核能的利用（原卷版+解析）-2023年中考英语热点话题解读+关键能力题型

备战2023年中考英语热点话题解读+关键能力（题型）强化专练

热点13核能的利用

D□

热点话题解读

东北地区首个！辽宁红沿河核电站核能供暖项目正式供热

2022年11月1日，辽宁红沿河核电站核能供暖示范项目正式投运供热，该项目是东北地区首个核能供

暖项目，共惠及周边红沿河镇近两万居民。

红沿河核电站核能供暖示范项目以大连市瓦房店红沿河镇为试点，规划供热面积24.24万平米，最大供

热负荷为12.77MW,利用红沿河核电站汽轮机抽汽作为热源，替代红沿河镇原有的12个燃煤锅炉房，实现

红沿河镇清洁供暖。项目新建一次管网近10公里，二次管网5.7公里，新建换热站4座。

据测算，该项目投产后每年将减少标煤消耗5726吨，减排二氧化碳1.41万吨、烟尘209余吨、二氧化

硫60余吨、氮氧化物85余吨、灰渣2621吨，环保效益显著，将有效改善供暖区域大气环境，助力东北地

区天更蓝。

红沿河核电站位于辽宁大连瓦房店市，是东北地区首座核电站和东北最大电力能源投资项目。一期工

程4台机组采用中国广核集团（简称中广核）具有自主知识产权的CPR1000核电技术，于2016年9月全部投

产商运。二期工程2台机组采用中广核全面升级的ACPR1000核电技术，2022年6月，红沿河核电站一、

二期工程6台机组全面建成投产，成为国内在运装机容量最大的核电站。红沿河核电站年度发电量可达480

亿千瓦时，约占辽宁省全社会用电量的20%,能有效缓解东北地区阶段性电力短缺、稳定区域电力供应。

与同等规模燃煤电厂相比，等效于每年减少标煤消耗约1452万吨，减排二氧化碳约3993万吨，相当于种

植10.8万公顷森林。

在安全稳定提供清洁电力的同时，红沿河核电主动创新、不断拓宽核能应用边界，积极研究推进周边

社区核能供暖项目。红沿河核电站核能供暖示范项目是东北地区清洁取暖的一项民生工程、民心工程。红

沿河核电将继续深入学习贯彻党的二十大精神，践行习近平生态文明思想，牢固树立“绿水青山就是金山

银山”理念，深入打好蓝天保卫战，充分发挥清洁能源优势，保障核安全万无一失，为实现“双碳”目标、

推进美丽中国建设作出更大贡献。［来源|东北新闻网］

核能创新零碳未来！第23届太平洋地区核能大会开幕

11月1日上午，以"核能创新•零碳未来"为主题的第23届太平洋地区核能大会（PBNC）在北京、成都

两地同时开幕。中国科协党组书记、中国工程院院士张玉卓，工业和信息化部副部长、国家原子能机构主

任张克俭，生态环境部副部长、国家核安全局局长董保同，国家能源局核电司司长曾亚川，大会主席、中

核集团董事长、中国核学会荣誉理事长余剑锋等出席开幕式并致贺辞。国际原子能机构总干事拉斐尔•格罗

西在开幕式上通过视频发表了讲话。大会主席、全国政协常委、中国核学会理事长王寿君致欢迎辞。

张玉卓在致辞中表示，构建人类命运共同体，是世界各国民心所向、众望所归、前途所在。共行天下

大道，维护能源安全，培育全球发展新动能，是国际科技界的责任所系。希望大家共同携手，增进核科技

领域开放、信任、合作，应用核能增进人类福祉，共创美好未来。

拉斐尔•格罗西在讲话中表示，核能在太平洋地区发挥着日益重要的作用，促进了经济增长，促进了脱

碳，促进了繁荣。中国在运核电机组数位居世界第三，创新力量也非常活跃，为世界核能发展作出了极大

贡献。太平洋地区其他国家也越来越多地受益于和平利用核能。未来面对气候变化和可持续发展等带来的

挑战，核能将为电力保障提供重要支撑。在此背景下，国际原子能机构将与大家在信息共享、能力建设等

方面深入开展合作。

余剑锋在致辞中指出，新时代十年是中国核工业实现跨越式发展的关键十年，也是全球核能行业探索

前行、创新突破的重要十年。中国是全球核能科技创新最为活跃的国家之一，也是最受关注的主要核能市

场国家之一。中国大陆地区目前在运核电机组53台、装机5559万千瓦，在建机组23台、装机2419万千

瓦，在运在建核电规模全球第二，在建核电规模世界第一。

余剑锋表示，中核集团作为中国核科技工业主体，核能发展的国家队、主力军，将充分发挥完整核工

业体系优势，担当中国核工业产业链"链长"重任，通过坚持创新发展，深化核能科技合作；坚持互利共赢，

深化核能产业合作；坚持交流互鉴，深化核能领域广泛合作等，推动核能高质量发展，构建人类核能发展

命运共同体。

中核集团副总经理申彦锋在会上作了题为《积极安全有序发展核能助力"双碳"目标实现》的报告。出

席开幕式的还有中国工程院院士孙玉发、于俊崇，中国华能副总经理张涛，国家电投核技术总工程师、中

