仁爱科普版（2024）七年级英语下册Unit8单元测试卷（含答案解析）

第第页仁爱科普版（2024）七年级英语下册Unit8单元测试卷姓名分数‌一、单项选择（15小题，每小题1分，共15分）Weshould______thetapwhenbrushingteethtosavewater.A.turnonB.turnoffC.reuseFreshwateris______,sowemustprotectit.A.valuableB.wideC.quick—Whatcanwedotoreducewaste?—Weshould______plasticbagsanduseclothbagsinstead.A.dropB.reuseC.brushDon't______inthelibrary.It'sapublicplace.A.smokeB.readC.study—______wastewaterwhilewashingvegetables.—OK,I’llcollectitforplants.A.Don’tB.Doesn’tC.Not______plasticbagshelpsreduce“whitepollution”.A.ReuseB.ReusesC.ReusingThe______Oceanisthelargestanddeepestintheworld.A.PacificB.IndianC.Eastern—Howdoweread“3,500”inEnglish?—It’s______.A.threethousandfivehundredB.thirty-fivehundredC.bothAandBWeshouldturnofflights______leavingtheroom.A.whileB.throughC.before______riversarepollutedbyfactories.A.MillionofB.MillionsofC.Fivemillions—______thewaterrunwhenyou’renotusingit!—Sorry,I’llfixthetap.A.LetB.Don’tletC.Notlet“______theelectricitywhenyoudon’tneedit!”isawaytosaveenergy.A.TurnonB.TurnoffC.Turnup______ofthestudentsinourclassrecyclepapereveryweek.A.TwothirdB.Two-thirdsC.Second-three—Whatcanwedotohelpmarinelife?—Stop______plasticintothesea.A.throwB.throwingC.tothrowThegovernmentshould______strictlawstoprotectforests.A.makeB.makesC.making‌二、词汇运用（20小题，每小题1分，共20分）A.用方框中词语的适当形式完成下列短文，每个单词只能使用一次planet,ocean,reuse,valuable,cycle,fresh,drop,pollute,waste,protect‌TheEarthisourblue___1___,andwemusttakecareofit.Only2.5%ofwateronEarthis__2____waterfordrinking.Weshould___3___plasticbottlesinsteadofthrowingthemaway.Thewater___4___helpsrainwaterreturntoriversandoceans.Manyseaanimalsdiebecauseofplastic__5___intheocean.Turningoffthetapwhilebrushingteethcanreducewater__6____.Oilspillsmakethe____7__dirtyandharmmarinelife.Asingle____8__ofwatercansaveaplantindryweather.Forestsare___9___becausetheycleantheairandprovideoxygen.Governmentsmakelawsto___10___endangeredanimals.1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、‌B.用括号内单词的适当形式填空11.Weshould______(use)bothsidesofpapertosavetrees.‌12.The______(pollute)ofriversmakesithardforfishtosurvive.‌13.Pleaseturnoffthetapwhile______(brush)yourteeth.‌14.Manycountriesare______(quick)developingwaystousesolarenergy.‌15.It'simportant______(protect)ourwaterresources.‌16.Wecansavewaterby______(collect)rainwater..‌17.Thegovernmentencouragespeople______(collect)rainwaterforgardening.‌18.Theriveris______(wide)thanIthought.‌19.Scientistsarestudyinghow______(protect)coralreefs‌.‌20.Thechildren______(plant)50treesintheparklastweekend.三、完成句子（5小题，每小题1分，共5分）1、政府应该制定严格的法律来减少污染。Thegovernmentshould______strictlawstoreducepollution.2、回收玻璃瓶有助于减少浪费。______glassbottleshelpsreducewaste.3.刷牙时不要让水一直流。Don’t______thewater______whenyoubrushyourteeth.4、洗手后请关掉水龙头。Please______thetap______afterwashingyourhands.5、收集雨水用来浇花是个好方法。