassittingbythewindowontheothersideofthebus,hadobserved(观察)our____29____.Justthen,somethingmagicalhappened.Ourobserver____30____stoodupandofferedhisseattoanotherstandingman.Thisgameofseatsharing____31____throughthebusand,beforelong,almostallthestandersgotachancetobeseated.Peopleevenstartedchattingwitheachotherwhileexchanging____32____,andsoonbegansharingjokesandsinging.Therestofthejourneywasquiteenjoyable.Thebusreacheditsdestinationintheearlymorning.Thegroupsquickly____33____andwenttheirway.Butthis____34____experiencehasstayedwithmeevenafteralltheseyears.Itrevealed(揭示)tomeanimportantfactthatwecanall____35____whatwehave,includingourdifficulties,andhelpourcopassengersinthisjourneycalledlife.21A.people B.space C.seats D.books22.A.addedto B.belongedto C.referredto D.turnedto23.A.convenient B.large C.reserved D.expensive24.A.freely B.unfortably C.pleasantly D.strangely25.A.balance B.enjoy C.help D.calm26.A.touching B.hitting C.pointing D.typing27.A.ran B.put C.jumped D.stood28.A.admired B.refused C.accepted D.reported29.A.appointment B.munication C.exchange D.deal30.A.excitedly B.especially C.properly D.voluntarily31.A.got B.saw C.spread D.went32.A.opinions B.cards C.positions D.addresses33.A.separated B.broke C.organized D.escaped34.A.unforgettable B.practical C.enjoyable D.responsible35.A.get B.value C.recognize D.share【答案】21.C22.A23.C24.B25.A26.A27.D28.C29.C30.D31.C32.C33.A34.A35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者通过公交车上乘客之间互相让座的经历明白了这样一个事实：我们都可以分享我们的所有，包括分享我们的负担，并且帮助与我们在这个称为人生的旅程中一同前行的人。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：公共汽车上挤满了人；55个座位全部被占满，有20多人站在过道上。A.people人们；B.space空间；C.seats座位；D.books书。根据“morethanpacked”以及“thereweresome20peoplestandingintheaisle(走道)”可知，所有的座位都被占满了，故选C。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：炎热的天气增加了在崎岖不平的道路上行驶10个小时的不适感。A.addedto增加；B.belongedto属于；C.referredto提到；D.turnedto求助于。上文“Theairinsidewashotandfilledwithstrange,unpleasantsmells.”提到车里很热，气味难闻，此处指炎热的天气使旅途更加不舒服，故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为我是用学生通行证旅行的，所以我不能要求预留座位。A.convenient方便的；B.large大的；C.reserved预留的；D.expensive昂贵的。根据“BecauseIwastravelingonastudentpass”可知，作者是用学生证买的票，不能要求预留座位，故选C。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我别无选择，只能站着——很不舒服。A.freely自由地；B.unfortably不舒服地；C.pleasantly高兴地；D.strangely奇怪地。根据上文描述的内容以及“Ihadnooptionbuttostand”可知，天气炎热，车内拥挤不堪，作者只能站着，所以很不舒服，故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直努力保持平衡，把身体重心从一条腿移到另一条腿上，以控制这种不适。A.balance（使）平衡；B.enjoy喜欢，享受；C.help帮助；D.calm（使）冷静。根据“shiftingmybodyweightfromonelegtotheothertomanagethedisfort”可知，作者两条腿轮流承担身体的重量来保持平衡，故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然感到一只柔软的手触碰我的背。A.touching触摸，接触；B.hitting打，击中；C.pointing指向；D.typing打字。根据“asofthand”及语境可知，那名中年男子是善意地让作者坐一会，故应是轻触作者的背部，故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他站起来，说我可以坐他的座位一会儿。A.ran跑步；B.put放置；C.jumped跳；D.stood站立。根据“Icouldtakehisseatforsometime”可知，他站起来，让作者坐他的座位，故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我又惊又喜，立即接受了他的邀请。A.admired欣赏，钦佩；B.refused拒绝；C.accepted接受；D.reported报道。下文“After20minutes,Isignaledhimtotakebackhisseat.”提到20分钟后作者把座位还给他，故作者接受了他的提议，坐了他的座位，故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：坐在汽车另一边靠窗的一个男人看到了我们的交换。A.appointment约会，预约；B.munication交流；C.exchange交换；D.deal交易。上文提到中年男子让作者坐自己的座位，作者坐了一会后又还给他，故此处指“交换座位”，下文“whileexchanging____12____,”也有提示，故选C。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们的观察员自愿站起来，把座位让给另一个站着的人。A.excitedly兴奋地，激动地；B.especially尤其；C.properly适当地；D.voluntarily自愿地。根据“offeredhisseattoanotherstandingman”可知，这名男子自愿站起来，主动让座，故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种分享座位的游戏在车上蔓延开来，没过多久，几乎所有站着的人都有机会坐上了座位。A.got得到；B.saw看见；C.spread传播；D.went走。根据下文“beforelong,almostallthestandersgotachancetobeseated”可知，大家纷纷效仿这样的行为，故此处指让座的行为传遍了整辆车，故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们甚至开始在交换位置时互相聊天，很快就开始分享笑话和唱歌。A.opinions观点；B.cards卡片；C.positions位置；D.addresses地址。根据上文“seatsharing”可知，人们是交换位置，故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：两组人很快分开，各自走了。A.separated分开；B.broke打破；C.organized组织；D.escaped逃跑。根据“wenttheirway”可知，车辆到达目的地，人们分开，各自赶路，故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但即使过了这么多年，这段难忘的经历也一直伴随着我。A.unforgettable难忘的；B.practical实际的；C.enjoyable令人愉快的；D.responsible负责任的。根据“stayedwithmeevenafteralltheseyears”可知，这对作者是一次难忘的经历，故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它向我揭示了一个重要的事实：我们都可以分享我们所拥有的，包括我们的困难，并在这段叫做生活的旅程中帮助我们的同伴。A.get得到；B.value珍惜；C.recognize认出，识别；D.share分享。根据前文描述的交换位置和分享位置可知，此处指“我们可以分享我们所有的”，故选D。第II卷（非选择题）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheChinesepancakejianbingandtheFrenchcrêpearemonintheirowncountry.___36___theyefromverydifferentculinarytraditions,theChinesepancakejianbingandtheFrenchcrêpesharemanysimilaritiesintermsoftheirthinandflexibletexture(柔韧的质地),variousfillings,and___37___(popular)asaquickmeal.Often___38___(serve)foldedorrolledup,bothsnackscanbeenjoyed___39___anytime.___40___(origina