湖北省荆州市八县2024-2025学年高一上学期期末联考英语试题

学年度第一学期期末联考高一英语（测试时间：分钟卷面总分：分）注意事项：答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthewomanprobablygoingtodonext?A.foraphonecall.B.Makeanotherphonecall.C.GotoMr.Green’s2.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Atabookstore.B.Atalibrary.C.Atanairport.3.Howmuchshouldthemanpay?A.80cents.B.160cents.C.240cents.4.Whatisthewoman’sfavoritecolor?A.Red.B.Pink.C.5.Whatdocsthewomanthinkoftheweather?A.It’sverylovely.B.It’stoowarm.C.It’sabitcold.第1页/共24页第二节（共小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanenjoydoing?ATV.B.Ridingabicycle.C.Exercisingatthegym.7.Howmanysuggestionsdoesthewomangivetotheman?A.One.B.C.Three.听第7段材料，回答第、9题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Doctorandpatient.C.andstudent.9.Whatistheprobablecauseoftheproblem?A.Thebadfood.B.Thecoldnight.C.Themedicine.听第8段材料，回答第至题。10.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingtonight?A.TV.B.Sleepingearly.C.Seeingamovie.Whichpartofthemovieseemstoattractthewomanmost?A.Theactor.B.Thetiger.C.Thesea.12.Whenwilltheygettothecinema?A.At6:00p.m.B.At6:20p.m.C.At6:30p.m.听第9段材料，回答第至题。13.WhydidthemanadvisethewomannottoseetheBritishMuseumfirst?A.islimited.B.Itisclosedtoday.C.It’stoofar.14.Whatcanthewomandointhezoo?A.Playwiththeanimals.B.Feedthebirds.C.Drinktea.15.Wheredidtheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inamuseum.B.Inazoo.C.Inthestreet.16.Howwillthewomanprobablygettothezoo?第2页/共24页A.Onfoot.B.Bytaxi.C.Bybus.听第段材料，回答第至题。17.WhatisJenniferGreen?A.Awriter.B.Ahostess.C.Abookseller.18.Whatistheprogrammemainlyabout?A.Readinghabits.B.skills.C.Lifequality.19.WhichistheopinioninMr.Bastian’sbook?A.Painfulexperiencesmakeustrulyhappy.B.Painfulexperiencesareweakeningourselves.C.Painfulexperiencesareimportantforourdevelopment.20.WhatisProfessorBastiangoingtotalkabout?A.Hisviewsinthebook.B.Hisfutureplan.C.Hispastlife.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分分）第一节（共小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Apetshavetheirownwaytotellyouthesethings:Animalswantourattention,andsometimesthey’requiteopenaboutaskingforit.Antics(滑稽可笑的举止)areoftenourpets’wayoftellingustostopwhatwe’redoingandplaywiththem.It’swhyyourdogalwaysrunsafterhistailandwhyyourcatkeepsrollingaround.Sure,yourdoglovesyou,butthat’snotwhyhe’slicking(舔)yourface.Ababydoglearnstolickhismother’smouthtogetalittleleftover(吃剩的)food,soyourdogisn’tkissingyouinoursenseoftheword.Hejustwantsmeal.Catownersalsomisunderstandtheirfurryfriends’kisses.Whileacatmightlickyoutoshowherlove,sometimesshe’lldoittofort(抚慰)herself.Onewaytotellifherlickingisstressrelatediswhetheritgoesonforalongperiodoftime.Somebirdswillevenpullouttheirownfeatherswhentheyfeelanxious.I第3页/共24页Ifyourdogseemsfrightened(becausehe’shiding,say,orbreathingtooloudly),butshowingnoobvioussignsofdanger,trygivinghimabreakfrompeople—yourselfincluded.Eventhemostattentionhungrydogcanbenefitfromhavingacalmspaceofhisowntorelaxin,evenifit’sjustawoodenbox.AisWhenyourdogrushesoutsuddenly,payattention.Evenifyouseeclearskies,yourdogmightbesensingairpressurechangesorevensmellingtheingrain.TheMaxPlanckInstituteofAnimalBehaviourfoundthatdogscansenseearthquakesupto20hoursaheadoftime.1.Ifyourcatisrollingaround,whatmightshewanttodo?A.Askforsomethingtoeat.B.Askyoutoplaywithher.C.youtoletheralone.D.youastormising.2.Whatwilladogdoifheishungry?A.Lickyourface.B.Runafterhistail.C.Hideinawoodenbox.D.Rushoutinasudden.3.Whatcanwelearnfromthe“”part?A.Acatkissesyouonlytoshowherlove.B.Anxiousbirdsmaypullouttheirfeathers.C.Acatmayfortyoubylickingyourface.D.Afrighteneddogwillrushoutwithoutsigns.【答案】1.B2.A3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了你的宠物表达某些想法时的一些行为和表现。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Putdownyourphone!部分的“Animalswantourattention,andsometimesthey’requiteopenaboutaskingforit.Antics(滑稽可笑的举止)areoftenourpets’wayoftellingustostopwhatwe’redoingandplaywiththem.It’swhyyourdogalwaysrunsafterhistailandwhyyourcatkeepsrollingaround.(动物想要我们的关注，有时它们会很公开地要求我们的关注。滑稽动作通常是我们的宠物告诉我们停止我们正在做的事情，和他们一起玩的方式。这就是为什么你的狗总是追着它的尾巴跑，为什么你的猫总是打滚。)”可知，猫打滚是想要引起主人的注意，让主人和它一起玩。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Feedme.部分的“Sure,yourdoglovesyou,butthat’snotwhyhe’slicking(舔)yourface.Ababydoglearnstolickhismother’smouthtogetalittleleftover(吃剩的)food,soyourdogisn’tkissingyouinoursenseoftheword.Hejustwantsmeal.(第4页/共24页嘴来吃一点剩下的食物，所以你的狗不是在我们的意义上吻你。他只是想吃饭。)”可知，狗饿的时候会舔你的脸。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据I’mstressed.部分的“Somebirdswillevenpullouttheirownfeatherswhentheyfeelanxious.(有些鸟在焦虑的时候甚至会拔自己的羽毛。)”可知，焦虑的鸟可能会拔掉自己的羽毛。故选B项。BAsaresidentofHangzhou,OlympicchampiongymnastGuanChenchenisexcitedtoseeathletesfromalloverAsiagatherinherhometownforthecontinent’sbiggestsportingevents.The19yearoldhopesthatallthepetitorswillhittheirtargetsattheAsianGames—but,mostofall,enjoytheexperienceinoneofChina’smostscenic(风景优美的)cities.“IwishtheHangzhouAsianGamesgreatsuccess,andIhopealltheathletescanrealizetheirdreamsinHangzhou,”saidGuan,whoisnowstudyingatZhejiangUniversityafterretiringfromthenationalteam.GuanbecamewellknowninChinaafterwinningthewomen’sbalancebeam(平衡木)goldmedalattheOlympics,butin2022leftthenationalteamtoattenduniversity.Althoughtrainingwastoughbackthen,Guanadmitssheoftenmissesherformerlife.GuanneverpetedattheAsianGamesasanathlete,butfinallygotthechancetotakepartthisyear—asoneofthetorchbearers(火炬手).“I’msohappyandproudtotakepartintheeventinthisway.Thisisalsogreatrecognitionforme,”GuantoldChinaDaily.GuanwasborninJingzhou,HubeiProvince,butnowconsidersHangzhouherhometown.AftertrainingintheZhejiangcapitalforyears,shefinallybecamearesidentanduniversitystudentthere.“It’satotallynewexperienceinuniversityandIhavemoretimetoexplorenewthings,especiallythecityofHangzhou,”Guanadded.Guanplanstokeepacloseeyeontheartisticgymnasticspetitions,whichbeginonSunday,hoping,ofcourse,forhomeglory.“Ikeepclosecontactwithmyformerteammatesandsomeyoungerathletes.IknowhowhardtheyhavetrainedfortheGames,andIalwayssendthemmessagesofencouragement.”saidGuan.