Chapter3ConnectiveTissueprooper(固有结缔组织)

CONNECTIVETISSUEPROPERGeneralhistologyIntroduction&CellTissueEpitheliumConnectivetissueConnectivetissueproperCartilage&boneBloodMuscletissueNervetissueSpecialhistologyOrgan&systemThecirculatorysystemTheimmunesystemTherespiratorysystemDigestivetractDigestiveglandsTheendocrinesystemTheurinarysystemThemalereproductivesystemThefemalereproductivesystemINTRODUCTIONConnectiveTissue(CT)GeneralFeaturesFewercells,moreextracellularmatrixNopolarityRichinbloodvesslesFunctions:connection,support,protection,INTRODUCTIONCToriginatesfromthemesenchyme,anembryonictissueformedbymesenchymalcellsandamorphousmatrix无定形基质.MesenchymalcellINTRODUCTIONCT（inwidesense）CTproper（innarrowsense）CartilageBoneBloodLooseCTDenseCTAdiposetissueReticulartissueLOOSECONNECTIVETISSUELooseConnectiveTissue(LCT)–Areolar蜂窝TissueFeatures:moretypesofcellsandfewerfibersLOOSECONNECTIVETISSUELooseConnectiveTissueconsistsofCells:fibroblast成纤维细胞,plasmacell浆细胞,macrophage巨噬细胞,mastcell肥大细胞,fatcell,undifferentiatedmesenchymalcell,leukocyte['lʊkə,saɪt]白细胞.ExtracellularmatrixFiber:collagenousfiber,elasticfiber,reticularfiberGroundsubstanceLCTCELLCell:建：undifferentiatedmesenchymalcell成：fibroblast巨：macrophage大：mastcell白：leukocyte浆：plasmacell肪：fatcellDescribethestructureofacellLMShapeNucleus细胞核:nucleolus核仁Cytoplasm细胞质EMOrganelles[,ɔːgə'nel细胞器Granules[grænju:ls]颗粒FibroblastThemostcommoncellsinLCTLM:

FlatwithprocessesNucleus:large,palestained着色浅,withprominentnucleolus核仁明显Cytoplasm:slightlybasophilic[,besə‘fɪlɪk嗜碱性EM:richinrER,freeribosomes'raɪbəsom]andGol.FUNCTION:synthesizefibersandmatrixLCTCELLFIBROBLASTFibroblast(HE)LCTCELLFIBROBLASTFibroblast(TEM)LCTCELLFIBROBLASTFibrocyte:aninactivestatus静止状态offibroblastwhichcandevelopintofibroblastforrepairingFibrocyteFibroblastLCTCELLPLASMACELLPlasmaCell※※DerivedfromBlymphocyteLM:ovoidorroundinshape.Roundeccentrically-locatednucleuswithwheel-arrangedheterochromatin.Cytoplasmisabundantandintenselybasophilic.EM:richinrER,freeribosomesandGol.Function:synthesizeandsecrete分泌immunoglobulins[,ɪmjəno‘glɑbjələn](antibodies),takingpartinhumoralimmunity[ɪ'mjuːnɪtɪ]体液免疫.PlasmaCell（TEM）Macrophage巨噬DerivedfrommonocyteinbloodLM：Shape:irregularwithshortprocessesNucleus:small,darklystainedCytoplasm:acidophilic,withgranules巨噬颗粒ofvarioussizesEM:numerousmicrovilli,richinlysosomes,phagosomes,phagocyticvacuoleandresidualbodyFunction:Chemotaxis；Phagocytosis吞噬作用Secretion；ImmunereactionLCTCELLMACROPHAGEMacrophageHistocyte:macrophageinLCT

Macrophage(TEM)MacrophageMacrophageMastCellDistributedaroundvesselsStructure:

Large,roundorovoidNucleus:smallandpale-stainedCytoplasm:filledwithnumerouscoarsemetachromatic易染性granules.Function:thegranulescontainheparin肝素,histamine组胺andeosinophilchemotacticfactors嗜酸性趋化因子,andthecytoplasmcontainsleukotriene白三烯,takingpartinallergicreactions过敏发应.LCTCELLMASTCELLMastCellMastCell(TEM)LCTCELLFATCELLFatCell(Adipocyte)StructureLarge,roundorpolygonalEccentric,flattenednucleusAthinrimofcytoplasmAlargelipiddropletFunction:synthesizeandstorefatWhiteadiposetissueHELCTCELLUndifferentiatedMesenchymalCellStructure:similartofibrocyteFunction:withdifferentiatingpotentialLeukocytesNeutrophil,eosinophilandlymphocyteLCTFIBERFiber:synthesizedbyfibroblastCollagenous[kə'lædʒənəs]fiber胶原纤维ElasticfiberReticularfiberLCTFIBERCOLLAGENOUSFIBERCollagenous[kə'lædʒənəs]Fiber(Whitefiber)LM:Thick、AcidophilicEM:parallel-arrangedcollagenousfibrils胶原原纤维Collagenousfibril:Withperiodiccrossstriation周期性横纹at64nmintervalComponent成分:typeⅠandⅢcollagens

MechanicalProperty:greattensilestrengthCollagenousFiberElasticFiberCollagenousFiber（MuscleTendonHE）CollagenousFibril(EM)LCTFIBERELASTICFIBERElasticFiber(yellowfiber)LM:ThinSlightred(HE),purple(aldehydefuchsin)orbrown(orcein)EM:Elastin+MicrofibrilMechanicalProperty:greatelasticityMolecularbasisofelasticity

