2024-2025学年湖南长沙市芙蓉高中等部分学校高二下学期开学联考英语试卷

2024—2025学年湖南长沙市芙蓉高中等部分学校高二下学期开学联考英语试卷

一、阅读理解(★★)TheStudentActivityCenter（SAC）isavibrantanddynamicplacethatservesasacenterforvariousstudent-ledactivities.HerearesomeexcitingactivitiesorganizedbySACforcollegefreshmen.ArtGalleryExplorationMeetwithothernewfreshmenandheadtothelocalartgallery.Onceinside,youcanexploredifferentartexhibitions,fromclassicpaintingstomodernsculptures.You’llhavetheopportunitytointeractwithartistsandlearnaboutthecreativeprocessbehindtheirworks.OutdoorSceneryExperienceExperiencenaturalscenerywithyourfellowfreshmen!We’llstartfromtheuniversity’seastgatealongascenictrailinthenearbynaturereserveoffcampus.Duringtheday,you’llenjoythebeautifulnaturalscenery,observedifferentplantsandanimals,andlearnaboutthelocalecosystemwithyourcameras.ScienceFictionBookClubGatheringForallthebookwormsandscience-fictionenthusiasts,theSACishostingascience-fictionbookclubgathering.Wewillmeetinthelibrary’sdiscussionroom.Thefirstsessionwillfocusonintroducingsomeclassicscience-fictionnovelsanddiscussingtheirthemesandsignificance.Youcanshareyourthoughts,favoritestories,andevenrecommendbookstoothers.FitnessBootcampAreyoulookingtogetfitandmeetnewfriends?Joinourfitnessbootcamp!Ledbyprofessionaltrainers,thisactivitywilltakeplaceontheuniversity’ssportsfield.You’llengageinavarietyofexercises.It’sagreatwaytostartyourfitnessjourneyandgettoknowyourpeerswhosharethesameinterestinhealthandwellness.1.WhatcanstudentsdointheArtGalleryExploration?

A．Teachothershowtodraw.B．Buysomeartpiecesatadiscount.C．Learnaboutthecreationofartworks.D．Takepartinapaintingcompetition.2.Whichactivityissuitableforthosewhowanttoimprovetheirphysicalcondition?

A．ArtGalleryExploration.B．OutdoorSceneryExperience.C．ScienceFictionBookClubGathering.D．FitnessBootcamp.3.Whatdothesefouractivitieshaveincommon?

A．Theyallrequirestudentstobringtheirownequipment.B．Theyareallledbyprofessionalinstructors.C．Theyalltakeplaceontheuniversitycampus.D．Theyarealldesignedforcollegefreshmen.(★★)HelenClitheroewas32whenshestarteddoingthesteeplechase(障碍赛跑).BritishAthleticsencouragedhertotryitbecause2008wouldbethefirsttimewomen’ssteeplechasewasintheOlympics.Shehadneverjumpedoverbarriersbeforeherthirties.In2010,shecompetedinboththe1,500mandsteeplechaseattheCommonwealthGames,whichbecameaturningpoint.Afterafewinjuriesandfallingoutoflovewiththesteeplechasealittlebit,shetalkedwithhercoachJohnNuttallaboutheroptions.Theydecidedtoattemptdifferentchallengestofocusonlongerdistances—the5,000mand10,000m.In2011,althoughtheyhadn’tplannedtocompeteindoorsthatseason,shewasinexcellentshape.ShewonthematchinGlasgow,breakingLizMcColgan’srecord.Thenshesetherpersonalbestinthe3,000matBirmingham.GoingintotheEuropeanAthleticsIndoorChampionships,shewasthefastestrunneronpaper,butshehadcomefourthtwicebeforeinthesechampionships.Hercoachandshediscussedracestrategycarefully.Forthefirsttime,shefollowedhercoach’sadviceexactly,stayingnearthefrontbutnotleadinguntiltheend.Shehadnevertrustedherfinishingsprint(冲刺)before,butthatdayshedid.EventhoughRussianrunnerOlesyaSyrevawasclosebehind,shewonherfirstgoldmedal.At37,shebecametheoldestpersontowinaEuropeanindoortitle.Manypeoplehadkeptaskingwhenshewouldretire,butthisvictoryprovedthatolderathletescouldstillsucceed.Shechangedhertrainingasshegotolder,beingmorecarefulwithhardtrainingsessionsandtakingmoretimetorecover.Asshesays,aslongasyoutakecareofyourbody,youcanstillrunfast.Thiswinwasspecialbecauseitcameaftermanyyearsoftryingandshowedthatageshouldn’tlimitanyone’sdreamsinsports.4.WhatmotivatedBritishAthleticstosuggestthesteeplechasetoHelen?