“I’malsointerestedineventslikediving,swimming,gymnastics,tabletennisandbadminton.IreallylikeswimmerShunanddiverQuanHongchan.IwishallofthemthebestofluckattheAsianGames,”shesaid.“Sportsandartisticgymnasticshavetaughtmealot.Ihavelearnedhowtobeindependent(独立的)andhow第5页/共24页tobeeabetterperson—moreresponsibleandmorestrongwilled,”shesaid.“Ihopemorepeoplecanjoinus.”4.WhatisGuanChenchennow?A.AdiverwhotookpartintheOlympics.B.Agymnastwhoisservinginthenationalteam.C.AuniversitystudentwhoisstudyinginHangzhou.D.AnathletewhopetedattheHangzhouAsianGames.5.WhatdidGuandoin2022?A.Shetookpartinatorchrelay.B.ShewonanOlympicgoldmedal.C.Sheretiredfromthenationalteam.D.ShemovedfromHubeiProvincetoHangzhou.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutGuanChenchen?A.ShehasbeenanathleteatAsianGames.B.ThoughshewasborninJingzhou,shelivesinHangzhouC.OfalltheChineseathletesshelikesQuanHongchanthebest.D.Sheoftenmissesherformerlifebecauseuniversitylifeissoboring.7.WhichofthefollowingisnotmentionedwhenGuantalksaboutwhatsportshavetaughther?A.Kindness.B.Determination.C.Responsibility.D.Independence.【答案】4.C5.C6.B7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了奥运会金牌获得者，体操运动员管晨辰的人物故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段““IwishtheHangzhouAsianGamesgreatsuccess,andIhopealltheathletescanrealizetheirdreamsinHangzhou,”saidGuan,whoisnowstudyingatZhejiangUniversityafterretiringfromthenationalteam.(管晨辰说，她从国家队退役后现在浙江大学学习。)”以及第七段“GuanwasborninJingzhou,HubeiProvince,butnowconsidersHangzhouherhometown.AftertrainingintheZhejiangcapitalforyears,shefinallybecamearesidentanduniversitystudentthere.(训多年后，她终于成为了那里的一名居民和大学生。)”可知，管晨辰现在是一名在杭州（浙江大学）读书的大学生。故选C项。【5题详解】GuanbecamewellknowninChinaafterwinningthewomen’sbalancebeam(平衡第6页/共24页木)goldmedalattheOlympics,butin2022leftthenationalteamtoattenduniversity.(管晨辰在东京奥运会上赢得女子平衡木金牌后在中国成名，但在2022年离开国家队去上大学。)”可知，2022年管晨辰从国家队退役去上大学了。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第七段“GuanwasborninJingzhou,HubeiProvince,butnowconsidersHangzhouherhometown.AftertrainingintheZhejiangcapitalforyears,shefinallybecamearesidentanduniversitystudentthere.(的一名居民和大学生。)”可知，管晨辰虽然出生在湖北荆州，但现在住在杭州。故选B项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段““Sportsandartisticgymnasticshavetaughtmealot.Ihavelearnedhowtobeindependent(独立的)andhowtobeeabetterperson—moreresponsibleandmorestrongwilled,”shesaid.“Ihopemorepeoplecanjoinus.”()”可知，管晨辰提到运动教会她独立、有责任感和意志坚强，没有提到善良（KindnessA项。CBetween1998and2017landslidesandmudslidesaffectednearlyfivemillionpeopleworldwideandtookthelivesofmorethan18,000.Incontrast,wildfiresandvolcanicactivitykilled2,400.IntheU.S.alone,slideskill25to50peopleeveryyear.wedon’thearverymuchaboutdangerousslides.volcanoes,wildfiresandhurricanesgetmoreattention.Theygetmorescientificattention,too.TheU.S.GeologicalSurveyhasalandslideresearchprogram,butmostuniversitiesdon’t.Americanresearchuniversitiesgenerallyavoidtrainingstudentstodothistypeofwork.Onereasonforthislackofresearchismoney.U.S.federalfundsforbiomedicalresearchrosetomorethan$25billionayearbetween1990and2000andhavestayedhigh.Ontheotherhand,fundingforeverythingelse—physics,environmentalsciences,otherlifesciences,mathematicsandevenputerscience—hasremainedmostlyflat(没有变化的).Environmentalscienceregularlyhasreceivedlessthan$5billionayear.Anotherproblemisthatslidesarehardtostudy.Thebasicideaissimple:Ahillsidebeesweakwhentheforceofgravity(地心力)beesstrongerthantheforcesholdingittogether.Butbecauserocksandsoilsarehighlychangeable,tellingwhenaparticularhillwillgivewayisalmostimpossible.It’shardtopublishunclearresults,soscientistsmaychooseotherresearchtopicsthatseemmorepromising.第7页/共24页Scientistsalsoliketoacceptthingstheyfindinteresting,and.Manyresearchersthinkoftheirworkasakindofdetectivestory,where“interesting”meansunderstandingahiddenprocess.Butslidesaren’thidden.Theyhappenquiteclearlyonthesurface,andtheprocessesareinsomewaysobvious.Idon’tblamescientistsforwantingtostudythingstheyfindfascinating.Alotofgoodworkhasbeendrivenbymystery(神秘事物).Butresearchershavetofindawaytobalanceloveofmysterywithaneedtosolvepressingproblemssuchastheslipperygroundunderourfeet.8.Whatdoweknowaboutlandslidesandmudslides?A.Theyaretoosimpleforuniversitiestostudy.B.Theydrawmoreattentiontimeandtimeagain.C.TheycosttheU.S.governmenttoomuchmoney.D.Theykilledmorepeoplethanwildfiresandvolcanoes.9.WhichofthefollowinghasreceivedthemostmoneyfromtheU.S.government?A.Biochemicalresearch.B.puterscience.C.Environmentalscience.D.Physicsandmaths.10.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordsinParagraph5mean?A.Slideresearchisjustlikeadetectivestory.B.Slideresearchdoesn’tseemtolastalongtime.C.Slidesareinterestingenoughtoberesearchedforlong.D.Slidesdon’tseemtobeinterestingenoughtoscientists.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheDangerousGroundUnderOurFeetB.TheDisastersThatKilltheMostPeopleC.TheHiddenForceUndertheGroundD.TheDisastersScientistsPayLittleAttentionto【答案】8.D9.A10.DA【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了山体滑坡和泥石流造成的死亡人数比火山、野火和龙卷风更多，但是科学家对它们的关注和研究却很少，作者呼吁科学家重视对山体滑坡和泥石流的研究。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Between1998and2017,landslidesandmudslidesaffectednearlyfivemillionpeopleworldwideandtookthelivesofmorethan18,000.Incontrast,wildfiresandvolcanicactivitykilled2,400.(1998年至2017年期间，全球近500万人受到山体滑坡和泥石流的影响，1.8万多人丧生。相比之下，第8页/共24页野火和火山活动导致2400人死亡)”可知，在1998年到2017年间，山体滑坡和泥石流导致的死亡人数比野火和火山活动导致的死亡人数更多。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“U.S.federalfundsforbiomedicalresearchrosetomorethan$25billionayearbetween1990and2000andhavestayedhigh.Ontheotherhand,fundingforeverythingelse—physics,environmentalsciences,otherlifesciences,mathematicsandevenputerscience—hasremainedmostlyflat(没有变化的).Environmentalscienceregularlyhasreceivedlessthan$5billionayear.(从1990年到2000国用于生物医学研究的联邦基金每年增加到250多亿美元，并一直保持在高位。另一方面，其他学科——物理学、环境科学、其他生命科学、数学甚至计算机科学——的资助基本保持不变。