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2024—2025学年湖南长沙市芙蓉高中等部分学校高二下学期开学联考英语试卷
一、阅读理解(★★)TheStudentActivityCenter(SAC)isavibrantanddynamicplacethatservesasacenterforvariousstudent-ledactivities.HerearesomeexcitingactivitiesorganizedbySACforcollegefreshmen.ArtGalleryExplorationMeetwithothernewfreshmenandheadtothelocalartgallery.Onceinside,youcanexploredifferentartexhibitions,fromclassicpaintingstomodernsculptures.You’llhavetheopportunitytointeractwithartistsandlearnaboutthecreativeprocessbehindtheirworks.OutdoorSceneryExperienceExperiencenaturalscenerywithyourfellowfreshmen!We’llstartfromtheuniversity’seastgatealongascenictrailinthenearbynaturereserveoffcampus.Duringtheday,you’llenjoythebeautifulnaturalscenery,observedifferentplantsandanimals,andlearnaboutthelocalecosystemwithyourcameras.ScienceFictionBookClubGatheringForallthebookwormsandscience-fictionenthusiasts,theSACishostingascience-fictionbookclubgathering.Wewillmeetinthelibrary’sdiscussionroom.Thefirstsessionwillfocusonintroducingsomeclassicscience-fictionnovelsanddiscussingtheirthemesandsignificance.Youcanshareyourthoughts,favoritestories,andevenrecommendbookstoothers.FitnessBootcampAreyoulookingtogetfitandmeetnewfriends?Joinourfitnessbootcamp!Ledbyprofessionaltrainers,thisactivitywilltakeplaceontheuniversity’ssportsfield.You’llengageinavarietyofexercises.It’sagreatwaytostartyourfitnessjourneyandgettoknowyourpeerswhosharethesameinterestinhealthandwellness.1.WhatcanstudentsdointheArtGalleryExploration?
A.Teachothershowtodraw.B.Buysomeartpiecesatadiscount.C.Learnaboutthecreationofartworks.D.Takepartinapaintingcompetition.2.Whichactivityissuitableforthosewhowanttoimprovetheirphysicalcondition?
A.ArtGalleryExploration.B.OutdoorSceneryExperience.C.ScienceFictionBookClubGathering.D.FitnessBootcamp.3.Whatdothesefouractivitieshaveincommon?
A.Theyallrequirestudentstobringtheirownequipment.B.Theyareallledbyprofessionalinstructors.C.Theyalltakeplaceontheuniversitycampus.D.Theyarealldesignedforcollegefreshmen.(★★)HelenClitheroewas32whenshestarteddoingthesteeplechase(障碍赛跑).BritishAthleticsencouragedhertotryitbecause2008wouldbethefirsttimewomen’ssteeplechasewasintheOlympics.Shehadneverjumpedoverbarriersbeforeherthirties.In2010,shecompetedinboththe1,500mandsteeplechaseattheCommonwealthGames,whichbecameaturningpoint.Afterafewinjuriesandfallingoutoflovewiththesteeplechasealittlebit,shetalkedwithhercoachJohnNuttallaboutheroptions.Theydecidedtoattemptdifferentchallengestofocusonlongerdistances—the5,000mand10,000m.In2011,althoughtheyhadn’tplannedtocompeteindoorsthatseason,shewasinexcellentshape.ShewonthematchinGlasgow,breakingLizMcColgan’srecord.Thenshesetherpersonalbestinthe3,000matBirmingham.GoingintotheEuropeanAthleticsIndoorChampionships,shewasthefastestrunneronpaper,butshehadcomefourthtwicebeforeinthesechampionships.Hercoachandshediscussedracestrategycarefully.Forthefirsttime,shefollowedhercoach’sadviceexactly,stayingnearthefrontbutnotleadinguntiltheend.Shehadnevertrustedherfinishingsprint(冲刺)before,butthatdayshedid.EventhoughRussianrunnerOlesyaSyrevawasclosebehind,shewonherfirstgoldmedal.At37,shebecametheoldestpersontowinaEuropeanindoortitle.Manypeoplehadkeptaskingwhenshewouldretire,butthisvictoryprovedthatolderathletescouldstillsucceed.Shechangedhertrainingasshegotolder,beingmorecarefulwithhardtrainingsessionsandtakingmoretimetorecover.Asshesays,aslongasyoutakecareofyourbody,youcanstillrunfast.Thiswinwasspecialbecauseitcameaftermanyyearsoftryingandshowedthatageshouldn’tlimitanyone’sdreamsinsports.4.WhatmotivatedBritishAthleticstosuggestthesteeplechasetoHelen?