Collectingrainwaterisagoodway______plants.‌‌四、语法填空（10小题，每小题1分，共10分）‌‌WaterIsPrecious‌Waterisessentialforlife.About71%oftheEarth’ssurfaceiscoveredbywater,butonly2.5%isfreshwater.Mostfreshwaterisiniceorunderground.Weusewaterfordrinking,farming,and‌1‌______(wash).However,manypeoplewastewater.Forexample,someleavethetaprunning‌2‌______brushingteeth.Tosavewater,weshouldtakeshortershowersandfixdrippingtaps‌3‌______(quick).‌4‌______,cleanwaterisbecomingscarcer.By2025,about70%ofpeoplemightfacewatershortages‌12.Dirtywatercausesdiseases,especiallyforchildren.Insomecountries,peoplewalkkilometersdaily‌5‌______(get)cleanwater‌7.Wemustactnow!Simplestepslikecollectingrainwater‌6‌______(plant)andreusingoldbottlescanmakeadifference.Governmentsalsoneed‌7‌______(create)strictlawstoreducepollution‌4.Remember:‌8‌______dropcounts.Ifeveryone‌9‌______(do)theirpart,ourblueplanetwillstay‌10‌______(health)forfuturegenerations.‌五、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）Passage1WaterisessentialforalllivingthingsonEarth.Withoutwater,lifeasweknowitwouldnotexist.TheEarthisoftencalledthe"BluePlanet"becauseabout71%ofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater.However,mostofthiswaterissaltwaterfoundinoceansandseas.Onlyasmallpercentageisfreshwater,whichissuitableforhumanuse.Freshwaterisfoundinlakes,rivers,glaciers,andundergroundaquifers.Itisusedfordrinking,agriculture,industry,andmanyotherpurposes.Despiteitsimportance,freshwaterresourcesarelimitedandunderthreatfrompollution,overuse,andclimatechange.1、WhatpercentageoftheEarth'ssurfaceiscoveredbywater?（）A.29%B.50%C.71%2、Whattypeofwaterissuitableforhumanuse?（）A.SaltwaterB.FreshwaterC.Seawater3、Whereisfreshwaterfound?A.InoceansandseasB.Inlakes,rivers,glaciers,andundergroundaquifersC.Intheatmosphere4、Whatarethethreatstofreshwaterresources?（）A.Pollution,overuse,andclimatechangeB.OnlypollutionC.Onlyoveruse5、WhyistheEarthcalledthe"BluePlanet"?（）A.BecauseitiscoveredbyblueflowersB.BecausemostofitssurfaceiscoveredbywaterC.BecausetheskyisbluePassage2‌WaterCycleandLife‌Waterisessentialforalllivingthings.Itmovesinacyclecalledthewatercycle,whichincludesevaporation,condensation,andprecipitation.Whenthesunheatswaterinoceans,lakes,orrivers,itevaporatesandbecomeswatervapor.Thisvaporrises,coolsdown,andformsclouds(condensation).Finally,thewaterfallsbacktotheEarthasrainorsnow(precipitation).Withoutthiscycle,lifeonEarthwouldnotexist‌.Humansplayaroleinthiscycletoo.Forexample,whenweusetoomuchwaterforfarmingorindustry,itcanaffectthebalanceofgroundwater.Pollutionfromfactoriesmayalsoharmthequalityofrainwater.Toprotectthewatercycle,weshouldreducewasteandavoidpouringchemicalsintorivers.‌Questions‌1、‌Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?（）‌