A．Herrunningspeed.B．Herjumpingability.C．ThechancetoparticipateintheOlympics.D．Thepopularityofthesteeplechase.5.WhatcanbeinferredfromHelen’sconversationwithhercoach?

A．Shewantedtoretire.B．Shelackedconfidence.C．Sheneedednewchallenges.D．Shefearedcompetition.6.WhatmadeHelensuccessfulinthefinalraceaccordingtoparagraph4?

A．Shefollowedhercoach’sracearrangements.B．Shechangedherstyle.C．Shecopiedherteammates.D．Shetrainedharderthanothers.7.Whatmessagedoesthetextmainlyconvey?

A．Trainingmethodsvarywithage.B．Challengeisunavoidableinlife.C．Ageisnolimitationtosuccess.D．Successbelongstothosewithcuriosity.(★★★)Engineersusuallybuilddevicesusingsolidslikemetalorplastic.However,ateaminChinahascreatedanewtypeofdeviceusingdropsofwater.Thesedeviceshelpstudyandmanagementoftinyamountsofliquid(液体),andthebestpartisthattheyareeasytobuild,adjust,andrefashion.Theideaforthisprojectcamefromblocks.XinDu,aresearcheratSoutheastUniversityinNanjing,China,wasinspiredwhenastudentbroughtinasetofblocks.Durealizedthatjustlikeblocksthatcanbeamalgamatedtogetherandcanberearranged,waterdroplets(水滴)coulddosomethingsimilar.Thiscouldbeagreatwaytobuildsystemsthatcontroltheflowofliquidsintinytubes,afieldknownasmicrofluidics,whichstudieshowliquidsmoveinsmallspaces,suchasinbatteriesortomodelbloodflowinthebody.Intheirresearch,Du’steamdesignedasystemwherewaterdropletscouldsticktogethertoformaliquidpath.Theycreatedagridwithtinyplasticcolumnsthatheldthedropletsinplace.Whenthedropletstouched,theyjoinedtogetherbutdidnotspill(溢出)out.Thisallowedthescientiststocontrolthedirectionoftheliquidpath.Iftheyneededtochangethedirection,theycouldeasilymovethedropletsaround,muchlikechangingthesetupofblocks.Thesystemwasreconfigurable,meaningitcouldbequicklyadjustedwithoutstartingover.Thisflexibilityisimportantinmicrofluidics,whereexperimentsoftenneedtobechangedasnewdiscoveriesaremade.Du’steamisalsoworkingtoimprovethesystembymakingevensmallerchannels.Theirfinalgoalistousethistechnologytoimproveorganoidresearch,whereartificialorgans(人造器官)madefromlivingcellsarestudied.Thisnewsystemcouldprovidebetterwaystosupplynutrientsorbloodtothesegrowingcells,makingthestudyoflivingtissuesmoreaccurateandefficient.8.HowdoesthedevicecreatedbytheteaminChinadifferfromothers?

A．Itismadefromplastic.B．Itisdesignedbyastudent.C．Itemployswaterdrops.D．Itfeaturesmetalstructures.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“amalgamated”inparagraph2probablymean?

A．Enlarged.B．Combined.C．Distinguished.D．Shown.10.WhatdoesDu’steamexpectofthesystem?

