第一部分 选择性必修第一册 UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND

选择性必修第一册UNIT5WORKINGTHELAND单/击/此/处/添/加/副/标/题汇报人姓名Contents基础帮默写自测教材帮核心突破高考帮题型对接练习帮课时提能目录01点击添加标题单击此处添加文本具体内容02点击添加标题单击此处添加文本具体内容

基础默写Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形1.

vt.(通常经过努力)获得；得到2.

vt.克服；解决；战胜3.

vt.估计；估价

n.估计；估算4.

vt.包括；包含；由……组成attain

overcome

estimate

comprise

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ5.

n.泥土；土壤；领土6.

n.想象；视力；视野；影像7.

adj.完全必要的；极其重要的8.

n.可供选择的事物

adj.可供替代的9.

n.例子；实例；事例10.

n.方面；层面soil

vision

essential

alternative

instance

aspect

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅡ.拓展单词——通其变1.

vt.把……献(给)；专心于→

adj.忠诚的；挚爱的

→

n.献身；忠诚2.

adj.短的；矮的；缺乏的→

vt.&vi.(使)变短；缩短

→

n.不足；缺少devote

devoted

devotion

short

shorten

shortage

3.

vt.使相信；说服→

adj.令人信服的→

⁠

adj.确信的；信服的4.

n.习俗；常规→

adj.传统的；习惯的5.

vt.假定；认为→

n.假定；设定6.

vt.&vi.扩大；增加vt.扩展；发展(业务)→

n.扩张；扩展convince

convincing

convinced

convention

conventional

assume

assumption

expand

expansion

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ7.

vt.消耗；耗费；消费→

n.消耗；消费

→

n.消费者8.

vt.产生；引起→

n.代；一代人；(尤指电、热等的)产生9.

adj.真实的→

n.现实；事实→

vt.实现

vt.&vi.意识到

→

adv.真正地consume

consumption

consumer

generate

generation

real

reality

realise

really

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ10.

n.营养；滋养→

adj.有营养的；营养丰富的

→

adj.营养(物)的11.

vt.&vi.加深；(使)变深→

adj.深的

adv.深深地；在深处

→

n.深(度)12.

adj.整个的；全部的→

adv.全部地；完整地nutrition

nutritious

nutritional

deepen

deep

depth

entire

entirely

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅢ.阅读单词——晓其意1.tackle

vt.

⁠2.crisis

n.

⁠3.boost

vt.

n.

⁠解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理危机；危急关头使增长；使兴旺增长；提高；激励4.characteristic

n.

adj.

⁠5.intense

adj.

⁠6.domestic

adj.

⁠7.leisure

n.

⁠⁠特征；品质典型的；独特的热切的；十分强烈的本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的闲暇；休闲；空闲ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ⁠8.celebrity

n.

⁠9.grain

n.

⁠名望；名誉；名人谷物；谷粒10.urban

adj.

⁠11.tunnel

n.

⁠12.fertiliser

n.

⁠13.poverty

n.

⁠14.widespread

adj.

⁠城市的；城镇的地下通道；隧道肥料贫穷；贫困分布广的；广泛的15.digest

vt.&vi.

vt.

n.

⁠16.mineral

n.

⁠17.root

n.

⁠消化领会；领悟摘要；文摘矿物；矿物质根；根茎；根源ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅣ.核心短语——明搭配1.

把……用于；献身；致力；专心2.

包括；由……组成(或构成)3.

在内心深处；本质上；实际上4.

相应地；转而；依次；轮流5.

例如；比如devote...to

becomprisedof

deepdown

inturn

forinstance

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅤ.经典句式——会运用1.Indeed，hisslimbutstrongbodywasjustlikethatofmillionsofChinesefarmers，

.(＂介词＋关系代词＂引导的非限制性定语从句)确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民

一样。towhomhehaddevotedhislife

2.However，whatconcernedhimmostwas

⁠

.(that引导的表语从句)然而，最让他担忧的是，农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至出现严重的食物短缺。thatfarmersoftenhadpoorharvestsand

sometimesevenhadaseriousshortageoffoodtoeat

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ3.

wasachallengingquestionatthetime.(how引导的主语

从句)如何做到这一点在那时是一个具有挑战性的问题。4.

