第一部分 选择性必修第一册 UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT

选择性必修第一册UNIT1PEOPLEOFACHIEVEMENT单/击/此/处/添/加/副/标/题汇报人姓名Contents基础帮默写自测教材帮核心突破高考帮题型对接练习帮课时提能目录01点击添加标题单击此处添加文本具体内容02点击添加标题单击此处添加文本具体内容

基础默写Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形1.

adj.必不可少的；充满生机的2.

vt.&vi.(使)沸腾；烧开；煮开

n.沸腾；沸点3.

vt.(尤指经努力)获得

vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行4.

n.失败；挫败

vt.击败；战胜5.

adv.主要地；一般地6.

n.条件；环境；状况7.

vt.创建；建立；把……建立在vital

boil

obtain

defeat

mostly

circumstance

found

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ8.

n.理论；学说9.

adj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的10.

vt.偶然碰到；遇到

n.邂逅；遭遇11.

n.教授12.

adj.非凡的；显著的13.

vi.总结；概括

n.金额；款项；总数；总和theory

extraordinary

encounter

professor

remarkable

sum

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅡ.拓展单词——通其变1.crucialadj.至关重要的；关键性的→

adv.关键地；至关重要地2.

vt.承诺；保证

vi.全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→

adj.尽

心尽力的；坚定的→

n.承诺；保证；投入3.

n.研究院；学会；专科院校→

adj.学业的；学术的crucially

commit

committed

commitment

academy

academic

4.evaluatevt.评价；评估→

n.评估；评价5.distinctadj.清晰的；有区别的→

n.区别；特点6.

vt.承认；(公开)感谢→

n.承认；感谢7.

vt.分析→

n.分析；分析结果8.

adj.明显的；显而易见的→

adv.显而易见；看

来；显然evaluation

distinction

acknowledge

acknowledgement

analyse

analysis

apparent

apparently

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ9.

n.科学→

adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的→

n.科学家10.

vt.推断出

vt.&vi.结束；终止→

n.结论；推论11.

n.(长篇)小说→

n.小说家12.

adj.相对的

n.亲属→

adv.相对地→

n.相对

论；相对性science

scientific

scientist

conclude

conclusion

novel

novelist

relative

relatively

relativity

13.

adj.温柔的；文静的→

adv.轻柔地；温柔地14.

adj.逐渐的；逐步的→

adv.逐渐地；逐步地15.

n.结果；后果→

adj.随之发生的

→

adv.因此，所以gentle

gently

gradual

gradually

consequence

consequent

consequently

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅢ.阅读单词——晓其意1.physiology

n.

⁠2.objective

n.

adj.

⁠3.botanical

adj.

⁠4.property

n.

⁠5.liquid

n.

adj.

⁠生理学；生理机能目标；目的客观的植物学的性质；特性；财产液体液体的；液态的6.infer

vt.

⁠7.politician

n.

⁠8.numerous

adj.

⁠⁠推断；推定从政者；政治家；政客众多的；许多的ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ⁠9.genius

n.

⁠10.patent

n.

adj.

⁠11.passion

n.

⁠天才；天资；天赋专利；专利证书受专利保护的；有专利的酷爱；激情12.institution

n.

⁠13.institute

n.

⁠14.device

n.

⁠15.draft

n.

vt.

⁠社会公共机构；制度；习俗机构；机构建筑方法；装置；仪器草稿；草案起草；草拟ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅣ.核心短语——明搭配1.

承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等)2.

坚决要求commitoneselfto(doing)sth.

insiston

3.

(开始)掌权；上台4.

担任；任职5.

总结；概括6.flowchart

⁠cometopower

takeupaposition

sumup

流程图ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅤ.经典句式——会运用1.artemisininhassavedhundredsofthousandsoflives，andhasledto

⁠

formillionsofpeople.(过去分词作前置定语)青蒿素拯救了成千上万人的生命，并改善了数百万人的健康状况。improved

health

2.