A．Itwillhavewideapplicationinmedicaltreatment.B．Itwillbringaheavyprofittotheteam.C．Itwillenablestudentstobefondofblocks.D．Itwilldecreasethecostofartificialorgans.11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A．ExposuretoVariousBlocksSharpenstheBrain.B．BlocksInspiredaNewWaytoStudyLiquids.C．ThereIsaGrowingTrendTowardPlayingBlocks.D．EngineersUnlockedtheSecretofWaterDroplets.(★★★)Atsomelevel,adviceonhowtoinspireemployeesissilly.It’susuallyeitherobvious—begoodatyourjob,bepassionateabouttheworkandmakethepeopleonyourteamsfeelvalued—orshockinglyunreal.ButmuchmorepracticalinsightscanbefoundinacomingbookcalledInspire:TheUniversalPathforLeadingYourselfandOthers,byAdamGalinsky,anacademicatColumbiaBusinessSchool.Lotsoffirmsuseaseriesofboringlyabstract(抽象的)wordstoconveytheirgoal:“change”,“innovate”,“connect”andsoon.MrGalinskycitesanexperimentthatshowedtheeffectofmoreconcrete(具体的)language.Init,teamswereaskedtodesigntoysandgivenavisionstatementtoguidetheirbehaviour.Teamswhowerehandedastatementwithmorevisuallanguage—tocreatetoysthat“…makewide-eyedkidslaughandproudparentssmile”—producedmoreengagingtoysthanteamswhoweregivensomethingmoregeneral.AnotherstudyismentionedinMrGalinsky’sbook.Participantswereaskedtoreflectonimportanteventsintheirlives,suchastheirchoiceofcollege.Somewerealsoaskedtothinkabouthowthingswouldhaveturnedoutifthiseventhadnothappened.Thisgroupattributedgreatermeaningtotheeventinquestion,whetherbecausetheyconcludedfatehadplayedapartinitorbecauseitforcedthemtothinkthroughitsresultsmoreclearly.Thistypeofcounterfactual(反事实的)thinkingcanalsobeusedtostrengthenemployees’tiestofirms:Promptingpeopletoimagineaworldinwhichtheircompanydoesnotexistseemstoincreaseasenseofbelonging.PerhapsthemoststrikingideainMrGalinsky’sbookisthat,insteadofbossesmotivatingpeoplefromabove,individualscandoitforthemselves.InthisstudysomeSwisscitizenswhohadnewlyregisteredwithagovernmentemploymentagencywereaskedtodoa10-to15-minuteexerciseinwhichtheyreflectedonvaluesthatmatteredtothem.Theywerethreetimesmorelikelytofindajobthanthosewhodidnotdotheexercise.12.Whyisastatementwithmorevisuallanguagementioned?

A．ToproveMrGalinsky’sview.B．Topromotealivelyairinfirms.C．Tostaterichnessofalanguage.D．Topersuadereaderstovalueexpression.13.Whatroledoesthecounterfactualthinkingplayinafirm?

A．Itmakesemployeesreflectontheirstrengths.B．Itpromotesemployees’senseofbelonging.C．Itinspiresemployeestostudyhard.D．Ittrainsemployeestobecreative.14.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A．Aninterestingexampleaboutdesigningtoys.B．Individuals’self-motivationforjob-seeking.C．PracticaluseofSwissgovernmentmeasures.D．AnemploymentplanfromColumbiaBusinessSchool.15.Whatisthetextprobably?

A．Anintroduction.B．Aresearcharticle.C．Anewsreport.D．Ajournal.(★★)Althoughmanypeoplestillliketohavethreemainmealsaday,othersarechoosingalighterwayofeatingratherthanrichmeals.16..Theimportantthingistomakesureyouchoosehealthyfoods.17.Thedemandsofmodernlifemeanthatwedon’talwayshavetheopportunitytositdownandeatthreemealsaday.Forsomepeople,thepressuresofcombiningworkandfamilyleavelittletimeforfoodpreparation.Othersregularlyeatontheirownanddon’twanttobothercookingafullmeal.FocusonnutrientsThereisno“right”wayofeating,aslongasyoutakeinallthenutrientsyourbodyrequires.18..Boredomorstresscandriveustothefridge,orcornershop.Ifyoumakesureallyoursnacksarenutritiousones,aswellaslowerinfatandsugar,youarelesslikelytoeatbeyondyourbody’sneeds.ChoosehealthysnacksStarchycarbohydrates（淀粉类碳水化合物）havealottooffernutritionallyandmakeexcellentchoicesasthebasisbothforsnacksandforlunch.19..Freshfruitsorvegetablesarebothexcellentchoicesforalightsnack.Althoughnotasfillingasstarchycarbohydratefoods,someofthemarehighindisease-fightingvitamins.Makingtimeforlunch20.,mostofustrytomaketimeforlunch,evenifitisjusta“lightbite”—asandwichintheoffice,orasimplehotdishinthecanteen,Lunchisanessentialpauseinthemiddleoftheday,achancetorelaxandrechargeourbatteriesalittle.