环境科学每年得到的资助通常不到50亿美元)250投入基本没有变化，环境科学每年投入不到50亿美元。故选A项。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Manyresearchersthinkoftheirworkasakindofdetectivestory,where“interesting”meansunderstandingahiddenprocess.Butslidesaren’thidden.Theyhappenquiteclearlyonthesurface,andtheprocessesareinsomewaysobvious.(趣”意味着理解一个隐藏的过程。但是幻灯片并不是隐藏的。它们在表面上发生得很清楚，而且过程在某些方面是显而易见的)”可知，许多研究人员认为他们的工作像侦探故事，有趣意味着理解一个隐藏的过程，fallshort”在这里表D项。【题详解】Butresearchershavetofindawaytobalanceloveofmysterywithaneedtosolvepressingproblemssuchastheslipperygroundunderourfeet.(但研究人员必须找到一种方法来平衡对神秘的热爱和解决紧迫问题的需要，比如我们脚下的滑坡)”可知，文章主要讲述了山体滑坡和泥石流造成了很多人的伤亡，然而却没有得到足够的关注和研究，包括资金投入少、研究困难以及科学家认为其不够有趣等原因，最后呼吁研究人员要平衡对神秘事物的热爱和解决像滑坡这类紧迫问题的需求。由此可知，A选项“TheDangerousGroundUnderOurFeet(我们脚下危险的土地)”既体现了滑坡这类地质灾害的危险性，又能涵盖文章主要内容，适合作本文标题。故选A项。DResearchersfromtheUniversityofAustraliarecentlystudied3,000middleandhighschoolstudents.Amongthemwere618teenagerswithoneparentwholivedawayfromhomeforlongperiodsoftimebecauseof第9页/共24页work.Theresearcherswantedtoknowhowtheworkofthese“flyin,flyout”parentsmightthehealthoftheirchildren.Ahigherpercentageofteenagerswhoexperiencedthelongtermabsence(缺席)ofaparenthadmoreemotionalorbehavioralproblemsthanthosewhoseparentsworkedmoretraditionalhours.Thissupportsearlierresearchthatfoundahighpercentageofemotionalproblemsinteenagerswhooftenreturnedtoanemptyhouseafterschool.Findingsalsosuggestthatparentsdon’thavetobehomeallthetime,butithelpstobehomeatcertaintimes.Andthebestparentalpresenceforateenagermaysometimesbelikeapotted(盆栽的)plant.Manyparentsofteenagershaveknownthistobetrueandfindwaystobepresentwithouttryingtostartaconversation.OnefriendofminequietlydoeshouseworkeacheveninginthesittingroomwhereherteenagerswatchTV.Theyenjoyeachother’spanywithouttheneedtotalk.Anotherfriendusuallyacceptshisdaughter’sinvitationtoworkorreadnearbywhileshesitsanddoesherhomework.Perhaps,that,atleastforsomefamilies,isthebestwayforateenagerandtheirparentstostayclose.Infact,manyyearsofresearchsuggeststhatchildrenusetheirparentsasasafebasefromwhichtoexploretheworld.Studiestellusthatyoungchildrenquietlyfollowtheirparents’movementsfromroomtoroom,evenwhilegoingonwiththeirownactivities.Perhapsourteens,likebabies,feelmostateasewhentheirparentsarestillaround.Theydon’twanttostayawayfromparentswhoallowthemfreedom.Anewschoolyearisathand,soasparentswecouldourteenagersa“pottedflower”asagift,whosequietandsteady(稳定的)presencewillgivethemagreatday.12.Whydidtheresearcherstudythe3,000students?A.findouthowmanyofthemlivedwithonlyoneparent.B.findouthowtheparents’absenceaffectedthechildren.C.findoutwhatjobstheirparentswereinterestedindoing.D.findoutwhethertheyhelpedtheirparentsdohousework.13.Whatmightbetheresultduetothelongabsenceofparents?A.Helpingthechildrentobemoreindependent.B.Encouragingthechildrentoenjoyquietness.C.Causingemotionalproblemstotheirchildren.D.Inspiringthechildrentostayclosertothem.14.Whatkindofparentscanbecalled“pottedplant”parents?A.Thosewhostaywiththeirchildrenandteachthemgardening.B.Thosewhostayawayfromtheirchildrenandgivethemfreedom.