A.Howtosavewaterathome

B.Theprocessandimportanceofthewatercycle

C.Thedangersofoceanpollution

2、‌Whathappensafterwaterevaporates?（）‌

A.Itformsclouds.

B.Itfallsassnow.

C.Itbecomesgroundwater.

3、‌Whichhumanactivityharmsthewatercycle?（）‌

A.Collectingrainwater

B.Usingchemicalsinrivers

C.Plantingtrees

4、‌Theword“precipitation”inParagraph1mostlikelymeans______.（）‌

A.waterrisingintotheair

B.waterfallingfromthesky

C.waterturningintoice5、‌Whatactionissuggestedtoprotectthewatercycle?（）‌A.Increase（增加）industrialwateruseB.Ignore（忽视）leakingtapsC.Avoid（避免）pouringchemicalsintoriversPassage3‌SavingWaterinDailyLife‌Manypeoplewastewaterwithoutrealizingit.Forinstance,leavingthetaprunningwhilebrushingteethusesabout6litersofwaterperminute.Takingshortershowersandfixingdrippingtapscansavethousandsoflitersyearly.Anotherwayistoreusewater.Forexample,waterfromwashingvegetablescanbecollectedforplants.Governmentsalsoneedtoact.Buildingsystemstorecyclewastewaterandmakinglawstolimitfactorypollutionareeffectivesolutions.Insomecountries,familiesevengetrewardsforreducingwateruse.‌Questions‌1、‌Howmuchwateriswastedperminuteifthetaprunsduringtoothbrushing?（）‌

A.3liters

B.6liters

C.10liters2、‌Whichactionisanexampleofreusingwater?（）‌A.CollectingrainwaterforcleaningfloorsB.PouringchemicalsintoriversC.Takinglongershowers