，onemightthinkhewould

haveretiredtoalifeofleisure.(giventhat...)考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。Howthiscouldbedone

GiventhatYuan’shybridsmadehimquitewealthy

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ5.Forexample，pesticidescandamagethelandbykilling

⁠

.(notonly...butalso...)例如，农药在杀死有害细菌和昆虫的同时，也会杀死有益的细菌和昆虫，从而破坏

土地。notonlyharmfulbacteria

andinsects，butalsohelpfulones

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ语境自测Ⅰ.单词拼写(用本单元词汇)1.TheconstructionofChinaSpaceStationshowsourcountryhas

(获得)

greatsuccessinspacescience.2.Someanalysts

(估计)thatfoodproductionefficiencywillneedtoberaised

by50percenttomaintaincurrentlevels.attained

estimate

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ3.Haditnotbeenforthesupportoftheteachers，thestudentcouldnothave

⁠herdifficulty.4.Youcanbepaidincashweeklyorbychequemonthly；thosearethetwo

⁠.overcome

alternatives

5.Determiningwhereweareinrelationtooursurroundingsremainsan

⁠skill

foroursurvival.6.Technologicalchangeiseverywhereandaffectsevery

oflife，mostlyforthebetter.essential

aspect

7.Theuniversity，whichiswell-knownathomeandabroad，

twelve

departments.8.Whatisknowntousallisthatthebacteriathatliveinthe

⁠helptobreakdown

ourwastes.comprises

soil

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅡ.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.The

⁠ofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Forinstance，seeingathinpersoneatalot，wearemorelikelyto

⁠alarge

portion.(consume)2.Hisspeechwasso

thateveryonepresententirelybelievedwhathesaid.

Iwasentirely

ofhisfitnessforthetask.(convince)3.Astudent’svocabulary

throughreading.Inturn，the

⁠of

vocabularycontributestodigestingthereadingmaterialsbetter.(expand)consumption

consume

convincing

convinced

expands

expansion

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.Theteacher

allhislifetoteaching.Heisso

⁠tothiscausethat

everyoneadmireshimforhis

.(devote)5.Hehadbeen

ofexerciseforalongtime.The

⁠ofexerciseledto

hisweakness.Sohe

⁠histimeofplayingcomputergamestotakeexercise.

(short)6.Youshouldn’tlookintothecaseonthe

⁠thatheisacriminal.Without

firmevidence，heshouldbe

tobeinnocent.(assume)7.Thelake’sexact

remainsunmeasurable.However，expertsthinkthatitis

still

gradually.(deep)devotes

devoted

devotion

short

shortage

shortened

assumption

assumed

depth

deepening

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ8.I

⁠agreewithyouthatchildrenshouldgooutdoorsmorefrequently.Itreally

upsetsmewhenIseethemspendingan

morninginfrontofscreens.(entire)9.SuddenlyI

thatInevergotaccustomedtolivingthere.In

，I

was

missingmyhometown.(real)10.Thenewdam，designedto

electricitybywater，isexpectedtoprovide

electricityforfuture

.(generate)entirely

entire

realised

reality

really

generate

generations

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅢ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子devoteoneselfto

becomprisedof

deepdown

inturn

forinstance1.Life

notonlysunshinebutalsostormsandwemustbebraveinfrontofdifficulties.2.Weallbelieve

thathardworkandvirtuewillleadtosuccesswhilelazinessandevilwillleadtoruin.3.Wordshaveapowerfuleffectonyourbrain，and

⁠itinfluencesyouraction

greatly.iscomprisedof

deepdown

inturn

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.Spacetravelcanbesodelightfulbutatthesametimeinvisiblydangerous.

⁠，astronautslosebonemass.5.LuXunchangedhismindto

literaturewiththepurposeofsavinghismotherlandfromfallingbehind.Forinstance

devotehimselfto

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅣ.句式仿写1.此外，成都有各种各样的美食，其中四川火锅最有名。(＂介词＋关系代词＂引导

的非限制性定语从句)Moreover，therearevariouskindsofdeliciousfoodinChengdu，

⁠

⁠.ofwhichSichuan

HotPotisthemostfamous

2.你们友谊的核心是你们随时准备好互相帮助。(that引导的表语从句)Thecoreofyourfriendshipis

⁠.3.我们如何度过闲暇时间对我们的全面发展很重要。(how引导的主语从句)

isimportantforouroveralldevelopment.thatyouwillalwaysbereadytohelpeachother

Howwespendourleisuretime

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.考虑到他们缺乏经验，他们的工作已经做得不错了。(giventhat...)