国核学会名誉理事长刘永德，以及经济合作与发展组织核能署、国际热核聚变实验堆、美国核学会、法国

原委会、日本原子能机构、英国驻广州使领馆、加拿大原子能公司、西屋电气等组织和企业负责人。

在随后的三天里，第23届太平洋地区核能大会还将围绕创新核反应堆和概念设计、耐事故燃料的发展

和应用场景、人工智能在核反应堆设计与分析中的应用等13个技术专题和8个论坛等进行深入交流和研讨。

来自多个国家的政府机构、科研院所、知名高校和企业的300余名专家学者参会，提交论文400余篇。

据悉，PBNC是由太平洋核理事会发起举办的全球性学术和产业研讨会，每两年一届，已经成为全球核

能领域最具影响力的盛会之一。太平洋核理事会由中国核学会、美国核学会、韩国核学会、日本原子能学

会、澳大利亚核学会等环太平洋国家（地区）核学会（协会）组成。大会自1976年举办首届会议以来，已

成功举办了22届。中国曾三次主办过该会议。本届大会由中国科学技术协会、国家原子能机构、国家能源

局指导，中国核学会主办，中国核工业集团有限公司、中国华能集团有限公司、国家电力投资集团有限公

司协办，中国核动力研究设计院承办。［来源|澎湃新闻］

S■—EE__关___键__能__力__提__升_

一、阅读理解

1

Whenyoulookatthenightsky,whatyouseeareactuallylotsof“powerplants”.Everystarmakesahuge

amountofenergythroughnuclearfusion（核聚变）.Foryears,scientistshavetriedtomakethiskindofenergy.

Theyneedtomakea“ministar"onEarth.Recently,somescientistsmadeabigstepforward.

InFebruary,theCulhamCentreforFusionEnergyinOxfordshire,UK,doubledaworldrecordsetin1997.

Themachinethere,namedJet,usedfusionengines（发动机）tomakethesameamountofenergyasfourwind

turbines（涡轮机）make,reportedTheGuardian.

Inthepast,noexperimentcouldmakemoreenergythanwhatwasusedtostartthefusionengine.Thisnew

experiment,althoughonlylastingfiveseconds,showedifspossibletomakemorepower.

Thereaction（反应）stoppedwhentheequipment（设备）gottoohot.Thisproblemcanbesolvedwithcooling

systems.Futurefusionreactionsmaylastmuchlongerthanfiveseconds-minutesorevenhours.

Whydowecaresomuchaboutstarpower?Fusionreactionswouldprovidepowertoeveryoneon

Earth-enoughforeveryonetouseforthousandsormillions（百万）ofyears.They5realsoclean-theydon't

producecarbondioxideorradioactive（放射性的）waste.

Youmaywonderwhyfusionenergyissohardtomake.Creatingconditionssimilartoastarisnoteasy.The

machinemustreachtemperaturesashighas10timesthatofthesun'score（核）.

Evenso,it'stimetogetexcitedaboutstarpower.Ifitcanbesuccessfullyrolledout（开展），itwillbea

landmark（里程碑）inhumanhistory.

1.Whatarecomparedto“powerplants^^inParagraph1?

A.scientistsB.nuclearplants

C.starsintheskyD.ministarsonEarth

2.Themachinethatsetthenewrecordcanproduceasmuchenergyas.

