高一英语阅读理解2篇(含答案)

高一英语阅读理解2篇（含答案）

一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和

D）中，选出最佳选项。

1.

Theytelluswhentogetuporwhenwe'rerunninglatefbrworkand

whetherweareindangerofmissingourfavoriteTVprogram.Butwhile

ourdailyactivitiesrelyonclocksthattellusthetime,scienceis

discoveringthatourwell-beingisinfluencedbyaverydifferentkindof

timepiece.Circadianrhythms-thehumanbody'sowninternal（体内

的）clock—haveapowerfulinfluenceonourhealthandbehaviour.They

areprogrammedfrombirthandcontrolfunctionsrangingfrom

temperatureandbloodpressuretosleeppatterns.

Inrecentyearsresearchershavealsodiscoveredthatthisbuilt-in

mechanism（机制）caninfluenceeverythingfromthewaywereactto

medicinestohowwellwelearnmusic.

Thelatestexample,fromexpertsatHarvardUniversityintheUS,

showsthatthehumanbodyclockcaneveninfluencewhetherornotwe

arelikelytotellthetruth.Researchersfounditwaseasierforpeopleto

tellliesintheafternoonbecause,astheyweretired,theself-controlthat

wouldnormallypreventthemfromlyingstartedtobreakdown.Tiredness

madeiteasierforthemtotelllies—especiallyifilmeanttheygota

financialrewardattheend.

"Thebodyclockhasagreatinfluenceonusall,"saysProfessorJim

HornefromtheSleepResearchCentreatLoughboroughUniversity.

“Mostpeopletendtofeelgoodaroundlatemorningandthendeclinein

theearlyafternoon.Butthetimemostofuswillfeelsharpestisbetween

6pmand8pm.Thafsbecausesleepinesstendstobuildupthroughout

theday.Byearlyeveningourbodyclockkicksintowakeusup.One

reasonmaybetoensurewegethomesafely.Whenourancestors（祖

先）werecominghomeafterhuntingalldaytheirinternalclockskickedin

togetthemhomeinonepiece."

Sowhateffectsdocircadianrhythmshaveandwhat'sthebesttime

ofdaytotakeadvantageofthem?

1.Theunderlinedword"They"inthefirstparagraphrefersto.

A.ourclocks

B.scientistsandexperts

C.ourdailyroutines

D.circadianrhythms

2.TheresearchinParagraph3foundthatpeopletendto.

A.telllieswhentheyaretired

B.tellliesiftheyarerewarded

C.getangryastheybecometired

D.breakdownbecausetheyaretired

3.Accordingtothepassage,whenarepeoplemostquick-thinking?

A.Inthemorning.

B.Aroundmidday.

C.Inthelateafternoon.

D.Intheearlyevening.

4.Whatinformationwillthewriterprobablypresentfollowingthelast

paragraph?

A.Somepracticalsuggestionstopreventpeoplefromlying.

B.Examplesofhowthehumanbodyclockcontrolsthebody.

C.Examplesofthemostsuitabletimetododifferentactivities.

D.Anexplanationofwhythehumanbodyclockcancontrolthebody.

【解题导语】本篇为说明文，主要介绍了人体生物钟对我们生活

的影响。

【长难句解读］Inrecentyearsresearchershavealsodiscoveredthatthis

built-inmechanism（机制）caninfluenceeverythingfromthewaywereact

tomedicinestohowwellwelearnmusic.

分析:discovered后为that引导的宾语从句。宾语从句中包含了定语从

句wereacttomedicines,修饰先行词way。

译文：最近几年，研究者也发现了这种内在机制可以影响一切事情，

从我们对药物作出反应的方式到我们学习音乐的程度。

1.D【命题意图】考查细节理解。

【解题思路】由上文中的"Circadianrhythms—thehumanbody'sown

internal（体内的）dock”可知,此处They指代上文提到的Circadian

rhythms,表示它们是与生俱来的。

2.A【命题意图】考查细节理解。

【解题思路】由第三段中的"Researchersfounditwaseasierforpeople

totellliesintheafternoonbecause,astheyweretired,theself-control...

breakdown”可知答案为A。

3.D【命题意图】考查细节理解。

【解题思路】由第四段中的"Butthetimemostofuswillfeelsharpest

isbetween6pmand8pm...Byearlyeveningourbodyclockkicksinto

wakeusup”可知答案为D。

4.C【命题意图】考查推理判断。

【解题思路】由最后一段提出的问题中的"what'sthebesttimeofday

totakeadvantageofthem”可知，接下来应是举一些例子来说明做不同

活动的最佳时机。

2.

