Unit 10 课时2 Section A（3a-4c）学案-2022-2023学年人教版八年级英语下册学习讲义

Unit10I'vehadthisbikeforthreeyears.

课时2SectionA(3a-4c)

Learningaims:

1.学习掌握下列词汇:

clearclearoutbedroomnolongerownrailwaycertainhonesttruthfultobehonestpartpart

withwhile

2.掌握现在完成时的用法

3.正确区分现在完成时与一般过去时

4.正确运用for和since的用法

重点词汇和短语

1.adj.地位低下的

2.n.卧室

3.adj.某种；某事；某人

4.adj.诚实的；老实的

5.v.清理；清除

6.n.一段时间

7.n.家乡；故乡

8.—会儿

9.养狗

10.故乡情

11.一年一两次

12._________________________________

你拥有那边那辆自行车多长时间了？

13.Tvehaditforthreeyears=___________________________________

我已拥有它3年了/自从3年以前我就拥有它了。

14._______________________________________________

随着他们的长大，我们的房子看起来变小了。

1.Wehavealreadyclearedoutalotofthingsfromourbedrooms.我们已经从卧室里清理出了许多东西。

clearout“清除，清理”。其中，clear用作动词,意为“清理,清除”。

斯Pleaseclearoutthecupboard.请把橱柜清理一下。

斯Whosejobistoclearoutsnowfromtheroad?谁的工作是把路上的雪清除掉？

【知识拓展】

clearup

(1)清理；使整洁

MZlearupthedesk,willyou?请把书桌整理一下，好吗？

(2)放晴

Mtclearedupsoonaftertherain.雨后天气迅速放晴。

例：—You'dbetteryouroldtoys.Theyarenousenow.

一ButIwanttokeepthembecausetheybringbacksweetmemories.

A.bringoutB.checkoutC.clearoutD.cleanup

2.Wehavedecidedtoeachsellfivethingsthatwenolongeruse.我们决定每人出售5件不再使用的物品。

(1)decidetodosth.决定去做某事，否定形式为decidenottodosth.odecide后只能接不定式，不可接动名词。

此Hedecidednottogothere.他决定不去那儿了。

【知识拓展】

decide相关结构：

decide+that从句;

-<decide+疑问词+不定式；

decideagainstdoingso=decidenottodoso决定不这么做。

诙Theydecidedthattheywoulddeclinetheinvitation.他们决定谢绝邀请。

Mcan'tdecidewhattodo.

我不能决定做什么才好。

此Wedecidedoncarryingouttheplan.

我们决定执行这个计划。

好Theyhavedecidedagainstcampinginthemountains.

他们决定不在山上露营。

例：Theyhavetworoomstolivein,buttheycan'tdecide.

A.tochoosewhichoneB.choosewhichone

C.whichonetochooseD.whattochoose

3.Forexample,hehasownedatrainandrailwaysetsincehisfourthbirthday,・・・例如，自从他的4岁生日

其，他就拥有了一套火车和铁路轨道的玩具……

own动词，意为“拥有;有”。

的Whoownsthishouse?谁拥有这幢房子？

【知识拓展】

(1)ownadj.&pron.自己的;本人的。

MhaveadreamthatIcanhavemyownfirmoneday.

我有一个梦想，将来的某一天，我能有一个自己的公司。

(2)one'sown表示“某人自己的”。own自己的，要放在物主代词或名词所有格

后面。

断Shesawitwithherowneyes.

她亲眼目睹了这件事。

(3)owner表示“拥有者,所有者，主人”。

的Whoistheownerofthehouse?

谁是这所房子的主人？

4.......althoughshealsofeltsadtopartwithcertaintoys.........尽管失去某些玩具她也感到很难过。

(1)partwith意为“放弃；交出；卖掉(尤指不舍得的东西)”，是“动词+介词”结构的短语，其后可接名词

或代词作宾语。

斯Don'tpartwithyourdream.不要放弃你的梦想。

Mdon'twanttopartwithmyoldb汰e.我不想卖掉我的旧自行车。

(2)certain形容词，意为“某些，某个”，仅用于名词前，作名词的定语。

诙AcertainMr.Brownphonedwhileyouwereout.

你出去的时候，有一位叫布朗的先生来过电话。

【易混辨析】certain/some

意为“某，某些”，既可修饰单数名词也可修饰复数名词。但表示

certain

"某一"时，certain之前要加不定冠词a。

作“某个，某一”理解，其本身已涵盖“一”的概念，因而仅用于

some

修饰单数可数名词。修饰可数名词复数，其意思是“一些”。

诙Hedidn'tattendthemeetingforsome/acertainreason.

出于某种原因，他没有参加会议。

向Certainplantsdon'tgrowwellinthiscountry.有些植物在这个国家生长不好。

【知识拓展】

⑴表“肯定的”意思时作表语，常用于结构becertaintodo/becertainof/becertain+that从

句。

的Heiscertaintosucceed.

他一定会成功。

阿Heiscertainofsuccess.他有把握成功。

的Iamcertainthathewillsucceed.