A.awindturbineB.twowindturbines

C.fourwindturbinesD.eightwindturbines

3.Whatcanmakethereactionlastlonger?

A.Keepingtheequipmenthot.B.Usingacoolingsystem.

C.Creatingawarmerenvironment.D.Startinganewexperiment.

4.Whatcanwelearnaboutfusionenergyfromthepassage?

A.Itisnowusefulineverydaylife.

B.ItisverydifficulttomakeonEarth.

C.Itexistsinaverycoldenvironment.

D.Itcanbetakenfromthecoreofthesun.

2

①WhenChinawasstillpoorandfarbehindtheWest,twoChinesescientistsinsistedonleadingtheworld

throughhomegrowninnovation.Theyarejetfighter（战斗机）designerGuSongfenandnuclearenergyscientist

WangDazhong,whowonChina'stopscienceaward-theStatePreeminentScienceandTechnologyAwardonNov

3.

②Inthe1950s,Chinahadnoaviation（航空）experience,equipmentorwindtunnels.Astheheadofthe

aerodynamics（空气动力学的）teaminShenyang,Gu'sfirsttaskwastodevelopthecountry'sfirsthomegrownjet

aircraft.Despitedifficulties,hemanagedtocompleteJJ-1,thefirstjetaircraftdesignedinChina.

③Gu,91,startedtheaerodynamicdesignofaircraft,whichadvancedthedevelopmentofanumberofmajor

jetfighters,includingtheNanchangCJ-6,abasictrainingplane,andtheShenyangJ-8,ahigh-speed,high-altitude

single-seatinterceptor.

©ThoseaircraftnotonlygreatlyimprovedChina'sairdefensecapabilitiesbutalsolaidthefoundationofits

aviationindustry.

⑤WangDazhong,86,hasspent60yearsworkingtodevelopnuclearenergy.AfternuclearaccidentsinThree

MileIslandintheUSin1979,andChernobylintheSovietUnionin1986,scientistsallovertheworldhave

workedhardtoensurethatreactors（反应堆）aremade"inherentlysafe95.Itmeanstheydonotdependonmeasures

poweredbyoutsideresourcestoremainstable.

@AnacademicianattheChineseAcademyofSciences,Wangledtheresearch,designandoperationof

China'sfirst5-megawattlowtemperaturenuclearheatingreactorandlaterofits10-megawatthightemperature

gas-cooledreactor.Heusedkeytechnologiesrelatedtoheliumcoolant（氢冷去［I齐ll）.Bothreactorsimprovedthe

inherentsafetyofnuclearenergy,aswellastheapplicationofcleanenergy.Wang'sscientificachievementshave

pavedthewayforcleanenergyasChinaworkstoachievecarbonneutrality（碳中和），saidHeJiankun,anexpertin

TsinghuaUniversity.Nuclearpowerreleaseszerocarbonandcanensurethesafeandstableoperationofthepower

grid（电网），hesaid.

⑦BothGuSongfenandWangDazhongmadegreatcontributiontothehomegrowninnovationforChina,

whichisworthbeingrespectedbypeoplearoundtheworldespeciallybyourChinese.

5.Thewriterdevelopthepassageby.

A.tellingstoriesB.givingexamples

C.listingnumbersD.makingcomparison

6.Whafsthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"inherently“intheparagraph5?

A.内部地B.外部地C.顶部地D.底部地

7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassageabove?

A.ChinaispoorandfarbehindtheWestintheareaofaviationtechnology.

B.Wangdevelopedthecountry'sfirsthomegrownjetaircraft.

C.Gumadecontributiontothedevelopmentofnuclearenergy.

D.BothGuandWangwontheStatePreeminentScienceandTechnologyAward.

3

Isitbettertobeawisepersonoranintelligent（有才智的）one?Inotherwords,whenitcomesdownto

wisdomandintelligence,whichismoreimportant?

WhenIthinkaboutwisdomandintelligence,Ibelievethattherearetwokindsofpeopleintheworld:wise

peopleandintelligentones.Mydadwasawiseman.Heusedtosay,“There'snosuchthingasastupidquestion.^^

Mydadencouragedlearning.Healwaysmadeitafunexperience.