Whenitcomestolearningaforeignlanguage,manypeoplewonder

iftheywillbeabletomemorizeenoughvocabulary.Butthisquestion

neverhappensabouttheirmothertongue,andyet,itwasaforeign

languageonce.However,amongallthequestionsthatnewparentsask,

nodoctorhaseverheard“Willmybabybeabletolearnmylanguage?”

Tobehonest,doyouknowallthewordsofyourmothertongue?The

answeris"No".

Newwords,andnewwaysofusingoldwords,appeareveryday.

Twentyyearsago,v/howouldhavebeenabletounderstandasentence

likethis:"Clickheretodownloadyourdigitalbook"?Nobody.Younever

stoplearningnewvocabularyandyouneverknowhowlongyouwill

needit.

Sometimes,youhavethewordonthetipofyourtongue...anditsticks

there!Butyoudoknowthisphenomenon(现象)andthinkthatitisn't

becauseofabadmemory.Youshouldnotgivethisphenomenonmore

importanceinthelanguageyouarelearningthaninyourmothertongue.

Youneedtolearnonly2,000orsobasicwordstobeabletocreate

anyphraseyouneed.Youcan'tavoidsomeworkinordertolearnthese

necessarywordsandallthemoreifyouwanttolearnquickly.Andbefore

youconsiderbuyingintoanymethod,besureitisrightforyou.Itisnot

wisetodependonanymethodbaseduponmnemonics(记忆术).Thefirst

wordsseemveryeasytolearn,soyoubuythecourse,butthenyou

discoverquickly,thoughtoolate,thatsomewordslateraremoredifficult

tolearn.

(1)Fromthefirstparagraph,wecaninferthat.

A.thereisnoneedtoknowallthewordsofaforeignlanguage

B.itishonesttoanswer“no”toaquestionyoudon'tknow

C.ababycanknowallthenewwordsofitsmothertongue

D.peoplefindithardtomemorizethevocabularyoftheirlanguage

(2)TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3probablymeans.

A.youcanremembertheword

B.youjustfailtoremembertheword

C.youarenotsureoftheword

D.youdaren'topenyourmouthtospeaktheword

(3)Tolearnaforeignlanguage»theauthoradvisesyou.

A.toremembernewwordsappearingeveryday

B.tokeepupwithnewwaysofusingoldwords

C.tolearnabout2,000necessarywords

D.topaymoreattentiontoyourbadmemory

(4)Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.usingoldwordsinanewway

B.learningnewwordsfromthecontext

C.findingamethodtomemorizethevocabulary

D.learningthevocabularyofaforeignlanguage

答案：(1)-(4)ABCD

解析：(1)推理判断题。从第一段中的“Tobehonest,doyouknowallthe

wordsofyourmothertongue?Theansweris可知，一个人既然连

自己母语的词汇都不可能全部认识，那么在学习外语时，也就没有必

要记住所有的词汇。

(2)句意理解题。根据画线句子后面一句"Butyoudoknowthis

phenomenonandthinkthatitisn'tbecauseofabadmemory.“可以推

知，这里是说你一时想不起来那个词。故选B项。

⑶细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句"Youneedtolearnonly2,000or

sobasicwordstobeabletocreateanyphraseyouneed.”可知C项为正

确答案。

（4）主旨大意题。本文介绍的主要是学习外语时的词汇量问题，分析

四个选项可知，D项符合主题。

3.

（2014•全国高考II）Oneofthelatesttrends（趋势）inAmerican

childcareisChineseaupairs.AuPairinStamford,Conn.,forexample,

hasgotincreasingnumbersofrequestsforChineseaupairsfromzeroto

around4,000since2004.Andthat'strueallacrossthecountry.