，shesaid，

＂The

honourisnotjustmine.Thereisateambehindme，andallthepeopleofmycountry...＂

(upon＋doing/n.)当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：＂这份荣誉不仅仅属于我。我的身后有一个团队以及全国人民……＂UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ3.Hemadenumerouscontributionstotheworld，

⁠

andthefamousformulaE＝mc2.(独立主格结构)他对世界作出了无数的贡献，最为出名的当数广义相对论和著名的方程式E＝mc2。4.

forChina’sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobe

spreadaroundtheworld.(it作形式主语)中国的科学研究和中医药能够在全世界传播确实是一种荣誉。themostwell-knownbeingthe

generaltheoryofrelativity

Itisindeedanhonour

5.

，outofastrongpassionforknowledge，hecontinuedto

study，earningadoctorateinphysicsin1905.(whiledoing...)在那里工作期间，出于强烈的求知欲，他继续学习，于1905年获得物理学博士学位。Whileworkingthere

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ语境自测Ⅰ.单词拼写(用本单元词汇)1.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.Theycanchangeaccordingto

(状况).2.

(创建)in1996，MuseumofLatinAmericanartistheonlyartmuseum

intheUnitedStatesdevotedtomodernandcontemporaryLatinAmericanart.circumstances

Founded

3.Thispopularpsychologycoursehighlightsthedifferent

(理论)ofcreativity.4.Itmeanswehavethechanceto

(获得)informationabouthowthemoonis

constructed.theories

obtain

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ5.

(教授)，forthemostpart，arefirmlycommittedtoteaching，not

research.6.ThedelicateChangxinPalaceLampdisplayedthewisdomofancientChinesecraftsmen，aswellasChina’s

achievementsinscienceandtechnology2，000yearsago.7.Understandinghistoryis

tounderstandingourselvesasapeopleandasanation.8.IwasexcitedbecauseIknewweweregoingtowin，buttomydisappointmentwewere

⁠.remarkable

vital

defeated

Professors

9.Theroarofapplausefromtheaudienceindicatedthattheperformancewas

⁠.10.We

everykindofdifficultywhenwefirstdevotedourselvestoscientificresearch.extraordinary

encountered

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅡ.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Mymotherisa

woman.EverytimeIamdown，shepatsmyback

，comfortingme.(gentle)2.ZhangGuimei，a

educator，

⁠herselftoeducation.

Her

ispraisedbypeople.(commit)gentle

gently

committed

commits

commitment

3.Losingweightisaslowand

⁠process.Keepexercisingandyouwill

achieveyourobjective.(gradual)4.Themagazine

⁠Josephasthebestwriteroftheyearandhewasawardedabigprizein

ofhiscontribution.(acknowledge)gradual

gradually

acknowledged

acknowledgement

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ5.Asachild，heshowedgreatinterestin

andwantedtobea

⁠.

Nowhisdreamhascometrueandhehasmadegreatachievementsin

⁠

research.(science)6.They

fromthedatathatthenewviruswasmoredangerous.Scientistsfromothercountriesalsoagreedwiththis

.(conclude)science

scientist

scientific

concluded

conclusion

7.Asa

ofglobalwarming，thesealevelisrisingandmanyspeciesaredyingout.Topreventthe

damagetotheearth，peopleshouldtakeactionquickly.(consequence)8.I’mreadingthe

Brothersthesedays，writtenbythefamous

，

YuHua.(novel)consequence

consequent

novel

novelist

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅢ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子commitoneselfto

insiston

sumup

takeupaposition

cometopower1.