A.Herrunningspeed.B.Herjumpingability.C.ThechancetoparticipateintheOlympics.D.Thepopularityofthesteeplechase.5.WhatcanbeinferredfromHelen’sconversationwithhercoach?
A.Shewantedtoretire.B.Shelackedconfidence.C.Sheneedednewchallenges.D.Shefearedcompetition.6.WhatmadeHelensuccessfulinthefinalraceaccordingtoparagraph4?
A.Shefollowedhercoach’sracearrangements.B.Shechangedherstyle.C.Shecopiedherteammates.D.Shetrainedharderthanothers.7.Whatmessagedoesthetextmainlyconvey?
A.Trainingmethodsvarywithage.B.Challengeisunavoidableinlife.C.Ageisnolimitationtosuccess.D.Successbelongstothosewithcuriosity.(★★★)Engineersusuallybuilddevicesusingsolidslikemetalorplastic.However,ateaminChinahascreatedanewtypeofdeviceusingdropsofwater.Thesedeviceshelpstudyandmanagementoftinyamountsofliquid(液体),andthebestpartisthattheyareeasytobuild,adjust,andrefashion.Theideaforthisprojectcamefromblocks.XinDu,aresearcheratSoutheastUniversityinNanjing,China,wasinspiredwhenastudentbroughtinasetofblocks.Durealizedthatjustlikeblocksthatcanbeamalgamatedtogetherandcanberearranged,waterdroplets(水滴)coulddosomethingsimilar.Thiscouldbeagreatwaytobuildsystemsthatcontroltheflowofliquidsintinytubes,afieldknownasmicrofluidics,whichstudieshowliquidsmoveinsmallspaces,suchasinbatteriesortomodelbloodflowinthebody.Intheirresearch,Du’steamdesignedasystemwherewaterdropletscouldsticktogethertoformaliquidpath.Theycreatedagridwithtinyplasticcolumnsthatheldthedropletsinplace.Whenthedropletstouched,theyjoinedtogetherbutdidnotspill(溢出)out.Thisallowedthescientiststocontrolthedirectionoftheliquidpath.Iftheyneededtochangethedirection,theycouldeasilymovethedropletsaround,muchlikechangingthesetupofblocks.Thesystemwasreconfigurable,meaningitcouldbequicklyadjustedwithoutstartingover.Thisflexibilityisimportantinmicrofluidics,whereexperimentsoftenneedtobechangedasnewdiscoveriesaremade.Du’steamisalsoworkingtoimprovethesystembymakingevensmallerchannels.Theirfinalgoalistousethistechnologytoimproveorganoidresearch,whereartificialorgans(人造器官)madefromlivingcellsarestudied.Thisnewsystemcouldprovidebetterwaystosupplynutrientsorbloodtothesegrowingcells,makingthestudyoflivingtissuesmoreaccurateandefficient.8.HowdoesthedevicecreatedbytheteaminChinadifferfromothers?
A.Itismadefromplastic.B.Itisdesignedbyastudent.C.Itemployswaterdrops.D.Itfeaturesmetalstructures.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“amalgamated”inparagraph2probablymean?
A.Enlarged.B.Combined.C.Distinguished.D.Shown.10.WhatdoesDu’steamexpectofthesystem?
A.Itwillhavewideapplicationinmedicaltreatment.B.Itwillbringaheavyprofittotheteam.C.Itwillenablestudentstobefondofblocks.D.Itwilldecreasethecostofartificialorgans.11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?