，they’vedoneagoodjob.Giventhatthey’reshortofexperience

5.这是一项很有意义的活动，我不仅能有一些新的发现，还能体验劳动的乐趣，丰

富我的知识。(notonly...butalso...)Itwasaverymeaningfulactivityand

⁠

⁠.notonlycouldIhavesomenewdiscoveriesbut

alsoIcouldexperiencethejoyoflaborandenrichmyknowledge

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ

Thereexistedacommonassumptionthatchemicalswerethebestwaytoattain

higheryieldsinconventionalagriculture.Butthesechemicalstendtoaccumulateinthesoilandundergroundwater，andaffectthecropsand，

in

turn，theanimalsandhumanswhodigestthem.

Howtotacklethisissue？Scientistsareconvincedthattheanswerliesinagriculturaltechnology.Theydevotethemselvestogeneratingseedswithsuperbcharacteristics，whichcanreducerisksofpestandboost

outputgreatly.Inthemeantime，morefarmershaveturnedtoorganicfarming.Theyentirelyavoidtheuseofchemicalpesticidesandfertiliserssothattheproductshavebetterflavourandcomprise

richernutrition，

for

instance，

essential

minerals.Wehopethatwithscientists’

intenseeffortsandthewidespreadapplicationofagriculturaltechnology，farmerscanhavemorealternatives.

1devote

vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于1.[外研选必④-1]AfterSherlockHolmesmadehimahouseholdname，Doylegaveup

medicineanddevotedhimselfentirelyto

(write).writing

教师尊享·点拨句意：在福尔摩斯使道尔变得家喻户晓之后，道尔放弃了行医，全身心投入写

作。ahouseholdname家喻户晓的人(或物)。2.SunJiadong’s

(devote)toChina’sspaceindustryiswonderfullyinspiring.3.2008年，张桂梅成立了一所女子学校，她把所有的时间和精力都投入了进去。In2008，ZhangGuimeisetupanall-girlshighschool，

⁠

.(＂介词＋which＂引导的非限制性定语从句)4.我最崇拜的人是袁隆平，他一生致力于水稻生产。 (人物介绍)ThepersonIadmiremostisYuanLongping，

⁠

.(定语从句)devotion

towhichshedevotedallher

timeandenergy

whodevotedallhislifetoriceproduction

★devote...to...把……用于；献身；致力；专心devoteoneselfto(doing)sth.致力于(做)某事★devotedadj.挚爱的；忠诚的；全心全意的bedevotedto(doing)sth.专心于(做)某事；致力于(做)某事★devotionn.关爱；奉献；专心2convince

vt.使相信；使确信；说服1.[外研选必①-5]ButDarwin’sscientificstudieswereso

(convince)that

moreandmorepeoplestartedtobelievehistheory.2.[外研选必④-3]Greattohearyou’recomingtotheUS！IhopeIcanconvinceyou

(stop)byandvisitusinNewYork.3.Givenhisexperience，Iamconvinced

⁠hisabilitytotackletheproblem.convincing

tostop

of

4.我完全相信，通过我们的共同努力，我们能够克服这些困难。(读后续写之主旨升华)

⁠教师尊享·点拨在写作中，用Iamconvincedthat...代替Ibelieve/thinkthat...可为文章增色不少。Iamfullyconvincedthatwithourjointeffortswecanovercomethesedifficulties.

★convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事convincesb.todosth.说服某人做某事★convincedadj.坚信的；深信的；确信的beconvincedof...坚信……；确信……beconvincedthat＋从句

相信……；确信……★convincingadj.令人信服的3alternative

n.可供选择的事物

adj.可供替代的；非传统的1.Facialrecognitiontechnologyisaquickandcoolalternative

⁠traditionalpasswords，andyoucannotforgetyourownface！2.Youcanturntoatravelagency.

(alternative)，youcanorganiseyourowntrip.to

Alternatively

3.面对如此严峻的形势，人类除了通力合作来应对海洋危机之外别无选择。Facedwithsuchaseveresituation，humanbeings

⁠

⁠totackletheoceancrisis.havenoalternativebuttocooperate

witheachother

★analternativeto...……的替代品havenoalternative/choicebuttodosth.除了做某事之外别无选择★alternativelyadv.要不；或者4inturn

相应地；转而；依次；轮流1.我们为学生提供优质的教育。相应地，我们希望学生努力学习。Weofferanexcellenteducationtoourstudents.

⁠

⁠Inturn，weexpectstudentstostudyhard.