我肯定他会成功。

(2)其副词形式certainly=sure=ofcourse表示“当然

曲一CanIopenthedoor?我可以把门打开吗？

—Certainly.当然可以。

例：Ifyoutryyourbestnow,Iamthatyourdreamwillcometrue.

A.afraidB.worriedC.interestedD.certain

5.Asforme,Ididnotwanttoqiveupmyfootballshirts,but,tobehonest,Ihavenotplayedforawhilenow.

至于我，我不想放弃我的橄榄球球衫，但是，说实在的，现在我已经有一段时间没玩球了。

（1）asfor意为“至于，就……而言，涉及，提到（某人某事）”，通常位于句首，引出下面的话题，asfor后接名词/代

词/动名词。

诙Asforhomework,moststudentsdoiteveryday.

至于说家庭作业，大多数学生每天都做。

Everyonewantstowin.But________me,themostimportantthingistolearnsomethingnewandhavefun.（江西）

A.asforB.thankstoC.insteadofD.suchas

（2）tobehonest是不定式短语作插入语，意为“老实说，说实在的“，类似的短语有:totellthetruth说实话,tobe

exact确切地说,tostartwith首先,一开始。

的Tobehonest,itisoneofthebestbooksthatI'veeverread.

说实在的，这是我读过的最好的书之一。

【拓展】

（1）honest形容词，意为“诚实的；老实的”，其反义词为dishones俨不诚实的”，其

名词形式为honesty“诚实”。

陪Sheisanhonestwoman,andshewon'ttelllies.

她是个诚实的女人，不会撒谎的。

（2）honest以元音音素开头，前有不定冠词时用an。

Apersonwhoisdoesnottellliesorcheat（欺骗）people.

A.carelessB.stupidC.honestD.humorous

⑶while用作名词，意为“一段时间;一会儿”。

诙Theywalkedforawhileandstoppedtohavearest.

他们走了一会儿，然后停下来休息了一下。

【拓展】

while常见的搭配：

forawhile一会儿

afterawhile一会儿之后

inawhile不久；马上

onceinawhile有时；偶尔

Sofar,ithasn'tsnowedinZhenzhouthiswinter.However,itoftensnowsinthenortheast,itsnows

heavily.

A.forawhileB.afterawhileC.onceinawhileD.allthewhile

6.Whatwouldyoudowiththemoneyyouraise?你会用你筹集的钱做什么？

dowith意为“对付，处理”，相当于dealwitho

防Ittookmetoomuchtimetodowith/dealwiththeproblem.

处理这个问题花了我太多的时间。

(易混辨析】dealwith/dowith

(l)dealwith对付，处理，与疑问词how连用，侧重指解决问题的方式、方法,how作状

语。

斯5Howwillyoudealwiththeboy?

你将怎样处理这个男孩？

(2)dowith对付，处理，与疑问词what连用，侧重于对某物的利用,what作宾语。

的Whatdidyoudowithyouroldcar?

你的旧轿车是如何处理的？

-Haveyoudecidedtheseoldclothes,Mike?

一Notyet.ButIthinkIcandevotethemtothechildreninneedinpoorareas.

A.whattodealwithB.howtomanageC.howtodealD.whattodowith

挑堂演练

Vff

5一J

一、单项选择

1.EddiehaslivedwithMillie.

A.forfouryearsB.sincefouryears

C.forhewasbornD.afterhewasbom

2.Heiscertain________toninety.

A.liveB.ofliveC.toliveD.toliving

3.——Excuseme,isthisMr.Brown'soffice?

一I'msorry,butMr.Brownworkshere.Heleftaboutthreeyearsago.

A.notnowB.nomoreC.notstillD.nolonger

4.Thehouseisdirty.Weitforweeks.

A.didn'tcleanB.hadn51cleanedC.don'tcleanD.haven,tcleaned

5.Ifsdangerousforyoutogooutforawalkintheforestatnight.

A.onbusinessB.bythewayC.onyourownD.onthetop

二、用所给单词适当形式填空

6.Thegirlisvery(truth).Shenevertellsalie.

7.Theman(own)abighousewithagardensincetenyearsago.

8.BeforeBilllefttherestaurant,he(check)outthebillagain.

9.I(buy)thedictionaryfortwoyears.

10.Everyoneknowshimbecausehe(live)hereforfiveyears.

三、完形填空

DearNancy,

Howhaveyoubeenthesedays?FvebeeninSeattleforfivemonthsandsomanythingshave11.1was

nervousbeforewelefttheUK,buteverythinghasbeen12sincewemovedhere.Atschool,Imade13

withagirlnamedPolly.We'vealwaysgotonwell14eachother.Shealso15metootherstudents,and

thatmadeabigdifference.Lastweek,PollyandI16togotothePikePlaceMarket.Thereweremany

differentkindsofstands(货摊).Weenjoyedourselvesandhadalotof17.

Ifsgreattolivehere,18there?sonethingIreallymiss.Ihaven'theardanysoccernewsforalongtime.

Couldyoutellmesome?

Oh,Ihavetostopand19mysciencetestnextweek.MybookshavebeeninmybagsincelastFriday,but

I'vedone20formytest.