Ontheotherhand,Ihadanotherfriendwhowasreallyintelligent.HegotstraightAgradesatcollegeanda

first-classdegreeinAdvanced（高等的）Maths.Heattendedabirthdaypartyatmyhouseonceandaskedifthere

wasanythinghecoulddotohelp.Iaskedhimtopeel（录!））theeggsformebuthedidn'tknowhowtodoit.

Soforme,therearecleardistinguishmentsbetweenwisdomandintelligence.Intelligenceistheabilitytolearn

andgetknowledge,suchasfactsandfigures,andthenusethisinformationaccordingly.Wisdomcomesfrom

experiencinglife.Welearnthroughourexperiencesandusethisknowledgetomakedecisions.

So,isonebetterthantheother?Well,bothareimportantatcertaintimesinourlives.Forexample,youwould

prefertohaveanintelligentpersonworkingasasafetyofficerinanuclear（原子核的）powerplant.However,if

youwerereceivingsolutionforamentalbreakdown,youmightpreferawiseperson.

Infact,weshoulduseourownintelligenceandpracticeitinourowneverydayexperiences.Byusing

intelligencethisway,wecanlearnhowtobewiseourselves.

9.Thewriter'sfatherusedtothink.

A.noteveryquestionwasstupidB.allthequestionswereuseful

C.quiteafewquestionsweresmartD.thequestionwasalwaysstupiditself

10.Whatcanweknowaboutthewriter'sfriend?

A.Hedislikedpeelingeggs.B.Helikeddoinghousework.

C.Hedidwellinschoolwork.D.Hewasnotgoodatmaths.

11.Theunderlinedword“distinguishments“inthepassagemeans"

A.relationshipsB.situationsC.advantagesD.differences

12.Whichofthefollowingmaythewriteragreewith?

A.Nohardwork,nointelligence.B.Notallpeoplecanbeawiseman.

C.Intelligencecanchangeintowisdom.D.Wisdomismoreimportantthanintelligence.

13.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.HowCanBeaWiseMan?B.SuccessLiesinIntelligence

C.WaystoBeanIntelligentManD.WhichisBetter,wisdomorIntelligence?

4

Inthemodernage,humansocietyrunsonenergy.Mostmachinesneedelectricitytooperate.Humanscannot

livewithoutelectricityevenasingledayintheirdailylifeandwork.Theyhavemanydifferentwaystocreate

electricity.Butsomewaysareharmfultotheenvironment.

Forexample,fossilfuelsarethemostcommonkindofenergy.Theyincludecoal,oil,andnaturalgas.First,

peoplehavetodigthemfromtheground.Thiscansometimesharmtheenvironment.However,scientistsare

creatingcleanerandbetterwaystodothatthesedays.Sotheenvironmentisnotharmedasmuchasbefore.But

whenpeopleburnthesefossilfuels,theycangiveoffalotofharmfulgases,whichareconsideredtobeoneofthe

greatestcausesofglobalwarning.Thismightharmtheenvironment.

Tidalenergyisanotherwaytomakeelectricity.Thisusestheoceantidestomakeelectricity.Butsomekinds

oftidalenergycankillmanyfishandotherseaanimals.Alsodamscancreatelotsofcleanenergy.Butdamscreate

lakesandchangethewaythatriversrun.Sotheycandogreatharmtothebalanceofnaturearoundthelakesand

alongtherivers.

Nuclearenergyisaverypowerfulformofenergy.Itischeap.Itisalsoveryclean.Butmanypeopleareafraid

ofitbecauseitusesradioactivematerials.Also,therehavebeensomeveryseriousaccidentsinthepastwhich

causedgreatharmtohumansandnature.Butthetechnologyismuchbetterthesedays.Somanycountriesare

startingtousenuclearenergymore.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“humansocietyrunsonenergy^^inParagraph1mean?

A.Itmeansthathumansinthesocietywastemuchenergy.

B.Itmeansthatpeopleuseenergytomaketheworldwork.

C.Itmeansthatoursocietyisfullofvariedkindsofenergy.

D.Itmeansthathumanscannotrunfastwithoutenergy.

15.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutfossilfuels?

A.Theyaredugfromtheground.B.Theyareconsideredexpensive.

C.Theyhardlyharmtheenvironment.D.Theyarenotwidelyusedintheworld.

16.Fromthepassage,weknowthattidalenergycan.