A．AswearefamiliarwithourhabitsB．EitheroptionisequallyacceptableC．EatinawaythatsuitsyourlifestyleD．Wedon’tjusteatbecausewe’rehungryE．ChangeyourlifestylethrougheatingproperlyF．NomatterwhatoureatingpatternisfortherestofthedayG．Theyarefillingandhelpyoustayfilledwithenergyforawhile二、完形填空(★★★)Yearsago,Iwasamanageratanow-closedbigboxstore.Eachholiday,wepartneredwithalocalnon-profitorganizationfora“BreakfastwithSanta(圣诞老人)”for_________kidswhowereindesperateneedofothers’help.Theywouldbe_________toafreebreakfastinourcafe,visitwithSantaandgetagift,andthenbegivenagiftcardtogoshopping.Oneyear,noneoftheotheremployeeswantedto_________becauseofheavywork.Iendeduppickingoutand_________allofthegiftsforSantatohandout.Thenbecausewecouldn’tgetanyoneto_________Santa,theeventwasnearlycanceled.In_________,tomakethekidsgetthegifts,22-year-oldmefinally_________theSanta’ssuitandmanagedtopassasSanta.Whenthedaycame,kidsgatheredaroundme,sharingtheir_________.Ashyseven-or-eight-year-oldgirlwhisperedsheonly_________aBarbiedoll.SinceI’dwrappedallthegifts,Iknew____________whichpresentstheywere.Igrabbedonefromthebagandgaveittoher,andshewentbacktohertable.Herface____________withdelight.“HowdidyouknowIwantedaBarbie?!”sheasked.“Santaknowseverything”wasmy______________.Shehuggedmeandleft.Abouttwentyyearshavepassed,andeveryChristmas,I____________thatgirlandherjoy.Ioften__________ifshestillremembersthatBarbieandthemagicofthatday.Itwasamomentthathasstayedwithmealltheseyears,a____________ofthepowerofkindness.21.A．hard-workingB．well-behavedC．poverty-strickenD．strong-minded22.A．treatedB．attractedC．connectedD．directed23.A．compareB．investigateC．participateD．refuse24.A．appreciatingB．wrappingC．examiningD．polishing25.A．playB．pleaseC．aidD．recognize26.A．amazementB．hesitationC．amusementD．satisfaction27.A．putonB．gaveupC．dealtwithD．staredat28.A．performancesB．choicesC．essaysD．wishes29.A．expectedB．soldC．donatedD．perceived30.A．angrilyB．graduallyC．exactlyD．accidentally31.A．cloudedB．paledC．hardenedD．brightened32.A．complaintB．guaranteeC．responseD．guess33.A．admireB．recallC．praiseD．blame34.A．checkB．confirmC．predictD．wonder35.A．judgementB．reminderC．requirementD．review三、语法填空(★★)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Jade(玉)carving,anancientChineseart,isseeingarevivalinSuzhou.Skilledartisansarebringingnewlifetothiscraft,36.(connect)innovationwithtradition.YuTing,aSuzhou-basedjadecarver,isat37.centerofthismovement.Usingadvancedtools,hecreates38.(extreme)thinjadepieces,somelessthan0.5mmthick.Oneofhismost39.(remark)worksisa34cmtallbottledecoratedwithintricatepatterns.Startingwith39kgofrawjade,the40.(finish)pieceweighsonly478grams.Thecreationprocess,41.lastedthreeyears,requiredgreatattention,aseventheslightestmistakecoulddestroythepiece.AnothernotablefigureisYangXi,anational-levelmasterofjadecarving.InspiredbySuzhou’swaterwaysandculturalheritage,hetransformsjadeintobridges,leaves,andscenesfromChineseliterature,Hisskillinturningunusedjadeintobeautifuldecorationsshowshis42.(commit)tocreativityandsustainability.BothYuandYangareenthusiastic43.developingtheircrafttomeetmoderntasteswhilepreservingitshistory.Recently,theirworks44.(earn)globalrecognition,withpiecesdisplayedincollectionsliketheBritishMuseum.Together,theyareallowingthelegacyofjadecarving45.(shine)inthemodernera.四、书信写作(★★)46.假定你是李华，最近你校英文报计划增设一个“SchoolLife”的新版块，需要刊登一些记录同学们的校园生活的文章。请你给交换生Alex写一封邮件，内容包括：1．增设目的；2．约稿要求；3．鼓励他投稿。注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearAlex,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、书面表达(★★)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenIwasalittleboy,Ididn’tseemtobegoodatanythingsothatIfeltinferior(较差的).IlongedtoachievesomethingtoprovetomyselfthatIamacapableperson.So,Itookpartinvariouscompetitions,hopingtoexperiencethethrillofvictoryandboostmyself-esteem(自尊).Unfortunately,Ineversucceededinanyofthesecompetitions.Thisconstantfailureledmetofeeldiscouraged.Feelingupset,Iwantedtogiveuptryingaltogether.Whenmyfathernoticedmydisheartenedspirit,hedecidedtostepinandhelpme.OnesunnySaturdayafternoon,hetookmetoacarnivalheldbyourlocalcommunitycenter.Everyyear,ourtowneagerlyawaitedthiscarnival,whichwasorganizedtoraisefundsforlocalcharities.Thecarnivalfeaturedawiderangeofdeliciousfoods,excitingrides,games,music,andotherattractions.Mydadledmetoacolorfultentatthecarnival.Inside,agamewassetupspecificallyforchildren.Thegameinvolvedthrowingringsontobottlestowinprizes.Anelderlym