“IthoughtitwouldbeveryusefulforhimtolearnChineseatan

earlyage,“JosephStocke,themanagingdirectorofacompany,saysof

his2-year-oldson."Iwouldatleastliketogivehimthechancetousethe

languageinthefuture.Afteronlysixmonthsofbeingcaredforbya

25-year-oldwomanfromChina,theboycanalreadyunderstandbasic

Chinesedailyexpressions,hisdadsays.

LiDrake,aChinesenativeraisingtwochildreninMinnesotawithan

Americanhusband,hadanotherreasonforlookingforanaupairfrom

China:Shedidn'twantherchildrentomissoutontheirroots.<4BecauseI

amChinese,myhusbandandIwantedthechildrentokeepexposedto

（接触）thelanguageandculture（文化）Jshesays.

"Stayingwithanativespeakerisbetterforchildrenthansimply

sittinginaclassroom,5,saysSuzanneFlynn,aprofessorinlanguage

educationofchildren."Butparentsmustunderstandthatjustoneyear

withanaupairisunlikelytoproducewonders.Completemastery

demandscontinuedlearninguntiltheageof10or12.”

ThepopularityofaupairsfromChinahasbeenstrengthenedbythe

increasingnumbersofAmericanparentswhowanttheirchildrentolearn

Chinese.ItisexpectedthatAmericandemandforaupairswillcontinue

toriseinthenextfewyears.

(1)Whatdoestheterm“aupaif,inthetextmean?

A.Amotherraisingherchildrenonherown.

B.Achildlearningaforeignlanguageathome.

C.Aprofessorinlanguageeducationofchildren.

D.Ayoungforeignwomantakingcareofchildren.

(2)LiDrakehasherchildrenstudyChinesebecauseshewantsthem

A.toliveinChinasomeday

B.tospeakthelanguageathome

C.tocatchupwithotherchildren

D.tolearnabouttheChineseculture

(3)Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.LearningChineseisbecomingpopularinAmerica.

B.Educatedwomendobetterinlookingafterchildren.

C.ChineseaupairsneedtoimprovetheirEnglishskills.

D.Childrencanlearnaforeignlanguagewellinsixmonths.

3.(1)-(4)DDA

［语篇解读］本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了汉语在美国日益受到欢

迎，从而引起了aupair的流行，即雇用说汉语的中国保姆来照顾孩

子，以便孩子们能够跟保姆学习汉语等情况。

(1)推理判断题。由第二段中约瑟夫请了一个25岁的中国女子照顾

他两岁的儿子，以此给儿子创造学习汉语的机会，和第三段中一位华

侨母亲也用这种方式教育自己的两个孩子，以及第四段中一位语言教

授提到的“和说母语的人在一起学习语言比在教室好''等信息可知，an

pair指的是负责照顾孩子的外国保姆。A项指“独自抚养孩子的母亲”,

B项指“在家里学习外语的孩子”,C项指“儿童语言教育方面的教授”,

这些均不是aupair所指代的内容。

(2)细节理解题。结合第三段的内容可知，她本是一名中国人，但

还是请了一位说汉语的保姆来让孩子们学习汉语，再根据她所说的

"BecauseIamChinese,myhusbandandIwantedthechildrentokeep

exposedtothelanguageandculture...”可知，她这样做的目的是让孩子

们接触中国的语言和文化，故选D项。A项指“将来有一天居住在中

国”，B项指"在家里说汉语”，C项指“赶上其他的孩子们”，这些信息

在文章中都没有提及。

(3)主旨大意题。本文通过列举一些具体的例子，说明了美国的父母

们正在兴起一种“aupair”热，即通过请说汉语的中国保姆来照顾自己

的孩子，从而让孩子们有机会学习汉语，这说明了汉语在美国日益受

到欢迎，因此选A项。B项指受过教育的妇女在照顾孩子方面更擅长,

与本文的主要内容没有关系；C项虽然提到了Chineseaupairs,但是

其侧重点在她们需要提高自己的英语技能上；D项说“孩子们可以在

6个月内学好一门外语”这与本文中儿童教育学家说的“Complete

masterydemandscontinuedlearninguntiltheageof10or12.“相矛盾。

4.