A.causeseriousaccidentsB.changethewaythatriversrun

C.giveoffalotofharmfulgasesD.killmanylivingthingsintheocean

5

Nuclear（核）power'sdangertohealth,safety,andevenlifeitselfcanbesummedupinoneword:radiation（辐

射）.

Nuclearradiationhasacertainmystery（神秘）aboutit,partlybecauseitcannotbefoundbyhumansenses.It

can'tbeseenorheard,ortouchedortasted,eventhoughitmaybeallaroundus.Thereareotherthingslikethat.

Forexample,radiowavesareallaroundusbutwecan'tdetectthem,sensethem,withoutaradioreceiver.Similarly,

wecan'tsenseradioactivitywithoutaradiationdetector（探根!）器）.Butunlikecommonradiowaves,nuclear

radiationisnotharmlesstohumanbeingsandotherlivingthings.

Atveryhighlevels,radiationcankillananimalorhumanbeingcompletelybykillingmasses（块；团）ofcells

（2田胞）invital（=veryimportant）organs.Buteventhelowestlevelofradiationcandoseriousdamage.Thereis

nolevelofradiationthatiscompletelysafe.Iftheradiationdoesnothitanythingimportant,thedamagemaynotbe

sig如ficant.Thisisthecasewhenonlyafewcellsarehit,andiftheyarekilledcompletely,yourbodywillreplace

thedeadcellswithhealthyones.Butifthefewcellsareonlydamaged,andiftheyreproducethemselves,youmay

beintrouble.Theyreproducethemselvesinadeformed（畸形）way.Theycangrowintocancer（癌症）.Sometimes

thisdoesnotshowupformanyyears.

Thisisanotherreasonforsomeofthemysteryaboutnuclearradiation.Seriousdamagecanbedonewithout

thevictim（牺牲者）beingawareatthetimethatdamagehasoccurred.Apersoncanfeelfine,thendieofcancer

five,ten,ortwentyyearslaterasaresult.Orachildcanbebomweakoreasytohaveseriousillnessasaresultof

radiationabsorbed（吸收）byitsgrandparents.

Radiationcanhurtus.Wemustknowthetruth.

17.Nuclearradiationhasacertainmysterybecause.

A.peoplecan'tfeelitB.peopleknownothingaboutit

C.nuclearradiationisn'tharmfultopeopleD.peoplehaven'tanydetectors

18.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?

A.Wecan'tdetectradioactivityevenwithmodemequipment.

B.Onlyradiationatveryhighlevelscankillananimalorhumanbeing.

C.Ifafewcellsareonlydamaged,healthycellswilltaketheplaceofdeadones.

D.Radiationisharmfulnomatterwhatlevelitis.

19.Theword“significant“inparagraph3hasthesimilarmeaningwith.

A.importantB.meaningfulC.harmfulD.obvious

20.Radiationcanhurtusinthatitcan.

A.affectthehealthygrowthofouroffspring（后代）

B.damagecellswhichgrowintocanceryearslater

C.killlargenumberofcellsinmainorganssoastocausedeathimmediately

D.alloftheabove

21.Whafstheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?

A.Emphasizingtheimportanceofprotectionofradiation.

B.Solvingthemysteryaboutradiation.

C.Discussingthecauseofcancer.

D.Introducingthenuclearpower.

6

Rightnow,thebiggestsourceofenergy（能源）intheworldisfossilfuel（矿物燃料）.Fossilfuelsareoil,gas,

andcoal（煤）.Morethan80percentoftheworld'senergycomesfromfossilfuel.Therearemanyproblemswith

fossilfuel.Oneproblemisthatwhenfossilfuelisburned,itpollutestheair.Also,whenwetakefossilfuelfromthe

Earth,weoftencausealotofharm.Anotherproblemisthatwe'rerunningoutofit.

Abigsourceofenergyformanycountriesisnuclearpower（核能）.Thirty-onecountriesusenuclearpower.A

lotofshipsalsouseit.

Nuclearpowerhassomeadvantages（优点）.Firstofall,wecan'trunoutofnuclearpower.Nuclearpowerdoes

notmaketheairdirty.Also,ifacountryhasnuclearpower,itdoesn'tneedtobuyasmuchoilfromothercountries.

