2017-2018学年人教课标高一英语必修3辅导Unit2HealthyeatingGRAMMAR

情态动词（二）【语境展示一】观察下面图画，并试着归纳oughtto与should的用法。

【自我归纳一】oughtto与should的意思大致相同，都表示“义务、要求或劝告”，只是oughtto比should的语气稍重一些。【拓展一】

oughtto的否定结构是oughtn'tto或oughtnotto。如：

Yououghtn't/oughtnottoleaveinsuchahurry.【语境展示二】观察下面图画，并试着归纳must与haveto的用法。

【自我归纳二】

must与haveto都表示“必须”，但must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而haveto表示的是客观需要，有“不得不”的含义。【拓展二】

must的否定形式mustnot/mustn't表示“不应该，不可以，不准，禁止”，在回答must的问句时，否定式常用neednot/needn't或don'thaveto，表示“不必”。如：

Youmustnotdrivewithoutalicense.It'sagainstthelaw.

—MustIeathere?

—No,youneedn't./No,youdon'thaveto.【语境展示三】观察下面图画，并试着归纳“情态动词+havedone”结构的用法。【自我归纳三】shouldhavedone表示“本应该做而实际上没做”，其否定形式shouldn'thavedone表示“_______________________”；needn'thavedone表示“过去不必做而实际上已经做了”；musthavedone表示“过去一定做了”。【拓展三】1.couldhavedone表示“过去本来能够做某事而实际上没有做”。如：Hecouldhaveescaped,buthechosetostandandfight.2.may/mighthavedone表示对已经发生过的情况的肯定推测，语气稍弱。mighthavedone还可表示“本可能做某事而实际上没有做”。如：Janedidn'teontime.Shemay/mighthavemissedthebus.Hemighthavegivenyoumorehelp,buthewasverybusythen.【即学即练1】从括号内选择合适的内容完成下面对话。Ahusband(H)andwife(W)aredrivingtoapartyandarelost.W:We'relost.Andwedon'tevenhaveamap.You1.________(shouldtake/shouldhavetaken)amap.H:Ididn'tthinkweweregoingtoneedone.I2.________(musthavemade/shouldhavemade)awrongturn.W:Doweneedtostopandaskfordirections?H:No,we3.________(mustn't/don'thaveto).We4.________(can/must)usethecellphoneandcalltheAllensandaskthemhowtogettotheirhouse.W:OK.H:Let'ssee.IthoughtIhadthecellphoneinmypocket.I5.________(can't/oughtto)findit.I6.________(mustleave/musthaveleft)itathome.W:No,Youdidn'tleaveitathome.I'vegotithereinmypurse.Oh,no.Itisoutofpower.We7.________(haveto/may)lookforapayphone.Doyouhaveanychange?H:Ijusthavedollarbills.W:You8.________(shouldhavetaken/musthavetaken)somechangewithyou.H:Oh,it'smyfault.W:Watchout!You9.________(mighthavehit/musthavehit)thatcar.H:Iwasn'tgoingtohitthatcar.Ididn'teanywhereclosetoit.W:Anywaywe10.________(oughtto/can)becareful.答案【自我归纳三】

本不应该做而实际上做了

【即学即练】1.shouldhavetaken

2.musthavemade3.don'thaveto

4.can

5.can't

6.musthaveleft7.haveto

8.shouldhavetaken9.mighthavehit

10.oughtto【即学即练2】I.

用mustn’t或needn’t填空。1.ThedentisthastoldAlanhe________eatanymoresweetthings.Histeethareinbadcondition.2.You________helpwiththeshopping.Johnhasalreadydoneit.3.We________askBillabouthisholiday.Hedoesn’twanttotalkaboutit.4.IjustwantageneralideaofthestorysoI________readtheentirebook.5.Youlookreallytired.Youstudiedallnightlastnight,sotonightyou________worksohard.6.You________readmyletters.They’reprivate.7.We________leaveyet.We’vegotplentyoftimetogettothestation.8.I’msuretheshopwon’tbebusysoyou________workifyoudon’twantto.II.

用oughtto,haveto或两者的否定形式完成下面短文。OK,well,asyouhaven’tdonethistripbeforeI’dbettergiveyouafewtipstosaveyoutimeandtrouble.First,you1.________makesureyougettotheairportreallyearlybecauseyoualways2.________queueforagesatcheckin.Theyreally3.________introduceamoreefficient(效率高的)system,buttheywon’t.Anyway,thenyou4.________gothroughpassportcontrolandsoon.You5.________takesomethinggoodtoreadbecauseyou’llhavequitealongwaitinthedeparturelounge(候机室).Whenyourflightiscalled,youshouldfollowanofficialouttoyourplane.You6.________takeveryheavyhandluggagebecauseyou7.________carryityourselfandtherearen’tanytrolleys(手推车).Yougetamealontheplane,whichyou8.________eatbecausetheflightisquiteshortanditwon’ttakeyoulongtogettoyourhotel.Besides,thehotelisverynice.I’msureyou’lllikeit.Now,doyouhaveanyquestions?答案I.1.mustn’t

2.needn’t

3.