第10页/共24页C.Thosewhostayclosetotheirchildrenandkeeptalkingwiththem.D.Thosewhostaywiththeirchildrenandkeepsilentmostofthetime.15.Whatisthekids’attitudetowardsfreedomgivenbytheirparents?A.Positive.B.Critical.C.Disappointed.D.Disagreeable.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了青少年的成长需要父母的陪伴，而长期缺席陪伴的青少年在许多方面都会受到影响，作者呼吁家长们尽量做盆栽植物型父母，让孩子们健康快乐地成长。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Theresearcherswantedtoknowhowtheworkofthese“flyin,flyout”parentsmightthehealthoftheirchildren.(研究人员想知道这些“飞来飞去”的父母的工作如何影响他们孩子的健康)”可知，研究人员研究这3000名学生是为了找出父母不在身边会对孩子产生什么影响。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ahigherpercentageofteenagerswhoexperiencedthelongtermabsence(缺席)ofaparenthadmoreemotionalorbehavioralproblemsthanthosewhoseparentsworkedmoretraditionalhours.(与那些父母工作时间较为传统的青少年相比，经历过父母长期缺席的青少年中，有更高比例的人存在更多的情感或行为问题)”可知，父母长期缺席可能导致孩子出现情感问题。故选C项。【14题详解】Findingsalsosuggestthatparentsdon’thavetobehomeallthetime,butithelpstobehomeatcertaintimes.Andthebestparentalpresenceforateenagermaysometimesbelikeapotted(盆栽的)plant.(的父母有时就像一盆盆栽植物)”以及第四段中“Manyparentsofteenagershaveknownthistobetrueandfindwaystobepresentwithouttryingtostartaconversation.OnefriendofminequietlydoeshouseworkeacheveninginthesittingroomwhereherteenagerswatchTV.Theyenjoyeachother’spanywithouttheneedtotalk.Anotherfriendusuallyacceptshisdaughter’sinvitationtoworkorreadnearbywhileshesitsanddoesherhomework.(客厅里静静地做家务，她的孩子们在那里看电视。他们喜欢彼此的陪伴，不需要说话。另一位朋友通常会)在孩子身边，但大部分时间保持沉默，不一定要和孩子交谈的父母。故选D项。【15题详解】第11页/共24页推理判断题。根据第五段中“Perhapsourteens,likebabies,feelmostateasewhentheirparentsarestillaround.Theydon’twanttostayawayfromparentswhoallowthemfreedom.(也许我们的青少年就像婴儿一样，当父母还在身边的时候，他们会感到最自在。他们不想远离给他们自由的父母)”可知，孩子们不想远离给予他们自由的父母，说明他们对父母给予的自由持积极态度。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）Manyfactors(因索)influencewhenandhowapersonlosesweight.loseweight,youneedtoburnmorecaloriesthanyoutakeindaily.____16____However,exercisingortakingpartinotherphysicalactivitieswillhelpyouburnmorecalories.It’salsoimportanttoalwaysaskyourdoctoraboutyourchoicesandwhatmethodswillbemosthelpfulforyourbody.Somemedicalconditionsrequireextraconsiderations.____17____Genetics(遗传学)alsoplaysafactorinhowsuccessfulanindividual’sdietandexerciseplanis.Inonestudy,researchersdiscoveredthatgenescouldaccountforupto80%ofaperson’stendency(倾向)tobeoverweight.____18____Eatingahealthydietandgettingregularexerciseareimportanttomaintainyourhealthandwellness.____19____Thelatterreducesrisksofhavingheartdisease,cancerand2diabetes(糖尿病).Whileexercisingisgreatforyourhealth,it’snotalwaysachoiceforeveryone.____20____Gymmembershipscanalsobecostlyandsomepeoplejustsimplydon’thavethetimetheyneedtodedicate(献给)toaregularfitnessroutine(常规).mayhaveahardtimelosingweightquicklyandsafelywithoutexercise,butitispossible.A.canloseweightbyeatinglesswithoutexercise.B.Somekindsofnutrientsprovetocontributetomentalhealth.C.However,dietandexercisedoesn’talwaysensureweightloss.D.Itisunbelievablethatsomepeopleeatmuchbutstillkeepslim.E.Somepeoplefindexercisingchallengingduetoalackofinterestinit.F.Gettingtherightnutrients(营养物)inyourbodyfuelsyourcellsandhelpsyoufeelbetter.G.Otherfindingsshowthatgenesarehelpfulfordeterminingaperson’sabilitytobuildmusclemass(肌肉量).