2.很快，轮到我发言了。面对人群，我非常紧张，以至于忘记了故事的某些部分。

(读后续写之情绪描写)Soon，

.Facingthecrowd，IwassonervousthatIforgotsomepartsofthestory.itwasmyturntospeak

3.我和我丈夫都想要健康的饮食，所以我们每天晚上轮流做饭。

→①BothmyhusbandandIwantahealthydiet，so

⁠.(taketurnstodosth.)→②BothmyhusbandandIwantahealthydiet，so

⁠.

(inturn)wetaketurnstocookeachevening

wecookeacheveninginturn

★taketurnstodosth.轮流做某事★It’ssb.’sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事。5given

that引导的原因状语从句1.鉴于寒假期间你独自一人留校，我邀请你到我家过春节。(邀请信)

，IinviteyoutomyhomefortheSpringFestival.Giventhatyouarealoneatschoolduringthewintervacation

2.考虑到你喜欢孩子，教书看来是适合你的工作。→①

，teachingseemstherightjobforyou.(given)→②

，teachingseemstherightjobforyou.(giventhat)Givenyourinterestinchildren

Giventhatyoulikechildren

★giventhat引导原因状语从句，表示“考虑到；鉴于……＂。★givenprep.考虑到；鉴于

前缀out-本单元：out-(向外)＋put(放)→向外放东西→output输出拓展：

通过构词法猜测单词在语境中的词性及含义。1.[2023新高考Ⅱ]Jaramillo’sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswherefreshfoodandgreenspacearenoteasytofindandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumber

grocerystores.

⁠2.[2023新高考Ⅱ]Continueddevelopmentsincommunicationtechnologieswereoncebelievedtomaketheprintedpageoutdated.

⁠v.多于adj.过时的3.[2023浙江1月]Amachinecannownotonlybeatyouatchess，itcanalsooutperform

youindebate.

⁠4.Theman，whopassedawayin2005，

outlivedhiswifebythreeyears.

⁠

⁠5.LittleBryanhasagoodappetiteandexercisesoften，thushehasalreadyoutgrownhis

olderbrother.

⁠v.胜过；超过v.比……

活得久v.比……长得高/快/大教师尊享·点拨1.out-(超出)＋number(数量)→数量上超出→outnumberv.多于2.out-(超出)＋date(日期)＋-ed→超出日期的→outdatedadj.过时的3.out-(超出)＋perform(表现)→在表现上超越→outperformv.胜过；超过4.out-(超出)＋live(活着)→outlivev.比……活得久5.out-(超出)＋grow(成长)→outgrowv.比……长得高/快/大

Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配、易错动词变形1.[2022全国乙]Therearealternatives

constantwrittencommunication，suchas

leavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.2.[2022北京]Asystemsapproachtocreatingchangeisalsobuiltonthe

(assume)thateveryoneinthesystemhasequalpower.to

assumption

ⅠⅡⅢ3.[2022北京]Therearesomeactivitieswhicheveryoneshoulddoinourlife.

⁠

instance，wemustexercisedailyregardlessofourageandworkingstyle.4.[2021新高考Ⅱ]However，heismoredevoted

his＂role＂thananyrealactor.For

to

5.[2021天津]Participatingintheartsisessential

childdevelopment...6.[2020天津]Heconvincedthepolicedepartment

(allow)himtosetupa

coupleof＂chatbenches＂intwooftheirlocalparks.for/to

toallow

7.[2020北京]

realityithasmoretodowiththewayanindividualtalkstohimself.8.[江苏高考]Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot＂beoverlyconcernedabout‘bad’tables＂，

(give)thatthey’reprofitable.In

given

ⅠⅡⅢⅡ.阅读理解——

一词多义、熟词生义1.A.视力B.视野C.展望，想象①[2022北京]Moreresearchers，policymakersandrepresentativesfromthefoodindustry

mustlearntolookbeyondtheirdirectlinesofresponsibilityandadoptasystemsapproach.

Crystalknewthatvisionsalonedon’tproduceresults，butconcludedthat＂we’llnever

produceresultsthatwecan’tenvision＂.

⁠②[江苏高考]Humankindpaidforitsbroadvisionandskillfulhandswithbackachesand

painfulnecks.

⁠③[全国Ⅲ]Theseincludecustom-madenavigation(导航)tools，nightvisionsystemsand

intelligentspeedadaptations.