，nomatterwhatkindofchallengesIencounter，Iwillbravelyembracethefuture.2.Sincehe

in2000，linksbetweenthetwocountrieshavebeen

tightened.Tosumup

cametopower

3.We

arefundofthefullamountforthebreakdownofthemachine，but

thesellerrefused.4.PearlS.Buck

⁠bringingChineseculturetotheWesternworld

andwashonouredasthehumanbridgethatconnectstheChineseandWesterncultures.5.Helefthiscareerinteachingand

inthelocalgovernment.insistedon

committedherselfto

tookupaposition

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅣ.句式仿写1.路被一棵倒下的树堵住了，所以我们只好折回。(过去分词作前置定语)Theroadwasblockedby

，sowehadtoturnback.2.一听说要举办一场国画展览，我很高兴。(upon＋doing/n.)

，Iamveryglad.afallentree

UponhearingthatatraditionalChinesepaintingexhibitionwillbeheld

3.很荣幸能代表我们班在会上发言。(it作形式主语)

⁠onbehalfofourclass.4.如果时间允许，我将带你去另一个旅游景点逛逛。(独立主格结构)Iwillshowyouaroundanothertouristattraction，

⁠.5.在读大学期间，他在学校图书馆做兼职。(whiledoing...)

，hedidpart-timeworkintheschoollibrary.Itisanhonortospeakatthemeeting

timepermitting

Whilestudyinginuniversity

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ

YuanLongpingiswidelyacknowledgedasChina’s＂fatherofhybridrice＂.

Upongraduation，Yuantook

up

a

positionasateacherinacollege.Heinsistedon

studyingagriculturewhileteaching.

In1960，

ProfessorYuanunexpectedlyfoundan＂outstanding＂riceplantwith

excellentproperties.Hecarefullyanalyseditandcametotheconclusionthatthis

extraordinaryricewasanaturalhybridrice.Thiscrucialfindingfueledhisenthusiasm

forthestudyofhybridrice.Despiteencountering

numerousdifficulties，hecontinued

hisscientificresearchunderhardcircumstanceswithgreatpassion.Asaconsequence，

Yuanandhisteamobtained

remarkablesuccess，significantlyimprovingChina’srice

output.Tosum

up，Yuancommittedallhislifetodefeatinghunger.

Yuanpassedawayin2021，aged91，andthewholenationmournedhisdeath.He

willbeforeverrememberedbyChinesepeopleandtheworld.

1commit

(committed；committed；committing)

vt.

做出(错或非法的事)；犯(罪或

错等)；花(钱或时间)；承诺；保证

vi.忠于(某个人、机构等)；全心全意投入(工

作、活动等)1.[人教选必①-5]Heisaverygoodactorandhecommitshimself

everyrolethat

hetakeson.2.[外研选必③-3]Drivenbyasenseof

(commit)，agreatmanyjoined

thearmytoresisttheJapaneseinvadersanddefendthehonourofthenation.3.Thoughjournalistsarecommittedto

(present)thetruth，itisbetterto

useourownjudgementthanrelyentirelyonthenewsreports.to

commitment

presenting

教师尊享·点拨此处committed作形容词，表示＂尽心尽力的，坚定的＂，可用于写作中对人物

品质的描述。5.ZhongNanshancommitshimselftomedicalresearch，andwasawardedtheMedalof

theRepublic. (人物介绍)→①

，ZhongNanshanwasawardedthe

MedaloftheRepublic.(现在分词短语作状语)→②ZhongNanshan，

，wasawardedtheMedalof

theRepublic.(过去分词短语作定语)Committinghimselftomedicalresearch

committedtomedicalresearch

4.MrLiisa

(commit)teacher，whoisverypopularamongstudents.committed

6.直到那时我才意识到我犯了个巨大的错误，窘得满脸通红。(读后续写之心理描写)

⁠.Myfaceglowedwith

embarrassment.(＂only＋状语＂位于句首的倒装)OnlythendidIrealisethatIhadcommittedabigmistake

★commitoneselfto(doing)sth.承诺/保证(做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等)commit...to...投入……于……commitsth.犯(错)等★commitmentn.承诺；投入；奉献makeacommitmenttodosth.保证/承诺做某事★committedadj.尽心尽力的，坚定的becommittedto(doing)sth.致力于(做)某事2acknowledge

vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢1.TraditionalChinesemedicineiswidelyacknowledged