A.ExposuretoVariousBlocksSharpenstheBrain.B.BlocksInspiredaNewWaytoStudyLiquids.C.ThereIsaGrowingTrendTowardPlayingBlocks.D.EngineersUnlockedtheSecretofWaterDroplets.(★★★)Atsomelevel,adviceonhowtoinspireemployeesissilly.It’susuallyeitherobvious—begoodatyourjob,bepassionateabouttheworkandmakethepeopleonyourteamsfeelvalued—orshockinglyunreal.ButmuchmorepracticalinsightscanbefoundinacomingbookcalledInspire:TheUniversalPathforLeadingYourselfandOthers,byAdamGalinsky,anacademicatColumbiaBusinessSchool.Lotsoffirmsuseaseriesofboringlyabstract(抽象的)wordstoconveytheirgoal:“change”,“innovate”,“connect”andsoon.MrGalinskycitesanexperimentthatshowedtheeffectofmoreconcrete(具体的)language.Init,teamswereaskedtodesigntoysandgivenavisionstatementtoguidetheirbehaviour.Teamswhowerehandedastatementwithmorevisuallanguage—tocreatetoysthat“…makewide-eyedkidslaughandproudparentssmile”—producedmoreengagingtoysthanteamswhoweregivensomethingmoregeneral.AnotherstudyismentionedinMrGalinsky’sbook.Participantswereaskedtoreflectonimportanteventsintheirlives,suchastheirchoiceofcollege.Somewerealsoaskedtothinkabouthowthingswouldhaveturnedoutifthiseventhadnothappened.Thisgroupattributedgreatermeaningtotheeventinquestion,whetherbecausetheyconcludedfatehadplayedapartinitorbecauseitforcedthemtothinkthroughitsresultsmoreclearly.Thistypeofcounterfactual(反事实的)thinkingcanalsobeusedtostrengthenemployees’tiestofirms:Promptingpeopletoimagineaworldinwhichtheircompanydoesnotexistseemstoincreaseasenseofbelonging.PerhapsthemoststrikingideainMrGalinsky’sbookisthat,insteadofbossesmotivatingpeoplefromabove,individualscandoitforthemselves.InthisstudysomeSwisscitizenswhohadnewlyregisteredwithagovernmentemploymentagencywereaskedtodoa10-to15-minuteexerciseinwhichtheyreflectedonvaluesthatmatteredtothem.Theywerethreetimesmorelikelytofindajobthanthosewhodidnotdotheexercise.12.Whyisastatementwithmorevisuallanguagementioned?
A.ToproveMrGalinsky’sview.B.Topromotealivelyairinfirms.C.Tostaterichnessofalanguage.D.Topersuadereaderstovalueexpression.13.Whatroledoesthecounterfactualthinkingplayinafirm?
A.Itmakesemployeesreflectontheirstrengths.B.Itpromotesemployees’senseofbelonging.C.Itinspiresemployeestostudyhard.D.Ittrainsemployeestobecreative.14.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?
A.Aninterestingexampleaboutdesigningtoys.B.Individuals’self-motivationforjob-seeking.C.PracticaluseofSwissgovernmentmeasures.D.AnemploymentplanfromColumbiaBusinessSchool.15.Whatisthetextprobably?
A.Anintroduction.B.Aresearcharticle.C.Anewsreport.D.Ajournal.(★★)Althoughmanypeoplestillliketohavethreemainmealsaday,othersarechoosingalighterwayofeatingratherthanrichmeals.16..Theimportantthingistomakesureyouchoosehealthyfoods.17.Thedemandsofmodernlifemeanthatwedon’talwayshavetheopportunitytositdownandeatthreemealsaday.Forsomepeople,thepressuresofcombiningworkandfamilyleavelittletimeforfoodpreparation.Othersregularlyeatontheirownanddon’twanttobothercookingafullmeal.FocusonnutrientsThereisno“right”wayofeating,aslongasyoutakeinallthenutrientsyourbodyrequires.18..Boredomorstresscandriveustothefridge,orcornershop.Ifyoumakesureallyoursnacksarenutritiousones,aswellaslowerinfatandsugar,youarelesslikelytoeatbeyondyourbody’sneeds.ChoosehealthysnacksStarchycarbohydrates(淀粉类碳水化合物)havealottooffernutritionallyandmakeexcellentchoicesasthebasisbothforsnacksandforlunch.19..Freshfruitsorvegetablesarebothexcellentchoicesforalightsnack.Althoughnotasfillingasstarchycarbohydratefoods,someofthemarehighindisease-fightingvitamins.Makingtimeforlunch20.,mostofustrytomaketimeforlunch,evenifitisjusta“lightbite”—asandwichintheoffice,orasimplehotdishinthecanteen,Lunchisanessentialpauseinthemiddleoftheday,achancetorelaxandrechargeourbatteriesalittle.