I'mlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.

Yours,

Claudia

11.A.checkedB.collectedC.happenedD.recorded

12.A.perfectB•honestC.terribleD.wrong

13.A.toolsB.friendsC.mistakesD.changes

14.A.fromB.aboutC.forD.with

15.A.allowedB.introducedC.searchedD.reported

16.A.invitedB.appearedC・refusedD.decided

17.A.lifeB.newsC.funD・advice

18.A.soB.butC.orD.if

19.A.prepareforB.findoutC.clearoutD.cheerup

20.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything

四、阅读理解

A

Asuddenillnesscompletelychangedourlives.DuringthefightagainstCOVID-19,doctorsandnursestried

theirbesttosavemoresickpeopleandbecameheroesandheroines.Atthesametime,manycommonpeople

broughtwarmstoriestous.

OnJanuary27,thefifthdayafterthecityofWuhanwasclosedoff,amangottoasmalltowncalledFengdie

inZhouqu,Gansu,givingaway2,000ofhisfacemasks（口罩）tothelocalgovernment.a4MywifeandIhave

keptthesefacemasksforsomedaysJthemannamedLiuJunchaosaid.64Iknowourcountryisingreatneedof

facemasksnow,soI'mcominghere."Liumakesalivingbyrunningasmallstore.Hecouldhavemademuch

moneybysellingthosefacemasks,buthevolunteeredtodosomethingmeaningful.

Whatcouldasmallgirldoatthattime?A10-year-oldgirlhasgivenusananswer.OnFebruary1,thegirl

namedXieLanyifromYangzhou,Jiangsu,gaveawayallherpocketmoney,495yuan,tothelocalpolicestation.

Themoneywasinapiggybank（储蓄罐）,withanotesaying"Comeon,Wuhan!”Thegirlcouldhaveusedthe

pocketmoneytobuyherfavoritethings,butshedidn't.Sheshowedherloveforourcountrybyhersmallactof

kindnessanditwarmedthewholeworld.

Thankstoallofthesekindpeople,wecansucceedinfightingagainsttheillness.

21.WhydidLiuJunchaogotoFengdie?

A.Tobuyfacemasks.B.Tosellfacemasks.

C.Togiveawayfacemasks.D.Tohelpmakefacemasks.

22.Whatwasthe1O-year-oldgirllike?

A.Smartandtalented.B.Kindandhelpful.C.Lovelyandoutgoing.D.Braveandbeautiful.

23.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph3referto?

A.Ourcountry.B.Thepiggybank.C.Thegirfspocketmoney.D.Thegirfsactofkindness.

24.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.LiuJunchaoandXieLanyiarefromrichfamilies.B.LiuJunchaomakesalivingbysellingfacemasks.

C.XieLanyigaveaway495yuantoapolicestation.D.LiuJunchaoandXieLanyiarefromthesameplace.

25•Whatdoesthispassagemainlytellus?

A.Commonpeopledidsomethingmeaningfulduringthehardtime.

B.Manybravedoctorsandnursestriedtosavethesickpeople.

C.Ourcountrywasingreatneedoffacemasksandmoney.

D.ManypeoplefromhomeandabroadhelpedWuhan.

B

Barbiecollectionisaverypopularhobbyforgirls.Thiswonderfulcollectionincludesdolls,clothingand

others.TheBarbiecollectionhasmanykindsofdolls.Barbiehasfriends,brothers,sistersandcousins.Barbiealso

hasdifferentkindsofpetslikecats,dogs,horses,pandas,lionsandzebras.Shealsoownsalotofcars,bikes,Jeeps

andsoon.Barbie'sjobsshowthatwomencantakeonmanykindsofrolesinlife.Barbiehasover108jobs,soyou

canseeherasadoctor,apolicewoman,anastronaut,adriver...

IspentmanyhoursplayingwithBarbiedollswhenIwasachild.Mydaughteralsohasdifferentdolls,clothes,

carsandhouses.ShealsospendsafewhoursenjoyingherBarbiedollsonweekends.Iwillputawayandsave

Barbieonceshedoesn'twanttoplaywiththem.

Barbiewaslaunchedin1959asafashiondoll.Sincethattimeshehasbeenoneofthemostpopulardollsin

theworld.Manycollectorscaneasilyrecalltheirchildhood（童年）whentheyseeBarbiedolls.Theyusuallycollect

specialdollsanddoitjustforfun.SomecollectBarbieclothing,pets,cars,furnitureorhomes.

SeriouscollectorsjoinclubsandlearnhowtocollectBarbie.Whetheryouareacasual（随意的）orserious

collector,youwillfindittobeafunandinterestinghobby.Youcanstartasalittlegirlandcontinueto

adulthood（成年）.

26.WhichcanbecollectedaboutBarbie?

a.differentkindsofdollsb.Barbie?sclothes

c.Barbie'spetsd.Barbie'stoyse.Barbie'scars

A.abedB.bedeC.acdeD.abce

27.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.AllBarbiedollsaregirls.B.Thewriter'sdaught