(be)effectiveinthefightagainsttheseveredisease.2.Iwassentafreecopyin

(acknowledge)ofmycontribution.3.Igreatlythankyouforthehelpyouhavegivenme.→Igreatly

thehelpyouhavegivenme.(词语升级)tobe

acknowledgement

acknowledge

教师尊享·点拨表示＂感谢，感激＂的词或短语，除了thanksb.forsth.外，还有acknowledge/appreciatesth.和begratefultosb.forsth.。4.普遍认为，读好书可以丰富我们的思想，教我们明辨是非。

⁠

andteachustodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.It’suniversally/widelyacknowledgedthatreadinggoodbookscanenrichourminds

教师尊享·点拨＂明辨是非＂的其他表达：tell/distinguishrightfromwrong，tellthedifference

betweenrightandwrong★acknowledgedoing/havingdonesth.承认做过某事acknowledge...as/tobe...认为……是……It’suniversally/widelyacknowledgedthat...普遍认为……★acknowledgementn.承认inacknowledgementof...以回答……；以感谢……3insist

vt.&

vi.坚持；坚决要求1.[人教选必②-3]Forexample，scientistshaveinsistedforyearsthatabigenemyofhealth

(be)fattyfood.2.[北师必修③-9]IkepttellinghimthatIknewthewaymyself，butheinsistedon

(take)methere.is

taking

3.妈妈坚持认为我不该放弃，而应该全力以赴。→①

(insistthat)→②

(insiston，

insteadof)MymotherinsistedthatIshouldnotgiveup，buttrymybest.

Mymotherinsistedonmytryingmybestinsteadofgivingup.

★insiston/upon(sb./sb.’s)doingsth.坚决要求(某人)做某事★insistthat...①表示＂坚持/坚决要求……＂时，从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用＂(should＋)动词原形＂。②表示＂坚持说/坚持认为……＂时，从句用陈述语气。4conclusion

n.结论；推论；最后1.WhenChrisbroughthisspeechtoanice

(conclude)，Whaley，his

teacher，invitedtherestoftheclasstoapplaudhim.2.Heconcluded

theirremarksthattheywerenotinfavouroftheplan.3.SoI

(得出结论)thatifyouwantagreat

career，youneedtocommityourselftosomethingmeaningful.(conclusion)conclusion

from

cometo/arriveat/reach/drawaconclusion

4.总之，急需共同努力来抢救我们的传统文化瑰宝。 (传统文化)

，jointeffortsareurgentlyneededto

⁠

⁠.Inconclusion

rescueourtraditionalcultural

treasures

教师尊享·点拨

conclusion/conclude常出现在科研类或科普类说明文中，用于总结研究发现或观

点。如：☆[2022北京]Crystalknewthatvisionsalonedon’tproduceresults，butconcludedthat＂we’llneverproduceresultsthatwecan’tenvision＂.☆[2020北京]Inconclusion，positivethinkingisapowerfulandeffectivetoolfordealing

withhardtimesandimprovingthequalityofone’slife.★inconclusion最后；总而言之cometo/arriveat/reach/drawaconclusion得出结论jumptoconclusions匆忙下结论bring...toaconclusion使……结束★concludevt.推断出

vt.&

vi.结束，终止concludesth.(fromsth.)(从……中)推断出/断定……5circumstance

n.(usually

pl.)条件；环境；状况1.[北师选必②-5]Sometimesweneedtobeflexibleandadapttochanging

(circumstance).2.

(如果情况允许的话)，theworkwillbeginonMonday.circumstances

Ifcircumstancespermit/allow

3.在任何情况下，我们都不能在互联网上将我们的个人信息泄露给陌生人。(建议信)

⁠

(倒装结构)Under/Innocircumstancesshouldwegiveawayourpersonalinformationtostrangerson

theInternet.