CollagenousFiberElasticFiberLargeArteryLCTFIBERRETICULARFIBERReticularFiberLM:Thin；BranchtoformnetworksArgyrophilfiber(silverstaining)；PAS(+)EM:Component:typeⅢcollagen64nmcrossstriationsDistribution:ReticulartissueConnectingportion,e.g.reticularlaminaReticularFiber

←（LymphNode，silverstaining

）←←LCTGROUNDSUBSTANCEGroundSubstanceAmorphouscolloidalsubstanceConsistsofGlycosaminoglycan糖胺多糖Proteoglycan蛋白多糖Multiadhesiveglycoprotein多黏多糖Tissuefluid组织液LCTGROUNDSUBSTANCEGLYCOSAMINOGLYCANGlycosaminoglycans(GAGs)SulfatedChondroitinsulfateA,C硫酸软骨素Keratansulfate硫酸角质素Heparansulfate硫酸乙酰肝素Dermatansulfate硫酸皮肤素NonsulfatedHyaluronicacid(hyaluronan)透明质酸LCTGROUNDSUBSTANCEPROTEOGLYCANProteoglycanA.Proteoglycansubunit1Coreprotein4GAGsTesttubebrushlikeCoreproteinGAGsLCTGROUNDSUBSTANCEPROTEOGLYCANProteoglycanB.ProteoglycanaggregateCoreproteinHyaluronicacid透明质酸ProteoglycansubunitLinkprotein连接蛋白ProteoglycansubunitCollagenousfibrilMolecularsieveLCTGROUNDSUBSTANCE

MULTIADHESIVEGLYCOPROTEINMultiadhesiveGlycoprotein多黏多糖Fibronectin,FN纤维粘连蛋白Laminin,LN层粘连蛋白Chondronectin,ChN软骨粘连蛋白LCTGROUNDSUBSTANCETISSUEFLUIDTissueFluidDENSECONNECTIVETISSUEDenseConnectiveTissue(DCT)Features:fewercells,morefibersFunction:connectionandsupportingThreetypesDenseregularconnectivetissueDenseirregularconnectivetissueElastictissue※※DistributionDCT

DENSEREGULARCONNECTIVETISSUEDenseregularconnectivetissueStructure:Parallel-arrangedcollagenousfibersTendoncells:specialfibroblastwithwing-likeprocessesDistribution:TendonsLigamentsDenseregularconnectivetissue,H&ETC:nucleioftendoncellDCT

DENSEIRREGULARCONNECTIVETISSUEDenseirregularconnectivetissueStructureFibersarearrangedinbundleswithoutadefiniteorientation.FibroblastLessgroundsubstanceDistribution:dermis,scleraandcapsuleofsomeorgansDenseirregularconnectivetissue(dermis)H&EDCTELASTICTISSUEElastictissueElasticfibersarearrangedinbundlesorformamembraneDistribution:nuchalligament,ligamentumflavumandlargearteryLargearteryADIPOSETISSUEAdiposetissueComposedoffatcells,separatedbyLCT2types:WhiteadiposetissueBrownadiposetissueADIPOSETISSUEWhiteadiposetissueDistribution:subcutaneoustissueUnilocularfatcell:alargelipiddroplet,eccentric,flattenednucleus,arimofcytoplasmFunction:energystorageWhiteadiposetissueHEADIPOSETISSUEBrownadiposetissueDistribution:newbornandhibernatinganimalsMultilocularfatcell:numerouslipiddroplet,roundnucleusinthecenterFunction:Heatproduction(thermogenesis)ADIPOSETISSUERETICULARTISSUEReticulartissueDistribution:hemopoietictissueandlymphatictissueReticularcell：Reticularfiber:GroundsubstanceProvideflexiblesupportandpredominatesinthevertebralcolumn’sligamentaflavaandthesuspensoryligmengofthepenis.SchematicdiagramofreticulartissueMacrophageLymphocyteReticularfiberReticularcellReticulartissue(lymphnode)silverstaining1reticularcell2reticularfiber3lymphocyte同步练习一、填空1.浆细胞超微结构特点是，细胞质内含有大量____________和____________,发达的_______________。2．巨噬细胞的功能主要是_____________、_______________和____________。粗面内质网游离核糖体高尔基复合体吞噬作用抗原提呈作用分泌功能同步练习一、填空3．成纤维细胞具有产生_______和________的功能。当成纤维细胞功能处于静止状态时称______细胞。4.肥大细胞释放的_________和_________可使细支气管平滑肌收缩及毛细血管扩张,________具有抗凝血作用。

纤维纤维基质组胺白三烯肝素同步练习二、单项选择1．巨噬细胞的前身是（）A.间充质细胞B.网状细胞C.内皮细胞D.单核细胞E.淋巴细胞2.疏松结缔组织中具有吞噬作用的细胞是()A.成纤维细胞B.巨噬细胞C.浆细胞D.肥大细胞E.脂肪细胞DB同步练习二、单项选择3.关于浆细胞的描述，哪一项是错误的()A.胞质嗜碱性B.细胞核常偏位C.核旁有一浅染区D.参与细胞免疫E.粗面内质网丰富

4．成纤维细胞的电镜结构特点是()A.有大量的溶酶体B.有大量