A.AswearefamiliarwithourhabitsB.EitheroptionisequallyacceptableC.EatinawaythatsuitsyourlifestyleD.Wedon’tjusteatbecausewe’rehungryE.ChangeyourlifestylethrougheatingproperlyF.NomatterwhatoureatingpatternisfortherestofthedayG.Theyarefillingandhelpyoustayfilledwithenergyforawhile二、完形填空(★★★)Yearsago,Iwasamanageratanow-closedbigboxstore.Eachholiday,wepartneredwithalocalnon-profitorganizationfora“BreakfastwithSanta(圣诞老人)”for_________kidswhowereindesperateneedofothers’help.Theywouldbe_________toafreebreakfastinourcafe,visitwithSantaandgetagift,andthenbegivenagiftcardtogoshopping.Oneyear,noneoftheotheremployeeswantedto_________becauseofheavywork.Iendeduppickingoutand_________allofthegiftsforSantatohandout.Thenbecausewecouldn’tgetanyoneto_________Santa,theeventwasnearlycanceled.In_________,tomakethekidsgetthegifts,22-year-oldmefinally_________theSanta’ssuitandmanagedtopassasSanta.Whenthedaycame,kidsgatheredaroundme,sharingtheir_________.Ashyseven-or-eight-year-oldgirlwhisperedsheonly_________aBarbiedoll.SinceI’dwrappedallthegifts,Iknew____________whichpresentstheywere.Igrabbedonefromthebagandgaveittoher,andshewentbacktohertable.Herface____________withdelight.“HowdidyouknowIwantedaBarbie?!”sheasked.“Santaknowseverything”wasmy______________.Shehuggedmeandleft.Abouttwentyyearshavepassed,andeveryChristmas,I____________thatgirlandherjoy.Ioften__________ifshestillremembersthatBarbieandthemagicofthatday.Itwasamomentthathasstayedwithmealltheseyears,a____________ofthepowerofkindness.21.A.hard-workingB.well-behavedC.poverty-strickenD.strong-minded22.A.treatedB.attractedC.connectedD.directed23.A.compareB.investigateC.participateD.refuse24.A.appreciatingB.wrappingC.examiningD.polishing25.A.playB.pleaseC.aidD.recognize26.A.amazementB.hesitationC.amusementD.satisfaction27.A.putonB.gaveupC.dealtwithD.staredat28.A.performancesB.choicesC.essaysD.wishes29.A.expectedB.soldC.donatedD.perceived30.A.angrilyB.graduallyC.exactlyD.accidentally31.A.cloudedB.paledC.hardenedD.brightened32.A.complaintB.guaranteeC.responseD.guess33.A.admireB.recallC.praiseD.blame34.A.checkB.confirmC.predictD.wonder35.A.judgementB.reminderC.requirementD.review三、语法填空(★★)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Jade(玉)carving,anancientChineseart,isseeingarevivalinSuzhou.Skilledartisansarebringingnewlifetothiscraft,36.(connect)innovationwithtradition.YuTing,aSuzhou-basedjadecarver,isat37.centerofthismovement.Usingadvancedtools,hecreates38.(extreme)thinjadepieces,somelessthan0.5mmthick.Oneofhismost39.(remark)worksisa34cmtallbottledecoratedwithintricatepatterns.Startingwith39kgofrawjade,the40.(finish)pieceweighsonly478grams.Thecreationprocess,41.lastedthreeyears,requiredgreatattention,aseventheslightestmistakecoulddestroythepiece.AnothernotablefigureisYangXi,anational-levelmasterofjadecarving.InspiredbySuzhou’swaterwaysandculturalheritage,hetransformsjadeintobridges,leaves,andscenesfromChineseliterature,Hisskillinturningunusedjadeintobeautifuldecorationsshowshis42.(commit)tocreativityandsustainability.BothYuandYangareenthusiastic43.developingtheircrafttomeetmoderntasteswhilepreservingitshistory.Recently,theirworks44.(earn)globalrecognition,withpiecesdisplayedincollectionsliketheBritishMuseum.Together,theyareallowingthelegacyofjadecarving45.(shine)inthemodernera.四、书信写作(★★)46.假定你是李华,最近你校英文报计划增设一个“SchoolLife”的新版块,需要刊登一些记录同学们的校园生活的文章。请你给交换生Alex写一封邮件,内容包括:1.增设目的;2.约稿要求;3.鼓励他投稿。注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearAlex,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、书面表达(★★)47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenIwasalittleboy,Ididn’tseemtobegoodatanythingsothatIfeltinferior(较差的).IlongedtoachievesomethingtoprovetomyselfthatIamacapableperson.So,Itookpartinvariouscompetitions,hopingtoexperiencethethrillofvictoryandboostmyself-esteem(自尊).Unfortunately,Ineversucceededinanyofthesecompetitions.Thisconstantfailureledmetofeeldiscouraged.Feelingupset,Iwantedtogiveuptryingaltogether.Whenmyfathernoticedmydisheartenedspirit,hedecidedtostepinandhelpme.OnesunnySaturdayafternoon,hetookmetoacarnivalheldbyourlocalcommunitycenter.Everyyear,ourtowneagerlyawaitedthiscarnival,whichwasorganizedtoraisefundsforlocalcharities.Thecarnivalfeaturedawiderangeofdeliciousfoods,excitingrides,games,music,andotherattractions.Mydadledmetoacolorfultentatthecarnival.Inside,agamewassetupspecificallyforchildren.Thegameinvolvedthrowingringsontobottlestowinprizes.Anelderlym
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