教师尊享·点拨表示＂绝不＂的其他短语：innoway；onnoaccount；bynomeans。这些短语

置于句首时，句子都需要用部分倒装结构。★under/inthecircumstances在这种情况下，既然如此under/innocircumstances在任何情况下决不，

无论如何不(放在句首时句子要用部分倒装结构)★ifcircumstancespermit/allow如果情况允许的话6consequence

n.结果；后果1.Ididn’tkeepmypromise.

consequence，hegotveryangryatme.2.Johnwascommittedtohisstudy.

(consequent)，hegainedadmissiontoZhejiangUniversity.In

Consequently

3.在过去的几年里，大量垃圾被倾倒进海洋中。因此，许多海洋物种正面临灭绝的

威胁。(倡议)Thepastyearshavewitnessedlargeamountsofwastedumpedintotheoceans.

⁠

⁠

.(consequence)Asa

consequence/Inconsequence，manymarinespeciesareunderthreatofextinction

★asaconsequence/inconsequence(＝asaresult)结果asaconsequenceof/inconsequenceof(＝asaresultof)由于★consequentadj.随之发生的consequentlyadv.因此；结果7take

up

a

position

担任；任职1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义①[外研必修①-1]After-schoolactivitiesalsoplayapartwhenstudentsapplytocollege.

However，theycantakeupalotoftime，sostudentshavetolearntoorganisetheirbusyschedules.

⁠②MrSmithlastyeartookupapositionasadesignerinthenewcompany.

⁠③LangPingbecameastarinChinabecauseofhersuccess，herpositiveattitudeandher

abilitytotakeupchallenges.

⁠占用开始从事接受2.Take

theimportantpointsinclasssothatyoucangooverthemafterclass.3.I’mgoingto

(休一周假)andBriggswill

⁠

(接管业务)whenI’maway.down

takeaweekoff

takeoverthebusiness

★takeup拿起；占用；开始从事；接受

takeoff脱下；起飞；事业腾飞；休假

takein吸收；理解；收留；欺骗takeover接管；接任takeon呈现；雇用；承担takedown写下，记下；拆除takeapart拆开，拆卸8sum

up总结，概括1.[北师选必①-3]

(sum)up，despiteproducingcheapfood，factoryfarmingisbadfortheplanetandfortheanimalsthemselves.Tosum

教师尊享·点拨表示＂总之，总而言之＂的归纳总结性短语除了tosumup和insum外还有inconclusion，inshort，inbrief，insummary，allinall等。2.这个年轻人冒着生命危险从火海中救人。他因勇敢而得到一大笔金钱奖励。Theyoungmanriskedhisownlifetosavepeoplefromthefire.

⁠

⁠.3.总之，他对教育的奉献为他赢得了当地人的尊重。 (人物介绍)

⁠Hewasrewardedwitha

largesumofmoneyforhisbravery

Insum，hiscommitmenttoeducationearnshimthelocalpeople’srespect.

★tosumup总之alargesumofmoney一大笔钱insum总而言之9upon/on＋doing/n.

一……就……1.[外研必修③-2]On

(leave)school，WintonworkedinbanksinGermany

andFrance.2.Uponher

(retire)fromtheuniversity，theprofessortookupapositionincharity.leaving

retirement

3.一到海滩，我们就开始清理冲到岸边的垃圾。(环境保护)→①

，westartedtocleanupthelitterwashedashore.(upon＋n./doing)→②

，westartedtocleanupthelitterwashedashore.(themoment)→③

，westartedtocleanupthelitterwashed

ashore.(immediately)Uponarrival/arrivingatthebeach

Themomentwearrivedatthebeach

Immediatelywearrivedatthebeach

★表示＂一……就……＂的其他表达：assoonas＋从句themoment/minute/instant＋从句immediately/directly/instantly＋从句10it作形式主语1.[人教选必①-2]Itispossible