Therearemanyusefulsuggestionsthatcanhelponetoimprove

English.Herearesomeofthemtoincreaseone'sEnglishlanguage

vocabulary.

LearningEnglishvocabularyisaboutmuchmorethanjustlearningthe

rightwords.Itisbasedonunderstandingimportantwordsand

expressions.

Learningawordwillnothelpverymuchifyouquicklyforgetit.

Researchesshowthatittakesfrom10to20repetitions（重复）toreally

makeawordpartofyourvocabulary.Sincemostwordsarelearnedfrom

howtheyareusedincontext（上下文），themorewordsoneisshown,the

bettervocabularyonewillhave.Keepapieceofpaperclosetoyou.

Whenyouread,paycloseattentiontothewordyoudonotknow,write

theworddownandtrytounderstanditsmeaningfromthecontext.Then

lookupthewordinadictionary.

RememberthatifyoudonotuseEnglishwordsthatyouhavejustlearned

inconversationorwriting,youwillforgetthemveryquickly.Sothebest

waytolearnnewwordseffectivelyisjustbytryingtousethemin

conversationandwriting.Andrememberthatpracticeisthekeytofluent

spokenEnglish.

Buildingvocabularyisalife-longtask.Remember:"Inthebeginningwas

theword.^^Yourfuturecoulddependonhowrichyourvocabularyis.It

willalsodeterminethequalityofyourcommunication.

(1)WecanlearnfromthepassagethatlearningEnglishvocabulary

A.isjustaboutlearningtherightwords

B.isaboutrememberingmoreandmorewords

C.doesn'trequireonetolearnexpressions

D.requiresonetounderstandimportantexpressions

(2)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Tomasteraword,youneedtorepeatit10-20times.

B.Ifyourememberaword,youwillstillforgetitifyoudon'tuseit.

C.Itdoesn'ttakelongtobuildone'svocabulary.

D.PracticeisveryimportantinfluentspokenEnglish.

(3)Thebestwaytolearnnewwordsis.

A.tryingtousethemwhilespeakingandwriting

B.writingthemdownoverandoveragain

C.alwayslookingthemupinthedictionary

D.readingthemaloudoverandoveragain

(4)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.HowtoenrichyourEnglishvocabulary.

B.HowtohaveagoodconversationinEnglish.

C.WhycontextisimportantinlearningEnglish.

D.Howtoimprovethequalityofcommunication

答案：(1).(4)DCAA

解析：［语篇解读］你知道如何增加英语词汇量吗？理解词汇和短语的

意思，通过上下文学习，在对话和写作中运用，这些方法都对增加词

汇量大有裨益。

(1)细节理解题。根据第二段的LearningEnglishvocabularyisabout

muchmorethanjustlearningtherightwords.Itisbasedon

understandingimportantwordsandexpressions.可知，学习英语词汇不

仅仅是学习正确的单词，学习词汇应该建立在理解词汇和短语的基础

之上，故选D项。A项与LearningEnglishvocabularyisaboutmuch

morethanjustlearningtherightwords.矛盾。B项“记越来越多的单词”

在文中未提及。C项与Itisbasedonunderstandingimportantwords

andexpressions.矛盾。

⑵细节理解题。根据第五段第一句Buildingvocabularyisalife-long

task.可知，发展词汇量是一个终生的任务，故C项表达与文甯内容不

符。A项与第三段的Researchesshowthatittakesfrom10to20

repetitions(重复)toreallymakeawordpartofyourvocabulary.相符。B

项与第四段的…ifyoudonotuseEnglishwordsthatyouhavejust

learnedinconversationorwriting,youwillforgetthemveryquickly.相

符。D项与第四段的Andrememberthatpracticeisthekeytofluent

spokenEnglish.相符。

⑶细节理解题。由第四段第二句Sothebestwaytolearnnewwords

effectivelyisjustbytryingtousetheminconversationandwriting.W

知，学习新的词汇最好的方法是在对话和写作中多加运用，故选A

项。

⑷主旨大意题。文章讲的是增加词汇量的方法，如：理解词汇和短

语的意思，通过上下文学习，在对话和写作中运用。由此可知A项

正确。

5.七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选

项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

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