⁠C

B

A

ⅠⅡⅢ教师尊享·点拨

vision常用作不可数名词，表示＂视力＂＂视野＂，作可数名词时表示＂展望，

想象＂，常在高考阅读和完形中出现。第①句句意：更多来自食品行业的研究人员、政策制定者和代表们必须学会超

越他们的直接责任范围，采取一种系统的方法。克里斯特尔知道，仅凭愿景并不能

产生结果，但她最后说＂我们永远无法得出我们无法想象的结果＂。第②句句意：人类以背痛和脖子痛为代价获得了广阔的视野和灵巧的双手。第③句句意：这些包括定制的导航工具、夜视系统和智能调速。ⅠⅡⅢ2.①[2022全国乙]Long-lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact(联系)andsharewithoneanother.

⁠②[2020浙江1月]Akeyskillsetforsuccessispersistence(毅力)，acharacteristicthat

researcherssayisheavilyinfluencedbyfathers.

⁠n.特点n.品质3.[2022北京]Myperfectionisttendencieswerethemainrootofthis：IwantedtobeperfectatwhateverIdid，whichobviouslyinlifeisnotpossible，butitconsumedme.

⁠n.根源ⅠⅡⅢ教师尊享·点拨

root也可活用作动词，表示＂(使)生根＂。Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写写作一

基础写作——有机农业近年来，有机农业成为一个热点话题，为此你班同学在英语课上就是否要发展

有机农业展开讨论，请你根据下表内容用英语写一篇短文。80％赞成1.有机食品味道更好，营养更充足；2.有机农业保护土壤。20％反对目前有机食物不能满足市场需求我的观点……ⅠⅡⅢ◎写作要点1.他们认为有机食品不使用化肥，味道更好，营养更丰富。(flavour，nutrition，

chemical，fertiliser)2.有机农业也使土壤富含矿物质。(soil，mineral)

Theythinkthatorganicfoodhasbetterflavourandmorenutritionwithoutchemical

fertiliser.

Organicfarmingalsokeepsthesoilrichinminerals.

⁠

⁠

⁠ⅠⅡⅢ3.我们面临的现实是，有机食品的产量无法满足市场需求，尤其是当我们仍在努力

消除贫困时。(reality，yield，poverty)

Wearefacingtherealitythattheyieldoforganicfoodcan’tmeetthemarket’sdemands，especiallywhenwearestillstrugglingtoremovepoverty.

⁠

⁠ⅠⅡⅢ◎连句成篇请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。

⁠

⁠

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Inrecentyears，organicfarmingisverywelcome.However，opinionsdifferon

whethertodeveloporganicfarmingfurther.

80％ofstudentsareinfavorofit.Firstly，theythinkthatorganicfoodhasbetter

flavourandmorenutritionwithoutchemicalfertiliser.Organicfarmingalsokeepsthesoil

richinminerals.However，20％ofthemareagainstit.Intheirview，wearefacingthe

realitythattheyieldoforganicfoodcan’tmeetthemarket’sdemands，especiallywhen

wearestillstrugglingtoremovepoverty.

Inmyopinion，weshouldadoptapositiveattitudetowardsorganicfarming，

andIamconvincedthatwewillfindawin-winsolution.

ⅠⅡⅢ写作二

读后续写——动作描写之＂嘴部＂动作积累背诵单词eat，drink，yawn打哈欠，swallow咽，chew嚼，bite，lick，blow，

water流口水

词组1.coverone’smouth捂住嘴2.openone’smouth张开嘴3.shutup闭嘴4.stickone’stongueout吐舌头5.biteone’slip(因尴尬、悲伤、生气或不愿开口而)紧咬嘴唇ⅠⅡⅢ积累背诵佳句1.Thewomanwith

a

wide

smile

on

her

faceisdefinitelythehappiestpersonintheroom.那个露出灿烂笑容的女人无疑是房间里最开心的人。2.Dannyrubbedhisarmsandblew

on

his

fingerstowarmthem.丹尼搓着胳膊，并向他的手指上哈气来暖手。3.Whenthereportwasfinallyfinished，shestretchedherarmsoutandgave

a

great

yawn.报告终于写完了，她伸了个懒腰，打了个大大的哈欠。ⅠⅡⅢ仿写运用根据左栏素材完成下列各句1.泪水从她的脸颊流下来，她难以置信地捂住嘴巴。Withtearsstreamingdownherface，she

⁠.2.她张大嘴巴，无法相信眼前的景象。

，shecouldn’tbelievewhatshewasseeinginfrontofher.(with复合结构)c