【答案】16.A17.C18.G19.F20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文探讨了减肥是否需要运动。文章指出，减少卡路里摄入可以帮助减肥，但第12页/共24页运动可以加速这一过程。遗传因素也影响减肥效果，基因可能决定一个人是否容易超重。保持健康饮食和定期锻炼对整体健康至关重要，但并非所有人都能做到。有些人可能因为缺乏兴趣、时间或经济原因而无法坚持运动。尽管如此，即使不运动，通过控制饮食也能实现减肥目标。【16题详解】根据上文“loseweight,youneedtoburnmorecaloriesthanyoutakeindaily.()”以及下文“However,exercisingortakingpartinotherphysicalactivitieswillhelpyouburnmorecalories.()HoweverA选项canloseweightbyeatinglesswithoutexercise.(你可以通过少吃而不运动来减肥。)可知，符合此推断，起到上下文的承上启下作用，符合语境。故选A项。【17题详解】根据下文“Genetics(遗传学)alsoplaysafactorinhowsuccessfulanindividual’sdietandexerciseplanis.(遗传学也是决定个人饮食和锻炼计划成功与否的一个因素。)”可知，遗传学在个人的饮食和锻炼计划的成功C选项However,dietandexercisedoesn’talwaysensureweightloss.()故选C项。【18题详解】根据上文“Genetics(遗传学)alsoplaysafactorinhowsuccessfulanindividual’sdietandexerciseplanis.Inonestudy,researchersdiscoveredthatgenescouldaccountforupto80%ofaperson’stendency(倾向)tobeoverweight.(传学可能占一个人超重倾向的80%。)”可知，这里在说遗传学对减肥的影响，G选项Otherfindingsshowthatgenesarehelpfulfordeterminingaperson’sabilitytobuildmusclemass(肌肉量).(其他研究结果表明，基因有助于确定一个人增加肌肉量的能力。)可知，也是在说基因的作用，与上文衔接紧密。故选G项。【19题详解】根据上文“Eatingahealthydietandgettingregularexerciseareimportanttomaintainyourhealthandwellness.(吃健康的饮食和经常锻炼对保持身体健康很重要。)”可知，这里说的是健康饮食和定期锻炼对保持健康的Thelatterreducesrisksofhavingheartdisease,cancerand2diabetes(糖尿病).(后者可以降低患心脏病、癌症和2型糖尿病的风险。)”中“thelatter”指的是“gettingregularexercise”，那么前一句应是说健康饮食的作用，F选项Gettingtherightnutrients(营养物)inyourbodyfuelsyourcellsandhelpsyoufeelbetter.(在你的身体中获取正确的营养物质能为你的细胞提供能量并帮助你感觉更好。)可知，符合此推第13页/共24页断，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选F项。【20题详解】根据上文“Whileexercisingisgreatforyourhealth,it’snotalwaysachoiceforeveryone.(虽然锻炼对你的健康有好处，但并不是每个人都适合。)”以及下文“Gymmembershipscanalsobecostlyandsomepeoplejustsimplydon’thavethetimetheyneedtodedicate(奉献给)toaregularfitnessroutine(常规).(健身房会员也很贵，有些人只是没有时间去做常规的健身计划。)”可知，这里在说有些人不选择运动的原因，E选项Somepeoplefindexercisingchallengingduetoalackofinterestinit.(有些人因为对运动缺乏兴趣而觉得运动具有挑战性。)可知，也是不选择运动的一个原因，符合语境。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分分）第一节（共小题；每小题1分，满分分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnedayIwasjustabouttoleavethedogkennel(养狗场)whereIworkedwhenIfoundababygoatattheendofthedriveway.Thekennel’sownersareknownanimalrescuers,soIguessedsomeonehad____21____thebabygoatthere.HewasobviouslynervousbutstoodstillasIclosetohim.I’mananimalloverandI’vebroughthomedogs,cats,horses,chickens,andfish,but____22____agoat.Idecidedto____23____thebabygoat.InamedhimQuincy,andwiththehelpofsomeexperiencedfriends,bottlefedhiminmy____24____.Quincyprovedtobequite____25____.Whenhewasaboutaweekold,Ihitmyfingerslightlyonthebathroomfloorandsaid“Liedown!”Iwasgreatlysurprisedwhenhedroppeddown.Iwasevenmore____26____whenherepeateditthreetimes.Aquickstudy,Quincylearnedtoliedown,bow,andturninacircleinnotime.Hewill____27____intothebackofmySUVwhenIsay“Loadup!”HeknowsthenameofeverythingIfeedhim(apples,water,carrots,andstrawberries),andevenjoinsusfortripstothedogpark.Iloveto____28____animalsandoftentakemydogstoshowswheretheycanperformtheirtricks(戏法).Quincydidhisfirstshowwhenhewasjustsixweeksold.Heknewonlyafew____29____then,buthedidthemverywellandnevergot_____30_____infrontofthecrowd.Nowhecanplaymanytricks:He’llshakefeet,_____31_____whencalled,walkonaleash(牵狗的皮带),wave,andsmileforthecamerawhenIsay“_____32_____!”.Quincyandmydogs_____33_____regularlyatschools,nursinghomes,andcharityevents.Quincycaneven“read”histricksfromcuecards(提示卡),which第14页/共24页always_____34_____themostapplause(掌声).It’shardtobelievethatthegoatkidnobodywantedturnedouttobeoneofthesmartestandmostgoodnatured_____35_____I’veeverhad.21.A.lostB.leftC.soldD.hidden22.A.alsoB.ratherC.oftenD.never23.A.giveoutB.setdownC.takeinD.fallapart24.A.bedroomB.bathroomC.kitchenD.classroom25.A.cleverB.strongC.slimD.curious26.A.alarmedB.sadC.amazedD.concerned27.A.jumpB.breakC.walkD.look28.A.huntB.trainC.rescueD.protect29.A.dogsB.guestsC.tricksD.friends30.A.nervousB.angryC.confidentD.proud31.A.eB.rescueC.takeD.fly32.A.cakeB.cheeseC.breadD.milk33.A.studyB.C.performD.protest34.A.trapsB.cheatsC.measuresD.gains35.A.familiesB.dogsC.plantsD.animals【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.B25.A26.C27.A28.B29.C30.A31.A32.B33.C34.D35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者收养了被人遗弃的小山羊昆西，并训练它学会各种表演技巧的故事。【21题详解】A.lost丢失；B.left留下；C.sold出售；D.hidden隐藏。根据上文“Thekennel’sownersareknownanimalrescuers”left境。故选B项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我是一个动物爱好者，我带过狗、猫、马、鸡和鱼回家，但从来没有带过山羊。第15页/共24页A.also也；B.ratherC.often经常；D.never“I’mananimalloverandI’vebroughthomedogs,cats,horses,chickens,andfish,but”可知，作者是动物爱好者，带过很多动物回家，但是从来没never”（从不）符合语境。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我决定收养这只小山羊。A.giveout分发；B.setdown写下，记下；C.takein收留，接纳；D.fallapart崩溃，瓦解。根据下文“InamedhimQuincy,andwiththehelpofsomeexperiencedfriends,bottlefedhimtakein”表示“收留，接纳”，符合语境。故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给它取名昆西，在一些经验丰富的朋友的帮助下，在我的浴室里用奶瓶喂它。A.bedroom卧室；B.bathroom浴室；C.kitchen厨房；D.classroom教室。根据下文“Whenhewasaboutaweekold,Ihitmyfingerslightlyonthebathroomfloorandsaid“Liedown!””可知，作者是在浴室里训练小山bathroom”（浴室）符合语境。故选B项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实证明昆西相当聪明。A.clever聪明的；B.strong强壮的；C.slim苗条的；D.curious好奇的。根据下文“Whenhewasaboutaweekold,Ihitmyfingerslightlyonthebathroomfloorandsaid“Liedown!”Iwasgreatlysurprisedwhenhedroppeddown.Iwasevenmore____6____whenherepeateditthreetimes.”以及“Aquickstudy,Quincylearnedtoliedown,bow,andturninacircleinnotime.clever”（聪明的）符合语境。故选A项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更让我吃惊的是，他又重复了三遍。A.alarmed惊慌的，担心的；B.sad难过的；C.amazed惊讶的；D.concerned关心的。根据上文“Iwasgreatlysurprisedwhenhedroppeddown.