However,therearealsoalotofproblemsthatcomewithnuclearpower.Forexample,nuclearaccidentsare

veryserious.In1986,therewasanuclearaccidentinRussia.Inthenext20years,about4,000peoplegotsickand

died.In2011therewasanotherveryseriousnuclearaccidentinJapan.Thatwasseveralyearsago,butJapanisstill

tryingtocleanupthenuclearwastefromtheaccident.

Manypeopledon'twantnuclearpowerintheircountries.Theysaythatifsnotsafe.Alotofpeopleinthe

UnitedStates,Russia,France,Japan,India,andmanyothercountrieswanttheircountriestousesaferandcleaner

waystogetelectricity（电力）.Sometimestheygettogethertoshowtheirstrongdisagreementwithnuclearenergy.

Manypeoplehatenuclearenergy,butmoreandmorecountriesareusingit.Onereasonforthisisthatthe

worldisusingmoreandmoreenergy.Wejustdon'thaveenoughfossilfuel.However,ifweusenuclearpower,

thenwemayhavemoreseriousproblemsinthefuture.

22.Inthesecondsentenceofthefifthparagraph,whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"mean?

A.Thecountry.B.Nuclearpower.C.Aperson.D.Theelectricity.

23.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Nuclearpowerisakindoffossilfuels.

B.Therewerenonuclearaccidentsin1986.

C.Nuclearpoweriseasyenoughtomake.

D.Peoplemayrunoutoffossilfueloneday.

24.Thefollowingsentencewouldbestbeplacedattheendof."That'swhyweneednewsourcesof

energy.”

A.Paragraph1B.Paragraph3C.Paragraph4D.Paragraph5

25.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ASafeSourceofEnergy?B.TheBestEnergySourceintheWorld!

C.EveryoneLovesNuclearPower.D.WeShouldOnlyUseFossilFuels.

7

Whatifyouhadonlythreeminutestotakewhateveryoucouldtakefromyourhome,andtherestwouldbe

lostforever?Whatwouldyoutake?

Japanisoftenhitbynaturaldisasters,likeearthquakes,heavystormsandtunami.Butrecentlythenuclear

radiation（核辐射）havebroughtthelong-termdamagetoJapan,manyJapanesehavetoabandontheirlovely

homes.Theyarenowfacingthefactthattheymaynotbeabletoreturnforalongtime.Withthisinmind,lefs

discussthevalueofaBugOutBag（B.O.B.forshort）.

B.O.B.isacollectionofthingsthatyouwouldneedtoliveonifyouhadtoescapefromyourhomewithno

promisesofhousing,foodorwaterduringtheunexpectedsituation.

TheB.O.B.shouldincludethefollowingthingsthatareneededforlife:

•Asleepingbag,oratleastablankettokeepwarm.

•Drinkingwater.

•High-calorie,no-cookfoodslikechocolatebiscuits,proteinbars,etc.

•First-aidsupplies.

•Firestartingmethods,andasmallpottoboilwaterorcook.

•Afewbasictoolslikeaknife,somerope,flashlight（手电筒）etc.

•Moneyincash.

•Adigitalbackupofallyourimportantdocumentsandfamilytreasures.Thiscouldbeinsurance（保险）

documents,familyphotosandvideos.

YoucouldkeepaB.O.B.bythefrontdoor,orevenhaveseveralbagsathomeattheofficeandinyourcar.

Thismightseemlikemorethanneededtosomeofyoubutjustimaginewhatadifferencethiskindofpreparation

wouldhavemadetothepeopleofJapan.ThenthinkofthedifferenceaB.O.B.willmakeifthosedisastershappen

toyou.

26.ThewritertalkedaboutthenuclearradiationinJapaninorderto

A.showtheimportanceofaBugOutBag

B.showhowdangerousanuclearradiationis

C.tellustheseriousdamageithasdonetoJapan

D.explainwhytheJapanesehavetoleavetheirhomes

27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"abandon“probablymeaninChinese?

A.欣赏B.拆除C.抛弃D.修缮

28.WhatispurposeofaBugOutBag?

A.Tostopdisastersfromhappening.B.Tohelppeopleprotecttheirhomes.

C.Tofindoutwhenthedisasterwillcome.D.Tohelppeoplekeepaliveafterdisasters.

29.WhichofthefollowingshouldbeputintoaBugOutBag?

A.Amap.B.Aknife.C.Araincoat.D.Acamera.