⁠thistechnologicalfantasywillcometrueinthe

distantfuture.2.

suddenlyoccurredtomethatIcouldaskmyteachertogoovermycomposition.that

It

3.很荣幸能与大家分享我对在线学习的看法。(发言稿)

⁠4.人们普遍认为吃绿色蔬菜有助于增强体质。(健康饮食)

⁠5.很遗憾我不能和你一起去北京。(道歉信)

⁠It’sagreathonourtosharemyopinionononlinelearningwithyou.

It’swidelyacknowledgedthateatinggreenvegetablescontributestobuildingupstrength.

It’ssuchapitythatIcouldn’tgotoBeijingwithyou.

★it作形式主语的常用句式：·Itbe＋adj./n.＋(forsb.)todosth.·Itbe＋过去分词(said，reported...)＋that从句·Itbe＋形容词(vital，obvious，possible...)＋that从句·Itbe＋名词短语(apity，nowonder...)＋that从句·It＋不及物动词(occur，happen...)＋tosb.＋that从句

Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配、易错动词变形1.[2023浙江1月]Iparkedmycaroutsidethefarmandwalkedpastamilkinghousewhich

had

(apparent)notbeenusedinmanyyears.2.[2021浙江]Heshowedusthatevenasingledesire，nevergivenupon，canmakefor

a

(remark)life.3.[2021天津]ItwasnotuntilIfollowedthisfeelingtoitssourcethatIdiscoveredIhada

passion

⁠writing.apparently

remarkable

for

ⅠⅡⅢ4.[2021天津]Vital

humanlife，artiscelebratedandusedbynationsacross

theworldforvariouspurposes.5.[2021天津3月]Societypushesustospecialize，tobecomeexperts.Thisrequires

commitment

aparticularoccupation，branchofstudyorresearch.to/for

to

6.[2020全国Ⅱ]Asa

(novel)，I’vefoundanewrelationshipwithlibraries.I

encouragereaderstogototheirlocallibrarywhentheycan’taffordtopurchaseabook.novelist

教师尊享·点拨以-ist结尾的表示人的名词还有：artist(艺术家)；chemist(化学家)；dentist(牙科

医生)；journalist(记者)；scientist(科学家)；tourist(游客)等。ⅠⅡⅢ7.[2020全国Ⅲ]Itellmymomthatifwe’reforcedtoeatthings，wemaybecomeill.But

sheinsistsonus

(eat)healthyfood.8.[2020天津]ThisledJonestothe

(conclude)thattherearetoomany

extremelylonelypeopleinhiscommunity，whoareeasytargetsofcheating.9.[全国Ⅲ]Over300yearsitspopulationgrew

(gradual)from800peopleto

8million.Butnotallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.10.[江苏高考]Dinersatbadtables—nexttothekitchendoor，say—spentnearlyas

muchasothersbutsoon

(flee).conclusion

gradually

fled

eating

ⅠⅡⅢⅡ.阅读理解——

一词多义、熟词生义1.A.n.流畅B.v.流动C.n.流量①[2023新高考Ⅰ]Adirtystream，forexample，oftenbecameclearafterflowingthrough

plantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.

⁠B

②[2021新高考Ⅰ]Hisjobistositbesidethepianistandturnthepagesofthescoresothe

musiciandoesn’thavetobreaktheflowofsoundbydoingitthemselves.

⁠③[2021北京]We’renowbuildingaclockattheAnchorageMuseumthatreflectsthetotal

flowofseveralmajorAlaskanrivers，whicharesensitivetolocalandglobalenvironmentalchanges.

⁠A

C

ⅠⅡⅢ2.[2022北京]Thisshowsthatwehavesomewaytotravelbeforeachievingthefirstobjectiveofsystemsthinking—which，inthisexample，i