3、‌Whatisawaytoreusewaterathome?（）‌

A.Throwingplasticbottles

B.Usingvegetable-washingwaterforplants

C.Takinglongershowers

4、‌Whatshouldgovernmentsdotosavewater?（）‌

A.Encouragelongershowers

B.Buildwastewaterrecyclingsystems

C.Increasefactorypollution

5、‌Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?（）‌

A.Toexplainwaterpollution

B.Tosuggestwaystosavewater

C.TodescribethewatercyclePassage4‌TheImportanceofCleanWater‌Waterisvitalforlife,butpollutionthreatensitssafety.Manyriversarepollutedbychemicalsfromfactoriesandwastefromcities.Thispollutionharmsfishandplantsinrivers.Forexample,atthemouthofariver,wherefreshwatermeetsthesea,pollutioncandestroyecosystems.Toprotectwater,governmentsneedstrictlawstocontrolfactorywaste,andpeopleshouldavoidlitteringinrivers‌‌Questions‌（判断以下句子正误，正确写‌T‌，错误写‌F‌）1、‌Pollutionfromfactoriesandcitiesharmsriverlife.‌（）2、‌Themouthofariveriswheresaltwatermeetsfreshwater.‌（）‌3、‌Peoplecanprotectriversbythrowingtrashintothem.‌（）‌4、‌Governmentsshouldreducelawstohelpfactories.‌（）5、‌Pollutionhasnoimpact（影响）onplantsinrivers.‌（）‌六、书面表达（满分10分）根据所学内容，写一篇关于如何节约用水的文章，要求包括以下要点：1、水对人类、植物和动物都很重要；2、介绍如何节约用水（至少三条建议）。写作要求：1、文中须包含以上所有提示，可适当发挥；2、文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称；3、词数70词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。提示词：bath盆浴HowtoSaveWaterHello,IamKangkang.Weallneedwater.Waterissoimportantforusandweshouldsavewater.答案解析单项选择1题：刷牙时应关掉水龙头节约用水，“turnoff”表示“关掉”，选B。2题：淡水很珍贵，所以要保护它，“valuable”意为“珍贵的”，选A。3题：为减少浪费，我们应重复使用塑料袋，用布袋代替，“reuse”是“重复使用”，选B。4题：图书馆是公共场所，不能吸烟，“smoke”是“吸烟”，选A。5题：祈使句的否定形式用“Don't+动词原形”，选A。6题：动名词作主语，“Reusing”表示“重复使用”，选C。7题：太平洋是世界上最大最深的海洋，“PacificOcean”是“太平洋”，选A。8题：“3,500”可以读作“threethousandfivehundred”或“thirty-fivehundred”，选C。9题：离开房间前应关灯，“before”是“在……之前”，选C。10题：“millionsof”表示“数百万的”，选B。11题：不要让水在不用的时候流，“Don'tlet”符合语境，选B。12题：不需要电时应关掉，“turnoff”是“关掉”，选B。13题：分数表达法是“基数词+序数词复数”，“two-thirds”表示“三分之二”，选B。14题：“stopdoingsth.”表示“停止做某事”，停止往海里扔塑料，选B。15题：should是情态动词，后接动词原形，“makelaws”表示“制定法律”，选A。词汇运用A1题：地球是我们的星球，“planet”是“星球”。2题：地球上只有2.5%的水是可饮用的淡水，“fresh”是“新鲜的，淡水的”。3题：我们应重复使用塑料瓶，“reuse”是“重复使用”。4题：水循环帮助雨水回到河流和海洋，“cycle”是“循环”。5题：许多海洋动物因海洋中的塑料污染而死亡，“pollution”是“污染”。6题：刷牙时关掉水龙头可减少水浪费，“waste”是“浪费”。7题：石油泄漏使海洋变脏，“ocean”是“海洋”。8题：一滴水在干旱天气能拯救一株植物，“drop”是“滴”。9题：森林很珍贵，“valuable”是“珍贵的”。10题：政府制定法律保护濒危动物，“protect”是“保护”。词汇运用B11题：should后接动词原形，“use”是“使用”。12题：“the+名词+of”结构，“pollution”是“pollute”的名词形式，意为“污染”。13题：while引导的时间状语从句，当主句和从句主语一致，且从句谓语动词有be动词时，可省略从句主语和be动词，“while(youare)brushing”，填“brushing”。14题：修饰动词“developing”用副词，“quickly”是“quick”的副词形式，意为“快速地”。15题：“It's+形容词+todosth.”是固定句型，“toprotect”是“保护”的动词不定式形式。16题：by是介词，后接动词-ing形式，“collecting”是“collect”的动名词形式，意为“收集”。17题：“encouragesb.todosth.”表示“鼓励某人做某事”，“tocollect”是“collect”的动词不定式形式。18题：than是比较级的标志词，“wide”的比较级是“wider”，意为“更宽的”。19题：“howtodosth.”是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，“toprotect”是“保护”的动词不定式形式。20题：lastweekend是一般过去时的标志，“plant”的过去式是“planted”，意为“种植”。完成句子1题：“制定法律”用“makelaws”，should后接动词原形，填“make”。2题：动名词作主语，“回收”是“recycle”，填“Recycling”。3题：“让……一直做某事”用“let...dosth.”，“流”是“run”，填“let;run”。4题：“关掉”是“turnoff”，填“turn;off”。5题：“agoodwaytodosth.”表示“做某事的好方法”，“浇花”是“waterplants”，填“towater”。语法填空1题：for是介词，后接动词-ing形式，“washing”是“wash”的动名词形式，意为“洗”。2题：“while”表示“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句。3题：修饰动词“fix”用副词，“quickly”是“quick”的副词形式，意为“快速地”。4题：此处表示转折，“However”意为“然而”，且首字母大写。5题：“toget”是动词不定式作目的状语，意为“为了得到”。6题：“toplant”是动词不定式作目的状语，意为“为了种植”。7题：“needtodosth.”表示“需要做某事”，“tocreate”是“create”的动词不定式形式，意为“创造，制定”。8题：“Every”表示“每一个”，“Everydrop”表示“每一滴水”。9题：if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，主语“everyone”是第三人称单数，“do”的第三人称单数形式是“does”。10题：stay是系动词，后接形容词作表语，“health”的形容词形式是“healthy”，意为“健康的”。阅读理解Passage1：1题：文中提到“about71%ofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater”，选C。2题：“Onlyasmallpercentageisfreshwater,whichissuitableforhumanuse”，选B。3题：“Freshwaterisfoundinlakes,rivers,glaciers,andundergroundaquifers”，选B。4题：“freshwaterresourcesarelimitedandunderthreatfrompollution,overuse,andclimatechange”，选A。5题：“TheEarthisoftencalledthe"BluePlanet"becauseabout71%ofitssurfaceiscoveredby