30.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.PrepareforDisastersB.EnjoyYourOutdoorLife

C.MakeaChangetoDisastersD.WatchOutforNuclearRadiation

二、完形填空

Greenpeaceisaglobal（全球的）environmentalorganizationthathasbeentryingtostopcompaniesand

governmentsfromdoingbadthingstotheenvironment.Itisknownforitsdirect31intheworld.Andithas

madethepublicknowenvironmentalproblems.

In1995,aGreenpeaceshipstoppedaFrenchnuclearweapon（核武器）test.Greenpeacehasalsorepeatedly

sentshipsto32whales（鲸鱼）fromJapanesewhalers,whokillwhalesfortheirmeatwhichisusedat

expensiverestaurants.

TheGreenpeace33havetriedtostopnuclearweaponsfrombeingbuiltandhavefoughtagainstbig

companiesandgovernmentsthataredestroyingtherainforestsandotherareaswitha34environment.

Greenpeacepayscloseattentiontomanyenvironmentalproblems:whaling,globalwarming,cleanenergyand

nuclearpower.Greenpeaceactivistsoftenputthemselvesin35tostoptheactivitiesthattheyareagainst.They

usesmallboatstotrytostopthekillingofwhales.Theyalso36themselvestotreesthatworkerswanttocut

down.Theysaythattheyaretryingtoprotecttheenvironmentforallofusandforfuturegeneration.

37theyhavealotofsupportfrompeoplearoundtheworld,theyhavenotbeenabletostopmanyof

thethingstheyarefightingagainst.Theorganization38moneyfromgovernments,politicalpartiesor

companiesinordertoavoidtheirinfluence.

Thepeoplewho39Greenpeacearefromallovertheworld.Whattheyallhaveincommonistheone

bigaim-agreenand40futureforall.PeoplefromallwalksoflifecometogetherundertheGreenpeace

flagtospendtheirfreetimefightingfortheenvironment.

31.A.plansB.methodsC.actionsD.tasks

32.A.prepareB.protectC.provideD.prevent

33.A.shipsB.officersC.companiesD.members

34.A.pleasantB.naturalC.specialD.wet

35.A.dangerB.actionC.controlD.fear

36.A.holdB.keepC.hangD.tie

37.A.WhetherB.AlthoughC.BecauseD.Unless

38.A.refusesB.requiresC.acceptsD.borrows

39.A.setupB.putupC.makeupD.openup

40.A.cheerfulB.meaningfulC.hopefulD.peaceful

三、短文汉语提示填空

根据短文内容和所给中文提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。

MarieCuriewas41（出生）inPolandin1867.Herfatherwasa42（物理）teacher.Thanksto

herfather,sheusedto43（享受）thissubjectatschool.In1891,MariewenttoParis,thecapitalof

44（法国）andmetascientistcalledPierreCuriein1892.Soon,theyfellinlovewitheachotherandgot

45（结婚）in1895.Together,theydiscoveredradium——anelementthatisveryimportantfornuclearscience.

MarieCuriewasthefirstpersontousetheword"radioactive”.

In1903,MariebecamethefirstwomantowinaNobelPrize——sheshareditwithPierre.Then,in1904,Pierre

becamea46（成员）ofthe"AcademicFrancaise,\Atthetime,47（妇女）weren'tallowedto

becomeoneofthem,soMariewas48（从不）acceptedbythem.

Pierre49（死）inanaccidentin1906,butMariewentonworking50（直到）herdeathin1934.

四、书面表达

51.近日，日本政府决定向海洋排放对海洋环境有害的核废水。假如你是李华，请你给学校的英语报写

一篇演讲稿，介绍此举的危害，并呼吁同学们一起保护海洋。

要点：1.向海洋排放核废水的危害；

2.我们可以如何保护海洋，如，不往海洋倾倒垃圾（至少写出3条措施）；

3.你的观点。

要求：1.80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；

2.文中不得出现真实姓名和校名；

3.适当增加细节，使行文连贯，条理清晰。

4.标点正确，书面整洁。

参考词汇：核废水nuclearwastewater

Oceanisveryimportanttohuman.Protectingoceanisbecomingafocusforus

all.

备战2023年中考英语热点话题解读+关键能力（题型）强化专

练

热点13核能的利用

DD0

热点话题解读

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